. « » –

«
»
.
.
«
»
.
–
(
,
.
.
)
weather
:
.
,
,
,
,
.
The present article is devoted to the study of cultural peculiarities in lexical representation of the
environment conditions (weather) based on the lexicographic comparative analysis of the meanings of the
words
/ weather.
Key words: concept, language model, connotation, meaning, weather.
–
. .
,
1
-
.
.
,
,
,
(
)
2
-
,
.
3
:
-
.
58;
184.
20;
52;
,
»
(58),
«
-
»
: «
» (52 + 40 + 20)
112
).
. .
.
-
–
,
-
.
,
5
38,
: rain 24, forecast 7, bad 5,
wet 5, clouds 4.
,
«weather»
.
-
,
,
,
,
(
Weather
(99),
,
.
,
40;
, -
,
275
,
weather the difficulties)
-
(weather report).
:
,
(
,
,
-
),
–
«
»/«weather».
,
«weather» «
;
,
,
»
-
,
. 6).
«
»/«weather»
. 1
,
-
.
(
,
).
,
-
.
,
,
weather (to
,
,
.
1
«weather» «
»
WEATHER - n. 1. the general condition of the
atmosphere at a particular time and place, with
regard to the temperature, moisture, cloudiness, etc.
[WNWD]
, - , .1.
,
WEATHER - n. 1. climate, conditions [CETHWU]
,
WEATHER - n. 1 The weather is the condition of
the atmosphere in one area at a particular time,
for example if it is raining, hot, or windy [CCED]
[
, . 1.
,
[
, - , . 1.
,
,
,
WEATHER - n.1. the temperature and other
conditions such as sun, rain, and wind [LDAE]
,
]
,
. .)
,
]
.1.
,
,
.[
,
]
possible in virtually any weather [CCED]. –
«
«weather»
]
»/
,
«
»/ «conditions of atmosphere».
:
,
,
,
]; Fishing is
(=
).
,
,
,
«
«disagreeable or
conditions».
,
»/
atmospheric
,
harmful
2
«weather» «
»
WEATHER - n. 2. disagreeable or harmful
atmospheric conditions; storm, rain, etc. [WNWD]
.
,
276
,
.[
]
,
,
,
«
»
-
«weather».
,
7
»
«
:
,–
(=
);
.
[
]; protected against the
weather –
[WNWD].
,
« », «
»
:
–
?
:
?
.
.
[
].
,
.
«
,
»[
], «
,
»[
]
,–
.,
.,
.:
» (
»).
».
:
«weather conditions», «weather report».
«
»,
,
,
.: «
,
«weather»
.
«weather»
»,
the elements»,
.
».
«
,
-
»
,
,
:
, . .
; 2) «exposed to
, weather deck – .
,
«weather
, «weather
-
,
,
»
.
); «
center» –
satellite» –
, «weather forecast» –
,
,
«weather»
8
,
,
,
»
)[
,
-
: 1) «designating or of the
side of a ship, etc. toward the wind; windward»,
.
,
,
,
,
.
«
»,
.
,
…
].
[
:
,
,
,
« ,
-
.
.
-
].
, . .
-
«
».
»/«weather»
«
«weather».
«
».
«
,
»/
-
»
.
«
.
277
»
.
., . .
,
-
weathering the seeds),
-
)
-
)»:
(
),
(well-weathered canvas;…this rock
has been weathered and eroded).
,
(
,
. .).
3.
.
«To weather» (
) –
«
,
»
«to weather a difficult time/a difficult
situation»
«to
survive and be able to continue normally after
it has passed or ended».
«to endure,
suffer, bear up against»
.
,
–
–
,
,
.
: The
company has weathered the recession. The
government has weathered its worst political
crisis intact [CCED].
-
];
[
.
,
.
«
(
(
,
-
].
«to weather»
:
1. To expose to the action of the weather or
atmosphere. –
; This rock has been weathered and eroded. –
; …the man had a worn weathered face. –
[CCED].
«To weather» (
)
,
,
«weather»
.
2.
«to weather» – to become discolor ed,
disintegrate, to wear away –
«
»
«to
weather»,
«
»:
Canvas weathers well. Unpainted wooden
furniture weathers to a grey colour
[CETHWU].
,
.
,
«to
weather»
,
«
».
(«to
expose to the atmosphere conditions»)
«
»,
«
»
-
«weather»
.
«to weather»,
-
(
) «
».
«weather»
:
278
«
under the weather –
,
;
,
[CETHWU];
making heavy weather of a task –
;
…[CCED];
to weather a difficult task/situation –
,
,
[CCED].
»
–
;
[
,
];
–
-
(
«
-
) [
,
-
].
»/«weather»
,
«weather»
«
»
,
:
,
,
,
-
– . .
[
.
];
1
, . .
Collins Coubuild English
Dictionary, Collins English Thesaurus The Ultimate Wordfinder, HarperCollins Publishers
: Longman Dictionary of American Language, Your Complete Guide to
American English, Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language.
2
. .
.
:
.
.
, 2000.
3
(
)
,
,
EAT (Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus).
4
–
: 2 . . 1.:
:/ . .
,
. .
, . .
, . .
, . .
. .:
;
, 2002. . 381.
5
EAT – Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus / Kiss G. R, Armstrong C., Milroy R., Piper J. An
associative thesaurus and its computer analysis. In Aitken, A.I., Bailey, R.W. and Hamilton-Smith, N.(Eds.),
Thr Computer and Literary Studies. Edinburgh: University Press, 1973.
6
–
. .
. .:
. ., 1984.
–
. .:
, 1981.
–
. .
:
,
,
. ., 2002.
–
. .
. .:
, 1994.
ABBYY Lingvo 12.
CCED – Collins Coubuild English Dictionary, 1987.
CETHUW – Collins English Thesaurus the Ultimate Wordfinder, HarpersCollins Publishers, 2001.
LDAE – Longman Dictionary of American English, your Complete Guide to American English, New
Edition, 1993.
WNWD – Webster’s NewWorld Dictionary of the American language. Second College Edition. David
B. Guralnik, Editor in Chief, 1984.
7
«
», «
»
«
,
,
» «
,
» [
].
:
,
.
].
8
,
«
», «
».
279