влияние лизоцима на самодиффузию липида моноолеина в

Раздел 1
215
ɍȾɄ 541.182.43
ȼɅɂəɇɂȿ ɅɂɁɈɐɂɆȺ ɇȺ ɋȺɆɈȾɂɎɎɍɁɂɘ ɅɂɉɂȾȺ
ɆɈɇɈɈɅȿɂɇȺ ȼ ɄɍȻɂɑȿɋɄɈɃ ɎȺɁȿ1
Ⱦɟɫɹɬɧɢɤɨɜɚ ɂ.ɘ., Ɇɭɧɚɜɢɪɨɜ Ȼ.ȼ., Ƚɢɦɚɬɞɢɧɨɜ Ɋ.ɋ., Ɏɢɥɢɩɩɨɜ Ⱥ.ȼ.
Ʉɚɡɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ
Ʉɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɡɵ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɫɩɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ
[1], ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɤɚɧɚɥɚɯ.
ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ, ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɚ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɛɟɥɤɨɜɭɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ, ɜɚɠɧɨ
ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɢ pH). ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɢɣ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɜɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ
ɛɟɥɤɚ ɫ ɥɢɩɢɞɚɦɢ ɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɟ ɞɚɸɬ: ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ (ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɚɪɹɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ), ɢ «ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɨɟ»
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ (ɟɫɥɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚ ɛɟɥɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɝɢɞɪɨɮɨɛɧɵɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ) [2,
3]. Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɫ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ
ɥɟɤɚɪɫɬɜɨɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣ. Ⱦɥɹ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɚɡ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɥɢ əɆɊ
ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɸ, ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɭɸ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɸ, ɪɟɧɬɝɟɧɨɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɣ
ɚɧɚɥɢɡ. [3, 4]. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ
ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ 1H əɆɊ ɫ ɂȽɆɉ, ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɦ ɜ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ [5]. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɫɬɢɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɷɯɨ, ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ 7 ɦɫ, ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ
ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɝɨ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɥɹ 30 Ɍɥ/ɦ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ. Ʌɢɩɢɞ-ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɦɨɧɨɝɥɢɰɟɪɢɞ ɨɥɟɢɧɨɜɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ (1MONOOLEOYL-rac-GLYCEROL(C18:1), SIGMA CHEMICAL CO., St.
Louis, MO, USA). ɉɪɨɬɟɢɧ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ (LYSOZYME, Chicken Egg White,
SIGMA CHEMICAL CO., St. Louis, MO, USA) – ɜɨɞɨɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɵɣ
ɝɥɨɛɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧ, ɷɤɫɬɪɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɹɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɛɟɥɤɚ.
ɂɡ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɮɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧɜɨɞɚ ɢ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ (ɪɢɫ.1).
ɂɡ ɪɢɫ.1(ɚ) ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ
ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɮɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ, ɱɬɨ
ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ 20-80ɨɋ. ɉɪɢ
1
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɬɨɦ ɊɎɎɂ 05-04-48370
216
Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɜɨɞɵ, ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ
ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɚɡɭ (ɪɢɫ.1(ɛ), [3, 6]).
ɚ)
ɛ)
Ɋɢɫ.1 Ɏɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɞɢɚɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ: ɚ) ɦɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧ-ɜɨɞɚ. L2 –
ɢɧɜɟɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɦɢɰɟɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, LD - ɥɚɦɟɥɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, C –
ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ, HII – ɢɧɜɟɪɫɧɚɹ ɝɟɤɫɚɝɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɚɡɚ [1], ɛ) Ɇɨɧɨɨɥɟɢɧɜɨɞɚ-ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ [6].
Ɉɛɪɚɡɰɵ ɩɪɢɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚɦ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ [3,7]. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɫɹ 0,05Ɇ
ɛɭɮɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɚɰɟɬɚɬɚ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɪɇ=4.5r0.05 ɢɥɢ ɞɟɣɬɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ
ɜɨɞɚ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ § 30% (ɩɨ ɜɟɫɭ).
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɬɭɯɚɧɢɟ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ȾɁ ɫ ɦɟɧɶɲɢɦ ɄɋȾ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ
ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ, ɚ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɄɋȾ – ɤ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ
ɜɨɞɵ. ɄɋȾ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ.
ȼ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ, ɫ ɪɨɫɬɨɦ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ
ɩɪɢ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɤ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɸ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ (ɪɢɫ.2).
ȼɪɟɦɹ T2 ɪɟɥɚɤɫɚɰɢɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ d 1 ɦɫ, ɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɟɫɨɜɚɹ
ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɜ !15 ɪɚɡ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɢ
ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɤɥɚɞ ɩɪɨɬɨɧɨɜ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ
ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɢɦɨ ɦɚɥ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɩɪɨɬɨɧɚɦɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ. ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɟ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ, ɩɨ-ɜɢɞɢɦɨɦɭ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧɚ ɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɢɫɥɨɹ. ɂɡ
ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ [3] ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦ – ɝɥɨɛɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɬɟɢɧ, ɫɥɚɛɨ
Раздел 1
217
ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɫ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɣ, ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ
(ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.2 ɩɭɧɤɬɢɪɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɢɟɣ) ɨɧ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ
ɹɱɟɣɤɢ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ.
T=24C
T=30C
T=40C
T=50C
T=60C
-11
5,0x10
2
Ds, ɦ /ɫ
-11
4,0x10
-11
3,0x10
-11
2,0x10
-11
1,0x10
0
2
4
6
8
N
10
Ɋɢɫ.2. Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɜ ɤɭɛɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɮɚɡɟ ɨɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ, ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɭɸ ɹɱɟɣɤɭ. Ƚɢɞɪɚɬɚɰɢɹ 30% ɜɟɫ.
Ɇɵ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ
ɫɚɦɨɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɢɡ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ:
x ɉɪɢ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɡ
ɝɢɞɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ, ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɝɢɞɪɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɫɥɨɹɯ.
x ɉɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɡɨɰɢɦɚ ɜ ɹɱɟɣɤɚɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ
ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɚ ɥɢɩɢɞɧɵɯ ɛɢɫɥɨɟɜ, ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ, ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɰɢɹ
ɬɪɚɟɤɬɨɪɢɢ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ ɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɧɨɝɨ
ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ. ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɢɜɢɡɧɵ ɛɢɫɥɨɟɜ ɜɥɟɱɟɬ ɡɚ ɫɨɛɨɣ
ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɭ ɥɢɩɢɞɚ
(ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɭɩɚɤɨɜɤɢ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɜ ɛɢɫɥɨɹɯ).
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