Введение в технику перевода

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ISBN: 978-5-9765-0788-3
: 2009
: 216
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.
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.
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.
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1955
.
;
.
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.
.
.
1956
.
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.
.
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1958
-
(
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.
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.
.
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: God is with them!
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dissolved in gasoline. –
: The substance was
.
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,
:
1992 .
,
,
1992 .
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(
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«The Lower Depth»
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».
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.
«Live with Lighting» (
)
«
«Room at the Top» (
.
–«
,
»;
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».
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.
.
11.
».
,
1963
(
.
. 42–43).
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.
, . .
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.
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…
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:
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«Our Red Face Corner»
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»;
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,
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: ten,
twenty, Monday, January, oak.
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,
test
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:
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
– The test offered to the students contained several sentences for translation –
«
».
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Wall Street, Lady, lobby
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,
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.
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,
,
. .
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:
–
,
–
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,
«
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–
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–
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,
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»,
(
«
»,
.
«
, Henry III –
,
, William Shake-speare
.
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» whisky,
III,
; William III –
«
»); Charles I –
; James I –
.
.
.
III,
«
,
.
I,
I,
.
,
.
,
»
.
.
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(
«
).
»,
«
Lisboa,
«
Angeles
«
»,
.
1.
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
:«
»,
Los
«
».
,
»
»,
«
».
-
2.
,
, Venus –
: Semiramis –
.
3.
,
,
Cape de Bonne Esperance,
. Lorraine,
–
:
–
. Cape of Good Hope,
.
,
,
. Kap der Guten Hoffung.
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.
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,
.
: Hermann
.
.
,
:
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
;
.
,
.
,
.
,
«
»,
,
:
,
,
,
,
. .
.
(1)
[as]
« »
Hampshire –
–
, Hampstead –
« »:
, Ma-han –
, Bantry –
, Banf –
, Allan
.
(2)
[ ]
:
–
« »: Essex –
–
« »: –
–
, Elliot –
;
«e»: Henden –
(3)
[ ]
, Bunderan –
, Humber –
[ :]
.
, Huntly –
.
« »:
Surbiton –
(5)
, Betty –
« »:
Buckley –
(4)
;
, Bernard –
, Curme –
.
[ ]
:
Molton –
(6)
, Norstad –
[w]
–
[u]
« »: Wood –
, Worcester –
« »: Webster –
), West –
(7)
,
.
;
, William –
(
:
.
[h]
Hodson –
« »:
, Harrow –
.
« »:
.
[1]
Blackpool –
(9)
, Morton –
:
–
(8)
, Miller –
[]
« »:
, Look –
,
,
, Life –
,
.
,
« »:
,
Darwin –
(10)
, Ford –
, Baker –
[9]
Smith –
, Brown –
« »
« »:
, North Darley –
(11)
[ ]
, Truth –
« »
Rutherford –
.
.
«
»:
; Smith, Brothers & Co. –
,
.
: Bennet –
, Bess –
.
,
(
(
),
Valley
«
)
.
»
«
,
Deep
»,
(
.
. 4).
,
.
,
.
,
: Smith –
, Brown –
, Fairbanks –
, Brighton –
, Georgia –
, Woolwich –
.
.
1.
(
Black Sea –
,
),
, United States –
2.
: Red Sea –
,
.
,
: Fort Lea-venworth –
, Fort Knox –
.
3.
(
),
)
: Route Blue –
(
, Bonin Isles –
, Majorca Isle –
.
4.
,
Valley –
(
City –
,
.
: Deep
), Fountain Valley –
, Atlantic
.
,
),
,
:
(
Ingalls
Shipbuilding
Corporation
–
, General Dynamics –
,
Columbia Broadcasting System –
Motors Corporation –
, General
.
,
Daily Telegraph –
,
: The
, The Electrical Engineering –
Languages –
, Modern
.
,
«
,
,
» – The Red Star.
,
,
(
»): Queen Elizabeth –
Bedford Square –
(
.
), Downing Street –
,
,
,
,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
«
,
,
»
, The Red Square –
.
,
,
: ulitsa, prospect, proezd,
etc.
: Liberal Party –
, House of Commons –
, Security Council –
Labour Party
;
,
.
,
: Scotland Yard –
, Intellingence Service –
.
,
,
,
:
(
–
.
.
),
(
:
: Cape of Good Hope –
–
: Midway –
),
, Lake Superior –
, Newfoundland –
;
.
,
,
: Salt Lake City –
, West Palm Beach –
.
,
,
,
: North Dakota –
, South Saskatchewan –
.
: New Mexico –
Yarmouth –
-
, Great
.
,
–
: Pacific Ocean –
, Gulf of Mexico –
, Hudson Day
.
.
,
,
,
, Kansas City –
: Fleet Street –
-
.
,
: Black Hills –
, Holly Lock –
.
,
,
.
,
: Park Lane –
, Yellow Valley –
Newsweek reports –
«
;
», Yesterday in Florida –
.
2.
–
–
(
)
.
,
.
superpower
«
«
».
», mass culture
,
«
», green revolution
: first-strike weapon –
, Rapid Deployment Force –
,
. .
3.
–
,
,
.
,
(
)
.
.
.
,
(
)
.
He was at the ceremony. –
«
:
.
» (was)
«
».
At seven o'clock an excellent meal was served in the dining room. –
.
,
«meal»,
,
«
»
,
«
»).
.
,
,
,
. .
,
.
,
:
He visits me practically every week-end. –
.
,
,
»,
«
»
,
«
–
,
».
«
»–
(Sunday, Monday, etc.),
.
,
:
Jane used to drive to market with her mother in their La Salle convertible. –
.
,
,
«La Salle convertible»,
«
».
.
,
,
,
.
:
I don't blame them. –
.
:
,
.
He always made you say everything twice. –
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
.
4.
,
,
,
)
.
,
,
,
,
:
The Pentagon fears that the London talks may end in a ban of the H-Bomb. –
–
.
)
(
,
.
5.
–
,
.
,
,
,
.
(1)
:
coil gradient –
;
hydraulic water –
,
;
energy factor –
.
,
,
.
«
»
,
,
(2)
.
–
:
he sat in shortsleeves –
(
take it easy –
);
;
to sit up late –
.
(3)
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
Never trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. –
crying over spilt milk. –
,
.
Newcastle. –
. It's no use
,
. To carry coal to
. Paddle your own cannoo. –
.
Curiosity killed the cat. –
.
. Better save than sorry. –
(
.
«
»).
He is a-fishing,
« »
ing-
continious
.
« »:
.
:
.
-
,
,
–
,
,
.
:
,
,
.
–
,
,
.
,
,
: Mr Turner NOT lived here IN last year.
–
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
right – righten,
ripe – ripen
– rectify
per day, per month, per year,
set right;
per annum, per person
a day, a month, a year.
,
«
»
«
».
,
«
,
,
(
)
»
,
.
«
»
,
,
.
«
,
»
,
«
,
–
»,
«
.
».
(«
(«
») –
»)
.
,
,
.
«22
,
»
,
,
»
«22
,
»
.
: On the 22nd of June, when the Nazis
attacked his homeland, he joined the (fighting) army.
,
)
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
. .
,
.
,
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
–
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
,–
.
.
,
,
10 %
, . .
.
(
)
.
,
,
«
»,
.
«
»,
», «
», «
«
», «
»;
unit
,
»,
»;
security
«
armor – «
»,
», «
command
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
:
–
,
(analyst, rotary, missileer);
(nuclearpowered, warhead, hard-fought);
(to table, to officer);
(copter, chute,
radar);
–
,
(Diesel –
; Pentagon –
,
,
(acquisition –
«
»),
),
»,
(to land –
«
«
«
», «
»,
»,
(cruiser –
«
),
»,
,
»);
–
(pin, strut),
(bunker, to strafe, Blitzkrieg –
point –
, aide de camp –
, inhabited
. .).
,
,
.
,
–
,
.
.
1.
,
,
,
: field hospital –
, recoil brake –
.
.
:
)
,
(
, general –
,
, computer –
.
),
: army –
);
)
,
,
: rifle –
, company –
)
;
,
,
,
,
: recoil brake –
, antitank artillery –
;
)
,
,
: field equipment –
mine detector –
2.
, flame thrower –
,
.
,
,
,
,
: National Guard –
, Territorial Army –
,
.
: classified information –
,
articles of war –
fire base –
,
.
,
,
.
3.
,
,
,
: alert hangar –
.
,
,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
:
)
,
: ground time –
, field study –
, attack problem –
;
)
,
: general staff –
, first lieutenant –
tactical air command –
;
)
,
)
: master sergeant –
,
, Texas tower –
)
,
;
: chief master sergeant –
-
;
,
: ensign –
)
, captain –
,
,
, commander –
: warrant officer –
;
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
–
,
.
,
.
;
,
battalion
«
»
section
,«
«
»
»
,
«
»
»
,
–«
»
,
.
.
, defense
», «
«
», «
»,
»,
defenses – «
stores – «
», «
»; store –
», «
».
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
noncommissioned officers
«
»
,
.
«
»,
,
,
,
.
.
warrant officer
«
,
».
,
«
,
»,
,
,
«
)
«
» (
),
»(
-
Portepeeunteroffizier, Deckoffizier,
» («
»).
:
,
.
armored cavalry,
«
».
.
,
.
»,
armored cavalry.
,
(
,
,
.
«
»,
,
«
«
»
military academy
«
», «
general staff
»,
general staff.
»,
),
»,
ammunition – «
»,
».
(
.
,
:
,
,
»,
«
«
«
(
»;
)
,
secret
»,
«
».
«
»,
«
secret
«
«
,
top secret
»;
confidential
)
»
top
».
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
(
.
).
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
–
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
«
».
,
,
,
),
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
:
,
,
, . .
;
,
.
,
–
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
, . .
.
.
,
,
.
warfare (
: CBR agent (
); CBR
); area comm system (
area (
); div rear
); div trans off (
).
-,
,
: intelligence officer –
-,
–
, interplanetary ballistic missile –
, high-velocity aircraft rocket –
, high-velocity armor-piercing tracer-projectile –
. .
,
,
.
(in-
the-clear message –
(landing craft, force flagship –
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
;
.
)
).
.
1.
.
–
; pre-packaged liquid propellant –
: mobile cargo platform
; fast-moving situation –
; twin-eyed optical system –
.
,
,
.
2.
.
: ser-vice battery ammunition section –
; heavy mortar platoon fire direc-tion center –
.
:
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
transport aviation.
long-range
– «
»,
.
,
.
«
».
:
.
3.
«
+
+
blackout road march –
».
:
; terminal homing device –
.
,
.
4.
.
field artillery battalion –
: air-transported
,
infantry squad –
,
5.
; eight-man
.
.
: high performance external aircraft gun –
,
; tank heavy task force –
.
.
.
,
,
-
.
,
limited war capability
war
limited + war,
capability.
1. limited + war capability =
2. limited war + capability =
war +
:
;
.
.
1.
,
,
,
.
2.
.
.
,
.
3.
,
.
4.
.
,
division artillery headquarters battery target acquisition platoon.
platoon –
.
,
.
–
,
,
:
1. division artillery –
;
2. headquarters battery –
;
3. target acquisition –
.
,
:«
».
: Infantry battalion segregated combat operations.
:
1. operations –
;
2. infantry battalion –
;
3. segregated –
(
,
);
4. combat –
.
: «
».
,
.
:
I. Aircraft gas turbine combustion chamber.
1. chamber –
2. aircraft –
;
3. gas turbine –
4. combustion –
)
:«
II. Newest deep sea current measuring device.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
».
1. device –
,
2. newest –
3. deep –
,
4. sea current –
5. measuring –
,
(
)
:«
».
,
(
)
,
(
)
,
,
,
.
(
)
,
,
.
:
,
,
;
;
;
.
M60A1 tank –
:
60 1
Sergeant missile –
«
»
XC-124A VSTOL –
-124
UH-1H Huey Cobra –
helicopter «
M109 SP howitzer, – 155-
109 caliber 155-mm
US Little John rocket –
» UH-1H
«
»
M56 SP 90-mm AT gun – 90-
56
5-inch, 54 caliber gun – 127-
54
(690
1
. .
,
690
)
127
54 = 6858
,
.
,
,
:
the Falcon –
«
the M113 –
113
»
the XM551 General Sheridan –
«
551
the AN/TRC-20 –
,
AN/TRC-20
,
:
»
rifle, automatic, cal. 30, Browning, M 1918 A2 –
«
»
1918 .
7,62
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
(
,
,
,
,
–
)
.
,
:
.
,
,
.
203,2-
:
– 8-inch howitzer; 11,44-
«
» – Colt.45 automatic pistol.
,
.
,
,
,
: 16,783,000.
,
,
16.75 (
.) = 16,75 (
,
.); 0.607
.
.607 (
.) = 0,607 (
:
.).
,
,
,
,
,
. .
,
.
,
,
,
).
.
,
.
(
)
1
,
(long ton) = 1016,047
1
,
(short ton) = 907,185
1
(pound, lb) = 453,593
1
(ounce, oz) = 28,349
1
.
1
.
1
1
1
(cubic foot) = 0,028
(cubic inch) = 16,387
.
(US pint) = 0,473
(US gallon) = 3,785
1
(US bushel) = 35,236
(nautical mile) = 1853,2
1
1
.
(statute mile) = 1609,2
(yard) = 0,9144
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
1
(foot) = 0,305
1
(inch) = 2,539
30 in = 7,62
.
303 in = 7,69
.
45 in = 11,43
.
50 in = 12,7
2.36 in = 60,0
3.5 in = 88,9
4.2 in = 106,7
8 in = 203,2
.
1. «Yet» –
«
»: He has not come yet. –
.
«
not come. –
»: Yet he has
.
2. «However» –
«
»,
»: The purpose of this clause is to conclude all discussions by a fixed date, however important
the bills. –
–
,
,
.
3.
«the»
«
…,
…»:
The more machines we have, the easier will be the work, the shorter will be the working day. –
,
4. «As»
,
«
.
»,
«
received, is weighed and graded. –
.
,
«as»
«
room… –
»: The raw material, as
,
,
»
«
»: As
entered the
.
«As»
«
,
»: As the purchasing power of the population is rapidly
declining war production is increasing. –
,
.
«as»
,
«
.
», «
.
»: The
difference between the two standpoints is as great as the difference between the handwork and the
machine. –
,
.
«as»: as well as –
as –
, as far as, insofar as –
5. «But»
, as to, as far as. concerned –
, as soon
.
.
«
».
–
«
»: I have got but a few books on this subject. –
.
–
«
–
«
»: He is but a boy. –
», «
.
»: All of us but a few have come to this conclusion. –
,
.
«but for»
«
», «
movement… –
are
»: But for the support of all
.
«anything but»
conditions
,
anything
«
but
,
,
.»: Your demands under these
just. –
,
6. «Where»
.
«
,
»: Where the youngsters may make a slip, the old-
timers will put the things straight. –
,
,
.
7. «Which»
»: The Green Movement is developing in America apace with Europe which is not without causing
much trouble to certain circles. –
,
,
.
8. «Whether»
«
…»: Whether young or old, whether strong or weak,
whether party or nonparty, every man must struggle. –
,
,
.
«Whether»
«
»: No control, whether political or economic, must be exercised
over Japan once treaty is signed. –
,
,
.
9. «Now… now…»
« …,
,
…»: Now he sank in the waves, now he appeared again. –
.
10. «Either»
«or»
«
», «
on either side of the river. –
«Either»
.
«
?–
»: Which book would you like? – Either. –
.
11. «Neither»
», «
»: The troops stood
«nor»
«
»
«
»,
»: There are no safety first measures at the plant. No railings; nothing. Neither do the
bosses want to do anything. –
.
.
,
.
«Neither»
«
,
»: Which book of the two would you like? – Neither? –
?–
,
.
«nor»
,
« »: The question is not mentioned. Nor the Geneva Conference
discussed the problem of the Far East. –
;
.
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
–
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
1.
.
.
.
(1) The Soviet Army outgeneraled, outfought, and outmaneu-vered the Germans.
«out»
«
», «
», «
:«
»,
. .
.
,
,
».
(2) These two actresses co-star in the new film.
».
«
–"
«
», «to star» –
:«
».
(3)
«over»
«under»,
: The airplane is overmanned. –
(4)
«ee – "
.
,
, deportee –
, refugee –
, draftee –
(5)
.
«pre»
: payee –
, boardee –
,
.
«post»
«
»
«
»: pre-ban –
, post-banned –
, pre-nationalized –
.
2.
,
.
. .
,
.
:
The river is bridged in two places. –
.
Prices for farmers produce are nose-driving. The farmers will be ruined. –
.
.
They were wined and dined. –
.
The building houses a hospital. –
(
«
»).
This building temporally houses a hospital. –
.
This building now houses a hospital –
3.
.
: prep – preparatory school, doc – doctor, d –
editor, gyms – gymnastics, etc.
,
,
,
,
.
4.
: camelry –
,
cavalry –
(musket –
.
, rocketry, missilery –
); gaseteria –
, musketry –
,
cafeteria –
5.
,
,
.
. .
,
,
«minded»
,
,
-
:
air-minded –
;
world-minded –
;
dieselized railway –
,
;
America-sponsored proposal –
,
;
British-officered troops –
.
.
,
«
»
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
(
,
,
,
)
,
.
,
,
,
–
,
.
«
,
»,
.
,
,
–
«
–
»
,
,
,
«
»
»,
,
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
«
»
«
,
,
,
»
«
:
,
,
,
»
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
. .
. .
,
,
,
,
.
«
».
,
.
,
,
(
,
)
(
),
,
,
,
(
«
,
»),
(
)
,
(
),
,
(
)
(
).
, (1)
(
,
,–
,
); (2)
,
,
(
–
–
–
,
–
); (3)
(
,
,
–
–
); (4)
(
–
–
,
); (5)
(
«
», «
,
).
»
«
–
«
»
».
(
.
,
)
,
80 %.
,
(
.
)
,
(
),
–
,
.
,
Tactical Air Navigation Aid (
.
–
,
,
Ultra-High Frequency
»)
(
) TACAN.
,
6
.
:
Carrier qualification landings are completed. Time of arrival at the Guantanamo bay in Cuba is estimated
at 2 p.m. Greenwich Civil Time on the 3d of September. –
.
,
,3
14.00
.
30 %:
Carrier qualification landings completed. Estimated time of arrival at Guantanamo bay Cuba 03 instant
1400 GMT.
(CARQUALS – carrier qualification landings, ETA – estimated
time of arrival, GTMO – Quantanamo bay Cuba),
80 %: CARQUALS COMPLETED ETA GTMO 031400Z.
,
,
,
(
, AR 320-50 Military Terms,
Abbreviations, and Symbols. Authorized abbreviations and brevity Codes, HQ, DA, Washington, D.C.),
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
CINCPACFLT (Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Fleet –
)
,
MISER – [Microwave Space Electronic Relay (Project) –
]
,
,
Routine) –
MISER (Manned Interceptor SAGE Evaluation
«
»
-
,
MISER [Microwave Space Electronic relay (System)] –
-,
– Jy (July –
-,
«
-,
–
),
».
.
:
– RJ (Road Junction –
),
– TAC (Tactical Air Command –
),
– FIBA (Forward Edge of the Battle Area –
),
– LACAS (Low Altitude Close Air Support –
).
.
-,
–
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
: FA – Field Artillery (
).
:
), «(
,
»
sub –
submarine –
, radome = radar + dome –
)
.
./
.
).
,
«em» dzi: ] – machine gun (
: MG [
); MP ['em'pi: ] – military police (
).
,
,
: FEBA [jfi: bar] – Forward Edge of the Battle
,
Area.
,
.
,
,
prim),
:
(company – Co –
(attach – atch –
),
),
(prima-ry –
(SW – southwest),
(w/o – without)
,
. .,
:
,
(&)
,
.
,
,
,
,
,«
,
»
.
,
,
,
. .
(Bns –
(Co's –
attacks –
,
),
(atcks –
; atcked –
,
,
),
),
(the Cdr – commander –
).
,
,
.
–
,
Military Police
, Women's Army Corps –
,
: a MP –
, a WAC –
;
radio detection and ranging –
, light amplification by stimulated emission of
radiation –
–
,
,
–
: radar –
, laser –
,
.
,
.
60
,« »–
,
40, «
« »
»–
20
. .
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
–
. .
,
,
,
.
:
1)
: Arty Bn (Arty – artillery, Bn – battalion) –
; Inf Co (Inf – infantry, Co – company) –
2)
;
: BATRECON (BAT – battle, RECON – reconnaissance) –
; NUCWPN (NUC – nuclear, WPN – weapon) –
OPORD (OP – operation, ORD – order) –
;
;
3)
,
: WpnTraCen
(Wpn – weapon, Tra – training, Cen – Center) –
; PhotoRon (Photo –
photographic, Ron – squad-ron) –
; MoGas (Mo – motor, Gas –
gasoline) –
; Mo-PhotoU (Mo – mobile, Photo – photographic, U – unit) –
;
4)
,
: US (United States) –
(United
States
Air
Force) –
;
,
CINC
,
; USAF
(commander-in-chief) –
. ., –
,
: USAC (United States Army Corps) –
;
USEUCOM (United States European
Command) –
; USCINCEUR (United States Commander-in-Chief, Europe) –
;
5)
: LANT – atlantic, Ron –
squadron, phib – amphibian, etc; LANTCOM (Atlantic Command) –
; PhibComd (Amphibious Command) –
;
USAFLANT (United States Air Forces Atlantic) –
;
6)
: ISCO-MAZORES (Island Commander, Azores) –
; ISCOMICELAND (Island Commander, Iceland) –
.
.
.
)
.
.
, UT (Underwater, Training –
)
)
UT.
.
,
SEATO (South-East Asia Treaty Organization –
)
)
,
.
, BAT (Battalion Antitank)
)
.
)
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
.
,
«
».
CIC (Counterintelligence Center –
.
)
,
.
Forces, Central Europe)
, ALFCE (Allied Land
«
-
».
)
.
, CAGE (Canada Automatic Ground Environment)
«
«
)
,
»».
,
, CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)
»
–
.
«
.
,
,
,
.
(
)
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
:C–
,
C^47A
–
, 47 –
.
( ),
–
;
( ),
); YF-12A –
(Y),
(571),
(F),
); ZREM-13B –
(12),
(Z),
(R),
( ),
( ),
( ); AN/VRC-12A –
(R),
(AN),
( ),
(
,
-571 –
(13),
,
(V),
(12),
( ).
)
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
–
, Y –
–
,
,
–
, D –
,U–
, Z –
–
,F–
,
–
,
,
–
–
, R –
.
.
, 20O|A250O+ – two thousand scattered, pilot reports ceiling two five thousand overcast (2000
,
2500
:
), 5O|W15X – five hundred scattered, indefinite ceiling, one five
hundred, sky obscured (500
, 1500
,
).
.
(
),
,
.
,
,
,
70–80 %.
«
,
»
100
70–80
.
85 %.
96 %.
,
.
,
,
,
200 000
6407
,
3895
.
,
,
,
200 000
10 582
7160
,
.
,
(
)
;
,
.
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
–
–
,
,
,
.
,
:
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
:
1.
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
;
2.
,
,
;
3.
,
4.
;
,
;
5.
,
. .
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
(
)
(
.
,
)
,
.
.
–
,
,
,
: control –
,
; contact –
; diagram –
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
-
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
(1)
.
code point –
:
; colour correction –
; bionic computer –
.
(2)
,
,
«
.
,
,
, meeting
,
»
«
.
»,
record
«
,
,
«
.».
«
,
,
nation –
«
,
,
,
«
,
»
(4)
,
«
«correspondence –
«
;
auditorium
–
,
»,
.
.
«
,
».
(3)
; 2.
»,
»
: 1.
,
.
».
audience.
,
.
,
»,
»,
«
».
,
»,
«
,
,
.
(5)
,
decade – (
.)
;
;
:
– intelligence – (
– replica – (
.)
.)
;
–
– prospect – (
.)
.
»
,
, . .
,
,
.
,
«
,
»(
– faux amis du traducteur).
1928 .
.
.
.
,
,
.
»
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
positive
,
«
,
»
«
,
»
.
I have been in a positive state of excitement – «
»
positive
«
»
«
».
,
,
,
,
,
.
»
:
,
,
.
,
.
,
(
,
),
:
,
,
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
,
,
.
.
article – «
»
,
bar
«
«
,
,
»
,
»).
,
«compass»
,
,
.
,
;
,
safe
.
.
,
.
.
(«
»)
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
«
»
,
.
»
,
,
,
.
,
.
–
, . .
,
:
,
–
,
–
,
–
,
–
.
,
,
–
,
–
:
–
.
«
».
.
«
»,
«
,
: humanity (
. act of humanity)
»; economical –
(economical car),
economic –
(economic system).
,
,
,
.
:
,
–
–
,
,
–
–
,
–
,
–
,
–
–
,
–
,
. .,
»–«
»
: «
. .
,
,
.
–
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
–
:
.
All things considered –
It is all to the good –
Cast-iron will –
Armed to the teeth –
Castles of Spain, castles in the air –
To cut a long story short –
To draw a veil over –
Happy solution –
To have a finger in the pie –
The heart of a matter –
In a nutshell –
,
An irreparable loss –
.
.
,
,
–
(
.
),
–
,
.
(
,
–
)
,
,
,
,
.
.) –
.
,
.
(
)
,
.
;
,
: horse (
.
Galot – (1)
; (2)
.) – «
,
; mouse (
.) – «
»,
;
; rat
».
.
nuts! the nets! –
: nuts! nerts! nertz! –
!
!
!
!
. .,
: the
!
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
: «
,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
.
,
,
.
:«
,
,
!?»
,
,
,
)–
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
:
(1)
,
,
. .
: to cross the Rubicon –
, to shed the crocodile tears –
, sword of Damocles –
, the Trojan horse –
.
, the bitter trooth –
the lines –
,
, to read between
: grass widow –
that lays the golden eggs –
, to kill the goose
,
, to fish in troubled waters –
, proud horse –
.
(2)
(
),
; to pull foot – «
eye –
: to cast a glance –
, to play with fire –
;
bones –
.
: to work one's fingers to the
»(
), to hit the bird in the
, to catch somebody red-handed –
make a horse laugh –
(3)
, enough to
.
,
: to keep a dog and bark oneself –
must have good memory –
, liars
, love me, love my dog –
;
(4)
,
,
,
cupboard / closet –
,
.
: horse and foot –
,
,
.
; a skeleton in the
,
.
,
.
,
,
to carry coal to Newcastle (
«
»;
)
what will Mrs. Grundy say?
«
?»
.
,
,
«
«
»
».
«
».
,
,
.
He will not set the Thames on fire –
.
To fight like Kinlkenny cats –
Queen Ann is dead –
,
.
.
:
To dine with Duke Humphrey –
,
.
,
,
(
).
,
,
.
:
To keep a dog and bark oneself –
,
,
; tove me, love my dog –
.
–
«
», «
»
–
.
,
.
:
1.
to lift fire –
, to shift fire –
, to hold a position –
, to hold the enemy in position –
, to provide protection –
.
,
,
,
.
.
: to get into close contact –
, to provide a
perimeter of wire –
.
2.
,
.
: no joy –
, my feet are dry –
, mayday –
.
3.
.
FACE! –
: Eyes LEFT! –
!; Arms, PORT! –
!; First Company, FORWARD! –
,
; General Alarm –
; Target seen –
4.
!; Gas Reconnaissance –
; Target does not develop –
.
,
,
,
,
.
, be quick on the draw –
, hung-to –
sawmill –
!; Right,
,
, have sand in one's hair –
, grind organ –
, rattler –
: half battle –
,
,
, rattening –
(situation normal, all fould up) –
, snafu
–
.
.
choose – «
, the war depends on which we
»
heads «
»
tails «
»(
. heads or tails – «
,
»):
The Lord gave us two ends to use: One to sit with, one to think with. The war depends on which we
choose: Heads – we win, tails – we loose.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
.
,
,
.
(
,
),
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
:
–
: We are searching for talent everywhere. –
.
,
.
–
.
: He is a poor swimmer (
(
). It's our hope (
Friday. –
(
). –
), that an agreement will have been reached by
),
. Australian
) property was followed by a slump. –
)
.
,
.
–
,
: Visitors are requested to leave their coats in the cloak-room. –
(
). The last week saw an intensification of diplomatic activity. –
,
(
). The little town of Clay Cross witnessed a massive demonstration. –
(
).
–
:
)
(It was so dark that I could not see her. –
);
)
(While I was eating my eggs,
these two nuns came in. –
,
);
)
(I didn't
sleep too long, because I think it was only around ten o'clock when I woke up. I felt pretty hungry as soon
as I had a cigarette. –
,
,
,
);
.
)
(It was as hot as hell and the windows were all steamy. –
,
. Had the decision been taken in time, this would never have happened. –
,
–
).
,
,
: The work had
been done, everybody felt a great relief. –
,
(
).
.
.
,
,
,
;
,
,
, . .
,
,
.
, . .
,
.
,
,
,
: A lecture on history was delivered at our club yesterday. –
.
: He was sent to London. –
;
: I took my dinner. –
.
.
,
,
.
I saw him yesterday. –
.
:
.
,
:
There are six ships in the harbour. –
.
.
:
To cut the matter short he was hard up and could not get rid of his debtors. –
,
,
.
–
,
,
.
:
The harbour was crowded with many ships of different nationalities, some of them lying alongside, others
loading coal from barges, and no one in the port expected a hurricane to break out so suddenly and with
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
such unusual ferocity. –
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
.
(
.),
,
,
,
,
(
,
,
).
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
.
(
,
),
,
.
–
,
.
1.
,
:
The battalion was assigned the mission to launch an attack at 010315 January. –
1
3.15.
The primary position was prepared by the battery. –
.
2.
–
,–
:
Guideposts are set to point out the way. –
.
Range is determined by means of calibration rings. –
.
3.
,
:
Field fortifications are built of stone, wood, and all other available natural materials. –
,
.
4.
:
Infra-red devices have been much written about. –
.
The rate of reaction is influenced by many factors. –
.
5.
:
Strong points are considered by the Americans to be the bulk of modern defense. –
,
.
6.
,
. .
,
:
The M48M2 tank is powered by a 12-cylinder engine. –
48 2
12-
.
This vehicle is created with a fording ability of 2.2 meters. –
2,2
.
:
In large-scale operations corps and army engineer units are assigned the heavier tasks. –
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
.
1.
:
The division prepares fire plans to support the scheme of defense. –
.
The aperture to show the reading is on the left side of the apparatus. –
.
2.
:
The mission of our unit is to seize he assigned objective. –
.
The purpose of this device is to provide better training of personnel. –
–
.
3.
:
Oxygen is known to be colorless. –
,
The enemy is reported to be moving to Hill X. –
.
,
».
Build-up areas are not supposed to have significant effect on the blast wave. –
,
.
4.
:
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
The wire to connect the terminals is 10 meters long. –
./
,
,
, – 10
5.
,
10
.
:
Mobility and dispersion are the factors to influence modern nuclear combat. –
,
.
6.
:
The patrol watched the enemy one company strong leave his positions. –
,
.
7.
:
To destroy the enemy resistance nuclear weapons will be employed. –
,
.
,
.
.
1.
:
A new system for designating and naming military rockets and missiles has recently been announced. –
.
Testing is in high gear. –
2.
.
:
The attacking units will continue moving widely separated until near the enemy. –
.
A grenade launcher capable of tossing 24 grenades at once has been developed. –
,
3.
24
.
:
The enemy surrendered without making a single attempt to counterattack. –
,
.
An aircraft cannot land without reducing its speed. –
,
.
By exploiting air movement the ground combat forces may achieve an optimum mobility. –
,
4.
.
:
They insist on the equipment being carried by some other means of transportation. –
,
.
In the event of the data being fallen into enemy hands, the code will be periodically changed. –
,
.
,
,
.
1.
:
They automatically steer themselves toward the attacking enemy fighters. –
.
Transmitting antennas will be carried separately. –
2.
.
:
Missiles used to hamper the operation of radar installations are termed «antiradar missiles». –
,
,
».
Missiles launched upon approaching targets for diversionary purposes are called «diversionary
missiles». –
,
,
».
when, while, if, until, unless
.
,
When flowing through a conductor, the current heats it
:
–
:
,
.
–
:
,
.
–
:
.
,
(
)
conductor,
when flowing through a
– while flowing through a conductor.
3.
:
Having assembled the device, one should check its operation. –
,
.
4.
:
NORAD is equipped with several types of interceptors the latest models being the allweather interceptors
F-94C, F-102, and F-104A. –
,
F-94C, F-102 b F-104A.
The thrust being greater than the drag, the aircraft speed will increase. –
,
.
.
,
,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
.
–
:
: 80th FA Bn; GS; Comm, ln fire to % aval sup rate to
,
50th FA Bn.
: 80th FA Bn: [render] GS; [establish] comm. [and] ln [with and answer calls
–
for] fire to % aval sup rate to 50th FA Bn.
: 80th field artillery battalion will render general support; establish communication and
–
liaison with and answer calls for fire to % available supply rate to 50th field artillery battalion.
–
: 80-
,
50,
%
(
).
,
,
.
,
,
(«
,
», «
», «
.
,
wilco
»)
«I will comply with your instructions» («
»)
will comply,
wilco.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
tained in your message 180716Z» («
«This answers request con,
18-
»),
07.16
,
75 %:
your 180716Z.
,
.
,
send
«request following items of ammunition»
furnish,
80 %.
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
(
.
)
.
,
.
,
,
(
).
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
. .
.
:
There was not an organ in his body that had not been drugged and derogated, dusted and dredged,
fingered and photographed, removed, plundered and replaced.
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
:
,
,
,
,
».
,
,
,
(
)
).
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
. .,
: «
,
».
,
,
–
«
»
,
,
:
Some of this idle, shallow writing belongs to fuzzy French dreamers, some to pushing American wheelerdealers.
,
:
Two men, one with thin black hair and the other with luxurious red mop, stood side by side, like day and
night. The red was smiling ready to see the funny side of danger, the black, with his wry face and triangle
eyebrows, was the embodiment of despair. –
,
,
,
,
.
,
;
,
,
.
.
.
1.
:
–
,
–
;
,
;
–
–
,
,
,
,
, «
,
»,
,
,
;
–
. 2.
:
–
;
–
;
–
;
–
;
–
.
,
.
1.
,
.
2.
,
)
:
;
,
)
.
,
«L»,
«D»,
–
–
«S».
«DILOSE»,
:
«D»,
–
–
«LO»,
«SE».
3.
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
:
Speech – thoughtless, voluble, angry, goodly, copious, long, stirring, maiden, gracious, heartless,
chanting, etc.,
145
.
,
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
:
(
,
,
,
,
,
. .),
,
,
-
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
:
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
;
.
.
1.
.
(
,
,
–
.
),
–
.
. GIDDINGS R.L. Secret Weapons.
,
,
,
.
.
:
.[
]. WESTMORELAND W.C. An Army Taking Stock in a Changing Society.
2.
,
.
,
,
.
(
),
,
.
.
.
,
First published 1972, Reprinted 1973, 1974,
1974 .,
,
«S, Sine anno).
,
,
,
(
,
.
)
(
).
:
.
. GIDDINGS R.L. Secret Weapons «Military Review," vol. XLIX, No.
1, 1969.
. Mass Media Forces in our Society. Ed. Francis
and Ludmila Voelker. N. Y., Hareourt Brace Jovanovich Inc., 1972.
3.
(
(
,
)
,
).
.
.
:
.
. LUTTWAKE E. A Dictionary of Modern
War. N.Y., Harpet & Row Publ., 1971. 224 p., illustr. (
.,
.
.
).
. GRAVER B.D., HOILE K.J. Military Texts. English
Studies Series 5. London, Oxford Univ. Press, 1967. 249 . (
.
).
–
. AMOS A.R. Simulation:
the Bridge between Theory and Practice. «Infantry," vol. LXII,
No. 2, 1972, pp. 12–15, illustr. (
).
,
,
(
)
,
.
,
,
,
.
(
,
)
,
.
.
.
.
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
.
:
–
;
–
(
–
,
,
,
. .);
,
(
,
,
,
);
–
,
(
,
,
. .);
–
(
–
,
);
.
,
,
.
– 400–600
, . .
10
.
:
1)
. .
.
,
.
KING W.R. The All-Volunteer Armed Forces. Status, Prospects, and Alternatives. «Military Review», vol.
LVII, No. 9, 1977, pp. 3–5. Bibliogr.: p. 15 (
.
).
,
,
,
.
,
.
1981 .
.
,
,
,
2)
.
.
. Davis W.C. The Battle at Bull Run. Berkly, Calif., Doublay & Co.,
1977, 298 p. Bibliogr. pp. 295–298, illustr. (
).
.
(16–22.6.1861).
.
,
.
.
.
:
.,
.
–
. BYRNE E.M. Military Law. Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Md., 1976, 745
,
.
1970 .
.
.
,
,
.
.
.
,
.
.
(
)
.
.
,
,
.
,
.
–
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
,
,
.
.
,
,
.
–
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
.
.
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
.
)
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
(
.)
(
,
),
.
,
(
),
.
,
,
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
,
)
(
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
(20–30
)
.
(
)
.
,
,
. .).
,
.
(1)
,
.
( . .
)
,
.
(2)
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
.
.
,
,
,
,
(
,
).
.
: ( )
, . .
(
)
; ( )
, . .
.
(3)
,
,
.
.
(4)
,
. .
,
.
,
.
:
)
; ( )
,
,
;( )
;()
;( )
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
. STEWART W. Fortifications in the Theater of
Operations. «MilitaryRe-view», vol. XLIX, No. 5, 1969, pp. 35–40, illustr. (
–
).
,
,
.
(
)
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
,
.
.
,
,
,
.
,
.(
:
.
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
)
,
,
.
1.
,
2.
.
,
.
,
.
.
3.
.
4.
.
5.
.
6.
,
7.
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
–
,
.
,
.
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
.
«
»
.
,
,
,
,
,
-
.
,
,
,
,
(
),
International
Standard Organization (
),
(
),
,
,
;
;
,
;
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
.
,
,
,
. .
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
,
.
1.
21
99
,
.
:
twenty-one persons one-hundred-and-first
: twenty one persons, one hundred and first).
2.
«
», «
», «
», «
»
:
two hundred four million (billion)
: two hundreds four millions (billions)).
3.
,
,
,
,
1
Two lamps …
: 2 lamps …).
4.
(
):
Two 50 Wlamps
: 2 50 W lamps; or two fifty watt lamps).
5.
,
(
: 2 000
: 2, 000).
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
– 2000)
10:
6.
,
–
:
: 2,17
: 2.17
7.
,
,
:
: 5,000
: 5.000
8.
:
0,5
:.5)
9.
«
«people»
:2
.
: 2 000 people
2 000 men)
10.
:
: $ 50 000 million (
: 50 000 million $ or $ 50, 000 million)
: 50
1.
:
: 5 , 12 V
5 , 12V).
2.
:
: 10
: 10 .).
:
3.
10
( )
.
:
»,
: 35 °C
: 35 °C).
1.
,
)
–
:
,
–
–
,
–
–
,
(468.843) –
,
2.
–
(164 842);
–
(844,346,218) –
.
:
,
,
–
–
(44 36; 28
–
–
18);
(94. 33);
,
–
3.
–
;
(74
28).
:
,
–
,
–
,
,
(0,02);
,
–
;
(.05).
4.
–
:
,
–
,
,
–
–
5.
–
,
(89: 14);
(57 13).
:
–
= (24: 6 = 4: 1);
–
–
:: (12 + 3:: 24 + 6).
:
: 468.843 (
844,346,218 (
0 01 (
05 (
.,
.,
.) = 468 843;
.) = 844 346 218
) = 0,01
) = 0,05
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
1.
,
,
:
,
,
,
.
,
–
,
.
2.
:
,
,
.
,
,
(
).
3.
.
)
.
,
.
4.
:
,
.
5.
,
:
,
)
(
6.
,
,
.
.
7.
:
,
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
)
:
,
,
,
.
8.
,
:
(
),
–
.
9.
(
):
,
,
10.
(
):
,
11.
,
,
,
.
:
,
12.
.
,
:
,
.
.
,
.
13.
:
,
.
.
.
. 2-
…–
.,
2004.
.
//
. 1957.
5.
.
.–
., 1976.
.
(
. 1969.
) //
4.
.
.
.,
.–
.
.–
., 1975.
., 1968.
.
.–
.
.–
, 1978.
., 1969.
.
. – ., 1986.
.
»(
),
.
.–
.–
.
., 1988.
(
). –
.
., 2002.
.
., 2000.
. 1–2. –
., 1990–
1991.
.
.–
.
.
.,
.–
., 1999.
.
.–
.,
., 2007.
.
.,
.–
.
.,
.
., 2005.
.–
.,
./
.
.,
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
., 2005.
., 1976.
.
.
:
.–
., 1979.
.–
., 1978.
.
.–
., 1978.
.
:
.
.–
.,
.
.1/
.
.
., 1978.
.
.,
.
.
.
.–
.
, 1997.
.
.–
.,
,
.
1970.
.
//
,
.
,
:
.
,
/
.
.
.–
.
.–
.
.–
.
.
.
.
.
.
.–
., 1984.
., 1998.
., 1996.
:
.
.–
., 1985.
.
., 1958.
.,
.
. . 2.
.–
, 1993.
.,
.
.
. 3.
.–
, 1993.
.
.
.
.–
.
.–
.
.–
.–
., 1991.
, 1988.
, 1986.
.
., 1999.
.
:
.
.–
.–
., 1999.
., 1990.
.
.–
.,
.,
. 1983.
, 1972.
.
80-
1.
.
:
.
.–
.–
., 1976.
.
:
.,
.
.–
.–
.–
.
.
.
., 1976.
., 1974.
.
.
., 1987.
., 1979.
A.M.
.–
.
//
:
., 1985.
.
.–
.–
.–
., 1981.
., 1985.
., 1983.
.–
, 1999.
«
». –
., 1974.
./
.
. – 2-
.,
.
.
.,
.–
.,
.:
, 2007.
.
.–
.
.–
.–
:
.–
.
. 1970.
.
.–
., 1996.
, 1999.
//
.
4.
//
., 1978.
.
//
.
.
.
.
., 1997.
., 1994.
.
.
.;
.–
,
.
:
/
.
.,
. – 2.
.,
.–
.
.–
.–
4-
.–
.
.–
2006.
.
., 1983.
(
). –
.,
.,
., 1989.
., 1991.
.
,
,
,
., 1986.
.
(
., 2006.
.,
.
.,
.
. – 3. – 3-
–
.–
.
.–
.–
., 2003.
., 2003.
., 1987.
. – ., 1979.
.
,
,
. – ., 1975.
.
.–
., 1980.
.
.–
, 1999.
.,
.
.–1
.
.–
.
., 1981.
.
). –
,
., 1964.
:
., 1974.
.
.–
., 1952.
.
:
.
.–
(
.–
.
.–
.–
.
: PRESSI ( HERSON )
):
., 1996.
.
.
., 1977.
, 2006.
., 1959.
.–
., 1976.
.
.
.–
.
., 1979.
(
). – 3-
.
:
.
.–
:
.–
., 1986
., 1976.
.–
.
., 1992.
(
). –
., 1989.
//
-1964. –
.
.–
.
.–
., 1965.
., 1972.
., 1972.
.
(
XX .). –
, 1990.
.
(
). –
,
1988.
.
.–
., 1987.
.
.–
.,
.
., 1976.
1967–1986.
.,
.–
.
.–
, 1983.
.
:
.
.
.–
.–
., 1980.
.
., 1973.
.
.
,
,
.–
., 1988.
.
. – ., 1987.
.
.
.–
.
:
., 1979.
.
.
.–
.–
.
.–
, 1986.
., 1985.
., 1981.
, 1988.