Тбилисский рынок компакт дисков: экономические аспекты

advertisement
?J&j?) Q%&_@pH ?J %&(H?(X)L &?)pH%()QHQ - 2010, >+6 49, ‚:7ƒ 5.1
Q›7]7‚‚*7• ©/+* *+6…8*> ;7‚*+ˆ: ¨*+/+67†:‚*7: 8‚…:*>©
¦"/ Abstract. The Tbilisi market of compact discs (CD) and the problems of pricing on this market were
studied. The price movement is described by function of random variable. CDs maintain a balanced current
prices and price changes have random accidental character. To determine the market indeterminacy there
were singled out the effectiveness levels. From the practical standpoint it is expedient to introduce the
hypothesis of effectiveness of the intellectual property market. There was defined a group index of
competitiveness of CD by technical and economic characteristics as well as coefficients of competitiveness
and was formed a competitive row of CDs. The market risk for specific category of CD can be measured with
use of the ‰- coefficient. To reduce risks it is expedient to apply diversification, insurance, immunization and
other relevant methods.
Key words: compact discs, intellectual property market, index of competitiveness, market risk.
* 7 # ($) 8 #8 8!
, ' 7¤ #): 1) #) "/ ¤ (
¤ ¤ #¤ ¤ 7); 2) #) ¤"
'!, ! # ¤7 +! , 7 " ! ¤: )7!! ; 8)8 # #'. 7 $ ' #¤¤ , 87 # Q" #87¤, .. 8! W! !
' ' . 7 #¤ ¤" ¤ !
, " ## )7 # 8!. , ' ' #). 7 $ Q ", " # " # . :87 7 7
7 '7 87¤ '7 " .
87 # 8%7 ¤" –
$ Q #7. 67 , 8 7
8! "!7) ! . ' #7!
/ /" #", ##', ! ' ! " ".
#, 7 $ # / ', '!
8 7, " ' "¤ #/ .
$7/ 7 # , , ¤ ), #/ "¤ ' #¤7 ##!, "
, )!W)! 7 8 + '7/ ) ! #8/ 8" #! 7. )
!) 7/ ¤ 8 ' ¤ 8%
¤/ 8 / # ".
* , 7) ) $ #¤ '! !
WW! !, 7 # " #¤ 87, 7, 7 '7 .
67 , 8 7 $ + W , /7/ ). <
$ !! ¤ # ## / , '
#"¤ (, 8 /).
* $ 8 7 8! /
7+7 #7. 87 !¤¤ ) 7) ##!/, 7 #¤ 7)
)"/ 7# #8 #, #,
!, -), " ¤7 , !7 #- 203 -
?J&j?) Q%&_@pH ?J %&(H?(X)L &?)pH%()QHQ - 2010, >+6 49, ‚:7ƒ 5.1
, ! #-#'/ W/ #. 67 #
! 8¤ ##!/, 7) Q), #8 # / 8%. *¤ #7
! 7! #¤ !!¤ "/ ", 8 7 7 #-) ' ' #"¤. ¤ ' 7,
7 W ¤ $ #+ ¤ 7!¤
¤.
! #! 7/ # 8" 7 $ 87 77 Q. *7/ ¤ – 8 Q7/
7. W 7 8%7 ¤/ 8 # )
#¤ ' ) #+. & ¤, 7 #8" # W " ! #.
/ ¤ – 7 / Q. Q W 7
' ¤ 7, 7 87 #+, ' W
#¤ . ) / !!! #¤7
#8. 6¤+! ¤ / 87 ) ' ). #, 2008 " ! # Verbatim #7/ , ¤ 7) 8 " $, ' ! / 24 W/ Q
8 7 – 8¤+ $ " ".
/ ¤ – ¤ Q7/ 7. 7 7 '
¤ # $, , '
87¤ ##!, W/ . Q 7 ' ¤ ¤7 : 7 "
#7 ' #! W!¤
#" .
* , #/ !, 8 "#
Q" 7 ¤/ 8 (Efficient Markets Hypothesis of
Intellectual Property, EMHIP). $, ' #"¤ ( $) 7, )! 7 87
¤ /¤ 8% (+! ), 87 #) ) ¤+. EMHIP #! " #! )+ #'! .
)-Q/ ¤ $ #! 7 Q
#8. 8.1 #7 )-Q )
$ 8 7 ! 2008 ".
¦##/ #8, # Q ),
#! #¤! W :
n
I
(1)
i •ij ¦ Wk •i
I •j
k 1
",
- "##/ #8 $ # )
i ij
);
W - - W/ / ) $;
I i - - W/ )/ #¤ i -/ # $;
- W/ )/ #¤ j -/ # $;
I •j
i
•12
0,22 700
52
36
10
1
0,14 0,2 0,24 0,2 1,72
700
10
24
9
1
- 204 -
?J&j?) Q%&_@pH ?J %&(H?(X)L &?)pH%()QHQ - 2010, >+6 49, ‚:7ƒ 5.1
i
•13
1,73 ; i
i
• 34
10,51 i
•14
• 35
1,58 ;
i
0,79 i
0,94 i
•15
0,9 i
• 23
0,76 i
• 24
• 25
0,66
2,08
• 45
Q8›]7—8 1: )-Q ) $
f88*>:7‚>7*7
¤,
"8
&¤ #
7/ #
)!
, CD-R
Verbatim
700
CD-R
Samsung
700
CD-RW
ACME
52
10
12
36
24
10
$ #
$
(#/
8!
&!! #', &!!
#¤! ,
CD-RW
Verbatim
700
7;:8]
4700
22
8
32
52
14
24
36
30
36
20
9
6
10
9
10
24
1
1
50
1
50
50
20
0,9
0,8
0,95
1,2
1,1
0,8
40
1,7
1,4
1,9
2,2
2,0
1,4
60
700
DVD-R
TDK
4700
p:‚
W
¦##/ #8 # Q #!
#! # :
n
i•ij
¦W
k
k 1
I •i
I •j
(2)
",
i• ij
-
"##/
#8
#
Q
);
W - W/ Q/ );
I •i - W! Q! ) i -/ # $;
I j - W! Q! ) j - / # $;
0,9
1.7
0,6 0,8
1,4
i•12
0,4 1.
i •13
0,92 i •14
0,76
i • 25
0,71 i •34
0,84 i •35
1,18
i •15
0,84
i • 23
0,92 i • 45
0,78 i • 24
0,65
1,1
(! "##7 7 #8
#¤ 7 #8:
- 205 -
#-,
'
?J&j?) Q%&_@pH ?J %&(H?(X)L &?)pH%()QHQ - 2010, >+6 49, ‚:7ƒ 5.1
kij
i
•ij
(3)
i•ij
",
k ij - #8;
i ij
-
"##/
#8
$
#
)
);
- "##/ #8 $ # Q
i•ij
)
k12
1,46 k13
1,88
k14
2,08 k15
k 24
1,17 k 25
0,93 k 34
12,51 k 35
*
#7
/ ! $:
7
1,12 k 23
0,86
k 45
1,15
1,89
#8
'
#¤
CD-R Verbatim > DVD-R TDK > CD-R Samsung > CD-RW ACME
! 7 $ #¤¤ . *! ) 7¤ ¤ ¤7, ! - !/ #87¤. # 7 #87¤ $. #7 78¤ #/ (Pp),
8 !7/ (Pv) # (P) ! .
) ' ¤, , 7/ ! 7
¤7 :
R = P – Pp
(4)
!" #! #87¤ $
7) , )!W)! 8 7, "
!" #! / #87¤ 7 / #87¤ Q , ¤, #¤ , " 7 $. 8¤+ Q , 77 !!! $ /
".
77/ / " #- ' ¤ #W¤ ¶-Q. $'/ " $ ' ##8¤ 87/
¶-Q, 7/ #! 8/ #87¤ " + 8W/ #87¤ 7 $. ( 7+" #!
' 7¤ # 7 ! '" ##!!, ! 7 $.
7 $ WW , ' !¤
' ), #7 -), # !, ' 7¤ W 8:
Pe = Pw + ¶ (Pm – Pw),
(5)
",
Pe - '! #87¤¤ (Expected Profitability) # /
" ##!!;
Pw - 8! #87¤¤ (Without Risk Profitability) # ;
Pm - ! #87¤¤ (Middle Profitability) 7 $ W
#;
¶ - "-Q.
- 206 -
?J&j?) Q%&_@pH ?J %&(H?(X)L &?)pH%()QHQ - 2010, >+6 49, ‚:7ƒ 5.1
(Pm – Pw) #¤ - 7! #!, ! !
8" # ##!!;
(Pe – Pw) #¤ – #!, ! ! 7 #'/
##!! #7, -).
! ¤+! 7 $ 8) #¤¤ 7
#87. , , ) . $
# !, # # -), # /
8) ¤, 7 ) # #, , 8 ) #8, '/ #87. " #7, -) ¤+ #
#, #Q, " #8 ) ' ", " "
¤+¤ '7/ ) # #.
,
Q7/
#
¤7)
)! W !!, 7 W '
##"/ #87¤¤
'" -), # / #¤/ / # . £ ¤ #!/7/
). *¤ ' 8": !¤ !!!
#!//, " #7, -) !!! Q7.
Q#¤7) 7) ' ¤, # #¤ / ¶-Q #) # / /¤¤, ! W 8 7
¤" . , 7+ 7 !
87! Q7) # # 87
7) 7, )! ) ! 7/ #¤ # 8¤.
r7›]7+€8–7ƒ
[1]. ¦.6. 7 #7 8)"" , "/
8% ¤" ¦. //(W #
¤/ 8. 07 3III 0'/ #/ . ;, 2009, .64-69.
[2]. Chiladze G.B. Economical Aspects of Evaluation of Patent. Tbilisi State University
Publication. Economics, ¢ 12, Tbilisi, 2005, 7-13 p.p.
[3]. Chiladze G.B. Some International Aspects of Regulation of Intellectual Property.
International Journal “Economics” ¢7-9, Tbilisi 2007, 109-115 pp.
[4]. Chiladze G.B. Economic and Legal Aspects of License Agreement. International
Scientific-Analytical Magazine “Sakartvelos Economika” ¢9 (118), Tbilisi 2007, 4547 p.p.
[5]. Chiladze G.B. Some Aspects of use Intellectual Property for the Purpose of
Business. International Journal “Economics” ¢7-9, Tbilisi 2007, 31-37 p.p.
[6]. Chiladze G.B. Doctoral Dissertation (DBA). Tbilisi, 2009
w8 *+/>8*>7:
*. ¦"/ , 8 !, #,
# ))/ ¦7/ (Š
0800 #% .
^.', 106; .: (+995 32) 606052, Q-#: prof.chiladze@yahoo.com;
¦7/ ¤ (Š
0162 / . _. ]+, 3/5;
.: (+995 32) 606052
_+*]8;=> : :—:/78/.
- 207 -
Download