History of Psychology With an unexpected turn at the end… iSLCollective.com Psychology in Ancient Times ● Exploration of human mental and behaviour processes. ○ Aristotle and Plato laid the foundation for the study of Psychology. ● Formal discipline of Psychology began to develop in the Renaissance period. ○ Rene Descartes and John Locke developed theories of mind and the role of perception in human behavior Photo by Pixabay iSLCollective.com Influential Psychologists in History ● Sigmund Freud and B.F. Skinner significantly impacted psychology. ● Freud's psychoanalytic theory revolutionized the field. ● Skinner's behaviorism shifted focus from the mind to behavior. ● Rogers' humanistic approach emphasized empathy and self-discovery. Photo by Pixabay iSLCollective.com Schools of Thought in Psychology Behaviourism Famous people: John Watson, B.F. Constructivism Famous people: Jean Piaget, Lev Cognitive Psychology Skinner, Ivan Pavlov Vygotsky Famous people: Ulric Nisser, George It focuses on observable behavior and the environment's impact on behavior. This approach emphasizes the importance of subjective experiences and the role of the individual in constructing their own understanding of the world. This approach studies the mental processes involved in perception, memory, thinking, and problem-solving. Criticisms: ● ● ignores the internal mental processes reduces complex human behavior to simple cause-and-effect relationships. Criticisms: ● this approach can be overly subjective and lacks scientific rigor. Miller Criticisms: ● ● too focused on individual cognitive processes ignoring social and cultural influences on behavior. iSLCollective.com Contemporary Psychology and Current Trends Positive Psychology ● ● focuses on promoting positive emotions, behaviors, and thoughts, rather than just treating negative ones has gained popularity in recent years as people look for ways to improve their overall well-being Multicultural Psychology ● ● focuses on the influence of culture on behavior and mental processes aims to understand how cultural factors such as race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status affect mental health and well-being. Neuroscience ● ● studies the brain and nervous system's function and structure and how they relate to behavior and mental processes has advanced significantly in recent years with new technologies such as fMRI, which allows researchers to see brain activity in real-time. iSLCollective.com ● What did you find most interesting about the history of psychology? ● How do you think understanding psychology can be useful in your own life? iSLCollective.com iSLCollective.com
