TF2017 2DTraining Basic copy

TemisFlow 2017 – 2D Basic Tutorial
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232, avenue Napoléon Bonaparte - BP 213
92502 Rueil Malmaison Cedex - France
Phone: + 33 1 47 08 80 00 - Fax: + 33 1 47 08 41 85
E-mail: [email protected] - www.beicip.com
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Pelotas Basin
Contents
1. Geological Context
2. Launching TemisFlow
3. Importing Data
4. Building the Stratigraphy
5. Defining the Lithologies and an erosion
6. Defining the Kerogens
8. Defining the Thermal Conditions
9. Defining the Advanced Basement
11. Launching a Migration Simulation
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10. Launching a Pressure-Temperature Simulation
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Geological Context
Pelotas Basin Location
South Atlantic Ocean
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South Brazil passive margin
Basin Morphology
Main Geomorphologic structures of the Brazilian Margin
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Complex morphology of the Brazilian
margin with volcanism, structural
heights and salt diapirism.
Basin Stratigraphy
Pelotas Basin has no salt.
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Simple progradation and
retrogradation sequences.
Basin Evolution
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It results from the continental fragmentation of
the Pangea leading to the South Atlantic Ocean
formation.
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Basin Evolution
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Basin Evolution
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Basin Evolution
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Basin Evolution
Basin Evolution
The South Atlantic Ocean initiation led to a small tectonic subsidence phase
followed by a thermal subsidence.
Following these two phases, a lithosphere bending occurred and led to the general
basin form.
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All these phenomenon produced a continuous increase of the relative sea level
through time.
Basin Lithologies
An early Barremian basalt flow fills the
basin base.
These basalt levels are followed by tuff,
conglomerate and continental sandstones.
A first apparition of shallow oceanic facies
occurs during Albian and Cenomanian.
During Santonian and Campanian,
continental deposit occurs and leads to an
upward increase of shale proportion.
Finally oceanic facies reappears during
Paleocene.
● Lower-Upper Cretaceous,
● Cretaceous-Paleocene,
● Paleocene-Eocene.
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Three main major erosions phases occurred:
Basin Lithologies
Lateral variations of facies can induce potential stratigraphic traps.
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Good sand proportion deposits are identified at the slope base. It is the equivalent
of the proven African turbiditic target.
Petroleum System
Burial mechanism: regular and gentle deepening of the basin through time.
Oil windows is reached between 40 and 30Ma ago.
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Gas window is reached between 15 and 5Ma ago.
Assessment
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In 2000, the Pelotas basin was still considered a prolific basin for oil and gas
discoveries.
Why this study
Two possible targets:
● Turbidites,
● Stratigraphic plays.
Objectives:
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Check that stratigraphic plays and turbidite plays are possible,
Migration Path,
Timing for traps charge,
First estimation of fluid accumulation.
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Launching TemisFlow
Launching TemisFlow
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The first step will be to launch OpenFlow, platform that hosts TemisFlow, and tune
the environment and its main settings.
Starting TemisFlow
Launch OpenFlow through the
dedicated desktop icon.
OpenFlow Suite
2017
Use your Login and Password and
select the Server.
Click on Ok and, in the next
window, select the training project.
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In the last panel, only select the
OpenFlow-Advanded and
TemisFlow-Basin Modeling features
and click on Ok.
Setting the Project Preferences
At this step, make sure that
the Z convention is set as
Depth and that you are in
Bottom for the Layer
Numbering convention.
Select Basin as Unit System.
Tick TemisFlow as
Perspective.
Click on Finish.
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NB : If the welcome page is
present, it can be closed.
Choosing the TemisFlow Perspective
OpenFlow Suite opens. Select the TemisFlow perspective on the upper right of the
window or inside Window > Perspective > TemisFlow.
Study explorer
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Scenario Explorer
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Importing Data
Importing Data
When starting with a new project, it is mandatory to first create a Study before
importing the input data.
The study contains all the objects (wells, templates, horizons…) related to a given
model.
The input data that will be imported are the following:
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● A 2D template interpreted on a seismic section,
● One calibration well with Temperature and Vitrinite Reflectance logs.
Importing a 2D Template
From the Study Explorer, right click anywhere
and select Import.
In the newly opened wizard, expand 2D Section
Template and select Flat File (*.prn,*.txt).
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Click on Next.
Importing a 2D Template
Use the Browse button to select
the Pelotas_DATA directory.
In the left-hand side panel, click
on the Pelotas_DATA folder to
visualize its content in the righthand side panel (do not tick the
box in front of it).
In the right-hand side panel,
select the Pelotas.txt file by
ticking the box in front of it.
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Click on Next.
Importing a 2D Template
In this wizard page, a template preview is
displayed, showing that the second column of
the template file corresponds to the horizon ID,
the third one to the X coordinates of each point
and the fourth one to their Z coordinates.
In the bottom table, define the 1st column
as ID. Click on the Type box to do so.
Identify the 2nd and 3rd column as X axis and
Z axis the same way.
Define the axis unit as meter.
The template is imported in the study
under Pelotas > Polylines.
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Click on Finish and OK.
Importing Wells
From the Study Explorer, right click > Import.
Reach Well Paths > Well logs > Observed Data (.obdat2).
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Click on Next.
Importing Wells
The dataset folder should already be listed (if
not, use the browse button to select it).
Click on it in the left panel to visualize its
content.
Select Well1.obdat2 and click on Next.
In the next panel, change the Vitrinite log
type from Unknown to Vitrinite
Reflectance by clicking in the
corresponding box.
Click on Finish.
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NB: to avoid the property type definition,
it is possible to use aliases.
Visualizing the Imported Objects
In the study explorer, select the wells and the template (holding the Ctrl button).
Right-click on them and select Open with > 3D Viewer.
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Drag & drop the well logs and tick Use color scale in 3D Viewer to display them.
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Building the Stratigraphy
Building the Stratigraphy
In TemisFlow, a model, or GeoGrid, is built within a Scenario.
A Scenario is an entity gathering all necessary data to build and analyze a model. It is
the central element of TemisFlow. It has the same look and feel and philosophy
whatever the model dimension.
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Once the 2D model and its associated scenario are created, the first model building
step will be the definition of the Present Day geometry. In order to draw this
stratigraphy, the 2D template will be used.
Creating a 2D Scenario
The 342km long section will be created at the same
time of its associated scenario. To do so:
In the Study Explorer, right-click and select New
> Scenarios > 2D Scenario.
In the wizard, name the scenario Pelotas_Model
and click on Next.
In the next panel, define the
section coordinates with:
● X0=0, Y0=0,
● X1=342000, Y1=0.
An empty 2D GeoGrid named
Pelotas_Model is opened.
Save it using Ctrl+S. Click No.
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Click on Finish.
2D Scenario Description
The display is organized with the Object Explorer, Study Explorer, Scenario
Explorer, Scenario Tree and the 2D GeoGrid (empty for now).
Data for Result
Checking
Sedimentary Model
Panel
Model
Configuration
Simulation
Configuration
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Uncertainty
Analysis with
CougarFlow
Sedimentary Model Description
The 2D editor contains three different panels:
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● Present Day Geological Description where geometries, lithologies and the petroleum
system are defined using maps or values,
● Geological Event for geometry and lithology evolution through time,
● CrossSection : drawing mode where geometries and lithologies can be defined at
present day and through time. It is synchronized with the other panels.
Using the 2D Template
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From the Study Explorer, drag and drop the Template-Pelotas in the Cross Section
panel. Click on 1:1 in the right hand side tool bar to resize the view.
Changing Settings
In the Data Tree of the CrossSection, select the Line
Pelotas_Sediments_backstripped.
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Reach the bottom of the View Settings panel and
untick Do Not Add Implicit Verticals When
Digitizing Horizon.
Fitting Horizons
The Blue rectangle is one layer. Using the template, we will edit the model geometry
starting with the Top horizon.
Click on
in the right hand side toolbar in order to select horizons.
Select the top horizon of the model (it will be automatically highlighted in red).
In the right hand side toolbar, select Fit to Template
.
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Click on the top horizon of the template and wait a few seconds. The model top
horizon is automatically fitted to the template.
Fitting Horizons
Let’s now fit the bottom horizon to the template.
Click on
in the right hand side toolbar in order to select horizons.
Select the bottom horizon of the model (it will be automatically highlighted in red).
In the right hand side toolbar, select Fit to Template
.
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Click on the bottom horizon of the template and wait a few seconds. The model top
horizon is automatically fitted to the template.
Horizon Graphic Settings
To ease the model geometry construction, use the View Settings panel in order to
customize the template and/or horizon color. To do so:
In the data tree of the view setting panel, choose Pelotas_
Model_Sediments_Backstripped and untick “Use Color of
Associated Unit For Horizons”.
Select Template-Pelotas in the data
tree of the view setting panel to change the Line
Color of the template. Set it as green.
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The section horizons are now black and the template ones
are green.
Inserting New Horizons
In the right hand side tool bar, click
on Add Horizon .
Click inside the section to add an
horizon.
Using
, select the new horizon
located in the middle of the
section. This horizon is highlighted
in red.
Use Fit to Template
to fit this
horizon to the corresponding one in
the template.
15 horizons and 14 associated units are
created
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Repeat those steps for the other
horizons.
Defining Ages and Stratigraphy
Define the correct ages directly in the time scale at the top of the
editor, by double-clicking on the boxes, as follows:
NB: left-click on the time scale and move the mouse left or right to move it.
Open the Stratigraphic Scale or the Present Day panel and define top
horizons and layers’ names as shown in the stratigraphic column, by
double-clicking on their boxes.
Save the 2D GeoGrid by pressing Ctrl+S and close it. Do not accept the
backstripping this time.
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You can also modify colors and patterns by right-clicking on units and
selecting Select Pattern.
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Defining the Lithologies and an erosion
Defining the Lithologies
Now that the model geometry is defined, it has to be filled with properties. To do so, a
Lithology Library needs to be added to the scenario to define the lithologies used in the
model.
The Lithology Library is where rock properties and lithofacies indexation are defined. It
can be imported or created from scratch and edited at any time.
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When lithologies are defined, the next step is to fill the 2D section using painting tools.
Importing Lithology Library
In the Scenario Explorer, right-click on
Lithologies Library and select Import.
Use the Browse button to reach the dataset.
Tick Pelotas.xml.
Click on Finish.
A warning message appears indicating that the
library is properly imported. Just click on OK to
validate the import.
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The library is automatically added inside the
Scenario Explorer and can be used to assign
lithologies to the section.
Presenting the Lithology Library
The Lithology Library is organized around several elements:
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● A Lithofacies list where facies categories and lihtofacies are
created and listed.
● An Indexes Table Edition mode where lithofacies indexes
are defined.
● An Edition Mode to customize facies parameters such as
facies porosity, permeability, capillary pressure….
Defining Lithology Indexes
From the lithology list, select the Carbonates, Clastic, and Salt categories.
Drag and Drop them in the Indexes for Sedimentary Facies table.
Drag and Drop the Igneous Rocks in the Indexes for the Lithospheric Facies table.
Click on the icon Fill Empty Indexes Automatically for the Sedimentary and
Lithospheric table. Indexes are automatically created.
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Save the library and close it.
Using a Background Image
In the Scenario Explorer, double-click on the Sedimentary Model of the Geogrid.
In the Cross Section panel, click on Lithofacies edition mode
corner of the editor.
in the upper right
No lithology is present in the section yet. To ease the facies filling, a background image
will be loaded.
Reach the View Settings tab and click on Cross Section View in the data tree.
Tick Background Image and use the Browse button to reach the image Litho.jpg in
the dataset.
●
●
●
●
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X origin: -20400m,
Z origin: 11150m,
Width: 378500m,
Height: 11150m.
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Define the coordinates as:
Drawing Lithofacies
Select Organic_Shale facies using the facies list selection tool
right-hand side toolbar.
Use the paint property tool
next slide).
located in the
to fill the section with the selected facies (see
If an error is done, select the NoValue facies and paint the unit to correct the
error.
After the correction
Do not hesitate to untick the picture to check where the facies is drawn.
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Before the correction
Drawing Lithofacies
Select another facies in the facies list and draw it as below.
Silty_Sand
Silty_Shale
Organic_Shale
Organic_Shale_Marl
Mixed_Carbonate_Siliclastic
Sandstone
Conglomerate
Limestone
Save the model from times to times.
At the end, save the model and launch the backstripping.
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Conglo_Sand
Checking Lithofacies filling
Untick the background image.
Click on Check All
All cells, even the ones without any thickness, must have a facies defined. In that
case, a warning appears in front of Check Present Properties and corrections can be
apply.
Click on the warning in front of Check Present Properties.
Several correction options are available. Select Propagate layer Lithofacies
(Priority Left).
Click on Check All. If it is still not correct use the Propagate Layer Lithofacies
(Priority Right) option.
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Save the model.
Bathymetry definition
Reach the Geological Events panel
Double click on the bottom left box below 130Ma.
Define a paleobathymetry of 10 m. To do so, type in 10
in the previously selected box and press the return key.
Keep a proportional evolution for the other ages.
Click on Check All and save the model.
Accept the backstripping.
0Ma
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Check the model evolution through time by navigating
between ages:
Defining an erosion
In the Cross Section panel, click on the age
66Ma to visualize the section at 66Ma.
Right click between the age 66 and 50Ma and
click on Insert unconformity or hiatus.
Change the age 58Ma into 65Ma.
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Right click between 65 and 50Ma and select
Insert Erosion Event.
Defining an erosion
Select the erosion mode at the top right of the of the cross section.
Select the age 65Ma and click on the red symbol.
Select now the top of the model. It is now highlighted in red.
In the view settings it is possible to select the Facies property to ease the display.
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In the right bar select the tool Digitize Horizon.
Defining an erosion
Digitize now the erosion as in the presented pictures.
Before Digitizing
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After Digitizing
Defining an erosion
Switch now to the reference depth mode by selecting the symbol
at the top
right of the Cross Section. The top of the model is automatically highlighted in red.
Select now Move Horizon to move the section at the level as the following picture.
Close the editor.
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Save the model and click Yes for the backstripping. Navigate through time to
visualize the evolution of the section.
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Defining the Kerogens
Defining the Kerogens
Now that the 2D section contains facies property, it has to be filled with source rock
properties. To do so, a Geochemical Library needs to be added to the scenario to
define the kerogens used in the model.
The Geochemical Library contains fluid and geochemical properties and can be
imported or created from scratch.
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When kerogens are defined, the next step is to fill the 2D section. This filling can be
constrained by the lithology.
Importing the Geochemical Library
In the Scenario Explorer, right-click on
Geochemical Library and select Import.
In the wizard select IFPEN Default Library and
click on Finish. The library is added below
Geochemical Library with the name
DefaultGeochemicals-1.
Right-click on it and select Rename.
Rename it with the name Pelotas_kero and click
on OK.
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Double click on the geochemical library to open it.
Presenting the Geochemical library
Components Properties
Source Rock
Indexes Table
HC Components
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Primary and
Secondary
Cracking
Definition
Defining the Kerogen Indexes
From Components > Organics > Type II Kerogens, drag and drop the kerogen Ptbeds
in the indexes table.
From Components > Organics > Type I Kerogens, drag and drop the kerogen
Upanema in the indexes table.
Click on Fill all empty indexes automatically which is a the top right of the editor
.
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Save the editor and close it.
Filling the 2D Section with Kerogens
To assign the kerogens, the following assessments will be used:
● If the facies is Organic_Shale, it corresponds to the Upanema Source Rock,
● If the facies is Organic_Shale_Marl, it corresponds to the Ptbeds Source Rock.
To define it, two methods will be used, first using a conditional formula and second using
the filtering capability.
Open the sedimentary model of the Geogrid.
Click on the Source Rock mode edition
in the top right tools bar.
Reach the Property Editor panel and click on P1 in the Set Cells Values section.
Click on
to Select a Property and select Facies in the wizard to set P1 = Facies.
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Do the same for P2 = HC_Source.
Defining the Upanema Source Rock
Enter the following formula in the Elsewhere field: if(P1==X,Y,P2).
X is the Organic_Shale facies index and Y the Upenama Source Rock index.
Click on Apply.
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It means that if Organic shales are present, Upanema source rock properties is set.
Defining the Ptbeds Source Rock
Open the Filters panel and extend the Filtering By
Discrete Properties section.
Select the Pelotas library and tick Facies. Untick then all
facies except Organic_Shale_marl.
Go back to the Property Editor panel and define the
Ptbeds index in the Filtered line.
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Click on Apply.
Defining the Initial TOC
Reach the Present Day Geological Description panel.
Define for Holocene, Messinian and Serravallian formation, a TOC of 2%.
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Define for the other source rock level, a TOC of 15%.
Checking the Source Rock Information Consistency
Click on Check All.
An error occurs because the TOC domain is different from the kerogen domain. The
TOC was defined all along the unit when the kerogen was not.
Click on the red cross to the left of the Initial Toc boxes and select Match TOC
domain to HC Source Domain.
Repeat the same step for all the source rock layers.
Accept the backstripping.
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Click on Check All and save the model.
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Defining the Thermal Conditions
Defining the Thermal Conditions
Now that the section is properly filled, we need to define the thermal conditions of
the basin (i.e. the basin thermal history).
Two conditions will be defined through time:
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● The surface temperature,
● The temperature at base of upper mantle.
Opening the Thermal Conditions Editor
To open the Thermal Conditions Editor, double-click on it in the Scenario
Explorer.
List of Curves
Organized by Ages
or Types
Table to Define Curves
Graphical Area
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Data, Array and
Charts Options
Defining the Surface Temperature
For the surface temperature, the evolution is:
● A constant 15°C profile initially (at 130Ma),
● A bathymetric depending temperature at Present Day.
In the thermal editor, right click on Thermal Boundaries Profiles and select New
Profiles.
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In the wizard define the Property as Surface Temperature, the Age as 130Ma and
the Value as 15°C. Click on Finish.
Defining the Base Thermal Condition
Create a New Profile for the Surface
Temperature at 0 Ma with 10°C.
In the dataset directory, open the file named
T_Surf.xlsx and copy the values of the L & T
columns.
In TemisFlow, select the Surface Temperature
profile at 0Ma in the data tree, right-click on the
first line of the table in the Array table and click
on paste.
As for the bottom condition, the conventional value
of 1333°C at the base of the Upper Mantle will be
used.
Save the editor and close it.
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Create a New Profile with Temperature at base
of upper mantle set to 1333°C at 0 Ma.
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Defining the Lithospheric model
Defining the Lithospheric model
The Lithospheric model can now be defined. In TemisFlow, the basement follows the
McKenzie model: it is split into three main units (Upper Crust, Lower Crust and Upper
Mantle), it is isopach (the overall thickness cannot vary through time) and rifting
events are defined thanks to beta factor profiles.
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As for the sedimentary part, lithologies and geometry through time have to be
defined.
Defining the Lithospheric model Lithologies
Double click on Lithospheric model in the Scenario Explorer.
Reach the CrossSection panel and switch to Lithologie mode by clicking on
.
Click on
and fill the layers with facies. To ease the drawing, you can doubleclick in a layer to apply the facies to the entire unit.
Upper Continental Crust
Lower Continental Crust
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Mantle
Defining a Rifting Event
In the CrossSection Panel right click on the age 130Ma.
Select Use as Crust Geometry Description.
However in the present model, the hypothesis is an isopach lithosphere at 130Ma and
a rifting between 130 and 90Ma . The age of description has to be changed to get a
forward rifting.
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Before this step the age of reference of riftings was 0Ma, it means that all the defined
rifting would have been backward.
Defining a Rifting Event
The rifting occurs between 130 and 90Ma and corresponds to the thinning of the
crust in the offshore part of the model.
Reach the Crust Model Definition Panel.
Right-click in the white space between the ages 130 and 125Ma.
Click on Insert Rifting Event.
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A rifting event is inserted and a Complement window opens.
Defining a Rifting Event
In the Complement window, change the age 130Ma to 90Ma.
Change the name of the rifting to Rifting 130.0-90.0 Ma.
Reach the Rifting panel.
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By default the geometric beta factor is set to 1. It can either be modified inside this
panel as a beta factor profile or it can be edited through the definition of the crust
geometry.
Importing the Crust Template
In the Study Explorer, right click > Import >
2D Section Template > Flat File.
Click Next and Browse inside the dataset.
Select the file Moho.txt and click Next.
Define the columns as the following
picture and Finish.
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Drag and drop the template in the
CrossSection.
Drawing the Basement Geometry
Open the Check All panel and tick Thickness model.
Reach now the CrossSection panel and select the age 90.0Ma.
Select at the top right the Rifting mode
and 90Ma.
and select then the rifting between 113
Select now the horizon corresponding to the base of the lower crust. The horizon is
highlighted in red.
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Use then Fit to Template
Drawing the Basement Geometry
The thinning of the Lower Crust is done. To apply the thinning to the upper crust,
switch back to Beta factor model.
Reach the Rifting panel and copy the table from the Lower Crust to the Upper Crust
table.
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Perform the Check all and save.
Building the Crust Through Time
From the Scenario Explorer, double-click on Crustal Grid Building
to create the crust. The wheel turns green to show that the crust
is properly built.
Right-click on the Crustal Grid Building section and select View with > Section
Viewer.
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Visualize the Sedimentary and the lithospheric model at the same time and
navigate through time thanks to the Time Player.
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Launching a Pressure-Temperature
Simulation
Launching a Pressure-Temperature Simulation
Now that the model is fully defined (all interesting sections and libraries are validated
with a green check), a first simulation can be launched.
This simulation will be a Pressure-Temperature simulation: it will allow us to estimate
the pressure and thermal regimes over the section and check its calibration at well
location.
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Water OverPressure (Mpa)
Setting the Simulation Parameters
Below Simulation & Results > Visco Simulations, double click on
Pelotas_Model_Visco. It opens the Activity Editor.
Click on Edit the simulation parameters. A new editor is opened which allows
defining the parameters for the simulations.
In Define Boundary Model Options, select Use Geogrid Data for the Surface
Temperature.
For the Bottom Conditions, use the scroll list to select Temperature at base upper
mantle. Select Use Geogrid Data and check that Advanced Basement is selected.
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Save the editor and close it.
Launching the Simulation
From the scenario explorer, click on the green arrow
to the right of Simulation & Results.
In the Workflow Launcher, define the local machine as the computing machine.
To do so, click on the Host column to specify the machine.
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Select only one processor to perform the job. Click on Execute.
Checking the Simulation Progress
Several possibilities allow checking
the simulation ongoing:
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● In the Scenario Explorer, the
status of the simulation
automatically changes from
Starting to Running to Completed.
● The Workflow Logs view is a
dedicated view where all the
information concerning the
currents job are listed while the
computation is running.
● At the end of the simulation, all
the results and the logs of the
simulation are stored below
Simulation & Resuslts > Visco
Simulation > JobName_Visco.
Visualizing the Results - Temperature
From the Scenario Explorer, expand Simulation & Results > Visco Simulation >
Pelotas_Model_Visco > Sediments. All the output properties are listed.
Right-click on Temperature and select Open with > Section Viewer.
Tick the option Hide Vertical Lines in the View Settings panel.
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Temperature (°C)
Visualizing the Results – Water Pressure
Any property can be drag and dropped from the Scenario to the viewer to be
visualized. Drag and drop the Water Pressure property to do so.
Bring as well the Water Over Pressure property.
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Water Pressure (MPa)
Extracting a Well Log
In the central overpressured area, select a cell by clicking on it.
NB: The extracted data can be exported to Excel with a right-click in the data tree on
the Over-pressure category and selection of Copy Log Track to Clipboard.
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Click on the Well Log (Log Viewer) icon in the right-hand side toolbar to extract
the water over-pressure log along the selected sedimentary column.
Visualizing the Results – Easy Ro
D&D the Easy Ro property into the Section Viewer.
If the color scale is not useful for the display, it can be
customized with a double click on it in the View
Settings tab.
In the colorscale edition wizard, tune the different
parameters in order to reach the same color scale as
the presented one. Click on Set As Default to always
use that colorscale when visualizing a Vitrinite
Reflectance property.
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Easy Ro (%)
Extracting a Burial Analysis
The same way we extracted a well log, we can extract a burial analysis, which consists
in the representation of a sedimentary column through time.
To do so, select a cell in the column you wish to extract and click on the New
Burial Analysis icon in the right-hand side toolbar.
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Select the Isolines & Isosurfaces drawing mode in the View Settings panel.
Filtering the Results
Reach now the Filters tab of the
Section Viewer.
We will use the filter capabilities to focus
only on the Source Rock layers.
From the Sediments grid, drag and
drop the Petroleum System property
in the Filtering by Discrete Properties
category. Only keep Source Rock
ticked.
NB: Several filters can be used in the same
time to constrain more precisely the
displayed cells.
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The displayed cells correspond to a source
rock.
Extracting a Cell History
Once the model is filtered, we can extract a Cell History which corresponds to the
evolution of a property within one cell through time. We will study the evolution
of the Vitrinite Reflectance within a given cell.
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Display the Easy Ro property, select one cell within the deepest Source Rock layer
and click on the Cell History icon
in the right-hand side toolbar.
Cross-Plotting Properties
Close the Section Viewer and select Easy Ro and
Temperature.
Right-click Open with > Cross Plot Viewer.
In the right bar of the cross plot, select the Filters
icon
to activate the filter capability.
Click on the Temperature property.
From the Sediments grid, drag and drop the
Petroleum System property in the Filtering by
Discrete Properties category. Only keep Source
Rock ticked.
The cross plot concerns only the cells containing a
kerogen.
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Resize with 1:1 in the right bar to focus on the data.
Checking the Simulation With Observed Data
From the Study Explorer, drag
and drop the Well_1 in
Object of Interest.
Expand Calibration Data >
Wells.
Right click on Well_1 and
select Compare observed
data with simulation results.
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In the newly opened wizard
keep all the default values
and click on Finish.
Checking the Simulation With Observed Data
The log viewer is opened and is displaying the
simulated values versus the observed data on
the tracks.
After checking the calibration close the log
viewer.
In the case of this training the model is
already calibrated to ease the workflow.
However the calibration workflow is explained
in the advanced 2D or in the calibration addon of the 3D training.
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Because the model is already calibrated, a
migration simulation can be launched
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Launching a Migration Simulation
Launching a Migration Simulation
As the model is well calibrated, we will launch a Full Darcy migration simulation in
order to localize the potential HC accumulations and have a first approximation of
their content.
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HC Liquid Saturation (%)
Creating a Scenario Child
To track our workflow, we will create a new scenario
where we will launch the migration simulation.
Reach the Scenario Tree View window.
Right click on the Pelotas_Model scenario and
select Create a Child.
Define the scenario name as
Pelotas_Model_Migration.
Click on OK.
From the scenario Pelotas_Model_Migration,
expand Simulation & Results > Visco Simulations.
Click on Edit the simulation parameters.
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Double click on Pelotas_Model_Migration_Visco.
Configuring the Migration Simulation
For the Define Boundary Model Options
section, the same parameters are kept.
In the section Define Fluid model options.
●
●
●
●
Tick Maturation.
Select the Compositional 3 Classes.
Select 3-Class Schema
Define Fully Implicit Darcy Flow as Migration
Scheme and tick PVT Model (Equation of
State).
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Save the editor and close it.
Launching the Migration Simulation
From the scenario explorer click on the green arrow.
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In the newly opened window, define the local machine for the computation with
only one processor. Click on Execute.
Identifying the Accumulations
From the Pelotas_Model_Migration scenario, expand Simulations and Results >
Visco Simulations > Pelotas_Model_Migration_Visco.
In the sediment grid, right-click on the HC Liquid Saturation property and select
Open with > Section Viewer.
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HC Liquid Saturation
Visualizing Simulation Results Through Time
HC Liquid Saturation
at 34Ma
HC Liquid Saturation
at 16Ma
HC Liquid Saturation
at 12Ma
HC Liquid Saturation
at Present Day
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Use the Time Player to display the HC Liquid Saturation through time.
Filtering the Results
Reach the Filters panel of the Cross
Section View.
Drag and drop the HC Liquid
Saturation property in the section
Filtering By Continuous Properties.
Define the lowest value of the
criteria as 40%.
In the section Filtering By Discrete
Properties, drag and drop the
property Petroleum System.
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Untick Source Rock.
Filtering the Results
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Drag and drop the FACIES property in the same
section and select only the facies Mixed
_Carbonate_Siliclastic, Limestone and Sandstone.
Reporting
In the tree of the Cross Section View click on Sediments.
On the right bar of the Cross Section View click on Launch Reporting
.
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Click Finish.
Reporting
The reporting is opened with different panels summarizing the results at present day.
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Navigate between each panel to get the values for different types of properties.
Getting Compositions
Reach the Compositional panel and right click
on the value of Total C1-C5 Mass.
Select Show All Composition.
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Right click on the same value and select Show Bar Chart.
Filling History
Go back to the Cross Section View and reset the filters by clicking on
of the filters used before.
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In the Section View, select the upper most reservoir and click on
launch a Cell History.
for each
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