« 45.04.02.01.00 » 45.04.02 ___________ . . «_____» _________________ 2017 . . ________________ . . ________________ . . . ________________ . . 2017 . , . ............................................................................................................. 3 1. ......... 6 1.1. ....................................... 6 1.2. ................................ 10 1.3. ........................ 15 1.4. ......................................................... 21 1 ....................................................................................... 31 2. T. 2.1. T. 2.2. T. 2.3. 2.4. T. ............. 33 ................... 33 ........................................................................................................... 38 . .............................................................................. 51 . ........................................................................................................... 58 2 ....................................................................................... 63 ................................................................................................... 65 ....................................... 68 2 , . , , , , , . А , , , – , , . Ц , . . , , . , . : 1) ; 2) ; 3) ; ; 4) 3 5) , . ; 6) , . ; 7) T. . . : , . - . . T. Т : . , . . . , . . , . . . , , . . , , . . , . . . , . . , . . . , B.Z. Mahon, , G. Hofstede, E. Hall, R. Lewis; . . . . , . . . . , . . , : . . , , . . , W.D. Whitney, S. Sato; : . . , . . , . . , . . , , . . , S.A. Gelman, E. Rosch. 4 . . , . . , , . . , R.W. 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( 4 40 , 3 , ) , . « T. « », », «Guards! Guards!», «Men at Arms», «Feet of Clay». 280 . , . , , , . , . 6 , . , , – 34 , 100 , , . . , - . , . , . , , 1987]. [ – . . « » , , « » . , , , , – [ – ]. . . , , , . , . , , – . , . . 35 . , , . . . , , . , , , , – [ , , 2011]. , , , . . , , 2016: 39]. [ , , . . . , « - ». – , . , , – [ , , , : 42]. , . , . , , : 36 , , , , . , . , , « » , , , . , , . , . . . , , , , , , . . , , , ; « , » , , , ; , , , « », , ; , 37 , , . – , , , , . , , , . , , , . 2.2. T. , , , , , . , . . , T. , , , : 38 . И . . , , . , , . – , . , , , , , . – , . : . « . » « », . , , 2005]. [ , : William, Richard, Robert, Hugh, Ralph, : Edgar, Alfred, Emma, Arthur, John, Peter, Simon, Luke – Lancelot, Rosabel, Mary, Joan, Agnes – . , . , . . Silvia, Celia, Juliet, Jessica, Ophelia, Viola. , . , . 39 , . : Christabel, Rowena, Cedric, Minna, Diana, Roland, Hugh, Walter. , [ ]. , T. , , : Caddie, Lance, Edward; Lord Venturii, Sir George. – , . - – ё , , . , : They were generally called Sara or Jessica, and all looked exactly the same; One of the Interchangeable Emmas gave a giggle... , , , . , . , , : Queen Alguinna IV, King Veltrick III; , : Homicidal Lord Winder, Lorenzo the Kind; , : Webblethorpe the Unconscious, Deranged Lord Harmoni, Laughing Lord Scapula. 40 , , , : Ethelred the Unready, Alfred the Great, Sweyn I Forkbeard. 9–10 . . . Н – , , . , , , . , – , ( , , ), . ( , , ) . . , : : ; , ( , ; , , ): Bristol, Liverpool. ( ): ; ; , ; ; : penny, pub. 41 : - , ; ; ; , , , : chivalry, peerage. , , ( , ), ( ), ( ). – , , , , , . , . . , . , . T. . , , : gold mine, sheepdog, swineherd. , , , , . : roosting starlings, seals, delphiniums, thistle. . 42 , . , , : knights, chivalry, royalty. – , . . . , : hand-me-down pants, wine cellar, wool of Ramtop sheep. , , , , . , , , , , , . , , . , , , , . , , , , . . , . , , 43 . , , , , . , , . You're six foot six, lad – he's only five foot! ...whose family for the last three generations hadn't travelled more than twenty miles. Three pounds that amulet cost me! ...while that penny-pay system had its fine points. T. . . : , , , . П , , , , . , , . , , . ; - , 44 , , . – , , , , , , , . . . , , , , , . . , . , . : ; ( ( ) , - ); . 45 T. , . , . : True king could pull a sword from a stone, , , . ...servants who rolled a purple carpet down the steps. , , . , . И – , . , - , , , . – , , , . , , - , , , . . . , , . 46 , : , . , , – , . , , . – . : , . , , , . , . , , . : beauteous – beautiful; darksome – dark; even – evening; morn – morning; oft – often. . , . . : « pray « fair – « », »; » – , fair – « » – ; maid – « « » – , maid – ». T. : , , , 47 , 2~st: knowest, speakest, 2- : thou, thee, thy, thine. : Thou watchest the last oozings, hours by hours.; Thee sitting careless on a granary floor. , T. , , . , , . . Б я . , . , – , , . , , . , , , , [ , 2002]. T. , . , 48 , . bloody. bloody . – 18 bloody hell, . , 1740- , . , . 20 . Do you need this bloody book or not?; ...you bloody well just find another street. « » , . , : crap, bloody hell, , : being such a knobhead. Knobhead – , , , , . everyone knows they're just tiny muppets; plonker. plonker – Muppet « fool, stupid, ». ...that oik. Oik – , . « Oi!, . !». , . 49 , , . T. , , , , , , T. , , , . , , T. , - . , , , . T. , , , . , T. , . . T. . , . 50 2.3. . . , . , , , : , , . , . [ , 2008]. « » , , . . , , , , , [ . . , , 1996]. – , , , , , – [ « » « , 2001: 110]. , , 51 » , , , , . – . , . , , . « » , . – , . , T. , , . , , , : Scions, they're called. They go lurking around in the distant wildernesses for ages, handing down the secret sword and a crown-like birthmark and so forth from generation to generation. Then just when the old kingdom needs them, they turn up and turf out any usurpers that happen to be around. And then there's general rejoicing. , , , 52 , , , , . "There was once a golden age, when those worthy of command and respect were justly rewarded. An age when Ankh-Morpork wasn't simply a big city but a great one. An age of chivalry." – "Are you talking about when we had kings?" "And knights." , , . , , . "The royal b-lood cannot be wa-tered down!" , , , , . T. , . , , : "…she's probably thinking, I expect he's having a quiet game of dominoes with beer or something…" , . . : ...started to cry gently into his beer; He was vaguely aware that he drank to forget. What made it rather pointless was that he couldn't remember what it was he was forgetting any more. In the end he just drank to forget about drinking. 53 , BBC, , 2004 . . , , . T. : ...the magnificent parks and gardens that they designed with almost god-like power and foresight, thinking nothing of making lakes and shifting hills and planting woodlands to enable future generations to appreciate the sublime beauty of wild Nature transformed by Man. , , . , , . , : "Odd job, sir. Gardening and carpentry and that.", , odd, , , , . , . For example, they contained the ornamental trout lake, one hundred and fifty yards long and, because of one of those trifling ambitions that were such a distinctive feature of Bloody Stupid's designs, one inch wide. , , , 54 . , , , . , , : ...can readily be proved by anyone who has been around a really oldfashioned secondhand bookshop, one of those that look as though they were designed on a bad day and has more staircases than storeys and those rows of shelves which end in little doors that are surely too small for a full-sized human to enter. , , , , . , : Ankh-Morpork, oldest and greatest and grubbiest of cities. A thin drizzle dripped from the grey sky and punctuated the river mist that coiled among the streets; A sprawling place, home to a million people, greatest of cities on the Discworld, located on either side of the river Ankh, a waterway so muddy that it looks as if it is flowing upside down. , , , – T. , , . . , , . , , , . 55 , , , 2011]. [ . , , , , , , . , . , , , . , , . , «… – , , , » [Goldstein, 1983]. , « » , , , . . – , , . , – , . , ( , , , ). . , ; . 56 - ; . , . . – , , ( ), . , . , T. . , , , , : "I did not object to this object." – he stuttered. , , , , , , , . Did you hear about that ol' blind carpenter who picked up his hammer and saw? , saw , saw, , blind , carpenter, . 57 , , , , . . , . , , , , . . 2.4. T. , T. , , . – . , « » , . , – . 58 They were never quite sure whether the Grand Master meant he'd deal with it now. Or just deal with it briefly. But it never hurts to ask. , , . They thought about it. And then you could see them turning the idea around and thinking about it the other way, in a polite effort to see what the hell he was getting at. , , . "King has to marry a princess, too," said Brother Doorkeeper. ''On account of him being a swineherd.'' , . , , , , , , , , : "You have to know all the laws," he said virtuously, "to be a good officer. Ain't no one is going to help ya with this.'' , , , , . I shall form a new secret society of keen-minded and intelligent men, although not too intelligent of course, not too intelligent. 59 , not too intelligent , . ...he came under no outside influences at all. He just came under the influence of himself. , . Colon literally couldn't wait to escape this meaningless small talk and to rush back to his beloved tuba. "I tell them, I work all day, a man's got to have some time to learn to play the tuba." , , , , . , , . , , , , . « » : Dwarfs have no use for metaphor and simile. And were sure they are the most fearsome, as well. , fearsome , . The Grand Master hesitated. This was quite true, but he wasn't going to admit it, not in front of his sworn enemy, at least. 60 . "Being a guard will make a Man of me." . , , . , « », : Life is just chemicals. A drop here, a drip there, everything's changed. , , , . ...because waiting implies expectation. Waiting expectation , , . Then Carrot washed his face, donned his leather shirt and trousers and chainmail, buckled on his breastplate and, with his helmet under his arm, stepped out cheerfully, ready to face whatever the future would bring. , , . This is all what you have to do, you walk along the Streets at Night, shouting, It's Twelve O'clock and All's Well. I said, "What if it is not all well," and he said, "You bloody well just find another street." , , . 61 just , – , . , « T. . . 62 . » 2 , . , , , , , , , , . , . , , , . , , , , , , . , , . , . , ‒ , . , , , , , . , 63 , , , . , , , . . , , , , , , , . , . , . , . , . , , , , , . , . 64 , . . , , , . , . – , , . , , , , , . - , , . , , . . , , , . , . , 65 , . « », , , . . , (Emma, Edward); (mile, foot, penny); (thou, mon) , (pray, speakest); (sheepdog, thistle); , - (to pull the sword from the stone); , . (bloody, oik). , , . , , , . . , ; , , ; . 66 , , . 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