ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗНООБРАЗИЕ ИВЫ КОРЗИНОЧНОЙ (SALIX

Y
F T ra n sf o
A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
he
C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
om
w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
– 582.623 + 581.15 + 575.174.015.3 + 631.52
(SALIX VIMINALIS L.)
(IN SITU)
w.
A B B Y Y.c
(EX SITU)
.
(Salix L.)
.
(Salix viminalis L.).
.
.
.
.
:
,
,
,
(Salix L.) –
,
,
,
,
[6, 7, 12, 15, 16, 17,
(
Salix
(2n=4x=76),
(2n=12x=228);
x=19 [21].
,
,
18, 21, 23].
Salix
300…500
) [15, 21].
:
(2n=6x=114),
(2n=2x=38),
(2n=10x=190)
(2n=8x=152),
(2n=3x=57);
–
(
(
),
[4].
,
,
,
)
.
,
,
,
[5, 8, 10].
Salix
(
),
,
,
,
,
(
,
)
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
[2, 6, 7, 14, 17].
–
» [19, 24, 26, 27, 30].
)
,
70
200
.
.
25
8
2
(25
)
[11].
[11, 24].
«
.
,
»
.
.
,
[27],
.
(
,
.
–
)
.
(
)
–
,
.
,
,
(
,
,
.
«
»
[16, 20].
,
[25, 29, 31],
1.6.11.
)
om
Y
F T ra n sf o
A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
he
C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
om
w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
.
(
(in situ):
w.
A B B Y Y.c
)
104
(
).
.
,
(
,
)
,
[9, 23].
,
)
[1, 20].
,
,
(ex situ),
,
,
[1].
,
:
) [28].
20…50%
(
)
.
:
(
),
,
.
(
)
Vimen Dum. 1825 (Viminella Ser. 1824),
(S. viminalis) [3, 5, 25, 27, 29, 31].
– Salix viminalis L. – (
.:
,
,
; eng.: basket willow,
osier willow, silky osier)
(2n=2x=38),
.
,
(
).
.
.
(II
–
).
,
.
–
.
(<1
).
,
,
.
.
(
)
.
.
,
,
.
80...125 (45...160)
,
10...15 (7...18)
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
7...12
2...3 ,
(
),
.
4...6
[6, 7, 15, 17].
:
,
,
,
),
(
,
),
(
.
),
,
,
.
,
(
) [15, 17].
–
,
,
,
;
[6, 7].
: S. pseudolinearis
Nas., S. semiviminalis E. Wolf, S. serotina Pallas, S. strobilacea Nas., S. verviminalis Nas., S. gmelinii Pall.
S. gmelinii Pall.,
,
S. dasyclados [22]).
: S. rossica Nas. (
), S. schwerinii E. Wolf (
) [13].
.
.
1930.
:
'(
.
), '
'(
.
), '
-3' '
'(
)(
.
[14,
20]).
(S. viminalis f. culta hort.): S.
viminalis var. lanceolata, S. viminalis var. gigantea, S. viminalis var. regalis.
,
,
'
'(
) [17].
: S. viminalis × S. aurita (S. ×
fruticosa Döll.), S. viminalis × S. caprea (S. × smithiana Willd.), S. viminalis × S. cinerea (S. × holosericea
Willd.), S. viminalis × S. purpurea (S. × rubra Huds.), S. viminalis × S. triandra (S. × undulata auct.), S. caprea
× S. viminalis (S. × acuminata auct.), S. purpurea × S. viminalis (S. × forbiana auct.), S. purpurea × S. undulata
(S. × suckatschiovii auct.), S. dasyclados × S. viminalis (S. × stipularis Sm.), S. triandra × S. viminalis (S. ×
molissima Ehrh.).
S. dasyclados × S. viminalis [29, 31].
:
,
om
Y
F T ra n sf o
A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
he
C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
om
w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
.
) –
(
w.
A B B Y Y.c
-
.
(
,
)
,
[6].
.
.
(
)
).
S. viminalis (F0, vi 01 )
,
20.05.2001 .
Salicetum triandro-viminalis (Tx. 1931) Lohm. 1952. (34,371874º
(
., 53, 220569º
.).
F0
(
;
– D3).
–
(
),
2 ,
.
,
,
,
Y/X (
Y
X).
F0
(
),
,
,
.
(
)
(
). 2004 .
.
(Y/X=10,9…13,5),
vi 0105 ( ) –
F0 – vi 0102 ( )
(F1, vi 04 )
–
: vi 0402
vi 0404 –
(Y/X=4,8…5,5).
.
2007 2009 .
vi 0402) vi 0924 ( vi 0404).
vi 0105
F2/b: vi 0722 (
.
2011 .
F2/b
vi 0722
vi 0924 –
vi 0924
(Y/X=15,0…18,3).
,
(Y/X=6,4…6,5 Y/X=6,8…7,8),
(Y/X=4,6…5,5 Y/X=5,2…5,3).
(
)
(
,
. 1–4;
(
),
).
10
.
vi 0924x –
1
(
(
. 2),
. 3),
.
vi 09243
4.
,
(
)
,
(
)
(in situ).
,
,
(ex situ)
.
.
S. viminalis
,
.
om
Y
F T ra n sf o
A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
he
C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
om
w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
b
d
1–
(
a, b –
vi 09245): Y/X=10,9…13,5;
, c, d –
.
b
2–
a – Y/X=6,4…6,5 (
:
vi 07221); b – Y/X=6,8…7,8 (
vi 07222);
.
w.
A B B Y Y.c
om
Y
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A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
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C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
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w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
w.
A B B Y Y.c
b
3–
: a – Y/X=4,6…5,5 (
vi 09241);
b – Y/X=5,2…5,3 (
vi 09242);
.
b
4–
(
,b–
a – Y/X=15,0…18,3; a –
vi 09243):
.
A comparative characteristic of genetic diversity of the willow (Salix L.) in nature and in culture is given. A system
for selection of willows on the basis of inbreeding is described. Problems of taxonomy of basket willow (Salix viminalis L.)
analyzed. Segregation on the morphology of the leaf blade in inbred families of basket willow is described. We prove
a high genetic potential of natural populations of basket willow in the Bryansk forest array.
The key words: energy plantations, basket willow, allelic diversity, inbreeding, backcrossing.
1.
2.
3.
,
.
,
Vimen /
4.
,
.
,
.
.
.:
. .:
, 1984. 101 .
.
,
.
.
//
:
«
», 2011.
:
. 11–22.
.
.
.
». –
,
», 2003. 431 .
.
:
5.
«
:
//
. «
, 2005. . 141–143.
,
–
.
(Salix L.) /
.
,
.
,
.
2010
,
.
.
:
//
om
Y
F T ra n sf o
A B B Y Y.c
bu
to
re
he
C
lic
k
he
k
lic
C
w.
om
w
w
w
w
rm
y
ABB
PD
re
to
Y
2.0
2.0
bu
y
rm
er
Y
F T ra n sf o
ABB
PD
er
Y
, 2010. . 77–86.
6.
7.
w.
A B B Y Y.c
,
.
.–
:
, 2003. 237 .
,
.
:
. – Saarbrücken: LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2011. 182 .
8.
,
.
(
Salix
).
:
.
, 2005. 146 .
9.
,
.
/
.
,
.
,
.
//
– 2010: .
V
.
.
. – .1. –
:
, 2010. . 30–34.
10.
,
.
/
.
,
.
//
:
.
.–
:
, 2009. .
391–393.
11.
,
.
«
»
/
.
,
.
//
. 2011. 6. . 16–24.
12.
,
.
. – .:
, 2004. 217 .
13.
,
. Salix /
. . 5. .– .:
, 1936. . 24-216, 707-713.
14.
,
.
,
. – .:
, 1952. – 168 .
15.
,
.
. .:
, 1968. 262 .
16.
,
.
. .:
.
, 1980. 206 .
17.
,
.
: (
,
,
.):
/
.
,
.
. .:
, 2009. – 200 .
18.
,
.
/
.
,
.
//
.–
:
«
», 2011. – . 175–180.
19.
,
.
i
:
i
/
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
. .:
, 2009. 80 .
20.
,
.
/ . .
, . .
, . .
. .:
, 2003. – 503 .
21. Argus G.W. Infrageneric Classification of Salix (Salicaceae) in the New World. – Systematic Botany
Monographs. 1997. Vol. 52. 121 p.
22. Belyaeva, I. Tipification of Pallas names in Salix / I. Belyaeva, A. Sennikov // Kew Bulletin. 2008. Vol.
63. P. 272.87.
23. hmelar, J. Die Weiden Europas / J. hmelar, W. Meusel. Wittenberg–Lutherstadt: 1976. 143 s.
24. Fredga, K. Bioenergy: Opportunities and constraints / K. Fredga, K. Danell, K.H. Frank, D. Hedberg, S.
Kullander // Energy Committee Report. 2008. June. 30 p.
25. Hanley, S. A genetic linkage map of willow (Salix viminalis) based on AFLP and microsatellite markers /
S. Hanley, G.H.A. Barker, J.W. van Ooijen, C. Aldam, S.L. Harris, I. Ahman, S. Larsson, A. Karp // Theol: Appl.
Genet. 2002. 105. . 1087–1096.
26. Heinsoo, K. Fine root biomass and production in a Salix viminalis and Salix dasyclados plantation / K.
Heinsoo, E. Merilo, M. Petrovits, A. Koppel // Estonian Journal of Ecology. 2009. 58 (1). . 27–37.
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28. Möller, R. Crop platforms for cell wall biorefining: lignocellulose feedstocks / R. Möller, M. Toonen, J.
van Beilen, E. Salentijn, D. Clayton. CNAP, University of York, 2007. 162 p.
29. Rönnberg-Wästljung, A.C. A genetic linkage map of a tetraploid Salix viminalis S. dasyclados hybrid
based on AFLP markers / A.C. Rönnberg-Wästljung, V. Tsarouhas, V. Semerikov, U. Lagercrantz // Forest Genetics.
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K.D. Cameron // Genetic Improvement of Bioenergy Crops / W. Vermerris (ed.). University of Florida – New York:
Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 2008. P. 347–376.
31. Weih, M. Genetic basis of phenotypic correlations among growth traits in hybrid willow (Salix
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. .
,
, [email protected]
om