1 - TMA.uz

Presentation of practical lessons on
environmental sanitation for 4th year
8 - semester
Sampling of waste liquid, order laboratory tests
(temperature, the color, odor, clarity, suspended
solids). Laboratory studies of wastewater (dissolved
oxygen, BOD, triad protein, bacteriological
indicators) Methods of hygienic assessment of the
amount of waste water past the various stages of
purification ("reading" the analysis of waste water)
1
2
3
4
• teach students the rules of sampling wastewater and water
reservoirs;
• - To teach students to evaluate the technical and hygienic
cleaning efficiency and provide sanitary conclusions.
• Teach students to assess the organoleptic characteristics of
the wastewater
• Teach students to evaluate general sanitary wastewater
indicators
1Methods of sampling the liquid
waste
2Laboratory methods of
waste water
The student should
know
3.Comparative hygienic
characteristics of atmospheric
water.
4Terms of descent of sewage water
reservoirs
5.The impact of wastewater on selfpurification of water reservoirs
6Mixing ratio Sewage water
reservoirs
The student should be
able to
To be able to give a relatively
hygienic characteristics fecal
economic wastewater
By calculation to determine the
conditions of water discharge
Development of preventive
measures for the protection of
water bodies
To be able to give a relatively
hygienic characteristics of
industrial wastewater
To be able to give a relatively
hygienic characteristics of
atmospheric sewage
Use legislative and regulatory
instruments for the protection of
water bodies
Terms sampling wastewater
1. Sampling of waste water:
 Prior to running wastewater water reservoirs
 on-site mixing of dipole
 1 km above the places of water use

The composition of the
cover letter:
Place water sampling
Characteristics of the sample
(disposable, medium, mediumproportional)
The program of
study time
sampling
method of
preservation
Position and
signature of the
person
otobreshego
sample
Organoleptic indicators defined by the wastewater:
1Temperature
2Odor
3Transparency
Defined parameters:
4Number of suspended solids
5BOD
Sanitary - protection of water bodies
After sampling the water is determined by the following indicators:
Nitrogen nitrates
2Nitrogen nitrites
.Hloridy
Defined parameters:
4.Permanganatny okislaemost
5.BOD
6phosphates
• At full analysis of waste water is determined by the following
indicators:
1
2
3
4
• Temperature, the intensity of odor, color, pH, transparency, the number and volume of
sediment, suspended solids
• Total nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate, permanganate okislaemost
• Dichromate oxidation, BOD, the relative stability of dissolved oxygen., Chlorides,
phosphates, fluorides, free chlorine
• Specific pollutants that which provides industrial wastewater. Iron, copper, chromium,
zinc, surfactants
• With the reduction of waste water analysis determined the
following indicators:
1
2
3
4
• Transparency, volume and amount of precipitation, the number and volume of
sediment, suspended solids
• dissolved oxygen, BOD, COD
• Microbial count, the number index, helminth eggs, the presence of pathogenic
microorganisms
• Specific pollutants that which provides industrial wastewater.
Types of health care:
sanitary
topographical
sanitary
engineering
sanitary
epidemiologic
al
Qualitative analysis of gas do once a month to determine the ratio
1
• methane
2
• Hydrogen, oxygen,
3
• nitrogen
4
• hydrogen sulfide
Manufacturing water
Industrial produced in industrial enterprises, as a result of
technological production processes
Stages of "reading" the analysis
of waste water
Stage 1.
Establishing
the form of
wastewater
2 stage- establishment
of the necessary
volume of research
and the degree of
danger of epidemic
wastewater depending
on the type of water
Stage 3
completeness check
submissions
Stage 4 Evaluation of
sanitary
inspection data
5 stageevaluation
laboratory data
Characterization methods of wastewater
sampling
1
• For samples taken after medium each time an equal amount of waste liquid (250300 ml)
2
• If the composition of waste varies widely, it is necessary to
examine individual (single sample)
3
• The irregular formation of waste water is proportional to the
average of the sample, ie, selected portions of which are
proportional to the volume of images flows.
Determination of organoleptic indicators of sewage
1
2
3
4
• Temperature. The temperature of the effluent was measured at sampling
sites thermometers with a scale of 0.1 C as well as in the study of
drinking water.
• Colouring defend or filtered waste water is poured into the cylinder of colorless
glass with a smooth flat bottom layer of 20 cm (or 10 cm) and consider on a
white background in diffused daylight. Placed near the same cylinder with
distilled water
• Smell. Determine ambient temperature and after heating to 60 In addition, the value found
dilution at which no longer smell felt. Proihvodyat study in the room, isolated from foreign odors.
•Transparency. To determine whole and wastewater at various stages of purification
such as drinking water using the Snellen font.
Definition of general sanitary wastewater indicators:
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) - the amount in kilograms of
oxygen that goes to the biochemical oxidation of organic substances
contained in 1 dm3 of water during 5 days (BOD 5) or 20 days (total
BOD) at 20 ° C
Biochemical oxygen demand of waste is measured the amount of
oxygen required for the oxidation are all in 1 liter wastewater organic
substances from occurring therein biochemical processes.
Define or complete BOD and BOD 5.
For practical purposes, often determine the BOD. BOD value is
found by equality and dissolved oxygen in the water in the
time of the study and after incubation of the sample in an
oven at a temperature of 18 - 20 gr.
continuation
Determination of dissolved oxygen
In brimmed oxygen bottle poured into 1 ml
manganese chloride and 1 ml of the alkaline
solution of potassium yodistovogo different
impetkami to be lowered to the bottom of the
bottle and slowly withdrawn. Sitnikov
carefully stoppered, shaken for about 15
times. Then the flask is left to rest until
until the iodine formed precipitate
(manganese hydroxide) neosadyat bottom.
The reaction proceeds according to the
formula:
2MnCl3 =2MnCl2+Cl
Cl2+2KJ= J2 +Cl
J2+NaS2 O3 =2Na J+NaS4O6
Formed with the chlorine rapidly decomposes into manganese
chloride manganese and chlorine
continuation
Х=N*K*0.08*10
wherein the amount of X-O2
mg / l; N-number of MS 2 2O8
peraskhodonnogo to titrate the
correction .. K-coeff. hypo
solution; 0.08, the amount of
oxygen which sootvetstvuyut1
0,01i ml solution..
New educational technology used
in the lesson
Determination of
organoleptic
indicators of sewage
smell
transparency
Temperat
ure.
color
test questions
Sources of waste water and their features
methods of mechanical cleaning wastewater.
principle of the circular tanks
device and small sewerage scheme
Biological methods purify household wastewater.
Natural and artificial construction of biological
wastewater treatment.
 Hygienic requirements conditions descent
wastewater.
 Methods of treatment of industrial wastewater.
 Principles of Operation zagnevatelya settlers.
 Evaluating the effectiveness of treatment
facilities for technical and hygienic
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References:
 "Summary:
 1.
"Health" under the guidance of prof. Demidenko NM T.
2003
 2. Guide to laboratory work on communal hygiene Goncharuk
EI Moscow 1990
 3. Sh.T.Otaboev, T.I.Iskandarov, G.T.Iskandarova "Kommunal
hygiene" Tashkent 2010 th.
 4 "Kommunal gigienadan Amal mashgulotlar Uchun ukuv
 kullanma. "Edited by Academician Iskandarova TI T. 2006y
 5. "Communal Hygiene" E.I.Goncharuk Kiev in 2007 I, II part
Further Reading

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- Iskandarova G T "Regional san. gig. problems of
protection of water sources "water inpatient
population of Uzbekistan. T. 2001.
- Health rules and regulations of planning and
building of settlements of the Republic of
Uzbekistan 0003-93
- Sanitary norms of admissible levels of
electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies 006496
- Sanitary rules of design and maintenance of
cemeteries 0086-99
- Health rules and regulations and the optimum
allowable building density residential areas of
cities of Uzbekistan 0144-03
continuation
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- Health rules and regulations design of
residential houses in the climatic
conditions of Uzbekistan 0146-04
- Health rules and regulations setting up
and maintaining public toilets 0151-04
- Hygiene requirements for institutions,
organizations, companies and individuals
involved in the disinfection activities
0177-04
- Health rules and regulations for the use
of mobile phones 0189-05
- Lecture materials.
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