UNIT
'4
4
p a g e5
page19
p a g e3 3
*
a.-V
page 47
page51
6
page 75
r
LESSON
L E S S O Nz
question
tags
Grammar:
Cando:checkinformation
Grammar:any/every/n o/some
Vocabulary:makingadiectivesfrom nouns
C a nd o : e x p r e s sa g r e e m e n t / d i s a g r e e m e n t
futuresoverview
Grammar:
verbphrases
aboutwork
Vocabulary:
Cando:talkaboutfutureplansandmake
predictio
ns
Grammar:FuturePerfectand FutureContinuous
Vocabulary:'after
work' activities
C a nd o : d o a s u r v e ya n d r e p o r t h e r e s u l t s
narratlve
tenses
Grammar:
timeexpressions
Vocabutary:
Cando:writea shortstory
G r a m m a ra: r t i c l e s
Vocabulary:materials
C a nd o : t a l k a b o u tm a t e r i a l sp, o s s e s s i o nasn d
i n v e n t i no s
(r)
if structures
Grammar:
Cando:rvritea diaryentry
G r a m m a re: x p r e s s i nogb l i g a t i o n
Vocabulary:physicaImovements
C a nd o : e x p l a i nh o wt o d o s o m e t h i n g
Grammar:usedto/getusedto/would
V o c a b u t a r ya:p p e a r a n c e
C a nd o : d e s c r i b ea p p e a r a n c e
Grammar:expressing
ability
C a nd o : t a l k a b o u tm e m o r i e s
G r a m m a rP: r e s e nPt e r f e cSt i m p l ea n d
C o n t i un o u s
Vocabutary:adjectiveswith -ed and -ing
Grammar:
ouestions
Vocabulary:
weather
Cando:askandanswer
ouestions
aboutunusual
olaces
endings
C a nd o : w r i t ea n i n f o r m ael m a i l
=
€
page89
*
page1o3
page 777
1#
page131
G r a m m a rc: o u n t a b l e
a n d u n c o u n t a b lneo u n s
V o c a b u l a r yf o
: o da n d c o o k i n g
C a nd o : d e s c r i b eh o w t o p r e p a r ea n d c o o ka
dish
Grammar:
oassives
Vocabulary:
verbphrases
aboutmoney
Cando:writea forma[
letterof comolaint
Grammar: lt's time/lA rather/'d better
g personality
Vocabulary:describin
C a nd o : d e s c r i b ed i f f e r e ntty p e so f p e o p l e
G r a m m a rr:e p o r t e ds p e e c h
Vocabulary:adjectivesand intensifiers
C a nd o : r e p o r ta n d d e s c r i b e
w h a t p e o p l es a yt o y o u
devices.e.g.After+ -ing Grammar:past modalsof deductionmust/might/
Grammar:sequencing
can'thovedone
V o c a b u l a r yl a
: wa n di n s u r a n c e
Vocabulary:compound adjectives
Cando: te[[ a funnystory
C a nd o : s p e c u l a t a
e b o u tp a s te v e n t s
er o n o u n s
G r a m m a rr:e f l e x i v p
C a nd o : a s ka b o u ta n d g i v ey o u ro w n b e l i e f s
a n do p i n l o n s
G r a m m a rg: e r u n d sa n d i n f i n i t i v e s
g
Vocabulary:advertisin
w
r
i
t
e
t
h
e
C a nd o :
a r g u m e n tfso r a n d a g a i n s at p o i n t
of view
COMMUNICATION
P h r a s avIe r b s
(retationships)
Yourfamilyhistory Goodrelations
C o l l o c a t i o nwsi t h
prepositions
Thebestcandidate
Grammar:
adjectives
andadverbs
Vocabulary:
phrases
verb
withtake
Cando:givea presentation
abouta place
M a k i n gn o u n s
Lessons
fromhistory Filmheroes
Grammar:
emphasis
Vocabulary:
phrasal
verbswithouf
Cando:compare
photographs
andcontrast
D i s t a n c easn d
dimensions
Takea risk
Grammar:olthoughtbuth owever/nevertheless
Vocabulary:
feelings
Cando:talkaboutbooks
ldiomsdescribing Timecapsule
people
H o m eR o a dM o v i e
Grammar:
making
comparisons
Vocabutary:
g/travettin
g
verbphrasesabout movin
Cando:makecomparisons
aboutplacesandpeople
Expressions
withgo
Travelling
companrons
Bhutan
Grammar:
have/get
somethingdone
Vocabulary:
animalexpressions
Cando:talkaboutservices
Prefixes
C a nI h e l py o u ?
Vikings
Grammar:
hardandhardly
Cando:writea reportof surveyfindings
P h r a s a l v e r bwsi t h
three'parts
R a d i oo h o n e - i n
Secrets
of success
Grammar:
retative
clauses
Cando:writean article
Newspaper
headlines
M i n db e n d e r s
B u l l i o nR o b b e r y
(z)
Grammar:
f structures
Vocabulary:
speaking
Cando:talkaboutyourregrets
andresolutions
Commonly
misspelt Howdoesyourmind YesPrime
Minister
woros
work?
Dreamcareer
EllenMacArthur
1
Readthetextandmatchthe partsof speech
a-[ belowto eachunderlined
wordor phrase.
Complete
the word mapswith words/
phrasesfrom the box below.
do aerobics souvenir application
form
senseof humour tal<eup a hobby
be promoted go sightseeingfather-in-law
ccordingto 1)the ancientGreekhistorian
lt in the 7th centuryec
Herodotus.
tI
7 A I
7 -,\
the king of Egypt,Psamtik1, decided
to conducta lt scientificexperiment.Usinghis
absolutepower overhis subjects,a)he took two
nex'bornbabiesand handedthem to a shepherd,
u'ith instructionsthat theywereto be 5)brought
qp in total isolarion.Most importantly,no-one
\\-asto speakin the babies'presence.
Psamtik
s'antedto find out what languagethe children
*'ould speakif left to themselves.
He thoughtthat
the languagethey producedwould be the 6)oldest
in the world - the original languageof the human
race.After two years,the shepherdheardthe two
children7)repeatedlypronouncethe word'becos'.
Thiswasidentifiedasmeaning8)'bread'inthe
languageof the Phrygians,a peoplethen living
in centralTurkey.From this experiment,Psamtik
deducedthat the Phrygianlanguagee)must be the
first everspoken.Nobodynow believesPsamtik's
10)conclusion- a few commentatorssuggestthat
the infants11)wereimitatingthe soundof the
shepherd's
sheep,but no-onesince12)hashad any
better successin discoveringwhat man'svery first
spokenlanguagewaslike.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
PresentPerfect
PastContinuous
uncountable
noun
phrasaI
verb
article
0 preposition
2
s>
!-)
noun
countable
superlative
adjective
adverb
k) pronoun
l) modalverb
d
h)
i)
j)
Findthegrammar
in eachsentence.
mistake
1
2
3
6
7
8
9
They'vebeento Brazillastyear.
Thiscathedrat
buittin r59o.
She'sthe personwhattoldme I shouldstudy
economics
at university.
I wasreadingin my roomwhenI washearing
a loudcrashdownstairs.
My gradesthisyeararea lot worstthan[ast
yearunfortunately.
Youworkfor lBM,aren'tyou?
paintmy bedroomthis
lf I'11
havetime,l'11
weekend.
CanI giveyou a smalladvice?
He'salwayswantedto be teacher.
orts and
?: Underline
themainstressin eachword/
phrase.
* Addthreemorewordsto eachwordmap.
4
a Lookat the dictionary
extractbelowfromthe
Longman
ActiveStudyDictionary.
Whatdoesit
grammar,
tellyouabouteachof thefollowing:
pronunciation
andmeaning?
adl t showing good judgement:
sen.si.ble /sensebel/
z
a sensibledecision suitablefor a particular
purpose,especiallya practicalone: senslb/eclothes
- sensiblYadv
'fu
Complete
the dictionary
extracts
belowby
writinga definition
foreachone.
r
re.tirelrrtatelv[11
f'r! liitt: tr: st:ii:t l.rti-rtrt:i";;; ;j+
z
a.broad le'brctdl adv
_: Didyougo abroadfor yourlastholiday?
3 get on with sb phr v lTl
I get on we[[with bothmy sisters.
a pitch lptt[l nlC]
Theplayers
ranoutontothepitch.
yourdefinitions
{.i Nowcompare
withthe
definitions
in a dictionary.
i.$Addthewords/phrases
aboveto the word
mapsin Ex.3a.
fu*m,d-$sb
3
Lookat the photos.Who arethe people?Howdo you thinkthey are
connected?
ffi
r. Whatis the difference
in meaningbetweenthe wordsin each
pairbelow?Usea dictionaryif necessary.
r step-sister/half-sister
z colleague/acquaintance
3 soulmate/closefriend
4 partner/wife
Readthe sentences.
Whatdo the phrasesin italicsmean.
I don'tthinkI madea verygoodfirstimpression
on yourparents.
Theydidn'tseemveryinterested
in me.
Thefirsttimewe met,wejust clicked.ltwasamazing.
Westarted
goingout soonafter.
3 Wehaveo lot in common.Of course,we bothworkfor the same
company
but we alsolikedoinglotsof the samekindsof things
outsideof work.
4 My sisterand I don'treallyseeeyeto eyeon much.We'vealways
argued- evenas chitdren.
s Shethinksaboutthingsin the samewayas me.I reatlyfeelon the
samewavelengthas her.
Discuss.
Whoarethe peopleyoufeelyou havemostin commonwith?Doyou
alwaysfeelon the samewavetength?
Why/Whynot?
Rea*ing
1
* Discuss.
Whatarethreeimportant
characteristics
of a 'goodfriend'?
fu Readthetext.Doesit referto
youthoughtof?
anycharacteristics
il! tlt*f;!'*tt$
3fi3tvi€nds
e&*ll$srs**?
*:fig#$
ffi*?
ffiH!*s:t3$
$nai.erage
- $ili 0nlysitr*l tlt*E::sE$t
l}Hts $t#fte$
Ei'E
sarFiefr
{ili#std$E
&*$s-e$e
-#€,**
lrisfi$:
*ssffift#$
tr
surtjsy
l0 litt$*lEtF€l:*t
A friendshouldbe therefor you all the time,notjust whenthey
wantto be.Theywill keepin toucheventhoughyou maybe far
apart.Someof my closestfriendsliveabroadbut it doesn'treally
makea lot of difference.
Maciek,19, Poland
whoyou havea lot in common
To me a goodfriendis someone
withthem.l'm very
with.Youcanshareyourbeliefsandpassions
luckyas I havethreeor four peoplelikethat but I'm stilllookingfor
my soulmate.
Haruki,25,Japan
I
to.
whoyou cantrustandtell secrets
I thinka goodfriendis somebody
mine
had
of
you.
that
a
friend
out
found
lf I ever
Theywill neverlreto
liedto me,I knowI couldn'tbe friendswiththemanymore.
Emily,14, Britain
A goodfriend:
r
whoyoucanfeelcompletely
I thinkthata truefriendis someone
with andyou don'thaveto makeyourselfintosomeone
comfortable
you'renot.Theyshouldacceptyou for whoyou areand not try to
changeyou,
Mercedes,
31,Spain
z
3
4
for agesfor themto be
I don'tthinkyou needto haveknownsomeone
a reallygoodfriend.ButI do thinkthattheyshouldbe therewhenyou
you reallyneedthem.
feeldownor whenever
Rachel,L5,NewZealand
5
6
A goodfriendis someone
who listensto you but,at the sametime,
you say.Theyshoulddefinitely
tell
doesn'tjust agreewith everything
you if theythinkyou'remakinga mistakealthoughthat canbe hard.
Debbie,23, SouthAfrica
will be a reallygoodfriendas soonasyou
I thinkyou knowsomeone
Then,the mostimportant
meetthem.Youjust clickstraightaway.
thingis trust.Youhaveto knowtheywill alwayslookout for you and
be totallyloyalto you.
Stefano,21, ltaly
who
It'ssomeone
who is kind,hasa goodsenseof humour,someone
I'm not veryniceto my bestfriendbut she
forgiveseasily!Sometimes
knowsI don'tmeanit, so shedoesn'tmindreally.
Lanza,16, USA
Forme to callsomeonea reallygoodfriend,we haveto seeeyeto eye
on mostthings.I don'tneedto havecontactall the time but,whenI
wantto feelwe'reon the samewavelength.
do, I definitely
Mick,35, lreland
Readthe text againand find
who hasthe followingviews.
7
8
3
findsthesamethings
funnythatyoudo
is similarto you
doesn'twantyouto be
different
doesn'talwayssaythat
youareright
youwhenyou
supports
feelmiserable
or upset
doesn'tontysupportyou
whenit'sconvenient
for
them
is atwayson yourside
won'ttetlotherpeopte
yoursecrets
Discuss.
r
Whichviewsfromthe text
do youhave?
z Doyouthinkpeoptetook
for differentthingsin
friendsastheygetolder?lf
so,whyandhow?
3 Haveyoueverfallenout
witha goodfriend?
What
happened?
iting
4
5
6
Discuss.
Whendo you writeor get notes/
messages?
st
Listen
to threeanswerphone
messages.
Whatis thepurpose
of eachone?
b Listenagainandmakenotesof the
important
information.
Then,writea brief
message
to eachpersonusingyournotes.
a Lookat thesenotesand messages
and
d e c i d ew h i c ho n ei s :
,l
Readthefollowing
statements
andtellother
students
whichonesyouagreewithandwhy.
. lt'simportant
to holdonto yourgoodfriends.
. Having
oneveryclosefriendisthemost
important
thing.
. Newfriends
willreplace
oldfriends.
. Family
arealways
moreimportant
thanfriends.
I
Listen
to HarryandFiona
talkingabout
theirideasof friendsandfriendship.
Whichof
theviewsfromEx.7 doesHarryhave?
S
Listenagain.Makenotesaboutthepeoplethey
talkaboutandhowtheyaresignificant.
- Fiono'sbestfriendat school
Angelina
r makingan apology
z enclosed
withsomething
else
an appointment
3 tryingto rearrange
someone
to do something
4 reminding
passing
on
message
a
fromsomebody
else
5
h Readthem againand decidewho mighthave
written eachone: a) wife, b) friend,c) flatmate,
d) work colleague,e) brother.
Julie,
lunch?
Al i stoi r
Thisisthe 6ookl war lellingyov about
*Hopeyou like if. (Mvm anADad AiA!)
Vijay
mlTen? Reb lt som +a14edab,oqt temrte.
!R'r,,aA*.^
= ak?llotzzd
623 625
:
1 0 Discuss.
ls yoursituation
withyourfriends
morelikeHarry's
or Fiona's?
In whatways?
e Whichwords
havebeenleftoutin
the notes/messages
above?
Theyare
marl<ed
with*.
Lifelong learning
* Message
E is a
textmessage.
What
do theabbreviated
words,e.g.'r'
mean?
Whichof yourfriendsor familyspeakEnglish
betterthanyoudo?Whatdid theydo to reach
thislevelof English?
Findoutandseeif anyof
theirstrategies
mighthelpyou.
Gettingodvice
tags
ar: I question
Gra
1 3 e*,Complete
the examples
r-5 in theActive
grammar
box.
11 a Complete
in theActive
theexamptes
grammar
boxwiththe missing
auxitiary
verb,
e.g.is,don't, etc.
Active grammar
l
Active grammar (2)
t l'm too late,_
l?
yourself
you?
z Help
to a coffee,_
get
Let's
o
h,
sand
we?
3
_
you?
4 Younevergo to the theotre,_
ng today,_
it7
5 Nothing went
6 Nobodyhas complained,
they?
_
(1)
you?
Youhavea bestfriend,_
2 Youhad o bestfriendat school,_
you?
it?
3 That'sjust the waylife is,_
4 Youcon't keepin touchwith everybody,
7
you?
:.::::rrl
,i;i|irll
:,::l:ll,
l:,r,rili,:l:
lll::.rrii, il
:.i}:,:ll:l:l
We usuallyput negativequestiontags
afteraffirmative
sentences
and
affirmative
tagsafternegativesentences.
lf the mainsentence
hasan auxiliary
verb,e.g. is,con,etc.,this is repeatedin
the question
tag.
lf the mainsentence
hasno auxiliary,
the
questiontag is a formof the verbdo.
:::i:iill{ii::.:i-1iLjl1i:i:1:1ii}1i:i:al!lt1:a:ltiiltl1,l:1.!1r?ilii+!t
:lr::ia.r:;l
i: :
b Whichexamples
doesRuleB apptyto and
whichexamples
doesRuleC applyto?
':i.:ii: il.
l,l
,l
lr;::l r:r.:
rari
riii
.t;.1..1i.11
:: l
i1::
,ll :ral.;,
t,
,,:l:tl; ,.
.:'::::t:'.l
'r,:ili,lli:,1
.l.'
..i.:li.lll
i:,irr:1:,r:i
'::
.i:I ri:.:ir .
,:rlLtl::,':'
iil;::ri::i':
ii:-l:i:l:i i
'i.4,;-::,
:::.:,ir:.i,.
..1::
A Thequestiontag for I am is
Afterimperatives
we oftenusethe
guestiontag _
to invitepeopleto
do things.
After[ef's we usethe questiontag
After negativewordslike never,no,
hordly,etc.we usea positive/negative
questiontag.
Afternothingwe useit/thev in question
tags.
F Afternobody,somebody,etc.we usej!/
thevinquestion
tags.
irr:i.
:
;
I
::rr
rt
,:11.,:r.r-i:.,r,r-rr:rr:r,:.r:tt,:iriir;trt:U,,:ili:tii:tli:
poge17
seeReference
r2 a
Readtheinterview
belowbetween
Simon
andhisboss,Jo.Threeof thequestion
tagsare
incorrect.
Findandcorrect
them.
you've
So,Simon,
beenwiththecompany
Jo:
for nearlya yearnow,aren'tyou?
S i m o nYes,
:
that'sright.
You
worked
International
forThomson
Jo:
beforethen,didn'tyou?
S i m o nYes,
:
for fiveyears.
Andyoufeethappyherenow,don'tyou?
Jo:
S i m o nAbsotutely,
:
it's a greatjob andeveryone's
beenreallyfriendly.
Now,you'reclearaboutyourtargetsfor
lo:
thisyear,isn'tyou?
Simon:Yes,I thinkso.Wehaveto increase
last
year'ssalesby t5%,don'twe?
That'sright.lf thathappens
theneveryone
Jo:
getsa zoolo
bonuswhicheveryone
wittbe
veryhappyabout,won'tthey?
Simon:Definitely.
Now,on the subjectof yourpunctuality.
Jo:
good,wasit?
Thathasn'tbeenparticularty
S i m o nA
: hy e s ,n o wI c a ne x p l a itnh a t . . .
b @
L i s t e na n dc h e c k v o u r a n s w e r s .
Es Refer
to theexamples
r-6 andcomplete
the
rulesA-Fin theActivegrammar
box.
pagerZ
seeReference
14 a Complete
thesentences.
getting
r She's
veryta[[,_?.
z Theydon'tseemto liketheirpresent,
Youhaven'tbeenwaitinglong,
Wecan'tleavethe partyearly,
Let'sgo andseea film,
Dosit down.
?
7 Nothingseemsto be goingright,
8 l'm beinga bit sitty,_?.
3
4
5
6
bs
')
Listen
andcheckyouranswers.
e Decide
whether
eachsentence
is a) checking
information,
b) askingforagreement,
c) asking
someone
to do something,
d) makinganoffer
or a suggestion.
Person to person
15 a Writeoneor twofactsyouthinkyouknow
aboutthreeotherstudents
in yourclass.
yourfactsby askingtheperson,
h Check
using
question
anappropriate
tag.
aa.Decide
if eachexample
sentence
in the
grammar
Active
boxis corrector not.
D
':|:jj:'li iii iiiiliiir:,:i
:riirr:ri::i:ii.:ri':'ri:
"l.i:::i:;,1:lr:i:l:::lliili,,ll::ilnl:::'lii:ilailil:iir'i
:tt:i:artt:::
:i,::::r1:]:
A Anybodycon learn to juggle.
B Everybodycan learn to juggle.
r;-a::::l:
'
:l'j ,'''
Active g'rammar
'
.,i],,,4,:,,
:':'l:ii;.:r:
c Do you wantsomethingto eat?
.':1.::r::::'
you wantonythingto eat?
:,,,,,--,,,D Do
:jlr:|:r:il:
E I've lookedanywherefor my keys.
F l've lookedeve
erebut I can't find
::.::'.:::.:::.
::: '.::11.:::
'
my keys.
r:'
ra:r.-::1:l:
::i:ll,l::,
::::,)l'::,1:
LS"steatizag
3
Discuss.
r Doyouknowany[argefamilies?
z Whatdo youthinkarethe goodandbadthings
aboutbeingbroughtup as partof a large
famity?
3 Howwouldyoufeelaboutworkingwitha
memberof yourfamity?
g
Listento this extractfrom a radio
ffi
programme
and answerthe questions.
r Howbig is thisfamilynow?
z Whatis soecialaboutthem?
3 Whattrip aretheyexcitedabout?
S
tititi.at, l
*. In pairs,look at the followingphrases/
expressions
in the tapescripton page165.Say
what you thinkthey mightmean.
r to juggteseveraltasksat once(l.z)
(t.9)
2 to getyourhandson sornething
put
your
(t.zr)
to
mind
to
something
3
4 a bigfamilyman(1.24)
(1.25)
5 to be onlytoo happyaboutsomething
6 to go fromstrengthto strength(1.28)
(t.tS)
Z to pickup on somethinS
fu Summarise
the information
in the radio
programme.
Usethe phrasesabove.
G Shehosn't got an ing to do.
H Shehasn'tgot nothingto do.
:.'.:.::]:i::
t Any/Everv
looksat thingsoneat a time,
separately.
:::::,:r:,:,
looksat all the things
'...]..:. z Anv/Everv
together.
to meanit doesn't
3 Weuseanv/everv
matterwhich,who,etc.
meansnof +
4 Nothino/Somethinq
anything.
in questions
whenwe
5 Weuseanv/some
expectthe answer'Yes'.
fu Choosethe correctalternative
for eachof
the rulesr-5.
Listenagainand answerthesequestions.
r Whydid LarryBoehmer
startjuggling?
z Howdid hischildren
becomeinterested
in
iuggling?
3 Whenandwheredid the familyfirstjugglefor
a publicaudience?
aboutthe skittof
+ WhatdoesLarrybelieve
iuggting?
&
l:,.ii
:::::::i::,1:
:l:.lL'.:a:'
see Referencepoge 1Z
6
Choosethe best alternative.
r
z
I
4
5
5
7
8
I'mgoingto try andseemy boyfriendevery/
anyweekend.
Everybody/Anybody
wasthrilledto seeNaomi.
Getme every/any
soupyou canfind.lt doesn't
matterwhatkind.
| can'tget rid of this cold.Nothing/Anything
seemsto help.
Themarkethad flowersof every/anykind.
ld tiketo go everywhere/somewhere
hot for my
hotiday.
I needthe sun.
Youcancomeevery/ony
time after5p.m.I'll be
at homea[[evening.
| knowyou'reverybusyso I don'tsuppose
you'vegotsome/any
timeto hetpmetonight?
Reading
7
S " & Readthe text.Whichof the followingdoesit do?
Saywhichtypeof childit is bestto be (i.e.firstborn,middleborn,
[astborn,onlychild).
2 Giveadvice
to parents
aboutdealingwitheachtypeof child.
the possible
careerconsequences
according
to the
3 Describe
youarebornin thefamily.
position
howto copewiththeirpositionin the famity.
4 Advisechitdren
L
Discuss.
r
Whatarethe advantages/
disadvantages
of being
bornfirst,middleor lastin
a family?
z Doyouthinkit is goodto
be an onlychitd?Why/Why
not?
e; Readthe text again.Are thesestatementstrue (T) or false (F)?
7
othtrr qrnilnq
first?
cCIrnes
Younger
chitdren
tendto takemorerisksasa resultof theirparents'
attitudetowardsthem.
Onlychildren
oftenprefermorephysical
occupations.
,\
;!* $ childs placein the familybirth
order may play a role in the type of
occupationsthat will interesthim or
herasan adult,new research
suggests.
ln two related studies, researchers
f o u n d t h a t o n l y c h i l d r e n- a n d t o
a certain extent first-born children
- were more interestedin intellectual,
cognitive pursuits than were laterborn children.In contrast,later-born
childrenwere more interestedin both
artisticand outdoor-relatedcareers.
These results fit into theories that
say our place in family birth order
w i l l i n f l u e n c eo u r p e r s o n a l i t ys, a i d
FrederickT.L.Leong,co-authorof the
study and professorof psychology
at Ohio State University.'Parents
rypically place different demands
and have different expectationsof
children depending on their birth
o r d e r , ' L e o nsga i d .
For example, parents may be
extrernelyprotectiveof only children
and rvorryabout their physicalsafety.
That may be why only children
are more likely to show interest in
academic pursuits rather than
physical or outdoor activities.Only
children will tend to get more time
and attention from their Darents
t h a n c h i l d r e nw i t h s i b l i n g sT. h i s w i l l
often make them feel special but
the downsideis that they may suffer
o c c a s i o n a lp a n g s o f j e a l o u s y a n d
lonelinesswhen friends discusstheir
brothersand sistersand familvlife.'
Parents
usuallyexpectdifferent
thingsfromtheirfirstandlast
children.
Ontychildren
andfirst-born
children
oftenfo[lowsimitartypesof
careerpath.
Theresultsof thisresearch
contradict
existing
research
intothe
effectsof birthorder.
Theresearchers
foundfirst-born
children
easierto analvse
thanthe
I
Discuss.
Whichof thepointsin thetextaretrueforyourfamilyor
youknow?
otherfamilies
The first-born is an only child until
the second child comes along transforming them from being the
centre of attention,to then sharing
the care of parents.Parentswill also
expect them to be responsibleand
'set
an example'.The change from
being the focus of a family may
b e q u i t e a s h o c k a n d s o s h a p et h e
first-born's subsequent outlook on
life. Therefore first-borns may try to
get back their parents'attentionand
approval by achieving successand
recognition in their careers.lt has
been noted that first-borns are
significantly more often found as
world politicalleadersthan any other
birth order position.
As they have more children,parents
tend to become more open and
relaxedand that may allow younger
children to be more risk-taking,'
Leong said.'lf the first-born or only
child wants to be a poet, that may
concern parents.But by the fourth
child,parentsmay not mind as much.'
Being the youngest in the family
can sometimesbe a stifling and
frustrating experience,especially if
they're looking to be taken seriously
and treated like an adult. The
last-bornis more likely than the
other birth order positionsto take up
d a n g e r o u s p o r t s . T h im
s aybe a sign
of the last-born'srebellious streak
- a resultof being fed up with always
being bossedabout by everyoneelse
in the family.
Middle children, however, have
different issues. 'Middle child
syndrome' can mean feeling
sandwiched between two other
'more
important' people - an older
s i b l i n gw h o g e t s a l l t h e r i g h t sa n d i s
treated like an adult and a younger
sibling who gets all the privileges
and is treated like a spoilt child.
Middle-borns have to learn to get
o n w i t h o l d e r a n d y o u n g e rc h i l d r e n ,
and this may contribute to them
becoming good negotiators- of all
the birth order positions they are
most skilfulat dealingwith authority
figures and those holding inferior
positions.
Leong said the biggest differences
in the study were between only
childrenand later-bornchildren.'Firstborn children are difficult to classify
becausethey startout asonly children
but latergive up that position.lt may
be that the length of time a firstb o r n c h i l d i s a n o n l y c h i l d m a k e sa
differencein his or her personality.'I
!.* &.
Listento the
conversation.
Whatarethe
two peopletalkingabout?
1O Comptete
thetable.
NOUN
b Listenagain.Whichof the
expressions
fromthe How
to boxdo youhear?Which
word(s)is/arestressed?
ADJECTIVE
intellect
art
jealous
L 8 a Discuss
the foltowing
[onely
responsibility
successful
importance
skill
frustration
11 Complete
the fotlowingsentences
with the mostappropriate
word
from the table.
r Doyou realisethe_
of theseexams?
Theywilt decidewhich
you cango to.
university
2 My sisteris very_
. Shecanpaintwel[andwritespoetry.
tryingto phonemy bank.Youhaveto waitfor hours
3 lt'sso _
beforea realpersonwillanswerthe phone.
be _
of Bob.He'snot mytype!
4 Youshouldn't
5 He'sliveda]onefor agesbut he sayshe neverfeels
6 There'sa lot of _
involvedin juggting.
wouldtake
7 I wishsomeone
8 Histastfilmwasan incredible
Oscars.
for thetraincrash.
. Apparently,
it won five
That's absolutelyright.
I completelyagreewith thot.
I couldn'togreemore.
That'sprobablytrue.
I think there'ssometruth in that.
g disagreement
Expressin
l'm not sureif I agreewith that.
I don't thinkthat's completely
true.
That'snot trueat all.
I totallydisagree.
Reporting
agreement/
disagreement
Weollfelt prettymuchthesame
aboutthisquestion.
Therewerea numberof differences
of opinionin thegroup.
Oneor twopeoplehadquite
strongviewsaboutthis.
statements.
Useexpressions
fromthe Howto boxas
appropriate.
o Parents
tendto bemore
strictwiththeirfirst-born
children.
. Middte
children
havethe
worsttime.
. Youngest
children
are
usually
spoilt.
Onlychildren
tendto be
self-sufficient
and not need
manyfriends.
Weareattractedto people
whoarebornin the same
position
withinthe family.
Ourpositionin the family
affects
thekindof career
wecnoose.
b Reportyourgroup's
discussion
backto therest
of theclass.
lrrrs'{qr, \xfixflE fir @l5 uf ms;biiiifr
l]fttr,E luP:tuim|[rfiE
Discuss.
r Doyouhavea mobile
phone?
Howmuchdovouuseit?
Mobi
Whatdo youuseit for?
z Doyouknowanyonewhodoesn'thavea mobitephone?
why don't
theyhaveone?
3 Doyouthinkmobitephonesaregeneralry
a goodor a badthing?
(if
Where
anywhere)
4
areyounotallowedto usemobilephonesin
yourcountry(e.9.the cinema)?
Doyouthinkthereshoutdbe other
placeswhereyoucan'tusemobilephones?
s whatagedo youthinkis appropriate
for chitdren
to havea mobire
phone?
Whv?
It t: it i Li 13t3;
'j
Readthe text.which of the foltowingsubjectsdoesit refer
to?
1 i n e n u m b eor f y o u n gp e o p l e
w h oh a v ea m o b i t e
phone
z ,,vhen
thefirstmobitephonewasinvented
s h yy o u n gp e o p l e
3 : r e ' e a s o nw
w a n ta m o b i t ep h o n e
4 : 0 r \ p a r e n tfse e la b o u t h e i rc h i l d r ehna v i n g
a m o b i t ep n o n e
s n dn o i s ep o l l u t i o n
5 m o b i i ep h o n e a
6 the drr"rorr'rt
of contactteenagers
feertheyneedwiththeirfriends
z the effectof mobitephoneson reading
for pteasure
8 t h ef u t u r ed e s i g no f m o b i l ep h o n e s
9 t h eh e a l t hr i s k so f m o b i l ep h o n etso c h i l d r e n
1 0 s o m ep o s s i b leed u c a t i o nuasl e so f m o b i t e
phones
4
Readthe text again.Makebriefnotesaboutthe subjects
in Ex.3 it
refersto.
T h e r e a r e g o o d r e a s o n st o b e
w o r r i e d a b o u t c h i l d r e na n d m o b i l e
p h o n e s ,r e p o r t s M i c h a e lF i t z p a t r i c k .
S o c i o l o g i s t si n J a p a n ,w h e r e m o b i l e s
h a v eb e e nc o m m o n a m o n g t h e
young for sometime and offer
s o p h i s t i c a t e ds e r v i c e s s, e e a n
a l a r m i n gt r e n d .
I n T o k y o , f o r e x a m p l e ,o n e - q u a r t e r
o f a l l f o u r t o f i f t e e n - y e a r - o l d sh a s
a m o b i l e p h o n e .W e l l o v e r h a l f o f
J a p a n ' sh i g h s c h o o l s t u d e n t so w n
o n e , m a n y o f t h e m I n t e r n e te n a b l e d .
H a l f t h e c h i l d r e np o l l e d r e c e n t l y
s a i d t h e i r l i f e s t y l e ' r e q u i r e dt h' e m
t o h a v ea m o b i l ep h o n e ,w h i l e 4 1 . 5
p e r c e n ts a i d t h e i r p a r e n t s, f o r c e d '
t h e m t o h a v eo n e .
A n i n f o r m a l s u r v e yc o n d u c t e do n
the Tokyo streers by Japan Today
m a g a z i n e ,h o w e v e r ,s u g g e s t s
t h a t t h e n a t i o n s 't e e n s h a v e o t h e r
r e a s o n sf o r k e e p i n gh o l d o f , t h e i r
b e s t e l e c t r i cf r i e n d ' . ' l f I c a n ' t f i n d
m y p h o n e I f e e l r e a l l yi s o l a t e df r o m
Discuss.
r
Whichtwo factsin thetextdidvoufindmost
interesting?
Why?
z H o wi m p o r t a ndto y o ut h i n km o b i t ep h o n e s
arefor youngpeoplein yourcountry?
s i l lc h a n g e
3 H o wd o y o ut h i n km o b i t ep h o n ew
overthe next5 years?
6
fl
Tel[otherstudents.
Whatnoisesdo youtypicatty
heareveryday?Whichonesdo youparticutarly
lil<e/distil<e?
tL
Listenandmatchthewordsin theoox
youhear.
to thenoises
!
I
flng scream creak
bark snore crash
tu Whattypicallymakeseachof thesenoises?
A: Well,obviously,phonesring.Anythingelse?
B : And daorbells.
I
t'o
r
o , Q ,l 1 o ; o , o , o o o o ,
Q , o ,Q Q , o , , QQ
m y f r i e n d s , ' s a y s 1 6 - y e a r * o l dA s u k a M a e z a w a .E m i
I n o u e ,s e v e n t e e na, g r e e s ,a d d i n g : ' l t ' s g r e a t f o r t a l k i n g
t o f r i e n d s a b o u t g o s s i p I d o n ' t w a n t m y p a r e n t st o
h e a r . ' A n o t h e rs u r v e ya l s o r e v e a l e dt h a t a b o u t 2 2
p e r c e n ts a i d t h e y t a l k e d a t l e a s tt e n t i m e s p e r d a y ,
w h i l e 4 5 p e r c e n ts a i dt h e y u s e dt h e i r m o b i l et o s e n d
t e n o r m o r e t e x t m e s s a g e se a c h d a y .
P a r e n t sw e r e a l s o s u r v e y e d w
, ith more than a third
f e e l i n gt h e i r c h i l d r e ns p e n tt o o m u c h t i m e o n t h e
p h o n e ,w h i l e 2 3 p e r c e n ts a i dt h e m o b i l em a d e i t
d i f f i c u l t f o r t h e m t o k e e p a c h e c ko n w h o t h e i r c h i l d r e n
w e r e c o m m u n i c a t i n gw i t h . T o k y o p a r e n t sm a y h a v e
g o o d r e a s o nt o b e w o r r i e d , s i n c e 2 6 p e r c e n to f t h e
c h i l d r e ns a i d t h e y w e r e r e g u l a r l yc o r r e s p o n d i n gw i t h
p e o p l et h e y h a d n e v e r m e t .
S u c hd e n s i t yo f m o b i l eo w n e r s h i pe, s p e c i a l l ay m o n g
t h e y o u n g , h a s l e a d t o a n e w t y p e o f n e u r o s i s ,s a y
s o c i o l o g i s t sJ. a p a n e s et e e n s ,i n p a r t i c u l a r ,h a v e
b e c o m ef a n a t i c a la b o u t b e i n g ' a l w a y sa v a i l a b l e ' .
'Teenagers
can be seen taking advantageof every
s p a r e m i n u t e t o t o u c h b a s ew i t h t h e i r f r i e n d s .l t i s
n o t t h e c o n t e n t o f t h e c o m m u n i c a t i o nb u t t h e a c t o f
s t a y i n gi n t o u c h t h a t m a t t e r s .I n d e e d ,m a n y b e c o m e
e x t r e m e l yu n e a s yi f u n a b l et o c o n t a c tt h e i r p e e r s
c o u n t l e s st i m e s e a c h d a y , f e a r i n gt h e y a r e b e c o m i n g
s o c i a l l yi s o l a t e d , w
' r i t e s t h e s o c i o l o g i s tH i s a ol s h i i , t h e
author of The SuperficialSocialLife of Japan'sMobile
Phone Addicts.
Someof the noisesyou heardmal<epartof
a story.Listento thesenoisesand with another
studentdiscusshowto Iinl<themto mal<e
a
story. Usemoy,might, could, etc.
Thecrashmight be the soundof someonebreoking
inta the housethrough a
dow. Thenthe dog
barksbut moybethe burglargiveshim somemeat
or somethingto keephim quiet.After that ...
, Q , Q , , QO, , l , Q , O , O , O I O O O O O O O
'lf
t h i s t r e n d c o n t i n u e s , 'h e a d d s , ' t w o t h i n g s a r e l i k e l y
t o h a p p e n .O n e i s m o b i l ep h o n ea d d i c t i o nw
, here
a p e r s o ni s i n c a p a b l eo f f o r m i n g a n d m a i n t a i n i n g
r e l a t i o n s h i pws i t h o u tt h e h e l p o f m o b i l e s T
. hesecond:
C e n u i n ec o n v e r s a t i o nw i l l b e d r i v e n o u t b y s u p e r f i c i a l
c o m m u n i c a t i o n ,i n w h i c h t h e a c t o f c o n t a c t i n go n e
a n o t h e r i s a l l t h a t m a t t e r s ,l e a d i n gt o a d e t e r i o r a t i o ni n
t h e q u a l i t y o f r e l a t i o n s h i p sI.n d e e d ,t h e v e r y f a b r i c o f
s o c i e t ym a y b e t h r e a t e n e d . '
T h e s o c i o l o g i s t ,M s M a i k o S e k i ,h a s a l s o s u g g e s t e d
'Children
that:
r e a d b o o k s l e s sa n d l e s s a s t h e y a r e t o o
b u s y p l a y i n gw i t h t h e i r t e c h n o l o g i c atlo o l s . ' A s w e l l
a s t h i s i t m a y b e t h a t a c a d e m i cp e r f o r m a n c ei s b e i n g
a f f e c t e d :6 8 p e r c e n to f c h i l d r e nw h o r e s p o n d e dt o t h e
D o C o M os u r v e ya n d o w n e d a m o b i l e p h o n e s a i d t h e y
g o t p o o r g r a d e sa t s c h o o l .
I n a d d i t i o nt o t h i s , a r e c e n tU K g o v e r n m e n tr e p o r t
h a s h i g h l i g h t e dt h e i n c r e a s e dh e a l t h r i s k s t o c h i l d r e n
u n d e r s i x t e e nu s i n g m o b i l eh a n d s e t sa n d a c i r c u l a r
s e n t t o s c h o o l ss u g g e s t st h a t c h i l d r e nb e l o w t h i s a g e
s h o u l d b e a l l o w e dt o m a k e c a l l so n l y i n e m e r g e n c i e s .
O n t h e o t h e r h a n d t h e r e a r e c l e a r b e n e f i t sf o r c h i l d r e n ,
p a r t i c u l a r l yi f t h e i r c o n n e c t i o ni s I n t e r n e te n a b l e d .O n e
c o m p a n yh a s r e c e n t l yp r o d u c e da r e v i s i o n / m o c ke x a m
q u e s t i o ns e r v i c ef o r d e l i v e r yv i a S M S ,a n d t e a c h e r s
a r e a l r e a d yu s i n g t e x t i n g a n d m o b i l e e m a i l t o k e e p i n
touch with pupils.
Gfammaf
I
I modats
of possibitity
and
a llEl Listen
to thephoneconversations
matchthemto the sentences
A-E in the Active
grammarbox.
Active grammar
n lt couldbe someonetalkingto hisboss.
B He might need help finding his way.
C Theweothercon't be verygood.
D He must be late.
E Theymoy go ta the cinemalater.
r lt is possible
z lt is not possible
3 lt is certain
r:r:i:r::i:'r,r, ,
A-Ein theActive
b Matchthesentences
grammar
r-3. Doeseach
boxwiththe meanings
onereferto the present
or thefuture?
e Makeothersentences
usingmay/might/
Referto the
could,must,can'f asappropriate.
tapescript
on page165if necessary.
t Hemightbespeaking
to hisgirlfriend.
Person to person
1 1 ;a Chooseeightof the followingpiecesof
information
and writethem on a pieceof paper.
o !oUf father'sfirstname
. the hourof the dayyou [ikebest
. the nameof a petyouhavehador an animaI
you Know
films
thetitteof oneof yourfavourite
your
favourite
musicbands
the nameof oneof
a placeyou haveneverbeento butwould[ove
to go to
the firstnameof oneof the peopleyouadmire
most
the ptacewhereyouwereborn
youmosttikethe soundof
the language
thetimeyougot up thismorning
books
thetitteof oneof yourfavourite
the placewhereyouspentyourbestholiday
youspeakthe best
the foreignlanguage
the firstnameof vourbestfriendat school
.ru
page17
seeReference
1 0 Complete
so theyhave
thesecond
sentences
Use
thesamemeaning
asthefirstsentences.
may/might/could,
mustor cen't.
He'snever
r I'msurethatTerry
isstuckintraffic.
normally
late.
Terrv
stuckin traffic.He'snever
norma[[y
late.
It'spossible
thatwe'lIgo andvisitmy brother
in Manchester.
We_
andvisitmy brotherin Manchester.
It'snot possibte
thatJanewantsto go to
Morocco
thissummer.
Shehateshotweather.
thissummer.
to go to Morocco
Jane_
Shehateshotweather.
There's
a chance
thatSusiewillcometo the
p a r t vt o n i g h t .
Susie_
to the partytonight.
I haveno doubtthattherearebetterwaysof
s o l v i n tgh i sp r o b [ e m .
There_
betterwaysof solvingthis
probtem.
P e r h a pTsa r e w
k i l lc h a n g h
e i sm i n da b o u t
l e n d i nygo uh i sc a r .
T a r e _k
h i sm i n da b o u tl e n d i n ygo uh i s
car.
fo In pairs.Lookat your partner'swordsand
saywhatyou think they mean.Usemight,
must,cen't or could.
A: ltalian- Thiscouldbe the languogeyou most
like the soundof.
B: Oh no, it isn't.
A: Oh. Well,it must be the languageyou speak
the best,then.
B: Yes,that'sright,
PhrasaI
verh
Readandlistento Tim'sgirlfriend
(Mandy)
andhissister(Gitt)talking.
Whoare
thepeoplein thepicture?
M: So..doyouthinkTimtakesafterhisdad?
G: Well,I suppose
so,in someways.
G: Wel[,I mean,they'rebothverystubborn,
aren't
they!
That'sfor sure.lt runsin the family.
ButyouknowTimreallylooksup to him.He
alwayshas,rightfromwhenwe werekidsand
whilewe weregrowingup. I remember
he
usedto alwaysbe showingoff to him,tryingto
gethisattention,
onewayor another.
Andhowaboutyou?
Oh,I supposeI wasalwayscloserto my mum.
Shedidn'thavean easytime,bringingus up.
Dadwasn'taroundmuch.
Andhowdid youandTimget on?
Oh reallywell...exceptwhenhed put spiders
in my bed!
...Andhow'slifewith you now?
Notbad.YouknowI'mgoingout with Kevin.
Ohyes?But,it'snotso longsinceyousplitup
with Max,is it?
Hey... it'snearlysixmonths,andanyway,
I've
knownKevinfor ages,it'sjustthat it's never
seemed
to be the righttimebefore.
And,how'sSally?
Oh ... Satty.
Well,we'vekindof fallenout.
Reatty?
Why?Whathappened?
We[[,it'sa longstorybut,in a nutshelt,
I told
prettysensitive
hersomething
aboutmeand
thingsgoingon at work.
M:Yes...?
G: AndthenI foundout she'dtalkedaboutit to
someotherfriends.
M : O hn o !
G: Yeah,I wasreatlyupsetaboutit.
M: I canimagine.
Doyouthinkyou'ltbe ableto
makeit up?
G: I'mrea[[ynotsure...
B
a Workin pairs.Fromthe context,think about
the meaningof eachphrasalverbin bold and
writea shortdefinition.
toke
r - to look or behavelikesomeonein
your family
b Checkyour ideasin a dictionary.
B
Correct
themistake
in eachof thefollowing
sentences.
Howlonghaveyouandyourgirlfriend
been
goingoutwith?
2 Youdon'tgeton yourbossverywe[[,do you?
3 Wemadeit out afterwe bothagreedhowsilty
we hadbeen.
I thinkour parents
did a greatjob of bringing
up us with verylittlemoney.
Davidreallylooksup to. Hethinksyou're
amazing.
Whodo youtakethemafterin yourfamity,
yourmumor yourdad?
I wishyouwouldgrownup andstartbehaving
likean adult!
fallenout hisbrotheragain.I thinkhis
John's
brotheroweshimsomemonev.
9 Whydid he tettus howmuchmoneyhe earns?
I hateit whenpeopleshowon tikethat.
ro Whydid youandLorraine
sptitit up?| thought
youwerequitehappytogether.
,
4t
Readthe fo[[owingstatements.
Whichof them
aretrue for you?Changethe othersso that they
arealsotrue for you.
. Of allthepeoplein myfamilyI probably
geton
bestwithmy dadbecause
we'reso similar.
. I takeaftermy grandmother
in lotsof ways.We
bothlovetraveIanddiscovering
newplaces.
. In my opinion,couptes
shouldgo out for at
leasttwo yearsbeforetheyget married.
. lf I havechildren
in thefuture,I'ttprobabty
bringthemup in muchthe samewaythatmy
parentsbroughtme up.
. I reatlylookup to my grandfather.
He's
incredibly
kindandalwaysreadyto listento
you if youhavea problem.
Yourfamityhistory
to Morgan
talking
@ Listen
to a friendabouthisfamily.
Whoarethepeoplein the
pictures?
Listenagainandcomplete
the
famitytreebelow.
Cicely
d.1972
b.1899
a Drawa diagram
of your
familytree,goingbackto at
parents.
leastyourgrand
b.1931
Alisorr
b .r 9 5 1
b.1953
E: Tellanother
studentabout
yourfamily.
Whiletheylisten
theyshouldtry anddraw
yourfamilytree.
Deborah
* Compare
whattheyhave
your
drawnwith
diagram.
b. 19s6
m .B e r n i e
a€ Choose
two of the people
in yourfamitytreeandtell
yourpartnermoreabout
them.
I
Morgan
b. 1981
Esther
b.1976
b. 1980
estion tags
Usequestion
tagsin speech
andinformal
writingto
checkinformation
or askforagreement.
Weusuallyput negative
questiontagsafter
affirmative
sentences
andaffirmative
tagsafter
negative
sentences.
It's warmto
isn't it?
Hedoesn'tlikeme,daeshe?
lf themainsentence
hasan auxiliary
verb,e.g.is,
con,etc.thisis repeated
in thequestion
tag.
Yaucan'tplaytennisthisevening,
canyou?
lf themainsentence
hasnoauxiliary,
thequestion
tag is a formof theverbdo.
Theywentto AustralialastChristmas,
didn't they?
In speech,
useintonation
to showthemeaning
of
thequestion
(we
tag.lf thetagis a realquestion
wantto knowsomething
andarenotsureof the
answer),
usea risingintonation.
lf thetagis not
(wealready
a realquestion
thinkwe knowthe
answer),
usea fallingintonation.
Thequestion
tagforI om is aren'tl.
l'm
ng,aren't l?
Afterimperatives
we oftenusewon't you?to invite
peopleto do things.
Havea seot,won'tyou?
After/ef's useshallwe?
Let'swatrkalangthebeaeh,shallwe7
Afternegativewordslikenever,no, hordly,etc.we
usean affirmative
question
tag.
Youneverwantta ga aut to clubs,da yau?
Afternothinqwe useif in question
tags.
Anycanalsomean'lt doesn'tmatterwhichone'.
A: ich bagshatlI bring?B: I don't mind.Anyof
themarefine.
Nothingmeansnot + anything.
There'snothingweconda to changehismind.
Someis usedin questions
whenwe expectpeopleto
answer'Yes'.
Wouldyou likesomemorecaffee?
Usecould,moy or might to talk about presentor
future possibility.
A: Where'sJean?B; l'rn nat surebut shemight be in
the go n.
A: I think there will be an electionb
year. * Youcould be right.
re the end of the
Useconto talk aboutmoregeneralor theoretical
possibitity.
Thesea conget roughherewith almostno warning.
Usemusfto saythat you believesomethingis
certai n.
Youhaven't had anythingto eat all doy.Youmust be
starving.
Usecan'f to saythat you betievesomethingis not
possible.
Theycon't know manypeaple.They'veanly just
nlavedhere.
Afternobody,somebody,everybody
we usetheyin
quesiion
tags.
Nabadywantsta ga auttonight,da they?
Family/Relationships
step-sisterhalf-sisterco[[eagueacquaintance
soulmate ctosefriend partner ex-wife
to makea goodimpressionto click(withsomeone)
to havea lot in common to seeeyeto eye(with
someone)beonthesamewavelength
Any andeverycanbothbe usedto talk in general
aboutallthemembers
of a group.
Adjectives/
Nouns
intellectua[/inte[[ect
artistic/artjeatous/jeatousy
lonely/[oneliness
responsibte/responsibility
successfu
[/successimportant/im
portance
skilfut/skilt frustrated
/frustration
in this street.
Theyaredifferentin meaning,
however.
/ny looks
at thingsoneat a time.lt meansthisor thator the
other.Everylooksat thingstogether.
lt meansall or
thisand that ondthe other.
Haven'tyauan ing ta da?
There'senoughfoadfor eve ne.
Noises
ring scream creak bang thud shout bark
snore crash
Phrasalverbs(relationships)
to takeafter(someone)to lookup to (someone)
to growup to showoff to bring(someone)
up
to geton (withsomeone)to go out (withsomeone)
to sptitup (withsomeone)to fattout (with
someone)to make(i0 up (withsomeone)
Matchthequestion
tagsa-h withthe
sentences
r-8.
Everything
wi[[be ok,
Havesomemoredessert,
3 I'mtatkingtoo much,
Wedon'thavemuchtime,
I
1
a)
b)
c)
d)
movedthedesk, e)
5 Somebody's
6 That'sthe law,
0
There'shardlyanybread[eft,
8 Let'smakea fire,
_!
g)
h)
do we?
is there?
shallwe?
haven't
theY?
isn'tit?
won'tit?
aren'tl?
won'tyou?
Whichof the fo[[owingsentences
are not
correct?Correctthe oneswith mistakes.
r Doyou haveeveryideahow I cangetto
Croydon
by pubtictransport?
z Wouldyoulikesomething
etseto eat?
lt'samazing.
3 Thatdogwitteatanything.
you
give
Every
help
can
with
the redecorating
4
wouldbe muchappreciated.
in
saythatyoucango anywhere
5 FlyFast
Europe
withthemfor underf5o!
go somewhere
nowso
6 Hotiday
companies
thereareno undiscovered
olacesleft.
the housework,
Johndoesthe
7 As regards
washing-up
else.
andI do everything
8 Everystudentneedsto takethetestbefore
theycanjoina class.
the party.
9 Anyonesaidhowmuchtheyenjoyed
It wasa greatsuccess.
ro Thereisn'tnothingelsewe cando today.
Choosethe correctalternative.
r
z
3
4
5
5
7
8
Yourdadmight/canwantsometea.Wittyou
a s kh i m ?
getthe iob.You'reeasilythe
Youmust/con't
,nostqualifiedperson.
T^e)/can't/could
Nobody
win the nextelection.
: ' - s : st h e ma n y m o r e .
.^ s calmoy/can'f
belongto the peopleat
- - - : . ' r 3 . W h yd o n ' ty o ug o a n df i n do u t ?
'': - - -s. cotilci
be David.I'veheardsucha lot
a t a- : , t - .
ii'e -'_c.: 'r-,q:"eedsomehelpat the
r,'teeKe:c.
i"' .c-rce free?
Youreaise.e :o -.c can'tbe lying.Areyou
surehervantsto JoroyiVourcarto visithis
grandm
other?
Shemust/can't
be veryill if shedidn'tcometo
r i s s es c h o o [ .
s c h o otlo d a vS. h en e v e m
Comptete
with one of
the followingsentences
the wordsfromthe Keyvocabulary
on page1Z
in the correctform.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
MikeandI stopped_
out lastJune.lt
wasaboutsomething
I saidabouthissister.I
apologised
but he hasn'tspokento mesince.
I geton verywellwithmy_
, Barbara,
we'vebeendivorced
for nearlyseven
although
years.
| havea lot more
in my newjob than
peopleandhave
I
manage
before.
twenty-five
a budgetof neartyfrmillion.
I justboughtmy_
a reallynice
engagement
ring.lt wasincredibly
expensive
though.
| wonderwhynextdoor'sdogkeeps_
..
don'tthinktheylookafterhimverywe[[.
Hereally
afterhisdadyouknow.He's
got an amazing
senseof humourandhe's
terribtygenerous.
My dad_
so loudlythatit stopsmy mum
sleeping
at night.
just
is
a work_
of mine.Weshare
Janine
an office.
Rewritethe sentences
so that eachone ends
question
with a
tag.
I'dlikeyouto go to the shopssoon.
Y*:; wili t'3 :ij tii{ sh*ps r,*iyt, '"ir*!}'! :";*;,:?
r I thinkherbrother's
nameis lvan.
z I suggestwe go for a swimthis afternoon.
3 I'mprettysurehe nevereatsmeat.
makeyoursetf
comfortable.
4 Please
totdhimwe werehaving
5 | don'tthinkanybody
a parry.
6 | thinkI'min timefor the startof thefilm.
wastakenout of her
7 | don'tthinkanything
bag.
8 | don'tthinkshecansingverywel[.
@'
,.ii;:q&
Discuss"
r
W h i c ho f i h e f c l l o w i n gj o b s c a ny o u I \ O Ts e e i n t h e p h o t o s :
j o u r n a i i s t c, i v i le n g i n e e rs, o c i a Ii , v o r l < enru, r s e r yn u r s e ,s Lrt g e o n
z
B r i e f l vw
, h a i c l oy o u t h i n i (e a c ho f t h e j o b s i n v o l i i e s ?
3
W h i c ho f t l ' : ej o h , sr , v o u i dy o u m o s t / l e a s tl i i < et o d o ? V i l l - r . v i \ l Vnhoyi ?
L i s t e na n d m a t c he a eh p e r s o nw i t ht h e e o r r e cjio b .
L i s t e na g a i na n de x p l a i ni h e r n e a n i ncgf t h e p h r a s e isn t h e b o x .
a changeoi career a [abourof [ove a careerpath
to takea yearout job saiisfaction
s
I n p a i r s t, h l n ! <
c r a j o b w h i c hf i t se a c hc f t h e q u a [ i t i e isn t h e b o x
beloui"
be goodwitl:figLrresbe a peop[eperson be a good[istener
havea 'canfiouattitude worl<lryeil
in a team
hairea:-reyeior eletaiI getthe bestout oi otherpeople
be goodat usingyourorrvn
initiative
be ableto nreettightdeadlines l<eep
catrniinderpressure
W h i c he f t h e p h r a s e isn E x s .z b a n d3 d o y o ut h i n l <a p p l yt o y o u ?
G i v ed e i a i L s .
futuresoverview
t a l k a b o u tf u t u r ep l a n sa n d m a k ep r e d i c t i o n s
Reading
'. :, - =--.:an
youseein the
-ow
2
do youthink'work'haschanged
lastroooyears?
In whatwaysdo you
t h es a m e ?
'grind'in the titleof thetextis used
r Thenoun
'something
to mean
that is hardwork,tiring
andboring'.Whatdo youthinkthewholetitle
means?
2
Readthetextquickly.
Whatdoesit saY
question
about
z above?
t
L - *
W
the daily grind wejust can'tdo without
Workmaysometimes
seemlikehell,but whenwe haven'tgot
it,we missit.Wemissit,we wantit and perhaps
we evenneed
it. Everyone
wantsto be valuedand a salaryis proofthat we
matter.
Not anyjob will do, however.
and voluntarywork
Housework
tend to be seenas non-jobs.
culture,a
ln our work-centred
'properjob' meanspaid employment.
Beingpaid for a job is
betterfor our self-esteem.
we wouldalsopreferwork
Of course,
to be usefulandinteresting,
aswellaspaid.Butyoudon'thaveto
enjoyyourjob to get psychological
benefitsfrom it. According
to someexperts,
achieving
unenjoyable
tasksduringour work
actually
contributes
to oursenseof well-being.
The obligationto be in a particular
placeat a particular
time,
workingas partof a teamtowardsa commongoal,givesus a
senseof structure
and purposethat we find difficultto impose
on ourselves.
Fora lot of us,the workplace
hasalsotakenover
fromthe community
Formostof
asthe placeof humancontact.
us,rvorkoftenfunctions
network,
asa socialclub,an information
an informaldatingagencyanda marriage
bureau.
A l t h o u g hg e n u i n e
workaholicsare
u n c o m m o nm
/ any
of us arejob addicts
without realisingit.
When we can't work for
whateverreason,we show
similarsignsto realaddictswho
are deprivedof their'fix'- we becomeirritableand lethargic.
Among newly-retiredmen,deathratesincreasesignificantly
in the first six months after leavingemployment.Formost of
their lives,theirpersonality,self-esteem
and statushavebeen
definedby work;without it,they losetheir appetitefor life.
Life wasn't always so driven by employment, however.Work in
the pre-industrialage was task-orientednot time-structured,
focussingnot on money but on tasks necessaryfor survival.
Whole communitiesworked togetherso there was lessdivision
betweenwork and'freetimeiThe lndustrialRevolutionradically
changed how people worked. Suddenly,work was no longer
structuredby seasons,but by the clock.Work was separated
from the rest of life,and began to provide money ratherthan
food and goods.
More recently,the revolution in InformationTechnologyhas
again changed the nature of work and employment. The
workplaceitselfmay becomeredundant.Twomillionemployees
in the UK now work from home,keepingin touch via email and
phone. Many employerssay that working'remotely'improves
productivity,as workers are happier and waste less time
commuting.Thereare downsidestoo, however,as workerslose
touch with the workplaceand peoplethere.
We will undoubtedly have to accept that the nature of work
has changed and will continue to do so. After all, we were
conditioned into acceptingthe nine-to-fiveworking day and
there is no reasonwhy we can't be conditionedinto accepting
somethingelse.Thisarticlewas written at home in the country
during burstsof hardwork interspersed
with periodsof inactivity.
Perhapsthat'sthe naturalwork-rhvthmto which we will return?
m Readthe text againand decideifthese
statementsare true (T)or false(F).
r
z
3
4
6
7
I
9
ro
Beingpaidto workmakesmanypeoplefeel
better.
Non-paid
workis justas goodas paidworkin
termsof increasing
self-esteem.
Doingtasksyoudon'tenjoyat workis always
badfor yourmentalheatth.
Mostpeoplefindit difficultto finda purpose
to the davwithoutwork.
Thesocialaspectof workis veryimportant
for
the majority
of people.
People
whoworktoo muchbecomeirritable.
Whenpeopleretire,theysometimes
feelless
happythanwhentheyworked.
Twomillionworkersin the UKwork'remotely'.
Onedisadvantage
of workingfromhomeis
peoplefeelingisolated.
Thewriteris convinced
thatthework-rhythm
of the futureis a nine-to-five
workingday.
3
'.',,orking
a .i<e
flexitimebecauseI can
a - : : s : : ^ e h o u r st o s u i tm e .
b S - = : = : : . : ^ f , :t o b ea n u r s eb e c a u sseh e
: : - ' . , ' , . " .- . :: . s ; i r l w o r k .
3 - s : - . - ' s ; ' : : ' s : ' < eu n t i l t h ue n i o n s
b l ' r na t - : : :- a , ' , 3 : : ' s : <
, , ^ r i l- u | L t t
= :
5
-
_
: - - -
:
e c v ea t L e a s t
- - - - -
-==.-''a..,:;
::-3-: s:eating
a H e y , z ossc : . : :
nffirp pn
i^-;--
b l ' m g o i n gt o i e s ' c - : ' - - - ,
+,-.,^ll;-^
E^. ^ ..- - LrovtrllilrS rul 6 ,=c
R* Summarise
the mainargumentof the text by
completing
this sentence.
Althoughthe notureof work haschongedoverthe
yeors,.,,
4
Discuss.
Whydo youthinkthat beingpaidfor a job
oftengivespeoptegreaterself-esteem
than
doingvoluntary
workor lookingafterchitdren
at home?Doyouthinkthatthisis alwaystrue?
z In whatways(if any)doesyourjob increase
yoursetf-esteem?
Whatotherthings(apart
fromwork)do youthinkareimportant
for
g people's
increasin
self-esteem?
3 ls it commonfor peopleto workfromhome
in yourcountry?
Whatdo youthinkthe
advantages
anddisadvantages
of working
fromhomeare?lf youdon'tworkfromhome,
wouldyoutiketo?Why/Whynot?
r
Complete
the questionswith the correctform of
the phrasesin Ex.5. Useeachphraseonce.
r
for
, e.g.gardening
z Forwhatreasons
do peoptesometimes
choose
to
insteadof fult-time?
froma job to go andco
3 Haveyouever
something
comptetety
different?
a 9
you
How
would
feelabout
4
working
n i g h t sa n dw e e k e n d s ?
W o u l dy o ue v e rc o n s i d e_r.
e.
ageof forty-fiveor fifty?
F o rw h a tk i n d so f r e a s o ncsa r 3 € c : e
a n dh a v et o l e a v er h e i r, ' o, ' < l
W h i c hg r o u p so f l t , o r k e r s : a ^ ' , , . . , , / o i r '
. € C € r t L \W
, ?h a tw e r e
c o u n t r yh a v e_
t h e y a s k i n gf o r ?
In pairs,findthedifference
between
theverb
phrases
in italicsin thesentence
pairs.Usea
dictionary
if necessary.
r a I do voluntary
workin a charity
shoponcea
W h i c hd o V o ut f i n x i s t n e m o s tc o m m o n
WCEK.
b Sheworkedpart-timein a shopwhileshe
wasstudying
for herdegree.
z a My unclewasverywealthyandtookearly
retirement
at the ageof fifty-two.
b zoooworkersweremaderedundontatthe
carfactorylastmonth.
Wouldyou[iketo _
old peopte?
10
reasonfor'
i n y o u rc o u n t r (yb a c k a c h e ,
f l u ,e t c . ) ?
W h i c hd o y o ut h i n ki s m o r ec o m m o n
i ny o u r
c o u n t r yw: o r k i n g
n i n e - t o - f iov re_
?
A r et h e r ea n yp a r t i c u l ai nr d u s t r i ei ns y o u r
c o u n t r iyn r e c e nyt e a r sw h i c hh a v ed e c t i n e d
andworkershavebeen
?
Choose
sixof thequestions
in Ex.6 to askand
answer
witha partner.
I
Gramm&f
8
I
I futuresorrerview
1-O Choosethe correctalternative.
r
andanswer
to fourconversations
@ Listen
thesequestions
abouta)Julia,b) Simon,
c) Franandd) Patrick.
his/her
work
r Whydoeshe/she
wantto change
situation?
plans?
gotanydefinite
Whatare
z Hashe/she
they?
z
3
4
5
r-5 in theActive
examples
a
Complete
grammar
Then
boxfrommemory. listenand
checkyouranswers.
6
7
Active grammar
to
r That'sa eood idea!l think I the library now and do it there.
workand go back
z I've decidedI to college.
themat rc o'clock tomorrow
3 l
morning.
Solly the job of
I think theydepa ental manager.She'sreally
good and she'sbeenthereages.
assistantmanager.I
Da
heardhim talkingto lomesabout it.
get thejob. lt's obvious.
HeHe'sbeingfost-trackedfor it.
to talkabout
Usethe Present
Continuous
(whendetails,
a futurearrangement
e.g.abouttimeandplacehavebeen
decided).
Usegoingfo to talk abouta planor
intention(butno detailshavebeen
decided).
based
Usegoingfo to makepredictions
on whatyoucansee/hearnow
basedon
Usewill to makepredictions
whatyouknow/believe.
Weoftenuse
in this
think,hope,believe,etc.with rarill
to
l'vedecided.I'mdefinitelynot bound/going
apptyfor thatjob.
We'//meet/'remeetingafterwork at the caf6
on the corner.
She3getting/'sboundto get thejob.She'sgot
the rightexperience.
look
| boughta newspaper
thismorning.I'll
job.
for/'mgoingto lookfora better-paid
officer.I won'tgo/'m
Oh,there'sthe personneI
boundto go thenbecauseI needto talkto her.
at
l'll ploy/'mplayingtenniswith a colleague
5p.m.thisafternoon.
He'sdoingshiftworkat the momentso he
won't be/'sboundto be tiredtomorrow.
theHowto boxwiththewordsin the
1 1 Complete
boxbelow.
depends idea probabty sure thinking
talk about future plans
a"i
Describp
e l a n s ,i l'd like fo havea complete
" break.
". I think /'11
do somevoluntary
: worK.
i t've decidedl'm going fo leave
I work.
" |m meeting them at to.oo
I t o m o r r o wm o r n i n g .
'"
|m planning to retrain.
7
2
I'm_
aboutresigning.
yetbut I
l'mnot_
soon.
thinkI'tt[eave
rs fo do some
One
voluntary
work.
It_
on beingaccepted
onthecourse.
going to start in
5 l'm September.
LdJC.
made
Userziilto talkabouta decision
at thetimeof speaking.
Weoftenuse
I thinkwith willin thiscase.
Usebe boundfo to express
certainty
a b o u t h ef u t u r e .
b Matchthe rulesA-Fwith the correct
examolesr-5.
plge 31
seeReference
Person to person
1 P * T e l l y o upr a r t n earb o u t y o u r w o r k / s t u d y /
lifeplansforthefutureusingthe Howto box
above.
WhenI'vetaken
I'd liketo troinosan ostranaut.
my exomsI'llprobablymoveto thecity.
b Areanyof yourplansverydifferentfrom
yourpartner's
plans?
FuturePerfect
andFuture
Continuous
do a surveyandreporttheresults
Liste:ai:ag
:"
*a Lookat the photos.With a partner,write
two questionsyou'dlike answeredaboutwhat
you cansee.
2a
Listento a radiojournalisttatking
aboutNekChandand the RockGardens.
As
you listen:
r checkif yourquestions
areanswered.
z decidewhichis the bestheadline
for the story:
A Nearlyfiftyyearsworkin oneman's[ife.
B 5ooopeopleworkto createuniquegardens.
C Amazing
RockGardens
nowclosedto tourists.
g
Listen
againandcomplete
thenotes.
Chand's
appearance:
Hispersonality:
(r)
job:
Hisfather's
(z)
Chand's
firstiob (rgS8)'
b)
Discuss.
r a W h adt oy o ut h i n ko f N e kC h a n d ?
Wouldyou tiketo visitthe RockGardens
of
Chandigarh?
Why/Whynot?
Doyouknowanyonewithan unusual
tatent,hobbyor job?
Inspiration
for hisgardens:
(+)
Reason
for his secrecv:
G)
Materials
used:
a
3
you
issuesconcern
a WhichenvironmentaI
(6)
yearsof work:
Aftereighteen
(t)
Afteroneyearof paidwork:
(8)
Numberof visitorsperday:
(s)
HowChandfeelsabouthiswork:
(ro)
Whattypesof materials
andthingscanbe
recycled?
Whatarethe arguments
for andagainst
recycling?
Howmuchrecycling
of rubbishhappens
in
yourarea?Doyouthinkit'senough?
2
pollution
most(e.g.recycling,
fromcars,
over-fishing,
deforestation,
etc.)?
yourlifestyle
Wouldyouconsider
to be
'environ
mentalty-friend
ly'?Why/Whynot?
Whatcouldyouchange?
Gra,mma,r
4
I ruturePerfect
andContinuous Person to person
a Matchthe examptes
r-4 in theActive
grammar
boxwiththe correcttense.
6
r
Active grammar
someas he's doing today.
holfa
Soon,Chand
centuryworkingon thisgarden.
time?
He
the time he retires.
present
future
- a description
of
B FutureContinuous
somethingin progressat a definitetime
in the future
present future
Form
FuturePerfect:
will/won't+ have+
FutureContinuous:
will/won't+ be +
b Completethe rulesof form with the correct
partof speech.
see Referencepoge 31
5
Completethe sentenceswith the FuturePerfect
or Continuousform of the verbsin brackets.
(finish)his
r Bythistime nextweek,he
project.
Art
(ptay)footbatt
z I'msorryI can'tcome.|
tomorrowafternoon.
3 My bosswon'tbe at workat 5.3op.m.She
Go) homealready.
4 Betweenro.ooandrz.ootomorrow| (have)a meetingso l'[[ phoneyou afterthat.
(finish)makingdinnerby
5 | hopeyouthe time I get home.
we 6 | can'twait!Thistime nextFriday,
(lie)on a beachin Australia!
7 Thisarticlesaysthat whenyou're50,you(spend)a totalof t6.7yearsasleep.
8 Don'tphonebetween7.ooand7.3obecauseI
(have)my pianolesson.
Whatdo youthinkyouwittbe doing...
a ...at 2.oop.m.
thisSaturday?
b ...exactlyonemonthfromnow?
c ...thistime nextyear?
d ...whenyou'resixty-five?
z Whatdo youhopeyouwil[havedone...
a ...by this time nextweek?
b ...by the endof thisyear?
c ...withinthe nextfiveyears?
d ...by the timeyou retire?
the gorden by
of
FuturePerfect- a description
witl
be
completed
something
which
beforea definitetime in the future
Ask and answerthesequestionswith a partner.
7
A withthemost
a Matcheachverbin column
wordsin cotumnB to maketen
appropriate
verbphrases.
t do research
on thelnternet
A
rdo
z visit
B
a) up to datewith (your
email,yourdiary,...)
kitchen,...)
b) the (bedroom,
3 study
4 work
c) an eveningclass
5 spend
6 keep
e) late at the office
d) chatrooms
f) with friends
...)
7 redecorate g) for a ([aw,business,
qualification
online
h) qualitytimewith (your
8 socialise
family,...)
children,
to the
b Addthreemore'afterwork'activities
yourideaswith a partner.
tableabove.Compare
..)
I
a Complete
thesentences
withthe correctformof the
phrase
mostappropriate
fromEx.7.
Ona typicalweekday
e v e n i n lg_ I've
takenon a lot of extra
responsibility
andI often
don'tleaveuntilafter9p.m.
I love_
in my free
time.l'vemadeloadsof
friendswithouthavingto
evengo out!
My eveningsareverybusy.
OnMondays,l_in
pottery,on Wednesdays,
it'sSpanish
andon
Thursdays,
I doiazzdance.
I wantto makethe living
roomlookniceandI can't
affordto paysomeoneelse
to do it so at the moment
I'mspending
myweekends
I'm
at the moment.
I'mdoingthe nextleveIin
my accountancy
training
andit'sa greatcoursethat
I cando at home.
Whenever
I'mnotworking
I try to
with my
growing
children.
They're
up so fast.
I'vebeenwritinga diary
sinceI wastwelve.I try to
with it so I writea
bit everyday.
8 _
is a bigpartof my
life,eitherhavingdinner
partiesat homeor going
ouI.
I
Listening and speaking
'work,rtife
balance'survey.
1O Thequestionsbelowarefroma
Whatdo
you thinkthe resultsof the surveywere?
t I think that lessthanhalf thegroup often i,rarkslote at the office.
z I thinkthat hardlyonyonehaseverdonecny voiuntorywork.
r Doyoueverwork/study
lateeitherat the officescl.ootorat home?
z Haveyou everdoneanyvoluntarywork?
classes
do youdo?Whichone,s'?
3 Howmanyevening
in the evenings?
4 Doyouusuallyswitchon yourcomputer
you
find it easyto switchoff afterwork/school?
5 Do
is?
5 Howgooddo youthinkyour'work/life
balance'
11 a
Listento the resultsand seeif you wereright.
Tryto completethe sentencesin the Howto box from
b
memory.Thenlistenand checkyouranswers.
report the results of a survey
Reportexact i nine(r)
of twentypeoplestayat worklateat
leastthreetimesa week.
results
z5%of thegrouphaddonesomevoluntary
work.
(z) -said
thata goodwayof relaxing
was
watching
TV.
Nobodytikeddoingthiseveryevening.
Report
halfthegroupregularly
workslateat the
; (f) , office.
approximate
resutts
H a r d t y( 4 )
o f t h e mt h o u g h t h i s w a s a b a d
thing.
M a n yp e o p l ea r ed o i n gs o m ek i n do f o n l i n ec o u r s e .
O n l ya f e w p e o p l es a i dt h e y s w i t c h e dt h e i rc o m p u t e r
o n e v e r ye v e n r n g .
The (vast)(S)_
say they do at leastone evening
Ltd55.
Ontya (small)(6) _
would like to do more
eveningclasses,however.
First,underline
LZ a, Writesomequestions
fora survey.
thepartsof
in Ex.ro thatyoucanuse,e.g.Dovouever...?
thequestions
Listenand check
b
youranswers.
whichsurvey
to do:theInternet
b ln pairs,choose
in people's
people's
livesor theArtsin
lives.Writesix+ightquestions
foryour
survey.
Discuss.
to as manystudents
asyoucanandmakea
e Askyourquestions
noteof theiranswers.
r
Whichof the sentences
in
Ex.8aremost/least
like
you?
z Doyouthinkyouspend
yoursparetimewisely?
theresults
13 a In pairs,cotlect
of yoursurveyandprepare
to report
themto therestoftheclass.Usethe Howto boxto helpyou.
theresults
b Report
of yoursurvey
to theclass.
of anyof thesurveys
c Weretheresults
surprising?
,n case
write a formal letter of application
Reading
1
a Lookat the bookcoverand answerthe questions.
r Wheredo youthinkthestoryis set?
z Whatdo youthinkthe maincharacter
does?
b Readextractr and checkvourideas.
* Readextractr againand explaineachofthese
linesin yourown words.
lt wasalwaysmoredifficutt
thanyouthoughtit
woutdbe.(t.6)
(t.g)
possibte.
z lt wasmorethanshehadimagined
(l.rS)
3 | am goingto haveto startfromscratch.
r
*
a Beforeyoureadextractz, discussthese
questions.
r Whatkindsofthings
witlsheneedto doto set
upherbusiness?
z Whatproblems
doyouthinkshemighthave?
fu Readextract
z andcheckvourideas.
Readextractz againand answerthesequestions.
r Whatequipment
did shegetfor heroffice?
andfurniture
z Whodid sheemployandhow?
Whydo youthinkthisis?
3 Weretheybusywhentheyfirstopened?
4
a Beforeyoureadextract3, discussthesequestions.
r DoyouthinkMmaRamotswe's
business
is likelyto dowell?
Why/Why
not?
getanyclients
z Doyouthinkthey
onthefirstdayof business?
Why/Why
not?
7
h Readextract3 on pager45 andcheckyourideas.
questions.
I wantto p orewellfor
theinte w in casethe
interuiewer
asksmed ult
questions.
e Readextract3 againandwriteonesentence
to summarise
each
of thefollowing:
r Yourimpression
of MmaMakutsi
z MmaRamotswe's
feelings
aboutnewbusiness
feelings
aboutheremployee
3 MmaRamotswe's
feelings
asshe'hurtled
through
thedoor'
4 MmaMakutsi's
5
6
I alwayswrite/'thingsto
do' Iists/forget/something
important.
I usuallyleave/more
time
thanI need/getto work/the
traffic/bebad.
I alwaystake/glassof water
to bed/l/bethirsty/inthe
night.
I usuallytake/firstaid kit on
hotiday/just.
l/giveyou/phone
number/
you/getlost.
Hetook/umbretta/j
ust/
rain/onthe wayto the
interview.
l/buy/extrafood/the
children/behungry/after
thefootballmatch.
Youshouldwrite/address/
yoursuitcase/it
get[ost.
l/not go out/thisevening/
just/Daniela/phone.
Theywantedme/entermy
emaiIaddress
twice/lmake
a mistake/the
firsttime.
Discuss.
Haveyoueverstarted/thought
ofstartingyourown
business?
Why/Whynot?
Gr
fl,f I rncose
Choose
the correctalternatives
for the rulesr-4 in theActive
grammar
box.
Active gra^rrrmar
She stayed behind in the office in casethe telephone mng.
a I phoned my boss ogain in caseshe hadn't got my
message.
. l'll stay herein caseany clientscome in.
o I might leaveeorly t in casethere are problemson the
trains.
a
r a Wecanusein caseto talk aboutpastsituations,
to
explainwhvsomebodvdid somethina" ',vthinqscould
have been different.
b Whentalkingaboutthe past,the verbthat followsin case
canbe PastSimpleor PastPerfect.
z a Wecanalso usein caseto talk aboutfuturesituations,
to talk aboutcertainties(things that will definitely
happen)/UeSSlljol5 fthings we do in order to be ready
for o possiblefuture situation).
b Whentalkingaboutthe future,the verbthat followsrn
caseis normallyin the present.Wecanusethe present,
futureor a modalverbin the otherclause.
We
canuse justin caselo makern cosea little more
3
emphatic/polite.
4 We can useiusf in casein the middle/at the end of a
sentence
to talk aboutprecautions
in general(ratherthan
specificsituations).
see Referencepage 31
Writesentences
usingthe
promptsandin ccse.You
mayneedto change
theverb
tensesandto addwords.
Person to person
I
a Lookat sentences
r-4 in
Ex.7.Tellyourpartnerif they
aretruefor you.
b Write4 moresentences
aboutyou using(just)in case
aboutthepastor thefuture.
Onesentence
shouldbe
false.
I'm goingto buya ne oper
assaonas I leavethe classjust
in e theyrunout later.
e Guess
whichof your
partner's
sentences
is false.
I
MarioRuggiero
22WoodLane
London,N6 2RR
Writing
I
R e a dt h e i o b a d v e r a
t n dt h e
l e t t e ro f a p p l i c a t i oann d
a n s w etrh e s eq u e s t i o n s .
10 HattonClose
London,N2 2NX
Tel:07745 346229
9th January2006
DearMr Ruggiero,
r
Whatretevant
experience
a n dq u a t i t i edso e sH e l e n a
have?
z Whatis heraimfor the
future?
3 Doyouthinkit'sa good
Why/
letterof apptication?
Whynot?
ru
m
I am writingto applyfor thejob of AssistantManagerof yournew
pizzarestaurant
you adverlisedin thisweek,sHighgateTimes.
As you can seefrommy enclosedCV I haveworkedas a waitress
in a pizzaand pastarestaurant
for the lastninemonths,and my
jobsincludeworkingas a waitress
previous
in a smallFrench
cafelpatisserie
anda busylunchtime
sandwich
barin thecltycentre.
I believethat I havegainedvaluableexperience
in the restaurant
business
andnowfeerit is timeto moveintothe management
side
of things.I feelthat I wouldbe suitablefor thejob as I am verykeen
andhard-working.
I am sociable
andeasyto geton with,as wellas
passionate
aboutworkingin the cateringindustry.
Assistant Manager
restaurant
requiredfor new Przza
to
I am particularly
interested
in thisjob becausel'd liketo be involved
withthesettingup of a newbusiness.
Ultimately
I wouldliketo set
up my own restaurant
businessbut I obviouslyneedto get more
experience
first.
Manager
Weiretookngfor an Assistant
n9u't"Y:"-:'-X[*;,
n""r
n-'u
:'
ffilT"ffi
month.The successrt
sociable'
and
haro-working
enthusiastic,
experienc-e-would
Previousmanagement
or
exper'tenc-e
although
anJ
o"'n"iptr''
desirabte'
is
#n''"n t" restaurants/caf6s
it is notessential'
Llt
I can be contactedon the phonenumberabove.I lookforwardto
hearingfromyou.
Yourssincerely,
| /. / '
/
f1e/t'rtrt
Write to:
NO2RR
22 WoodLane'London'
MarioRuggiero'
'l3thJanuarY'
bY
CV'
PleaseencloseYour
/
/4'
{tulw'
/
trerenatavtor
1O a Readthe letteragain.Whichparagraph:
1 sayshowyoucanbe contacted
yourexperience
andwhyyouwould
z describes
be suitablefor thejob
youthinkis
anyextrainformation
3 inctudes
important
for andwhere
4 sayswhichjob youareapptying
andwhenyousawit advertised
b Complete
the box belowwith the
expressions
fromthe letter.
1 1 Lookat the job advertson pager5r. Decide
whichjob to applyfor.Thenwritea formalletter
of application.
Life3r*:t g lear:a$":ag
Englishfor workondstudy
r In whatwaysmightyouneedto useEnglish
for worl<or studying?
r to socialise
withclients
INFORMAL
FORMAL
. to understand
writtenin English
textbooks
D e a rM a r i o ,
r DearMr Ruggiero,
a
J u s ta q u i c kn o t eb e c a u s e
I ' dt i k et h e i o b .
2
I reckonI'vegot a lot of
g o o de x p e r i e n c e .
3
I t h i n kI ' db e g o o da t t h ei o b .
I r e a l l yw a n tt h i sj o b .
5
Phoneme on 07745346229. 5
H o p et o h e a rf r o my o us o o n . 7
Bestwishes,
8
wayscouldyouimprove
In whatspecific
yourEnglish
forworl<
or studying?
goto a website
whichcanhelpyouwith
youmightneedin a worl<
language
e.g.www.longman.com/business
situation,
findoutwhereyoucoulddo an EAP
(English
purposes)
course
foracademic
CoItocations
with prepositions
1
Complete
the sentences
usingthe correctpreposition
whichcollocates
with the
adjectivesin bold.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ro
2
Complete
the sentences
withthe correctpreposition
fromthe box
whichcollocates
withtheverbsin botd.
about of for (xl)
l'm interested
_(of/
in/about)trainingto be an
architect.
NekChandis verymodest
(offor/about) his
_
achievement.
A tot of peopleareafraid
losing
_(of/attor)
theirjobs.
I'mreallyworried
my
_(oboutlfrom/on)
interviewtomorrow.
l'm keen_(about/on/
3
rn)doingsomevoluntary
workin a prisonif possibte.
Thisjob is verysimilar_
(oftforfto)my last one.
Youlookdifferent_
(tolfrom/ofl your sister,
don'tyou?
Marcis reallygood_
(obout/ n/at) tennis. He
alwaysbeatsme.
(of/about/
l'm proud_
passing
all
my
exams
for)
thisyear.
My unclehasbeen
passionate
_(about/
oflfor)iazzatt his tife.
4
from in (xz) on (xz)
r Areyou goingto apply_
that job at the localcaf6?
z Heresigned_
hisjob lastmonthto travelroundthe world.
payingfor the wholemeal.
insisted_
3 My colleague
you
prepare
yourinterviewproperly.
4 Youmustmakesure
_
you
Do
believe
things
like
astrology
and horoscopes?
5
_
6 Wouldyou complain_
stowservicein a restaurant?
pay
|
usually
things
by creditcard.
_
7
8 I'mnot surewhatwe'[ do tomorrow.lt depends_
the weather.
you
job
succeeded
yet?
findinga
9 Have
_
ro Theinterviewprocedure
consisted
a seriesof grouptasks.
a Matchthe sentence
halvesr-ro witha-j.
A
r I'mafraid
B
a) at drawing.
z Shebelieves
b) for the party.
consisted c) from herjob afteronlytwo months.
3 Theaudience
4 I'vepreparedeverything d) of a lot of noisychildren.
s lt looksdifferent
6 My brother'sverygood
b
e) in ghosts.
f) aboutSpanish
dancing.
7 | alwaysinsist
8 Yourshoesaresimilar
g) on gettinga receipt.
9 Sheresigned
ro Anais passionate
i) fromlasttime I washere.
h) to mine.
i) of flying.
Listenandcheckyouranswers.
Complete
thequestions
withthecorrect
prepositions.
job
r Whatkindof wouldyoutiketo appty
_?
2
3
4
5
6
z
Whatmusicareyoumostkeen_?
DoyoufeeIpassionate
anything?
_
In yourfamity,
whoareyousimilar
andwhoareyou
different
?
Whatsportsareyougood_
?
Didyourparents
insist_
a particular
bedtimewhenyouwere
young?
Whenyoudecidewhereto go on holiday,
whatdoesit depend
8 Howdo you usuallypay_
thingsin shops?
you
person
Are
the
kind
of
who
is
oftenworried
9
ro Whatareyou mostproud
in yourtife?
5
things?
fiveof the questions
Choose
in Ex.4 to askyourpartner.
Thebestcandidate
2
Discuss.Howdo you feel
about interviews?Do you get
nervous?Why/Whynot?
Thenlistenand
the interviewer's
sentences.
Complete
b
checkyouranswers.
fortheiobandcoming
to theinterview
r Thankyoufor
a Lookat the list belowof
thingsthat can happenat
job/universityinterviews.
Whichof them do you think
are positive?
today.
yourexperience.
z I'd liketo askyou
before.Tel[me aboutthat.
3 Yousayyou'veworkedin an you today.
Manning
I'll
be
Peter
and
l'm
_
4
for applyingfor the
5 CanI startby askingyou aboutyourcourse?
for the future?
6 Whatareyour
r
z
3
4
5
I wasstightlylatefor the
interview
I worefairlycasualclothes
| panicked
andcouldn't
thinkclearly
| showedthemthat I was
enioying
talkingabout
myself
| wasn'tverywe[[prepared
for the interviewer's
questions
eyecontact
6 | maintained
with the interviewer
7 ltalkedquitenegatively
aboutmy previous
experience
8 | didn'thaveanyquestions
to askthe interviewer
9 | let myselfvisiblyrelax
ro I remembered
to switchoff
my mobilephone
u I didn'tfind out exactly
whatthejob/course
involved
rz I couldn'tremember
I wroteon my
everything
application
b Haveyou experienced
any
of the situationsabove?
3
a @
Listento parts of
interviewswith four different
candidates(Karen,Jenny,Liz
and Linda)and answerthese
questions.
ls eachinterviewfor a
iob or for a placeon a
university
course?
z Whichof thethingsin
Ex.r applyto each
(Theremaybe
candidate.
morethanonefor each.)
r
4
Chooseone of the advertson page45 and prepareto roleplayan
interviewwith a partner.Followthe instructionsbelow.
shouldpreparefor the interviewby makingnotes
Interviewees
about:
o
you'vegot
andqualifications
anyrelevantexperience
O
qualities
thatmakeyoua suitablepersonfor the course/iob
o
yourplansfor the future
o
you'dliketo ask
anyfurtherquestions
shouldpreparefor the interviewby makingnotes
Interviewers
about:
a
howto startthe interview
o
questions
andqualifications
to askaboutrelevant
experience
a
qualities
questions
that makethe candidate
to askaboutpersonal
a suitablepersonfor the course/iob
a
questions
to askaboutplansfor the future
o
howto finishthe interview
D
a In pairs,roleplay
the interview.
roles.Prepare
andthenroleplayanotherinterview.
b Change
onthe
Wouldyougiveyourinterviewee
theiob/place
e Discuss.
Why/Whynot?
course?
I
Futures overvie
Forplansandintentions:
Usewillto talkabouta decision
madeat thetimeof
(including
speaking
offersandpromises).
I
shopping
afterlunch.
I
anythingto eat,
going
Use
fo to tatkabouta planor intention(butno
detailshavebeendecided).
I'
low,butl'm notsurewhereyet.
Usethe Present
Continuous
to talkabouta future
(whendetails,
arrangement
e.g.abouttimeand
placehavebeendecided).
Forpredictions:
Usewillto makepredictions
basedonwhatyou
know/betieve.
Weoftenusethink,hope,believe,
etc.withwll in thiscase.
I thinkBenwillbe thenewSchoolPresident.
Usegoingfo to makepredictions
basedon whatyou
cansee/hear
now.
Becareful!You'
off thatchairif youleon
backlikethat!
Future Continuous and
Future Per ct
Usethe Future
Continuous
to talkaboutsomething
in progress
at a definite
timein thefuture.
participle
Formwill+ be+ present
Don'tphonemetonight.I'
thefootball.
Wecanusethe Future
Continuous
to askabout
plans,especially
someone's
if youwantsomething
or youwantthemto do something.
Usethe Future
Perfect
to talkaboutsomething
whichwill becompleted
beforea definite
timein the
future.
Formwill + have+ postparticiple
Weoftenusethe FuturePerfect
withtimephrases
with by, e.g.bythot time,by this timenextweek,by
tomorrow,by then,by the end of the trip, etc.
In case
to
Wecanusein caseto talkaboutpastsituations,
Whentatking
exptainwhysomebody
did something.
aboutthe past,theverbthatfotlowsin casecanbe
PastSimpleor PastPerfect.
Wecanalsousein caseto talkaboutfuture
Whentalking
situations
or to talkaboutprecautions.
aboutthe future,theverbthatfollowsin caseis
normally
in the present.
Wecanusethe present,
futureor a modalverbin theotherclause.
it.
Wecanuseiusfin caseto makein casea littlemore
emphatic.
l'm goingto apologise
ogain
she'sstill
ongrywithme.
Wecanuseiusfin coseat theendof a sentence
(rather
to talkaboutprecautions
in general
than
specific
situations).
l'll takesomeextramoneywithme
Key voc
ulary
Jobs/Phrasesabout jobs
j o u r n a l i s t c i v i le n g i n e e r s o c i a w
I orker
n u r s e r yn u r s e s u r g e o n
a c h a n g eo f c a r e e r a l a b o u ro f l o v e a c a r e e rp a t h
t o t a k ea y e a ro u t i o b s a t i s f a c t i o n
P e r s o n a l i t yt r a i t s f o r j o b s
b e g o o dw i t h f i g u r e s b e a p e o p l ep e r s o n
b e a g o o d[ i s t e n e r h a v ea ' c a n d o ' a t t i t u d e
w o r kw e [ [i n a t e a m h a v ea n e y ef o r d e t a i I
g e t t h e b e s to u t o f o t h e rp e o p l e
be good at usingyour own initiative
b e a b l et o m e e tt i g h td e a d l i n e s
k e e pc a l mu n d e rp r e s s u r e
Verb phrasesabout work
to do voluntarywork to work part-time
t o t a k ee a r l yr e t i r e m e n t t o b e m a d er e d u n d a n t
to be sacked to resignfromyour job
to be on strike to be on sicl<leave
to work flexitime to do shift work
'After
work'activities
d o a n e v e n i n gc l a s s v i s i tc h a tr o o m s
s t u d yf o r a ( l a w ,b u s i n e s s.,. . )q u a l i f i c a t i oonn l i n e
work late at the office
s p e n dq u a l i t yt i m ew i t h ( y o u rc h i l d r e nf,a m i l y.,. . ) ,
k e e pu p t o d a t ew i t h ( y o u re m a i [ y, o u rd i a r y ., . . ) ,
redecorate
the (bedroom,kitchen,...)
s o c i a l i sw
e ithfriends
Collocationswith prepositions
interestedin modestabout keenon passionate
about good at proudof afraidof worriedabout
similarto differentfrom appl,1for iesiq- "oin co-:la insiso
t n p r e p a r feo r b e l i e v e
":0.:
p a yf o r d e p e n do n s u c c e e di n c o r s s : : , '
Choose
the correctalternative.
Whyhaveyaugat yaurtuwet?
I'll wash
r
3
Complete
the sentences
usingthewordsin the
box.Threeofthewordscannotbe used.
my hair
retirementdeadlines surgeon career
figures voluntary resigft redundant
pressure quality detail initiative
A Whyareyou turningon the TV?
B l'll watch/mgoing to watch the football.
z
A Whatwouldyou liketo eat?
B I think I'll have/mhavinga cheese
3
A
B
4
A
B
5
A
B
6
A
B
7 A
B
8 A
B
2
Hefound hisjab yeryrst
from it lasf rnorfh"
sandwich.
Wow!Lookat thosebtackcloudsl
Yes,I think it'll rain/sgoing to rain.
Didyou getthe bread?
Oh no! Sorry,I forgot.l'll go ond get/m
going to get it now.
Haveyou seenJohnrecently?
No,but l'll meet/mmeetinghimat 7p.m.
Whereis Eva?
Oh, she'llbe/s beinglate...she alwaysis!
Whereareyou goingon holidaythis year?
We'vedecidedwe'll have/regoing to have
a skiingholidaybut I'mnot sureexactly
where.
Canyoucomeon Thursday
evening?
No,sorry.I'll play/m playingvotteyball.
r
Sat.23rd
I don'tthinkld be a goodarchitect
because
you needan eyefor
ld loveto be ableto takeearly_
and
painting.
spendmytime
Tobe a successful
vet,you haveto be goodat
usingyourown
My fatherregretsnot spendingmore
timewith my sisterand me whenwe were
young.
My cousinlsabella
is the bestheart_
at
thathospital.
In my sparetimeI do a lot of _
work
with deafpeople.
Thirtypeopteweremade
in our office
lastweekbecause
thereisn'tenoughworkfor
themnow.
As a journalist,I'malwayshavingto meetvery
tight_
.
Insertthe verb phrasesin the box in the correct
placesin the emait.
'llbe waiting won't going '[[
be
be revising
'il haveleft '[thave
been rtl-havef,n+shed
l **d decided{s
4
Complete
the sentences
withonewordfrom
boxA andonewordfromboxB.Youwitl
sometimes
needto changethe formof theverb.
A prepare depend succeed complain
€eftsist worried modest
Hi Antonio,
afternoon'/'/l
I can hardlybelieveit but by next Friday
I'm completely
have finishedall my exams!Untilthen'
the wholeof
exams
my
I
for
revision'
up to'my eyes in
get next
and then every spare minute I
ttris weet<enO
out of the way'
week.I reallycan't wait to get them all
bookeda holiday
l'm reallyexcitedthough,becauseI've
next week' I for
for immldiatelyafter. ln fact, this time
we've both
my flight to Crete' I'm goingwith Daniel.this holiday'we
Ou"nit't"r" before and loved it' After
I'm writing really'
there four times! Anyway,that's why
job by then' lf you
I just wantedto know if you your
know it's short
have, why don't you come with us? |
come'
you
could
if
great
notice,but it would be
emailme or
Let me know as soon as you can' Either
I've got
because
tonight
early
phoneanytime'I to bed
so much to do. Reallyhope you can come'
Gianni
;
Theftatconslsfsof a kitchen,a largelivingroom
andthreebedrooms.
1 My flatmatealways
the noisewhen
I'mlistening
to music.
z Whyareyouso_
her?She'[[phoneif
there'sa problem.
passing
that| _
my
3 I'mso pleased
drivingtestfirsttime!
4 l'mnotsureif I cancometonight.lt
whattimeI finishwork.
I haven't
my testtomorrow.I'msure
going
I'm
to fait.
She'sso
herexamresults.Shenever
tellspeoptehowwe[[she'sdone.
F
It
Y
gr- 'J
Di s c u s s ,
r
W h ad
t o y o uk n o wa b o u tt h ep l a c ens t h ep h o i o s ? \ i , ' ah rae:t h e y
c a l l e dH
? a v ey o uv i s i t e d
a n yo f t h e m ?1 fs o ,w h a tu , e r et h e vi i k e ?
z W h e nd o y o ut h i n kt h e yw e r eb u i l t ?
.
a b o u t 2 0 0 0A D
.
a b o u t 1 9 6 0A D
o a b o u t 4 4 oB c
o about3ooo BC
Threeof theundertined
adjectives
in thequestions
beloware
wrong.Correct
themusingthetableanda dictionary.
PLACES B U I L D I N G S
THINGS
ancient otd/new
mooern mooern
rew:
. *,.? $...
.':'
"
8.,,,a"'
.€
*
!+
PEOPLE
otd/new
CLOTH
ES
otd/young
etderty
s e c o n d - h a n dtraditional(vatues)
moqern
old-fashioned
trendy
a n t i qu e
traditional
traditional
f a s h i o nbal e
s e c o n d - hnad
r Doyou preferancientor modernfurniture?
Why?
z Areyouinterested
in wearingfashionabte
clothes?
Why/Whynot?
your
countryhavetraditionaI
dress?lf so,whatis it?
3 Does
you
Do
live
in
an
elderlv
buitding?
4
s W h a td o y o ut h i n ka b o u tu s i n gs e c o n d - h atnhdi n g s ?
5 Arethereanyinteresting
antiqueplacesnearwhereyou [ive?
Whoarethey?
7 Arethereanyeldertvpeoptein yourfamity?
Ask and answerthe questionswith a partner.
nanativetenses
write a short story
,b Readthe text againand
decideif thesestatements
are true (T)or false (F).
r
z
3
4
5
Doyouhavea favourite
heroor heroine
froma storyor fitm?What
makeshim/herheroicin youropinion?
Doyouknowwhothe heroesarein theancientGreekstoryof Troy
(madeinto a film in 2oo4)?
*
a Lookat the pictures
andreadthetextaboutthestoryof the
Trojan
War.Thenanswer
thesequestions.
r Which
characters
inthestory?
arementioned
Whataretherelationships
,,t,
between
them?
z Whois/aredescribed
asthe hero(es)
in the story?
&
Homer'sstoryis mostly
aboutwar.
Thepurposeofthe party
wasfor KingMenelaus
to
declare
victoryoverKing
Priam.
ParisandHelenteftthe
partywithouttetling
anyone.
Onereasonwhy
Agamemnon
wentto war
wasto win the cityof Troy.
Achiltes
wantedto help
Agamemnon
as
to become
powerful
as possible.
Nowreadthefitmreviewon
page146quickty
andanswer
thequestions.
4
Readthetexton page46 againandcomplete
thesenotes.
r Mainfocusof thebookThe
lliad:
r Readthe storyof Hannibalandchoosethe
corect alternative.
Mainfocusof the film Troy:_
Twomaincharacters
in the film:
Numberof extras:
Filmreviewer's
favouritecharacter:
Reviewer's
favouritemomentin the film:
Maincriticism
of the fi[m:
Reviewer's
overallooinion:
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
7
Discuss.
lf you'veseenthe film,do you agreewith
the reviewer's
opinions?
Why/Whynot?lf you
haven'tseenit, doesthe reviewmakeyou
wantto seeit?Why/Whynot?
Doyouthinkit mattersif a fitmis not exactly
the sameasthe book?Why/Whynot?
6
a Matchthe underlined
verbsin theActive
grammar
boxto the listof narrative
tensesA-D.
Active grammar
into ruins.
the feast,ParisondHelen
ethen
theporty
A PastSimple
B PastContinuous
c
PastPerfectSimple
D PastPerfectContinuous
t
Use
to talkabout
completedactionsin the past.
z Use
to talk about
completed
actionsthat happenedbefore
anotheractionin the past.
I
Use
to talk about
actions
in progress
at a particular
timein
thepast.
to talk about
4 Use
actions
orsituations
whichcontinued
up
to thepastmoment
wearetalking
about.
b Complete
eachexplanation
r-4 by writing
the nameof the correctnarrative
tenseA-D.
e Lookat paragraphs
r andz ofthe textin
Ex.z. Findmoreexamples
of narrative
tenses.
seeReference
poge45
b E
8
Listenandcheckyouranswers.
a Workin groups.StudentAs look atpaget47
andstudentBslookat pager48. Usethe notes
to practise
teltingyourpartof thestory.
b Nowworkin pairs(oneA andoneB)and
taketurnsto tellthestoryof Romeo
andJuliet
together.
itilrg
a Lookat theunderlined
expressions
in the
box.Dotheytalkabout a) a timebefore,b) a
timeafter,c) a specific
timeor d) actionsat the
sametime?
At thattime Fromthat pointon Sincethen
ln zr8 ac Upuntilthatpoint EricBanais
brilliantthroughout
the film. Duringthewar,
tradedeclined. Untitthe 3rdcenturyec
Forthe previousfew centuries. Afterthat
ln the 8th centuryec Whitethe guestswere
enjoyingthemselves,
Parisand Helenleft the
party.
you know
b Add other appropriateexpressions
to the box above.
10
Choosethe correctatternative.
t
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
rc
While/During
the summerwe travelledaround
sevenEuropean
countries.
I changedschoolswhenI wastwelve.From
that point on/fhroughouf,I lovedschoo[.
| movedhouselast week.ForlWhilethe
previousfew months,l'd beenlivingwith my
parents.
TheGreatFireof Londonhappened
at/int666.
Shewas chattingthroughout/since
then the
wholemathslesson.
A cinemaopenedin my town[astyear.Upuntil
thatpoint/Atthat time,the nearestone had
been4o km away.
| metJameslast year.After that$incethen
we'vebeenseeingeachothera [ot.
the
Chinawasruledby Emperors
untilhvhile
beginning
ofthe zothcentury.
Af
| hada greattimewhenI wasat university.
that time/fhroughout,I wassharinga flat with
fourfriends.
WhilepuringI waswaitingfor you,| finished
my book.
1 1 a Completethe sentencesaboutyou.
Throughout
mostof lastyear| _.
Previously,
| _.
z Thebestyearof my wholechildhood
was
. A t t h a tt i m e ,l _
|
couldn't
believe
it when
. Fromthat
3
p o i n t o nl _, .
thingsto happento
4 Oneof the mostimportant
mewas
.
. Afterthat,I _
r
yoursentences
b Compare
in pairs.Givemore
detailsaboutone or two of yoursentences.
L 2 Discuss.
Doyouthinkanygroupsof peoplewhodo
jobsaremodern-day
particular
heroes,
e.g.
firefighters,
aid workers,nurses,etc.?Why?
z Canyouthinkof anyotherfamouspeopleor
jobsthatyouthinkareheroic?
particular
Give
reasons.
r
LA a
Youare goingto write a short story about a
heroor heroine.Chooseone fromthis list:
a a famousmodern-day
hero/heroine,
e.g.
Princess
Diana,Gandhi,
TigerWoods.
b a hero/heroine
froma storyor film
c Achi[[es,
Hector,
Hannibal,
Romeoor Juliet
b Writebriefnotesaboutthe eventsand the
charactersin the story.
c Divideyour notesinto threeparagraphs:
r
Whathappens
at the beginning
of the story
andeventsleadingup to thattime
z Themaineventsof thestory
nearor at the endof the story
3 Whathappens
L4 a Writeyourstoryusingyournotes.Don't
writethe nameof the hero;justwritehe/she
(orappropriate
nouns).
Usenarrative
tenses
andtimeexpressions.
b Readanotherstudent's
story.Doyouknow
theheroor heroine
in his/herstory?
s, Describe
theitemsin thephotosusingthewordsin thebox.
leather porcelain denim bronze silk iron Lycra wool
gotd rubber cotton silver
&?
Howdo youpronounce
andcheck.
thewords?Listen
m Addfourmorematerials
to theboxabove.
Thinkof fivethingsyouown.Describe
usedin each
thematerials
oneusingwordsfromEx.r.
m Matchtheadjectives
r-8 withthedefinitions
a-h.
Listening and
speaking
3 shiny
4 smooth
5 rough
6 furry
I
7 slippery
e itchy
lil<efur
1 c) feets/tool<s
to wearbecauseit
{ d) feelsuncomfortable
irritatesyoursl<in
i e) isn'thardor firm,but is easyto press
5
i f) is stightlyelastic
g) hasa brightsurface
T* Listenagainand answer
theseouestionsfor each
dialogue.
i h) is wet or difficuttto hold/walkon
r
tu Completethe sentenceswith the mostappropriateadjective.
1,
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
s&,
Listento five minidialoguesand writedown
whichobjectsand materials
are mentionedin eachone.
BecarefuI
on the icypath.lt'svery
I reatlytikesitkbecause
it feetsso_
on yourskin.
I'vegotsomenewwinterbootswith
insides.
I can'twearwoolbecause
for my skin.
it'stoo
Forthe interview
leathershoes.
I worea suitandmy new
you
gym
moveeasily.
Wearsomething
for
ctass
so
can
the
_
journey
It wasa veryuncomfortable
because
the roadwas
so
Thisbedis too_
for me.I needa mattress
thatsupportsmy
backmore.
Thinl<
of anobjectyouhaveusedtoday.In pairs,tryto guesseach
questions.
which
other'sobjectby asking
Askquestions
Yes/No
contain
thematerials
in Exs.r and3.
or adjectives
Whatis thewoman's
problem?
z Whatdoesthewoman[ike
aboutherjeans?
r Whatis thewoman's
oroblem?
What
kindof toysdoesthe
4
woman[ike?
5 Whatdoesthewomansay
aboutherfriend?
6
Discuss.
Haveyou got a favourite
itemof ctothing?
Whydo
you [ikeit?
z Whatdo youthinkabout
wearing
fur?
3 Doyouhaveanyatlergies?
r
* Discuss.
Whatthingsdo
youassociate
with
a) modern-day
Chinaand
b) ancient
China?
fu
Listen
to theradio
programme.
Dothespeakers
mention
anyof thethingsyou
tatkedabout?
Listenagain.Decide
if these
(T),
statements
false
aretrue
(F)or we don'tknow(DK).
r China
hasover3oooyears
of history.
z China
hasbeena major
power
worldeconomic
for
centuries.
wasmadein China
in
3 Paper
a r o u n d1 o o 5A D .
4
I articies
I-* Comptete
theActivegrammar
boxwiththeundertined
examptes
in
thetapescript
on page168.
The first paper was made of
silkwasteproducts.
Thewheelbarrow
was
invented
by oneperson.
Gunsweredeveloped
by
the Chinese
in aroundthe
roth century.
Theinvention
of castiron
hada hugeimpacton
people's
lives.
Agricultu
re accountsfor
about5o%of China's
economy.
Rice,tea,cottonandfish
arethe majoragricultural
exports.
ro lronproduction
in Chinais a
rapidtyexpanding
business.
u T h ep o p u l a t i oonf S h a n g h a i
is growingby zzo/o
a year.
rz Production
of goodstike
toys,clothesandcars
account
for morethan5o%
of China's
economy.
*
Active g'rammar
',:
Thedefinitearticlefhe is used:
Withinventions
andspecies
of animal
groups
(when
WithnationaI
described
as onewholenation)
Whenthereis onlyoneof something
Withrivers,oceans,seas
Withsuperlatives
Withparticutar
nounswhenit is clear
whatwe arereferringto
Withpreviously
mentioned
nouns
Theindefinitearticleo/on is used:
Withjobs
Withsingutar
countable
nouns
(mentioned
for the firsttimeor when
it doesn'tmatterwhichone)
No articte(thezeroarticle)is used:
Withmoststreets,villages,towns,
cities,countries,
[al<es,
mountains
Discuss.
''
r
Hasanyof the information
in the programme
madeyou
changeyourideasabout
modern-day
or ancient
China?
z Wouldyouliketo visit
China?
Why/Whynot?
:'l
:,,,,',,r,,
.'l:l|iiili:
pluraIandabstract
Withuncountable,
nounsusedin theirgeneral
sense
,-;,l:r;r,;.:'
. ,.
. irr i :l:li:
.i
see R
rencepage 45
G)
thetiger
(z)
the Maan
the Fq
Qeean
G)_
(+)l've gat a red arnbretla
and e btaekane. I
i
a seienfi''sf
G)
(6)_
oMaunt
f. Forcountries
andgroupsof islands
in the pluraIwe use
'the' - the United
() _,
breltss
Person
18a
7
2
3
4
5
6
Ferson
Prepare
to talk aboutone of thesetopics.
a countryor cityyou[ike
yousupport
a footballclub
a species
of animaIyou'reinterested
in
a makeof caryoulike
a job you'dlike
the mostexciting
thingyou'veeverdone
b ln pairs,taketurnsto talk aboutyourtopic.
18 a
Listento two peopletalkingand answerthesequestions.
r Whataretheytryingto decide?
z Whatdo theyagreeon?
1 1 Complete
thesesentences
usingfhe,o/anor thezero
article(-).
h Listenagainand completethe questionsin the Howto box.
giantpandamostlylives
_
communicate interactively
in _
bambooforestshigh
Askingfor someone's
i r Whatdo you
in the mountains.
generalopinion i" z What _you?
Yangtze
Riveris 538o
_
What_
do you think is importont?
_3
kilometres
[ong.lt is thethird
that ...?
Askingfor someone's Doyou_
longestriverin _
world.
you_
specific
opinion
How
do
about...?
Chinacovers
area
Isn't it
that...?
of almostsixmillionsouare
kilometres
andis
most
populous
countryon Earth,
in theboxanddecide
whichthreeyou
havingmorethanonebitlion 14 a Lookat the inventions
yourreasons.
most
important.
think
are
the
Write
brief
notes
about
peopre.
C h i n e sm
e a i n l ys p e a k
_
thetelevision thewheel thetelephone the lightbulb
Mandarin
butthereareover
paper the car the Internet gunpowderthe computer
r5o otherlanguages
and
dialects
spokenthroughout
b Withotherstudents,
try to agreeonthethreemostimportant
country.
_
inventions.
Use
the
language
in the Howto boxto helpyou.
I'vegotthreeChinese
silk
dresses: redoneandtwo
blackones.I thinkl'il wear
Lifelong learning
_ redonefor my party.
AmyTanis _
Usingtechnology
famous
Chinese-American
novelist.
Howmuchdo youusetechnology
to helpwithyourlearning?
In 1989shewrote_
book
r Doyoudo thesethings:often,sometimes
or never?Why?
catledlhe loy LuckCIub.
bookhasnowbecome
z Whichoneswouldyouliketo do more?
a best-seller.
o do exercises
on CD-Rom
umbrella
wasinvented
o watchEnglish-speaking
around45oADto protect
filmsor TVprogrammes
peoplefromsunand
_
o listento songsin English
rain.
' Z o n g Z i ' i s d i s hm a d eo f
o emailpeople
in English
_
riceandbambooleaves
. access
English
websites
or takepartin onlinechatin English
andis traditionally
eaten
o listento English
radio
duringthe Dragon
festivat.
adiectives
andadverbs
givea presentation
abouta place
Reading
Discuss.
In whatwaysdo youthinkthings
nowadays
arethe sameasor differentfrom
twentyyearsago?Thinkaboutfood,clothes,
music,etc.
2
Readtheextract
froma newspaper
article
you
belowDoesthewritermention
anything
talkedabout?
to stay?Is every
ls the uniformity of globalisation here
same?l:j::
ur! D4
ue the
LU be
dooT"d.to
world ooom€tr
the worto
in the
street in
high street
high
and taking
languages
nigfrrf, hnguage ki[ing other
what he
on
orr"". tfr" *orUi Oliver Hughes rePorts
of the good
found in Europe and laments the passing
samethings'
I found towns with the
countrYI was in'
3
Divideinto groups.
5
StudentsA: readthe texton paget47 andchoosethe bestsummary
sentence
betow(A,B or C).
Students
B: readthe texton pager48 andchoosethe bestsummary
sentence
betow(A,B or C).
r
A 0ne majoradvantage
of globalisation
is the meltingpot of cultures
andthe creation
of newthings.
B Themostdamaging
aspectof globalisation
is that peoplelosetheir
senseof national
identity.
C Theincredible
choicewe havenowadays
is muchpreferable
to the
limitedavaitability
of theotddays.
4
StudentsA: Readyourtext againand answerthe questionsbelow.
r Doesthewritermostlyagreeor disagree
withOliverHughes?
'the
z Whatdoeshe meanby
tyrannyof geography'?
3 Whatis the mainpointhe makesabouthisownhighstreet?
n r a n d [si k eZ a r aa n dM u j i ?
4 W h yd o e sh e m e n t i o b
'we increasingly
defineourselves'?
5 Whatdoeshe meanby
StudentsB: Readyourtext againand answerthe questionsbelow.
r Doesthewritermostlyagreeor disagree
withOliverHughes?
z W h a ti s t h em a i np o i n th e m a k e sa b o u ft o o d ?
aboutmusic?
3 Doeshe agreewithOliverHughes
What
does
he
mean
by'a
new
type
of Engtish
hasbeencreated'?
4
'single'
he makesbetween
a
language
anda
5 Whatis the distinction
'common'
[anguage?
Workin pairswith one
s t u d e nA
t a n do n es t u d e n B
t .
Tellyourpartnerabout
yourtextusingyour
answersfromEx.4.
trhewrifer"offfre leffer I
rc*# drs*greessfrongfy
wifft *firrer'ffughes"tr,he
er s$ysfAoff$e
divsrsffy*nd r&*rre fr ffus
lrydern warldis ...
z In whatwaysarethe
opinionsin thetwo letters
a.)the sameand
b) different?
Whichof the
two lettersis closestto
yourpointof view?
&
Discuss.
Do you thinkthe otd
daysreallywere'the good
old days'?
ffi,T I adi*rtiv*candadverbs
#Wm
V
8
aaChoose
thecorrectalternatives
for rulesr
andz in theActivegrammar
box.Findexamples
of adjectives
in thetextson pages47 and48
to helpyouif necessary.
r
z
3
4
5
Active grammar
Adjectives
r Adjectives
areusedto modifynounsl
verbs
z Position
of adjectives:
usuallydirectly
beforelafterthenoun
Adverbs
are
3 Adverbs(andadverbialphrases)
usedto modifyverbs,adjectives
and
otheradverbs
of adverbs:
+ Position
At beginningof a sentence
(whichjoina clause
A Connecting
adverbs
to whatcamebefore),e.g.Nevertheless,
Then,_
(if the adverbis notthe
B Timeadverbs
mainfocusof the message),
e.g.
Tomorrow,
Lostyear,
In the middleof a sentence(beforethe
mainverb)
C Adverbs
of certainty
andcompleteness,
e.g.probobly,neorly,
,_
D Adverbsof indefinitefrequency,
e.g.
often,sometimes,_
E Adverbsof comment,
e.g.stupidly,
ignorantly,
F Someadverbs
of manner(if the adverb
is notthe mainfocusof the message),
e.g.quickly,rudely,
At the end of a sentence
G Adverbsof manner(alsoseeF above),
e.g.slowly,
H Adverbsof place,e.g.upstoirs,in the
corner,
I Adverbsof time (alsoseeB above),e.g.
this morning,o whileogo,_
E* Lookat the underlined
adverbsand
adverbialphrasesin the textson pages147
and r48.Writethem in the correctplacein the
Activegrammarbox A-1.
:l'i:
lil'ii'rr'lt
i' r.lit(li: .;,)
F o re a c hs e n t e n c ed,e c i d ei f t h e u n d e r l i n e d
wordsare adjectives
or adverbs.
6
7
g
Sheiivesl'r a io,relv
villagebut it'squitea
l o n e t vp l a c e .
He'sa liveL,r
child5ut canbe a bit siltv
sometirnes.
A: Howareyou? B: 'n fine.'!hanks.
-helr're
Don'teatthosemushroo'ns.
deadlv.
H ec a nj u m pr e a l l yh i g h .r ' l rs r , r ef e ' 1d1o w e t [
i n t h ec o m p e t i t i o n .
| got up veryeartvandcarJgr::-eea'1,,
I.ain.
He'sa rea[[yfriendtv
dogbut c-i:e -q.'.']
Writethe missingadverbor adverbialphrasein
bold in the correctptacein the sentences.llrryo
differentpositionsmay be possible.
r
z
I
4
5
6
I wantto try the locatfoodwhenI'rn]n
Thailand.
definitely
I spiltmy coffeeall overmy newjacket.
accidentally
I workin a realtymodernbuitding.
on the 19th
floor
| wenton a tourof sixcapitalcitiesin Europe.
last month
My grandmother
hasbeenon an aeroptane
in
herwholelife.never
Thenewbuildingis designed
to be both
practical.
attractive
and
expertly
Person to person
1O a Choosethe correctalternatives
for eachoair
of sentences.
complete/completely
1 a Doyouusually
finisha bookbefore
startinga newone?
b Howdo youfeelaboutworkingwhenyour
d e s ki s a
mess?
definite/definitely
2 a l s t h e r ea n y t h i nygo u_
t h i sw e e k e n d ?
b Haveyougot any_
n e x th o l i d a y ?
w a n tt o d o
ptansfor your
late/lately
3 a Areyouthe kindof personwho is often
forthings?
b HaveyouboughtanynewCDs
?
b Askandanswer
theouestions
witha
oartner.
Vocabulary
I verbphrases
withrafte
1 1 Matchthe underlined
verbphraseswith the
definitionsa-h.
r Wetakeit for grantedthat we havehuge
choicenowadays.
z ls English
takingovertheworld?
Thailand's
unspoiltbeautytookmv breath
3
atvey.
of peopletookpartin a
4 Thousands
demonstration
to savetheold townhal[.
in my citybeganto takeoff aboutro
5 Tourism
yearsago.
6 | foundit hardto takein whatthe touristguide
wassaying.
in
7 He'salwaysverycalmandtakeseverything
hisstride.
8 TheltalianpeopleI metwerereallyfriendty.
I
tookto themimmediately.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
to startto increase/improve
to startto likesomeone
or something
to understand
whatyousee,reador hear
to takecontroIof or takeresponsibility
for
something
to do something
withotherpeople
together
to believe
thatsomething
is truewithout
makingsure
to copecalmlywiththingswithoutmakinga
fuss
to be verysurprised
is very
because
something
beautiful
or exciting
L$ Discuss.
r
z
3
4
5
Whenwasthe lasttimeyoutookpartin a race
or a competition?
Areyouthetypeof personwho usuatly
takes
thingsin yourstride?
ls thereanyonethatyousometimes
takefor
granted?
Wastherea pointwhenyoufeltyourEnglish
reallystartedto takeoff?lf so,whenandwhy?
Canyouthinkof something
thathastaken
yourbreathawayrecently?
eaking
14 a Givea shortpresentation
abouta city you
know First,mal<enotesaboutthe following.
. maineventsin its history
. ahVrecentchanges
. mainpositive
features
of the place
. anydifficulties
problems
or
the placehas
. maintouristattractions
. liketyfuturesituation/changes/probtems
12 Comptete
the sentences
with the correctform
o f t h e p h r a s e isn E x . 1 1 .
I didn't
the pianoat first,but nowI
loveit.
z Don't
that l'il cookfor Vou.Youshould
check.
the racebecause
r
3 | decidednotto
hurtmy ankle.
4 He'squiteotdnowso hissonis goingto
the business.
Theviewof the mountains
will
. lt's
absolutely
amazing.
Shehadn'tdoneverywellbeforebut her
career
whenshejoinedthiscompany.
Therewill be a lot of changes
in the
department.
Weneedsomeone
whowi[[
andnot needtoo muchsupport.
It washardto _
everything
thatwas
happening
in the fitmbecause
it wasa very
complicated
story.
r
givingyourpresentation
b Practise
to your
partner.
Whenyoulistento yourpartner's
presentation,
canyougiveanyadvice
to
improve
it?Lookat thesequestions
to helpyou
giveadvice.
r Wastheinformation
organised
ctearly?
z Didhe/she
speak
slowly,
toudly,
clearty
enough?
1fi Giveyourpresentation
to theclass.
Whichof
youheardaboutwouldyoumostlike
theplaces
to visit?
#l*kingRo*ns
a, Readtherulesaboutmakingnouns.
4
of yourown.
b Lookat theexamples
andwritesomemoreexamples
RULES
EXAMPLES
-er/-oris usedto makenounsfromverbs
(oftenfor a personwho doesan activityor
job)
for a thingwhichdoesa particular
-isfis oftenusedto makenounsfromnouns
(oftenfor jobs,for peoplewho playmusical
instruments
andfor holdersof oarticular
betiefs)
-(t)ion/-sion
is onewayof makingnounsfrom
r
in lsnt1 inventar
apen* ba -apenef
2
la sl-, iaumalist
p 6 -r pramlbf
saeial-+sseia{lsf
3
inventq inventisn
pollute< pallutian
verbs
-nessis onewayof makingnounsfromadiectives
k-r wegkn
mother< moth
oad
6
is very
Careerdevelopment
important
to me.
My longestandmost
important
friendship
startedin my childhood.
Thereis a lot of pollutionin
my neighbourhood.
Oneof my biggest
weaknesses
is
forgetfulness.
| thinkscientists
shouldbe
oaidmorethanmusicians.
is
Goodcommunication
in a successful
essential
relationship.
Complete
the sentences
with the correctnounform usingtheword
in botd.
1 My bossreallyis the best
I'veeverhad.employ
in Scotland.
chitd
z Shespentmostof her_
. happy
3 Lotsof moneydoesn'talwaysleadto
Wait
know
what
to do.supervise
until
the
arrives.
She'[[
4
in termsof workinghours.flexible
5 Thejob offersa lot of _
5 Weneedto improve
between
departments.
communicate
. violin
7 My cousinis a verytalented
8 Therehasbeena
in the numberof trainsin service.
reduce
growth
Fresh
and
vegetables
are
important
for
a
child's
.
9
develop
ro Therehasbeena bigincrease
in the
of the golfclub.
member
I
4
5
othercommonendingsfor nounsarel.-ment,-ity,
-hood,-ship
g
which
* In pairs,decidL,e
you
words
think firave
the
mainstressin eachof these
sentences.
a Onenounin eachgroupis wrong.Findthe incorrectword and
correctit.
producement,
r involvement,
replacement
arrangement,
partnership,
z friendship,
membership,
enjoyship
manhood,
neighbourhood
employhood,
3 brotherhood,
pianist,
physicist,
typewritist,
scientist
+
modernness
readiness,
forgiveness,
5 forgetfulness,
6 alteration,
donaiion,
develoption,
admission
Listento all the correctnounsin the groupsaboveand
b
underlinethe mainstressin eachword.
invol
ent
Listenandcheck
b
yourideas.
* Thinkabouthowfareach
of thestatements
aboveis
you.
truefor
yourreactions
d Compare
to
thestatements
withanother
student.
Lessons
fromhist*ry
ffi
Readthesixquotesabout
historybelowandmatch
twoofthemto eachofthese
explanations.
A Learning
history
is a waste
of time
Learning
aboutthe pastis
important
for thefuture
It is difficutt
but essential
to learnfromh,lstory
Discuss.
r Whatwasyourmost/least
favourite
subjectat school?
Why?
z Whichdo youthinkarethethreemostimportant
subjects
to study
at schoot?
Why?
3 Arethereanysubjectsyou hadto giveup beforeyouwantedto?
whv?
youwishyou'dstudiedharderin?Why?
4 Arethereanysubjects
you
Do
think
it's
important
to do vocational
subjects
at school,
5
e.g.mechanics,
metalwork,
cookery?
Why/Whynot?
6 Doyouthinkit'simportant
for students
to do sport,musicand
dramaat schoo[?
Why/Whynot?
a crl Listento two friends,Martinand Debbie,and answer
thesequestions.
r Howdid Martinfeelaboutmathswhenhe wasat schoo[?
z Whatis he studying
now?Why?
'one
What
is
of the biggestlessons'
thatMartinhaslearned?
3
b T h i n ka b o u ty o u rs c h o odl a y sa n dc o m p l e t e
o n eo f t h e
sentences
belowto makeit true for you.
r Looking
back,I wishI'd...
z NowI'molderandwiser,I reatise
...
that I'verealised
...
3 lt'sonlywiththe benefitof hindsight
One
of
the
biggest
lessons
I've
learned
in
Iife
is...
4
* Compareand discussthe sentence
you completedwith another
student.
'History teaches everything
including the future.' Lam)bltine
'History is a useless heap of
facts.' Lord Chesterfield
'To be ignorant
of the past is to
remain a child.' Cicero
'History is more or less bunk.
It's tradition. We don't want
tradition.' Henry Ford
'Whoever wishes to foresee the
future must consult the past.'
Mactriavelli
'Learning history is easy;
Iearning its lessons seems
almost impossibly difficult.'
Nicholas
4
Bentley
Choose
oneofthequotesin
Ex.3. Discuss
thequotewith
otherstudents.
Doyouhave
thesameopinions?
arrative tenses
Usethe PastSimpleto tall<aboutcompleted
actions
in thepast.
Wegot up earlyundaaughtthen o'clocktrain.
Usethe PastContinuous
to talkaboutactions
in
progress
past.
at a particular
timein the
Formuvcs re + presentparticiple
I waswalkingtCIworkwhenI trippedandfell,
Usethe PastPerfect
Simple
to talkaboutcompleted
actions
thathappened
beforeanother
actionin the
past.
Formhad+ pastparticiple
I'd justftnishedmvlunchwhenthedoarbellrang.
Usethe PastPerfect
Continuous
to talkabout
actions
or situations
whichcontinued
up to thepast
moment
we aretatkingabout.
participle
Formhad+ been+ present
Beforetheymovedto thiscountrytheyhadbeenliving
in Australia.
Articles
Usethedefinitearticlethe:
Withinventions
andspecies
of animal:Thegiant
pundais an endongered
species.
Withnationalgroups:
the British,
theAncientGreeks
Whenthereis onlyoneof something:
thesun
Withrivers,oceans,
seas:fheMediterronean
Sea
Withsuperlatives:
Chinois the mostinteresting
plaeeI've been.
Withparticular
nounswhenit is clearwhatwe are
referringto: Ccnyou turnaff the light,please?
Withpreviously
mentioned
nouns: uldyou likean
applear a banana?Thebananais veryripe.
Specifuing
whichonewe mean: at did voudo
rafiththe bookI lentyou?
Usethe indefinite
articlea/an:
Withjobs:a teacher,
an engineer
Withsingular
countable
nouns(mentioned
forthe
firsttimeor whenit doesn'tmatterwhichone):/'d
like an apple.
Useno article(thezeroarticle):
Withmoststreets,
villages,
towns,cities,countries,
lakes,mountains:
Italy,Mount i
(Forcountries
andgroupsof islands/mountains
in
'the':
the pluralwe use
fheNetherlands.)
plurat
Withuncountabte,
nounsused
andabstract
in theirgeneralsense:Accommodation
is difficultto
find.
Adjectives
areusedto describe
nouns.Theyusually
comedirectly
before
thenoun.
I livein a reallybeautifulcity.
(andadverbial
Adverbs
phrases)
areusedto modify
verbs,adjectives
andotheradverbs.
Thepositionof
adverbs
in a sentence
canvary,depending
onthe
mainfocusof themessage.
Position
of adverbs:
At the beginning
of a sentence
Connecting
adverbs
andTimeadverbs(if the adverb
is notthe mainfocusof the message)
(beforethe mainverb)
In the middleof a sentence
Adverbs
of certainty
andcompteteness,
Adverbs
of indefinite
frequency,
Adverbs
of comment,
some
(iftheadverbis notthemain
Adverbs
of manner
focusof the message)
At theendof a sentence
(seeabove),
Adverbs
of manner
Adverbs
of place,
TimeAdverbs(seeabove)
Manyadverbs
endin -y,butsomewordsendingin
-y areadjectives
notadverbs.
e.g.friendly,
lively,
lonely,silly
Therearealsomanyadverbs
whichdo notendin -y.
e.g.late,fast,fine,hord,high,well
Sometimes
the adjective
andadverbhavethe same
form:fost, hard,fine, early,doily
Heworkedreallyhard. Thischairis toohard.
Key voc
ulary
Age
modern ancient antique traditional
second-hand
elderly old-fmhiqnedtrendy
fashionabte
Timeexpressions
while during throughoutat thattime
in (zr8ec) in the (8thcenturyac)
fromthatpointon sincethen afterthat
up untiIthatpoint untilthe$rd century
ac)
(fewcenturies)
for the previous
Materials
leather porcelaindenim bronze silk iron
lycra wool gold rubber cotton silver
Describing
objects
soft stretchy shiny smooth rough furry
stippery itchy
Verbphraseswith fake
takeoff taketo takein takepartin takeover
takemybreathaway takeit for granted
takeit in one'sstride
Fiveof the sentences
havea missingword.Find
the sentences
and writethe word in the correct
place.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
;3
Wehadwalkingfor twentyminuteswhenit
startedto rain.
Youremember
to bringthat bookyesterday?
WhenI gotto the party,Jackalreadygone
home.
| wentbackto my hometownafterfifteenyears
andfoundthatit hadchanged
a [ot.
W h i l eC r i s t i nsai t t i n go n t h eb u s ,s o m e o n e
stoteherwallet.
ThedoorbellrangandI hadn'tevengot
dressed
!
Someone
finallyanswered
the phoneafterI'd
waitingfor ten minutes.
Complete
the sentences
by writingthe correct
form of the verbsin brackets.
:r ':,:'
, ., : ,
.','',.1, .1..:.
:
'--
, :'i
.l-. , ..: :.,
Complete
the pairsof sentences
withthe
correctadjective
andadverb.
quiet/quietly
ietirir: *ir*
rif #e iTfirfi #;il:;;iJ fi:* ex':;.trj
?br'.'e -+;:e*fiir:q fu:* *;;i*iJ::. i, {.!?i:'i i:**t f**.
r
bad/badty
a I feltandhurtmysetfquite_
.
pollution
b The
is very
in thispartof
town.
z careful/carefully
a Don'tworry.He'sa very_
driver.
b Youreallyneedto do yourhomework
more
3 perfect/perfectly
a Yourpronunciation
is absotutety
_
b PetraspeaksEngtish
almost_
.
now.
Choosethe correctalternatives.
i t'n-':St?t:it;'Sii+i',liv'
i,;if i',' fr":,:ii:* :!t;S:;.
r
(work)on the reportfor five
1 |_
(not/be)
dayswhenshetoldme it _
necessary.
(you/do)whenI phoned?
z What
lt
(be)verynoisy.
(get)homethat I
It wasn'tuntit| _
(steat).
realised
mywallet
(do)at
I canremember
what| _
exactty
midnightlastNewYear.
I wasembarrassed
because
she
(wrapup) her
(arrive)before| _
birthdaypresent.
(you/tearn)
6 _
the guitarfor a longtime
beforeyou gaveup?
Thenewshopping
centreis enormous/
enormously.
z I couldn'tbelieveit. Theexamwasincredible/
incrediblyeasy.
quick/quickly
Hedrovefrighteningly
alongthe
motorway.
I can'tgo out untill'vecomplete/completely
finishedmy homework.
I thoughtthe mealwoutdbe cheapbut it was
surprising/surprising Iy expensive.
yougot
6 l'mabsolutely
certoin/certainlythat
theanswer
right.
Onewordis wrongin eachsentence.
Findand
correct
it.
PUIa/an or the in thesesentencesif necessary.
il1'{itti;1i:!.:;iligriir*.s ;:; ;t ;';:.-,*'.'
:.'i: ,-t::,'t,i':1;
r,:l:l:/r". n14g:!;,,
r
r
2
3
6
7
8
Shelivesin Alexandra
Road.lt'snotfarfrom
postoffice.
People
saythatBritisharereserved.
I'mnot surebut lthink I'd[iketo be architect
whenI growup.
Don'tforgetyoursuncream.
Sunis verystrong
today.
Leisure
for mostpeoplein
timeis increasing
Eurooe.
Westayedat verynicehotelin Barcelona.
Thatwasoneof bestbooksI'vereadfor ages.
Shal[we sit in gardenfor a while?
z
3
4
5
6
I d o n ' t u s u a l l yw e a rw o o I b e c a u s eI f i n d i t t o o
stretchy.
''
W h e n I f i r s tv i s i t e dR o m e ,i t t o o k m y h " 4
away.
She'sgotall the mostfashionclothes.
I'vedecided
to takepartof a writing
competition.
I'vebeenworkingin a caf6whitethe summer.
I tikegoingto secondtimeshopsandbuying
otdclothes.
There's
too muchinformation
to takeon at
once.
I brokemy leglastyear.Sincethat,I haven't
playedfootbatl.
:"
Discuss.
In what waysdo you thinkthe peoplein the photosmight
be 'tal<inga risl<'?
g
in eachof the sentences
Whichalternative
belowis not possible?
r Movingabroadwithouta job canbe a bit of a risk/gomblehozord.
z You'llneverget anotherluck/opportunity/chonce
tikethisto travel.
Therearea lot of lobsat stoketisk/gomble.
3 We needthis contract.
is to go to the NorthPole.
4 My onerealambition/dreamhelief
go
quite
lf
don't
back
now
we
there's
a big,.,Substantiafvast
riskthat
5
w e ' l ls e tr a r r e hitn a s t o r m .
5 Forsomepeopledoingsomething
thatno oneelsehaseverdone
jnfatuationfull-consuming
canbecomean obsession
passion.
hardly/amazingly/ncrediblybrave
I
think
they're
to
walk
acrossthat
Z
withouta safetynet.Whatif theylostconcentration
tightrope
for a
s e c odn?
3
CE Listento this youngwomantalkingabouther attitudeto risk
a n da n s w e trh e q u e s t i o n s .
r W h a ta m a z i ntgh i n gd i dh e rb r o t h eor n c ed o ?
z Whatadventure
is sheconsidering?
4
Discuss.
a
b
c
d
youknow)lasttakea bigrisk?
Whendid you (orsomeone
Whatdid it involvedoing?
Howdid you (orhe/she)feelbefore/during/afterwards?
Wouldyou (orhe/she)do something
tikethatagain?
ffstructures
-:-:write a diaryentry
Reading
Discuss.
Doyou liketo spenda lot of timeon
yourown?Why/Whynot?
z Doyoupreferworkingin a groupor
on yourown?Why?
3 Doyoupreferteamor solosports?
r
,
Etlen
MacArth
has beenwelcomedhomeby hugecrowdsaftersailingsolo aroundthe
worldin recordtime.(A)_
. 28-year-old
MacArthurbattledstorms
journey.She finally
and highwindsfor muchof the 44,000-kilometre
c o m p l e t ehde r v o y a g ei n 7 1 d a y s1 4 h o u r s1 8 m i n u t e sa n d 3 3 s e c o n d s
beatingthe existingrecordby 33 hours.
I met up with her the day afterher returnand we wentto see her boat
'She
'She
talks,'saysEllenwith completesincerity.
talksto me.'
Readthe text and tick (/) the topics
mentioned.
This is why she riskedher lifeand sanityto becomethe fastestperson
everto sailalonearoundthe world:not fameor monevor evenwi
r Ellen's
achievement
!
z Herattitudeto herboat !
3 Hertovelife !
4 Herboat'sfacilitiestr
a solosailorneeds!
5 Thequatities
5 Thecostsofthe voyage!
betweensailingin
7 Thedifferences
and
today
969
!
important
thoughthatis to her.(B)_
Her boat,namedB&Q afterher sponsors,is 23m longand 15mwide,
the cabinis no morethan2.5m by 1.5m.lt containsa bunk,a chart
table,twin computerscreensand navigational
equipment,a singlegas
burnerand a sinkthe size of a largebowl.That'sit. No toilet(justa
bucket),no shower,no comfortsexcepta cuddlytoy or two. (C) _
Did you everget lonely,I ask. 'No,'shesayswithouthesitation.
She is
'Oftenyou
alsodismissiveof fear.
don'tknowwhat'sgoingto happen
whenthere'sa big stormcomingso, whenyou'reactuallyin it, it's
better.Thenyou can get on and do whatyou haveto do.'
Apartfrom breakingthe time set by FrancisJoyonlastyear,MacArthur
is onlythe secondpersoneverto sailsolo non-stoparoundthe world
on a multi-hullboat.Six timesmorepeoplethanthat havestoodon the
Moon.Morethan 1800haveclimbedEverest.And four men,all great
sailors,havealreadytriedand failedto matchthe feat of Joyon.
( D )_
'That's
the commonmisconception,
that it's all downto size and
muscle,'saysSir RobinKnox-Johnston,
the firstpersonto sailsolo
non-stoparoundthe world.'Single-handed
sailingis reallyall aboutthe
mind.'
Knox-Johnston,65,
sailedintothe recordbooksin 1969when he
becamethe firstpersonto sail non-stoparoundthe worldalonein his
10mwoodenyacht,Suhaili (E)_
. 'Youneedto be ableto focus,
dealwith thingsaloneand haveincrediblelevelsof self-discipline.
lf you don'thavean extremementaltoughness,you probablywon't
survive,'he adds.
The technologyhas changedgreatlysinceKnox-Johnston's
day.Now
you can watchwhat happenson boardvia cameras,listento audio
linksand communicate
by email.(F)_
. He usedan old-fashioned
sextantto work out his positionand madecrudeweatherpredictions
with a barometertakenfrom a localoub.
Today,sailorsuse GPS positioning
for accurateplottingof theirexact
locationand get highlyaccurateweatherforecastsfromtheirteam
onshore.However,as the veteranyachtsmansays:'lf we'd had all
the modernequipment,it wouldhavesavedus time but rescueis still
not guaranteedand the hazardsremainthe same.I don'tthinkthe
challengeis any less,it'sjust different.
The courseis the same.'
e5
Eachof the followingsentences
comesfromthe text. Readit again
and decidewhereeachone shouldgo.
r Ellen,standing
at justr.5mtall,is the firstto succeed.
z Hefinishedin 3rz days.
3 Shetellsmeshewashedtwiceon the trip,oncein a rainstorm
and
onceusingsomeof herfreshdrinking
water.
to the earlydaysof single-handed
4 Thisis verydifferent
sailing
whenSirRobinKnox-Johnston
lostthe useof hisradioand
therefore
all contactwiththeoutsideworld.
5 Whatmattersis livingas onewith herboatandthe sea.
6 Thisachievement
establishes
heras possibly
the greatest
sailor
Britainhaseverproduced.
"*
Discuss.
Fromthe articlewhatis yourimpression
of E[[enMacArthur?
In
whatwaysdo youthinkyouarelikeher?
z Howwouldyoufeelaboutbeingaloneon a boatlikeEllen's
for 7r
days?Whatwouldyou missthe most?
3 DoyouagreewithSirRobinKnox-Johnston
whenhe compares
his
voyagein ry69andEllen's
andsays:'l don'tthinkthe chailenge
is
anyless,it'sjustdifferent.
Thecourseis the same.'
6
Correctthe mistakein each
of the followingsentences.
r
z
3
4
5
r
5
7
{Frg,
S
&r I if struetures{rJ
;a Lookat thestructures
A-Cin theActivegrammar
boxand
complete
examptes
r-3 withdon't, won,t, would,hoveor had.
D oy o up h o n em e i f
goeswrong?
anything
Whatyou havedoneif a
nearbyboathadn'tpicked
up yourdistress
cal[?
Youhadfeela lot better
aboutthingsif youtooka
riskandleftyourjob.
Whatyou [iketo do if you
hadsomefreetimeand
money?
lf I didn'ttakea yearoff
to cycleacrossAfrica,I
wouldn'thavemetmv
hu s b a n d .
lf you'lIseeJohn,canyou
askhimif he'sgoingto
comeparachuting
with us
at the weekend?
| wouldn'tsuggest
you
comeif I'd knownyou were
afraidof heights.
Person to person
Active grammar
the chonce?
z lf we_
had all the modernequipment,it would
savedus time.
havean extremementaltoughness,you
3 lf you_
probably_
survive.
A Usef + presenttense,+ razl/
to talk aboutfuturepossibility.
(Oftencalledthe FirstConditional).
B Uself + pasttense,+ wouldto talk aboutpresentor future
unrealor imagined
(Oftencalledthe Second
situations.
Conditional.)
C Uself +PastPerfect,
+ wouldhovetotatkaboutunrealor
imagined
situations
in the past.(OftencalledtheThird
Conditional.)
, ,
fu Now matchthe rulesA-C in the Activegrammarbox to eachof
the examplesr-3.
see Reference
page Sg
lf I seeMatt, I'll ask him if he
wantsto cometo my party at
the weekend.
fu lmagineyou had more
time eachweekto do the
thingsyou enjoy.Tel[another
studenthow you would
spendthat time.
lf I had more e, first of all I
think I wouldhavesomepiano
Iessonsbecause...
* T h i n ka b o u tm a j o r
decisions
you havemade
in the past.lmagineif you
had madea differentchoice.
Explainto anotherstudent
w h a ty o u t h i n ky o u m i g h t
havedone.
lf I hadn't had childrenin my
zos, I wouldhavetravelled
more.l've olwoyswantedto
go to Braziland ...
I
diary.Whatis themain
fromEllen's
Readtheseextracts
t h i n gs h ew r i t e sa b o u ot n Dayr, Day3 andDay4?
Day I
leaving
It was pretty a.rnaain€for me the emotion of
dovrn the
off
me
people
wave
the
the dock and seeing all
workin$
was
I
as
night
the
Channel It frnally hit me duing
I
Globe' It
Vend6e
the
on tJ:e computer: This is it I'm doing
with it "'
on
hadn't really sunk in until then' So I'd bett'er Elet'
Day I
(a doctor)
epproacning Spanish coast' Spoke to m5runcle
wire
hot
burning
a
today, to ask him if I should' stick
as it was
pressure
of
through my fingernail to release abit
last
valve
a
black a,fter I trapped it while trying to open
a
leavin$
out'
night. The answer was yes' The blood spurted
still sore but less painfirly throbbing finger'
I guess lhis is
I'm not totally happy with the boat speed'
carrying for the
I'm
partly due to the extra wei$ht of what
next three months.
Day 4
right on the
Steep, savage seas,with forty-five-knot blasts
I've spent
toughest
the
Cape of NW Spain. Last ni$ht was
onboard..Thewindwentfromfifteentoforty-fiveknotsin
I couldn't stop
thirty seconds.The seaswere just horrific'
on to t'he
her leaping over each wave and crashing dornm
the stores
which
on
shelving
next. At one point, the carbon
are stacked collapsed. Very tired'
GIossarY
yachtrace
1 Vendde
= a round-the-wortd
Globe
I
D i s c u sisn p a i r s .
r
for
do youthinkarethe mosttypicatreasons
Whichof the fottowing
k e e p i nag d i a r y ?
. as a personal
recordof experiences
I as a wayof practising
yourEnglish
o as a wayof thinkingthingsthrough
a sa w a yo f c o m m u n i c a t iwnigt hs o m e o neel s e
youwhenyouarestudying
as a wayof hetping
a sa n e m o t i o n ao lu t l e t
as a placeto putspecialprivatethoughts
. as a ptaceto put ideasin caseyouwantto writea novel
a
a
1O ;: Readthe definitionbelow.
Haveyou haveeverreador
w r i t t e na ' b l o g ' ?
A b l o g( o r w e b l o gi )s a d i a r y /
j o u r n atlh a ti s a v a i l a bol en t h e
of updatinga
web.Theactivity
'
b
l
o
g
g
i
n
gs' ,o m e o nweh o
b l o gi s
'blogger'.
l<eeps
a blogis a
b R e a dt h e ' b l o g ' o np a g e1 5 o
a n da n s w e trh e s eq u e s t i o n s .
aregivento
r Whatreasons
explainwhysomepeopte
write'btogs'?
z W h yd o v o ut h i n kt h a t
peoptw
e rite'btogs'?
to writea diarY
11 a Prepare
t ecide
e n t r yo r ' b l o g ' .F i r s d
whatyou wouldlike to write
aboute
, .g.
. whatyoudid tastnight/last
weekend
. howyouarefeeting
. s o m e t h i ni g
m p o r t a nt ht a t
recently
hashappened
. w h a ty o ut h i n ka b o u t
'btogging'
.
etse
something
1* Writeyour diaryentryor
'blog'. (Writeat leastroo
words).
o
a
Haveyoueverkepta diary?lf so,whenandfor how[ong?How
oftendid youwritein it?Whatdid youwriteabout?Didyoumind
in
Whichof the reasons
if otherpeoptesawit orwasit private?
q u e s t i orna b o v ea p p t i e tdo y o u ?
youwouldconsider
lf youhaven'teverkepta diary,is it something
n
o
t
?
W
h
y
/
W
h
y
doing?
a diary'Whatdo you
waysof keeping
Therearemanydifferent
'style'
What
do younoticeabout
diary?
of Ellen's
noticeaboutthe
in herDay4 entry?
of thefirstandlastsentences
the grammar
Llf*lmeag Seeas'ru"ir:.g
Keepinga diary
Keeping
a diarycanbea
verygoodwayto practise
Buya
yourwritingin English.
in
write
and
bool<
to
special
in
try andwritesomething
yourdiaryeveryday(evenif
it is onlya fewwords).
1
Matchthedrawings
to theverbsin thebox.
leap swing land bend balance
stretch flip tuck ro11 lean
t
a)
f
)
3
A
4@.
b)
c)
c)
h)
a Lookat the drawingson page15oand read
the descriptionof three movesinvolvedin free
running.Completeeachone with verbsfrom
Ex.r.
jump: Bendthe kneesand (r)
StandinglBasic
the arms.Throwthe wholebodyfonarards
andbringthe kneesup.(2)
withbent
kneesandro[[.
TheParkourRoll:(l)
the kneesand put
yourhandson the ftoor.(+)
acrossone
shoulder,(S)_
the bodyand rolldiagonaily.
Standup andcontinue
running.
Wallflip: Runand put yourfoot as highas
possibteup the wall.Next, (6,)_
backand
bringthe freelegthrough.Finally,
(Z)_
ano
land.(Hopetutty!)
#
b Howwould you feel abouttrying any of
thesemoves?
=r'?
l
d
)
-
\
*
t
{F
e)
t
f
\
3
@ Listenandfollowtheseinstructions
to
do a relaxation
exercise.
4
a Workin pairs.Student
A lookat thepictures
andreadtheinstructions
on pager48.Student
B lookat thepictures
andreadtheinstructions
on page149.
b Whenyouunderstand
the move,tellyour
partner
whatto do.Checl<
thattheydo it
correctly.
Reading
and
ReadthearticlequicklY
question.
What
this
answer
doesit sayyouneedto do to
beableto do'freerunning'
successfully?
5
Ru
$ Free
'Parkour' - or free running - is the
world and to spread the PhilosoPhY,'
he says.This philosophy is all about
last-growingextreme sport that turns
challenging and improving yourself,
into
landscaPes
everyday urban
maintaining a zenJike calm'
while
obstacle courses. Caroline Williams
That's why there are no competitions
meets the man who started it all.
'le
in parkour, and definitely no world
Loosely translated,
Parkour'
'using every object in your path
records. When asked what is the
means
highest he has ever jumPed, Foucan
as an obstacle'.It beganin l9B7 in the
'I
7
replies: have no idea.'
Paris suburbs, n'here bored teenagers
There have been serious setbacks.
Sebastien Foucan and David Belle 5
person died after trying some of
One
interesting.
more
decided to make Iife
'Interesting' involved climbing up
the moves in the Yamakasi film. And
since the rise of parkour's popularity
buildings, swinging around lamp posts
amongst the general public there have
and vaulting arything that stayed still
'\\'e were just kids
more than a few broken bones.
been
for long enough.
'The key thing,' saysEz (pronounced
who started playing a game, and we've
'ee-zee'), a founder member of the
never really stopped,' savsFoucan'
'is
movement, that you must learn how
With six friends, they set uP
'Yamakasi' - a group rvhich later split
to roll. It's very important becauseif
moving for-wardswith a lot of
you're
when five of them opted to take work
momentum and you don't roll, Your
as theatre acrobats, but not before it
legs take the shock. If You can roll
had led to a 2001 film of the same
- acrossyour shoulder, never on your
name. Yet, despite all the splits and
spine - it transfers the energy so you
personal differences, what thev refer
'the
don't get hurt. You land, You roll, You
discipline'liveson.
to as
stand up and you keeP running.'
Fifteen years later, it's a global
6
And if you are going to leaP from a
phenomenon.TheUK-based Parkour
building, or evenjust off the back
tall
website gets 10,000 visitors a daY.
of your sofa, you should know how to
Foucan is surprised to say the least.
'You might think you
'For me, it's amazing but it's my goal
land properly.
just bend your knees,but actually you
to meet people from all over the
&
Readthe articleagainand decideif the
fottowingstatementsare true (T) or fatse(F).
in France.
invented
r 'Freerunning'was
a wayof fightingboredom.
z lt wasoriginally
'Yamakasi'
andit
3 A groupof friendscreated
still exists.
thispoputar.
knewit wouldbecome
4 Foucan
'u*
to ru,,a ;; ,;. ;;u or your root,
bend your knees in a certain waY and
slap the floor with your hand. It takes
the shock out of landing entirely.' It
looks painful but he insistsit doesn't
hurt nearly asmuch aswhen he landed
flat on his heelsone time and couldn't
walk for nine weeks.
Once you've masteredthesemoves,
you can create as manY jumPs and
death-defying handstands off the
edges of buildings as you like. But,
as the clich6 goes, it's practice that
makes perfect. And you have to be
able to suppress any last-minute
'When you get scared,
doubtsor fears.
you become more rigid in Your
movements, your muscles become
tense and you're more likely to lose
co-ordination,' says Professor Stuart
'The
Biddle, a sports psychologist.
mind plays a massivepart,' agreesEz.
'When you're standing at the edge of
one buildingleaningto do a spotjump,
you fall until the very last second and
then jump. It's scarybecauseYou can
see exactly how lar uP You are it
might be eighteenor twenty metres.If
the fear getsto you, it's all over, so you
really have to have confidence in your
training.'
whodo freerunningaren'tcompetitive'
People
thingsis to
Ezsaysoneof the mostimportant
be fit.
whitefreerunning.
7 Hehasneverhurthimsetf
8 Fearhasa badeffecton vourco'ordination.
5
6
9
Ezneverfeetsanyfear.
ry
I
Findwordsin the text whichmean:
r to jumpoversomething
in onemove(para.z)
z to chooseonethingoveranother(para.3)
thathappens
thatstopsyoufrom
3 a probtem
(para.S)
makingprogress
+ the forceor energythatmakesa moving
obiectcontinue
to move(para.5)
thatis usedtoo oftenandno
5 an expression
(para.)
longerhasanyrealmeaning
6 stiffandnot movingor bending(para.7)
* Decideif thereareany differences
behveenr
eachpairof sentences.
Explainwhatthey are.
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
a
b
Discuss.
ls 'freerunning'
a goodthingfor youngpeople
to be involved
in?Why/Whynot?
z Whodo youthinkmightbe opposed
to'free
running'?
Whymightthat be?
r
I muststopsmoking.
I haveto stopsmoking.
Youdon'thaveto weara tie.
Youshoutdn't
weara tie.
Youshouldtell herhowyoufee[.
Yououghtto telIherhowyoufeet.
Youdidn'thaveto waitfor me.
Youdidn'tneedto waitfor me.
Wedidn'tneedto runfor the train.
Weneedn'thaverunfor thetrain.
p{?gte
-rer:Referer:{:e
=s..!}
L* * Thewordsin theboxaremissing
fromthe
textbelow.Notewhereeachoneshouldgo.
J
#trf,i,
g
&,ff I expressing
rbligatlon
1
__.rr ____
supposed
didn't
_._.. _ i
,
! shoutd to had(xz)
j
*. Matcheachexample
r-5 intheActive
grammar
boxwithoneofthemeanings
A-E.
Active g'rammar
Present
t YouShOuldknowhow to landproperly.
z Youmust learnhow to roll.
get permissionto run acrass
3 Yau
certainbuildings.
wearspecialclothes.
4 Yau
do it in groups.
5 YoLt'
gave ut fome inttrvction before We,farfed
off. We lo t,tearlifujackefr of courre bvtl was
A lt's not necessary
for youto do it.
B lt is expected.
C Theobligation
comesfrominside,e.g.
howthe speaker
feels.
D lt's a goodideato do it.
E Theobligation
comesfromoutside,
e.g.
a [aw.
Past
6 Vleshauld_
how to land
properly.
7 We
learnhow to roll.
8 We__*
to get permissionto run
dcrossrcrtain buildings.
!l/e_
to wearspecial
clofhes.
rc We_
ta do it in groups.
* Complete
theexamples
6-10to putthe
sentences
in thepast.
*k
Nowlisten .n"rou";; ,;r-.r;.
"rO
Ferson to persc:r
tr j- Teltanotherstudentonething:
o !ou shoulddo today
r lou shouldhavedoneby now
o lou mustdo thisweek
o lou haveto do everyday
o lou hadto do as a child
r lou didn'thaveto do as a chitd
o lou weresupposed
(butdidn't)
to do recently
emphasis
andcontrast
compare
PhotograPhs
I emBhasis
Gr
B
Listen
g
Workin groups.
lf you knowthe storyof MillionDollarBoby,
telttheotherstudentsin yourgroup(who
in the restof
haven'tseenit) whathappens
thefitm.
lf noneof youhaveseenit, saywhatshocking
to
that is referred
thingmighthavehappened
above.Thencheckyour
in the conversation
of the fitmon
the synopsis
ideasby reading
page46.
::i
7
Whichof
Listento this conversation.
b
the filmsaretheytatkingabout?
c Listenagainand answerthe questions.
r Didbothpeoplelikethefitm?
themeof the fitm?
z Whatis oneimportant
character
3 In whatwaydoesthe ClintEastwood
nottakea riskin the fitm?
In the beginning
whydoestheClintEastwood
notwantto traintheyoungwoman
character
boxer?
doesn't
Dowe discover
whyClintEastwood
havecontactwith hisdaughter?
the
between
is suggested
6 Whatconnection
youngwomanboxerandClintEastwood's
daughter?
*:;
.:a
:;
'I
*
Active grammar
betweenthe film
a Whatis the connection
you
any
of the films?
know
Do
above?
stills
2
r-4 in theActivegrammar
Matchthe examples
A-Dbelow.
boxwiththewaysof emphasising
i:
2
!;
{ent the$?es
tlzrougtzthe film"
3 Theresreso many
runn
tf:
.;l
1i
year
;i
!r
A Userepetition.
1.,
word,e.g.so,sLtch,
B Addan emphasising
l
ail
really,just, elc.
Usethe structure:lt is/wos... which/
thot...
formof do.
Addan appropriate
:|
il
il
,a:
l:t
see Referencepoge Sg
4
* Matchthe sentencehalvesr-7 with a-g. Add
do, doesor did for emphasis.Changethe form of
the verbswherenecessary.
a)
r Sheknows
b)
z I sent
c)
3 Theytike
d)
He
apologised
4
5 Yourealised e)
f)
6 Sheneeds
7 I understand g)
for beingso [ate.
somehelpwithherhomework.
the fitmstartsat 7.3op.m.
youa message
thismorning.
oysters.
howyouarefeeling.
didn'tyou?
theyweremarried,
^1
7
Matchthephrasalverbs
in italics
in these
sentences
to themeanings
a-h.
r Something
hashappened
whichwenever
reallyfindoufabout.
z Sheturnsoutto bea verygoodboxer.
3 ljust couldn'tworkout whyhisdaughter
never
repliedto his letters.
We'verun ouf of milk.Wittyou go nextdoor
andaskTildafor some?
I'vefallenouf with my bestfriend.Shewon't
speakto meat the moment.
Couldyougiveout oneofthesepapersto each
student,please?
It tookthemseveral
hoursto put outthe fireat
the hotel.
There's
beena mistake
withthe bittbut they've
saidthey'llsortit out as soonas possible.
5
b)
c)
d)
e)
&
Listen
to thesentences
below.
Underline
thewords/phrases
whichyouhear
emphasised.
Shehadalwayswantedthisjob.
2
I wentandsawmy doctoryesterday.
I
to askif I couldborrowhisnew
3 decided
Mercedes.
Shereallydoesn'tlikethewordsto theirnew
song.
Hewantsto studysociology
or psychology
at
university.
Hebrokethe kitchenwindowwhilehewas
playingwitha balt.
L
fo Now,givespecial
emphasis
to theparts
of thesentences
youhaveunderlined
by
beginning
eachonewith/f.
It wastltisjob thatshehadalwayswanted.
*
Nowlistenandchecl<
vouranswers.
Person to person
6
{*,Talkaboutoneof thefotlowing:
r a riskyouhavetaken
2 anactoryoureally
tike
place
you
a
love
3
whoisveryimportant
to yot,
4 a person
Makea fewnotesaboutwhatyouwantto
sayaboutit/them.Decide
whatpointsyou
particularly
wantto emphasise.
E: Teltanother
studentaboutit/them.
f)
g)
h)
I
giveto eachperson
stopbeingfriends
become,
happenin a particular
way
extinguish,
stopa fireor cigarette
fromburning
discover,
getinformation
aboutsomething
or
S0meone
put something
in order,correcta mistake
useall of something
so thereis noneleft
calculate,
finda solutionto a problem
ar Complete
the sentences
with one of the
verbsfrom Ex.7 in the correctform.
r
Haveyoueverhadto
out a fire?Whar
happened?
z Whenyouwantto _
out abouta piece
(e.9.whereyoucango bungeeof information
jumping),
whatdo younormally
do?
you
3 Have everbeenin a carwhichhas
out of petrol?
Whathappened?
Have
anyfriendsofyourseverdoneanything
4
strange
andyoucouldn't
out whythey
haddoneit?
Haveyouevermetsomeone
who_
out
to be verydifferentto whatyou imagined
theyweretikeat first?In whatwaywerethey
different?
Haveyouever_
outwitha goodfriend?
lf so,why?Whathappened?
tu In pairs,ask and answerthe questions.
;,
,l
$peaking
g
and
comparing
to someone
Listen
ld
thetwo photos.Howwouldshefeel
contrasting
aboutbeingin eachsituation?
from
sentences
1O a Lookat theseincomplete
words/phrases
what
in Ex.9. Say
thetapescript
eachsentence.
youthinkcomPlete
7
2
4
6
7
8
9
ro
ironing.
They're
a Young
picture,
|In the first
.'.
t-shirt
of brown
manironingsomefixedbetween
Butthe ironingboardis
the sidesof a ravine...
he got there.
I can't
more
Thesecondpictureis of a situation.
ordinary
be out at work.
Hiswife
hischildren.
Heis also
more
picture
Theguy in the first
relaxedthanthe manin the secondpicture,
thoughit mustbe verydangerous.
| am
scaredof heights...
situationl
I wouldn'ttiketo be in -
fo Listenagainand checkyour ideas.
compare and contrast photos
Usecomparingi also,os wellas,both
words/phrases
;
on the otherhand,but,
Use
however, whereas,while
contrasting
words/phrasesMind you ...
Speculate
aboutthe
situation
His wifemight/may/could/must
be at work.
to be
Hedoesn'tseem/appear
enjoyinghimselfmuch.
Giveyour own
reaction
I wouldn'tlike to be in either
situation!
Youwouldn'tget me up therein
a millionyears!
It putsmeoff havingkids!
It makesme wantto giveup my
job andgo travelling.
As lookat thetwo
1 1 a Workin pairs.Student
photoson page149.Student
Bslookat the
photoson pager45.Prepare
to talkaboutthem
to yourpartner.
yourtwo photos
b Showyourpartner
themusingthe
andcontrast
andcompare
in the Howto boxabove.
suggestions
D i s t a n c easn dd i m e n s i o n s
a Check
youknowthewordsin thetablebelow.
Then,complete
it
withthemissing
partsof speech.
Usea dictionary
if necessary.
b
2
ADJECTIVE
NOUN
VERB
long
length
lengthen
(r) -
XXX
shorten
wide
width
(z)-
broad
breadth
(r)-
(+)-
height
heighten
deep
G)_
deepen
low
xxx
(6')_
5
r
We'dlike to expand/
heightenour business
andstartproducing
differentkindsof kitchen
equipment.
z We havegrown/extended
the houseat the back
andnowwe havea much
biggerkitchen.
beach.
3 lt'sa wonderfuI
It stretches/exponds for
miles.
lt's quite a distancellength
to the nextpetrolstation.
lf the city keepsstretching/
spreading, our locaIforest
wi[[disappear.
Theyhad a broadllengthy
conversation
aboutthe
problems
in the company.
Youknowthat metal
controcts/shorfens
when it
becomes
cooler,
don'tyou?
Thisjumperseemsto have
shrunk/reduced
in the
wash!
Listenand checkyouranswers.
Complete
the followingsentences
with the correctform of one of
the wordsfrom the table.
r I knowthe lengthof thisrugbut I don'tknowthe
z Thepoolis quiteshallowat thisendbut do youknowthe_
at
the otherend?
thisroadandmakeit fourlanesinsteadof
3 Theyintendto _
three.
a bit.
4 Thisskirt'stoo short.lt needs_
myjourneyby
s lf I go by carto workinsteadof by train,it _
aboutfifteenminuteswhichis great.
6 Thisbedis very
. lt'salmostlikesleeping
on the floor!
quite
shoulders
andis
muscular.
7 Hehasvery_
3
Choosethe correct
alternatives.Usea dictionary
if necessary.
a Workwith anotherstudentand discussthe difference
between:
r a [ow-riskstrategy/ahigh-riskstrategy
plan/ashort-term
z a long-term
plan
phone
phonecall
call/along-distance
3 a local
longwayround
4 a shortcutto somewhere/a
person/anarrow-minded
person
5 a broad-minded
person
6 sayinga personis skinny/saying
is slim
a
a personis deep
7 sayinga personis shallow/saying
h Describe
a situationor a person.Canyour partnerdecidewhich
word or phraseaboveyou are illustrating?
At I havea
nd wha hasa veryfixed view of the world. He thinks just
lrkehis parentsand isn'tp aredto seeotherpeople\ viewpoints.
He wan't try d rentfoadsar ga aut ta newplaces.Heb reolly... ?
B: Nanow-minded!
4
Discuss.
Whatdo you thinkthe followingexpressions
mean?
r to makea deepimpression
on someone
z to be thrownin at the deeoend
t to be deepin thought
4 to go off at the deepend
rundeep
I stitlwaters
6
& Workwithanother
student.
Prepare
to tella
storyto otherstudents.
The
storymustinvolvesomeone
takinga riskof somekind
andincludeat leastfiveof
thewords/phrases
fromExs.
t , 3 , 4 a n d5 .
b Tetlyourstoryandthen
listento otherstories.
Which
storyinvolved
the biggest
risk?
il
]l
ili
.l
l
l
rng€ lLr1 anfL
'['i'ii:i'
li;]:1 liln t,:;'iirlil
,".1i
1','.'::
t,i,: i
;i:
**8u
'f
,fu
Usethe FirstConditional
to talkabouta possible
situation
in thefuture.
Simple/Present
Continuous/Present
f+ Present
Perfect,
Future/Present
Continuous/|mperative
+
verb
The'if clause'
cancomefirstor second.
Whenthe'f
clause'is
first,we needa commaat theendof the
clause.
lf yeaneedhelp,askme,
We'rego ta get verywetif it roins"
UsetheSecond
Conditional
to talkaboutunlikely
or
imagined
situations
in thepresent/future.
lf + PastSimple/Past
Continuous,
would(or'd) +
infinitive
lf I livedin theeeuntryt'd da a lat rnarewatk
Whenwe arelesscertain,we canusemightinstead
of would.
geveFne
lf sameone
a lataf maney,
t *tight takea year
affwark.
Also,usetheSecond
Conditional
to giveadvice.
UsetheThirdConditional
to talkaboutpast
situations
thatdid nothappen.
wouldhave+ pastparticiple
f + PastPerfect,
lf shehod answered
*tt the questions,
she
p ed the exem,
I mastga ta bedeprtytanight.
Usehaveto/havelgot
fo to tall<aboutpresentand
futurestrongobtJgations
thatoftencomefrom
outsidethespea[er.
Wehaveta weerdpnifonns
at eur aal.
t haveto,'don't needto or needn'fto tall<
abouta lacl<
of obtighJion
in thepresent
or future.
Wedan't needta eheek
in untitan hourb re the
planetea
Useshould(oroughtfo) to talk aboutobligations
anddutiesin thefuture,present
or past,andto give
advice.
Useshould+ have+ pastparticiple
your
to criticise
ownor otherpeople's
behaviour
in the past.
I shou 't havespokento Brianlikethat.
Usesupposed
toto talkaboutwhatpeoptehaveto
do according
to rulesor aboutwhatis expected
to
happen.
Yau'res osedto wesra tieat wark.
Usehadfo to tall<aboutpastandreported
obligations.
teeeher
camein.
Userepetition.
She'ss veryverynicepersoft"
Addan emphasising
word,e.g.so,such,really,just,
etc.
I
so pteased
ta meetyaur sister.
Theyare sueha nieeceuple.
Theconcertwasiustfan tic.Yaumastgo.
Usethe structure:
lt is/wos... which/that
...
If's fhe kitchenthat I pa
tarty like abaut that house.
Add>nappropriate
formof do.
I da h yaueouldsteya bit tonger"
Risk/Achievement
risl< gamble opportunitychance stal<e
ambitiondream biS substantial
PhysicaI
movements
leap swing land bend balancestretch ftip
tucl< roll lean
Partsof the body
elbows chest shouldersshoulder
btades chin
forearm hands thumbs indexfinger
tittlefinger palms fingertips
Phrasalverbswith out
findout runout(of) turnout worl<
out fattout
giveout putout sortout
Distances
anddimensions
tong/tength
n short/shorten
/[engthe
wide/width/widen
broad/breadth/broaden
high/ height/heighten
pth/deepe
deep/de
n
low/lower
Matchthe sentencehalves
r-8 with a-h.
3
r lf the chequearrivestoday,
z lf I hadmoretime,
3 lf I hadheardtheweather
forecast,
a lf I did moreexercise,
5 lf anyonespoketo me like
that,
6 lf I hadn'tfallenin the race,
7 lf I cometo the party,
8 lf I getmy bonusat
Christmas,
angry.
a) | wouldbe extremely
gone
have
b) | wouldn't
watkingin the mountains.
c) l'il buya newcar.
d) | wouldliketo do a pottery
class.
e) | wouldprobabtystart
losingweight.
f) I'msureI wouldhavewon
it.
g) I'tl put it straightin the
bank.
h) wittyou get thema present
frombothof us?
have
You...
z TherulessayI haveto takesomelD.
supposed
t...
for meto getup earlythismorning.
3 lt wasn'tnecessary
need
for us to be in ourseatsat thetheatreby 7.3op.m.
It'snecessary
got
We...
birthday.
It wasn'ta goodideato forgetJanine's
should
You...
Wereyou obligedto do militaryservicewhenyou werer8?
have
D i d. . .
4
with
Complete
the sentences
form of the
the appropriate
verbs.
r
z
3
4
s
o
7
e
Rewritethe first sentenceusingthe wordsin botd so that the
meaningstaysthe same.
r Therewasno needfor vouto wait for me.
Whatwil[we do ifltaxi/not
come/time?
lf l/beenborn/year
earlier,/
m
I done/military
service.
Whatwoutdyoudo iflyou/
offer/betteriob?
lf l/not home/rrp.m./my
dad/be/reatty
angry.
l / n o t / h i r e d lcaa r l i fl l
going
known/expensive/it/
to be.
lfshe/work/hard/between
now/theexams,/she/
probably
pass.
if
We/gone/the
cinemai
we/able/find/babysitter.
hotiday.
lf l/you,/l/go/long
wordin sixof the linesbelow.
Findthe extraandunnecessary
r
My friendJaneit is probablyone of the peopteI admirethe most.
z
She'sa journalistand travelsattoverthe world,oftento so incrediblydangerous
3
ptaces.Herjob is just very importantto her.lt's probablythe thingwhich
4
drivesher the mostin tife.Shethinksit's vitalvitalthat peopteknowwhat'sgoing
5
about her iob she'sa wonderful
on in the world.As wetlas beingvery passionate
5
friend.She'sso thoughtfutand sucha caringpersonthat everyonewho meets
7
her doeslovesher.She'smarriedwith two chitdren.Herhusband,Tony,is
8
suchincredibtysupportivebut he doesmissher sometimes,I know.He'svery'
9
very goodwith the chitdrenand looksafterthem whenJaneis awayfor work.
Unjumbleeachof the words in italicsbelow.
lt'sverystrange.
r I can'tkwro outwhyTimleft so suddenly.
lt reallyhurts.
z I bangedmy bweloon the cardoorthismorning.
3 Mostchildrenhavea aremdof whattheywouldliketo do whenthey
growup.
4 lt'sveryimportanttotthcesrproperlybeforeyou playfootbalt'
takelifequiteso
man.Heshouldn't
5 Bobis a verystnneeiyoung
seriously.
publicawareness
of the problemof poverty
6 Thisfi[mhasdeeehhgitn
in our bigcities.
z Don'tsit with yourrssduohlebacklikethat.lt's not goodfor you.
is a marvellous
two goldmedalsat the Olympics
8 Winning
teeemvhcnai.
F
t
.€
.*
-a*{,
.,':::tllai*
.:'€
;.:i
.*{ry'6.1W-@t"
i{:.
,eli
I
I
I
t::
u&x
$rf
I
F
\ l V h e rnj ni i o i jt h i n l (e a c hp h o t ow a st a l ( e n r: y 4 o s l l g 5 o s l t g 6 o s l
rr;8ers,?
you thinl<this?
lri/hatdeteilsmal<e
ine s;en'tq:ne
l\,i1ai"r:,n
es to the photos.
rr i g{:-'r.
r-r:;iirr
,rostaii"qie
whenI seescmeof the otdTVadsthat I used
lo'-rual.cn
a: a cl'rik:i.
r- !lc,i,o,tLl
leL.nemrber
our hollday:at the seaside?
YouaLways
usedto
i:i rr-r:-,;
hacil<
a sc.r
ilr,,,^n
i i".
:, 'i;_,.
ltinlrrnrlt
nle,vul'lich
COmpany
did Vouworl<'fr,:r
backthen?
&
' . , . : , , i : ,i t r l l t : i h a v e
b e e ni ' . t h e r r t - z c 9 ' . r - r n t elt ihmi nel,< "
rlli i,
[)
' .:-iii :,,[]'nnelTiilr':-,1,,ii,,,,
l.it€ litite SOng.
!'1'l:_;
i \ / i 1 ' r -; r 1 : : 1 " r;:1 , : 1 1 ' :;1: r- : : ' i i1r ' r i " : i , ' i =t flgeIs e d a y s b U t S h g l i k e St O
. . : : : ; t ' , :r . r l l i , i C L i C l a W
y Se h a d W h e nW e W e r eC h i L d r e n "
ierl::
li"ri,ari:. .
,' :iir rnrcrds
in botdaboveareverbs,adjectives
{t i"l-lrlr,j
r'!:i :.,Jt', .:,.t.j.{i.rla i n t h ei f m ean in gS?
l i a r r ; 1 , ,i'',.'rul ; , r l n ie<a c ho f t h e w o r d si s p r o n o u n c e W
d . h e r ei s
l i r e r n a i i s' r[ r € s si l e a eh w o r d ?
u i s f :nea n t lr h e c l l. r c u ri d e a s "
lJrii,ile-sentr:nres
that aretrue for you usingthe wordsin bold
ifOr-r'i l',r1,XtJ Ai36-ro,i*",
illsr:i.ts:'.
tlVhaIis tfie nn6strnernorable
eveningor day you havehad
lNrl'itetrisi;rlear?if$hntnnadeit speeia[?
usedto/getusedto/would
describe
appearance
in thepictures?
Discuss.
Whatis happening
you
is about?
thinkTheTerminol
Whatdo
g
thesequestions.
Readthearticleandanswer
r WhoisAtfred?
dailyroutine?
z WhatdowelearnaboutAlfred's
his
3 WhatdoesAlfredhopeabout future?
Alfred?
towards
attitude
4 Whatis thejournalist's
collectionof newspaperand magazine
I first saw him, manyyearsago nou
hisdrycleaning;
a
staringout with an intensegazefrom reportsabouthimself;
pages
of
McDonald's
straws
and
the
of a newspaper.
Seatedalone largecollection
on a bench,he had a slight,balding a diarywhichrecordsin extraordinary
appearance,
withamazing
darkeyebrows detaileverydayof hisstrangeexistence
at Terminal
One.
anda small,neatmoustache.
Strangely sincehefirstappeared
I
noble,heseemed
immune
to theendless Fromthemomentsatdownnextto himI
felttheforceof hisdignity.
Alfredseemed
him.
motionof theairoortaround
(3)_
withinhimself.
HisnamewasMerhan
KarimiNasseri totallycontent
'SirAlfred'and Everything
in Alfred'slifewasconducted
thoughhe calledhimself
hewaslostin a bureaucratic
nightmare. on hisownterms.Insomesensehewas
Thatis to say he livedon a benchin a freermanthanmost.
Despiteoutwardappearances,
Alfred
TerminalOne of Charlesde Gaulle
and
International
Airport.He hadbeenthere livesa life of total self-sufficiency
He
keeps
himself
meticulously
since1988. For a seriesof insanely order.
using
andgroomed,
a nearby
airport
complicated
reasons,the lranian-bornclean
(4)_
He alwayseatsa
refugee
wasnowa manwithouta country. bathroom.
Thatwas the
eggandbaconcroissant
for quitecontent.(6) Alfredcouldn't
leaveFrance
he McDonald's
because
papers;
McDonald's
anda
fishsandwich onlythingthatmattered
to himanymore.
did not have
he couldn'tenter breakfast
Healwaysleavesa tip,
nothispastor
France
Nothisfamilyor friends,
because
he didnothavepapers. for dinner.
(1)_
Alfredhadfourbrothers
andtwosisters, future- onlythearticles
abouthislifeat
Whichhe hasdone- for the
people
wholived the airportanda posteradvertising
lhe
last sixteenyears. Recently,he was allof themmiddle-class
proudly
exceptfor onesisterwhowas Terminal
which he
hung from
catapultedinto stardomas the result in Tehran,
Therelative
he a suitcasenextto the bench.'Lifeis
of StevenSpielberg's
film Ihe Terminal a dentistin Luxembourg.
wenttheHollywood
slogan.
whichtellsa heavilyadaptedversionof
was closestto was his brother,Cyrus, waiting,'
Alfredwas thrilledaboutThe Terminal,
his story.But whatis the realityof his who was two yearsolder.'Weusedto
dailylife?
be very closeandwe usuallyhadthe thoughhe wouldneverget the chance
Wehada goodlife.I liked to seeit. Apparently
he hadreceived
a
He actuallylives in the basement samefriends.
andMerhan
usedto playtable cheouefor severalhundredthousand
mallof Terminal
shopping
One.Alfred's swimming
He
red benchis the onlyanchorin hislife. tennis,He was very good at it,' Alfred dollarsfor his lifestory.(7)_
(2)_
just
thatthe
lt is
aboutwideenough hadlivedwithCyrusandMinafor a time wasnowunderthe impression
'He film company,
DreamWorks,
was going
in the 1970s.(5)_
to sleepon if hekeepshishandstucked in London
Hespentallhistime to get hima passport
andtakehimto
underthe pillowbut he neversleeps wasan intellectual.
wouldcome
booksandlistening California;
Steven
Spielberg
studying
andreading
during
theday,
would
visithim
TomHanks
Stackedaroundthe backof the bench to theradio.Hetalkedallthetimeabout to hisrescue;
yet. I
lt wasveryimportant
to him.'
at the bench.lt hasn'thappened
are boxes,suitcases
and plasticbags politics.
wonderhowlongAlfredwillhaveto wait
LastweekI flewto meetAlfred,three
containingeverythingAlfred owns in
thistime.
the world.This includes:
an extensive yearssinceI lastsawhim.Heseemed
&
Readthe text againand decidewherethe
sentences
belong.
A ButAlfredhadnevercaredmuchaboutmoney.
B Thepicturetheypaintedof himwasvery
differentfromthe Atfredof today.
C lt is hisbed,livingroomandoffice.
D Theauthorities
totdhimto waitin the airport
loungewhiletheysortedthe problemout.
E 'l am famousnow,'wasthe firstthinghe said.
F Hehangshisfreshlydry-cleaned
clothesfrom
the handleof a suitcase
nextto hisbench.
G Hedid notaimto pleaseor playon your
sympathy.
4
S
,E Exptain
to another
student
whateachsentence
means.
Itke
I
Thereis onewordmissing
fromeachof these
sentences.
Decide
whatit is andaddit.
r I usedplaya lotof rugbyat school.
2
3
4
5
Discuss.
Howdo you feelabouta) Alfred's
situationand b) the way the film company
behaved?
but now shedoes.
6
I can'tusedto my newboss.She'snotvery
friend[y.
Youuseto be so closeto vourbrotherwhen
youwerechildren?
OnChristmas
Evewe alwaysgo to church.
Weslowlygettingusedto tivingin the country
but sometimes
it feelsa bit isolated.
Weuseto be vegetarian.
lt'sontysomething
we'vestarteddoingin the lastcoupleof
months.
€eMatchexamples
r-4 in theActivegrammar
boxto themeanings
A-D.
{*ii{i;litji1i,111i:1{ia$i$1ti.:1r$-trH€&i*Sii1€*n$
Active grammar
He d to sleepan a bench,
Hels ge
usedta sleeplngon a
beneh.
3 Hels usedta sleeplngon E bench.
4 Hewouldsleep0n o benctt,
7
2
A
Heis familiar
withsleeping
ona bench.
It is notstrange
or difficultforhim.
Sleeping
ona bench
is becoming
less
difficutt
forhim.
Sleeping
on a benchwaspartof his
typicatday/behaviour.
In the past,he regularly
slepton a bench
but nowhe doesn't.
a:--€'s=se€
b Whichexample
aboveis trueforAtfred?
poge73
seeReference
p
S
Discussin pairs.
r
Nametwo or threethingsyouusedto enjoy
doingwhenyouwereyoungerbut no longer
do.Whydid youstopdoingthem?
z Howwouldyoutypicatty
spendyoursummer
holidays
whenyouwerea child?
oneor two bigchanges
in your
3 Describe
life,e.g.movinghouse/schootijob,
getting
married,
etc.Whatwerethe mostdifficutt
thingsto get usedto?
e & .Choosethe correctalternative.
I didn't use/uosn'tusedto like iazzvery much.
2 l'm gettingusedto work/ttrorkinq
from home.
l'm
used/used
fo livingon my own.
3
usedto alwaysgo to the
4 My famitywouldT{uere
sameplacefor theirsummerholiday.
5 He would/usedto havea beard.
6 Wecan'tget/gettingusedto the noise.
7
Language
learningat school
Didyoulearnanylanguages
at school?
Did
youuseto haveanyspecialor effective
ways
of learning
vocabulary
or grammar?
Whatwere
thebestthingsthatyourteachers
usedto do
whichhetped
youlearn?
Tryto remember
and
seeif youcanuseanyof themnow.
columns
in
1O putthewords/phrases
fromtheboxin theappropriate
thetable.
'-!.'':''
JF-EV4+/"'
i straisht good-tookingscruffy muscular a bit overweight
,
l e l e g a n t s t i m w r i n k t e s c l e a n - s h a v ecnu r l y c h u b b y w a v y l
'
stocky dyed goinga bit batd mousy round tanned spiky l
HAIR
FACE
BUILD
GENERAL
stroight
in eachone.
1 1 Readthesedescriptions.
Correctthe mistal<e
r He'sgotshort,blackhairsanda smallmoustache.
She'squitea skinnynow.
z She'slosta lot of weightrecently.
I thinkit givesyourfacemore
3 I likehavinga fewof wrinkles.
character.
4 She'sgot spiked,blondhairandstrikingblueeyes.Youcan'tmiss
ner.
in the lastfewyears.He'sgoinga bit batdingnow.
changed
5 Simon's
outfits.
andontywearsthe bestdesigner
6 She'sa terriblyetegant
7 Hishairusedto be verycurtedwhenhe wasa baby.
I thinkhe spendsa lot of time
8 Healwayslookstanedandheatthy.
i n t h eC a r i b b e a n .
1 2 Chooseone of the categories
belowand describea famousperson
to otherstudents.Seehow quicklythey canwork out who you are
describing.
popstar politician sportspersonTVpersonalityactor ;
A: So, what doeshe or she look like?
B : Well,he usedto be one of the mostfamouspoliticiansin the world
but he's moreor lessretirednow.He'spretty tall and now hasgrey
hoirbut he's not goingbaldat oll. He'sin his late5osI think.He's
quite well-builtbut certoinlynot overweight.Healwaysseemsto
hoveo greatsmileand hos veryclearblue eyes.His
is also
quitea well-knownpoliticion.
ls it BillClinton?
Writing
13 Readthisextract
fromanemail.Then[ool<
at thepictures
and
d e c i dw
e h i c hp e r s o ins b e i n gd e s c r i b e d .
14 ;a In pairs,describe
the
people
in
as
otherthree
muchdetailasyoucan.
I t , s r e a | | y n i c e o f y o u t o m e e t m e a t t h e a i r p o r t e v e n t h o u g h?:;
. .Nowimagine
youhave
we'venevermet!Jo'stold me so muchaboutyouthat I
metoneof theotherpeople
at a party.Yougoton rea[[y
wellandarehopingto see
themagain.Writea brief
emailto a friendtellingthem
whathe/shelooks[ike.
expressing
ability
talkaboutmemories
4
a Lookat thetapescript
on page169.Work
in pairsandfindthefotlowing
words/phrases.
Discuss
whatyouthinktheymightmean.
(1.8)
r rambling
([.rr)
2 prettymuchto ourselves
changed
a bit (t.rf)
3 haven't
4 messaround(1.32)
5 a modelchild(t.rZ)
6 reasonabty
wett(1.+S)
(1.+6)
7 apparentty
(1.48)
8 Shame
reatly.
b Usethreeofthe words/phrases
above
to describe
something
in yourpast,e.g.a
friendship
or yourchildhood.
eaking
Listening
Lookat the photo and then readthe sentences.
Whichof the sentencesaccuratelydescribesthe
photo?Changethe othersto makethem true.
r
They'resittingon a lawnwhichis probablyin a
garden.
z Thewomanis lookinga bit anxious.
catjust in frontof the child.
3 There'sa Siamese
4 Thewomanis wearingsmartleatherbootsand
a floraldress.
5 lt's probablyearlysummer.
6 Thechildlooksas if he'dtiketo playwith the
batl.
7 Thegardenseemswell lookedafter.
8 Thewomanis probablyin her latezos.
9 Youcanjust makeout a wall in the background.
2
Listento the conversation
between
Simonand his friendCamillaand answerthese
questions.
r
Whatis the relationship
of the womanto the
child?
z Whatkindof childdoesSimonsayhe was?
I
Listenagain.Writequestionsthat are
appropriatefor theseanswers.
SouthLondonere wosSimonbroughtup?
r Justonefloor.
z Because
shewasn'tverywell.
f Untilhe wasalmostseven.
4 Verygoodfun.
S Ninemonths.
6 Four.
5
Workwith anotherstudent.Eitherreferto a
photothatyouhaveor chooseone
favourite
photos
of the
below.Prepare
to describe
the
photoandexplainhowit makesyoufeel.(lf you
havechosenoneofthe photosbelow,make
up a storyto explaina) whereit is, b) whothe
peopleareandc) whyit is oneof yourfavourite
photos.)
ability
fl,f I expressing
Gra
6
7
r-5
sentences
a Cornplete
eachof theexample
andrulesA-D with can,could,able,monage(d)
or succeed(ed).
Findthe mistakein eachof the following
sentences
and correctit.
r
z
Active grammar
t
2
I was^..to walkby tenmonths,
playsimpletunesan thepiano
/-*"by theageof four.
to find thephotosyou
Didyou"-"-"""*."-werelookinEfor?
Willyoub'e*to cometo $om's
birthdaydinneron Sunday?
youreadthewritingon thotsign
at theendof theroad?
We**___ in findingtheperfectpresent
for my sister.
or
Use_
to talkaboutpresent
'generat'abitity.
Usewillbe
abitity.
5
5
7
8
8
to talkaboutfuture
wi]l be freeif
I can'tto te[[you whenMr Fozard
know.
I don't
I wasabledriveSamandMartato the airport
mv uncle[entme hiscar.
because
TomandI manage
to movethe pianointothe
livingroomthismorning.
Wewon'tableto playtennisthisweekend
unfortunatetv.
Hesaidhe knewhowto sailingbut he'snever
actually
beenout on a boat!
in climbto
Veryfewpeoplehavesucceeded
theverytop of thatmountain.
Wehaven'tableto finda weddingringthatwe
bothlike.
I'vealwaysbeenterribleto remembering
names.
Complete
the sentences
usingthe word(s)in
form
and one of the
bracketsin the correct
verbsfrom the box.
find drive meet get clean spend
beat swim
to talk
c Use
or was/were
abitity.
aboutpastor'general'
D Usewas/were
ol
, -to
rn to talk aboutabilityon a
particular
occasion.
You_
the nighthereif you tike.The
spareroom'sfree.(can)
|_
unti[| wasnearly3o.I justnevergot
roundto takingmy test.(couldnot)
at yourbank
throughto someone
andtellthemthatyourcreditcardhadbeen
stolen?(youmanage)
ld tiketo _
holding
but I haveproblems
my breathunderwater.(able)
fu Decidewhichof the sentences
belowmean
approximately
the same.
r Shecanski.
z Shecouldski rea[[ywellas a child.
3 She'sableto ski quitewell.
+ Sheknowshowto ski.
5 She'sprettygoodat skiing.
6 She'sterribleat skiing.
7 She'snot verygoodat skiing.
8 Shewasgreatat skiingwhenshewasa chitd.
9 Shecan'tskiat allwetl.
Wegot lostandso we _
the restaurant
youtold us aboutbutwe did endup goingto
anotheronewhichwasrealtygood.(coutdnot)
I wassurprised
that Chris_
Steveat
tennis.Steveis a verygoodplayer.(able)
Thesalesteamhave
all theirtargets
willgeta bonus.
thismonthandso everyone
(succeed)
see Refetentep{tgeZ7
Fortunately,
we _
up the houseafterthe
partybeforeour parentsgot home.(manage)
I
the different
Listento Camilladescribing
thingsthat she and her brotherwereableto do
as childrenand morerecently.Makenotesfor
a) Camillaand b) her brother.
CAMILLA
HERBROTHER
Couldridea bikeon
hisownat five.
Listening
11
Listen
to Simontalkingaboutthephotobelow.
Whichof
the followingdifferences
withthe firstphoto(page5S)doeshe
mention?
r howhefeelsaboutsomeof thepeople
z howhefeelsabouttheplace
3 howhefeelsabouttheanimals
4 howhefeelsabouttheweather
Person to person
1O Discussin pairs.
r
youcould
ls thereanything
do we[[as a childbut you
can'tdo so wellnow?lf so.
whatis it?
Haveyou evermanaged
to do something
thatyou
reallydidn'tthinkyou
wouldbe ableto do?lf so.
whatwasit?
you
ls thereanything
you
hope
witlbe ableto
do by thistime nextyear,
whichyoucan'tdo at the
moment?
lf so,whatis it?
Nameonethingyouthink
you'reprettygoodat, one
thingyou'renotverygood
at andonethingyou're
terribleat.
Findout if thereis anything
that you knowhowto do
whichno oneelsein your
classknowshowto do.
12 tistenagainand then readthe summarybetow.Whatthree
mistakesdo you notice?
Bothof the photosshowSimonas a child.Thisphotoshowshimwith
his parentsandtwo friendsof theirs.Theyarestayingat theirfriends'
hotelin the northof England.
Simonenioyed
stayingtherebecause
therewaslotsto do whereas
he got boredin thesummerwhenhe
just stayedat home.Thereweredogsat the hotelwhichhe tiked.They
similarto hiscatat home.In general,
wereveryfriendly,
he hada good
timeandlikedgoingon holidaythere.
13 Workwith otherstudents.
oneor two of yourearliestmemories
r Describe
of childhood.
the kindsof thingsyou remember.
z Compare
Whydo youthinkyou
canremember
somethingsbut not otherthings?
althoughh uth owever/nevertheIess
talkaboutbooks
aboutsellinghis ftatquickty.He'shad lotsof people
Sam'scometo seeit sinceit wentup for salelastweek.
with me becauseI borrowedherfavouriteiacket
My sister's
her.
withoutasking
WhenI was learningto ski shegaveme so manydifferentpiecesof
advicethat I just endedup totally
is serious
groupsarethat the government
Environmental
the problemof gtobatwarming.
abouttackling
to knowwhy Sarahgot the job of Marketing
I'mvery
She'sonlybeenin the companya few months.
Director.
Theya[[seem
in politicsandpoliticians.
I'mafraidI'mfairly
to saythe samethingsthesedaYs.
Thefactthat he didn'twantto answerthe policeofficer'squestions
madethem
whentheytold hertheyweregoing
Julie'smotherwasquite
to get marriedin June.They'veonlybeentogethersinceNovember.
3
Voea,buTary I feetinss
* Lookat thewomanin the
picture.
Howdo youthink
shemightbefeeling?
Listento these
b
peopledescribing
howthey
feeling.
Match
oneof the
are
wordsin the boxbelowto
eachperson.
confused suspicious
uneasy curious
annoyed excited
uninterested sceptical
optimistic shocked
relieved
2
Reading
4
a Lookat thecoverof the bookTheMemoryBoxanddiscusswith
whatyouthinkit mightbeabout.
otherstudents
and
Charlotte
!r Readthe extractanddecidewhoSusannah,
are.
Catherine
5 f t . Readthe extractagainand answerthesequestions.
'susannahwasapparently
perfect,as the deadso oftenbecome.'
(t.r)Whatdo youthinkthismeans?
feelaboutwhatpeoplesaidabouthermother?
Howdid Catherine
2
'Theexistence
of the memoryboxmayhavetroubledmy father
3
(l.ro)Whydo youthinkthis mighthavebeen?
fromthe beginning.'
to the memory
thinksshewouldhavereacteddifferently
Catherine
boxagedten or fifteen.Doyou thinkthis is likety?lf so,why?
didn'twantto thinkaboutherreal
5 Whydo youthinkCatherine
motheras shewasgrowingup?
felt whenshefirstcameacrossthe
6 Howdo youthinkCatherine
memorybox?
7
Completeeachof the
followingsentenceswith the
most appropriateword from
Ex.r.
She'svery
that the
policehavedroppedallthe
chargesagainsther.
Ourchildrenaregetting
aboutour trip
verynextmonth.
to Disneyworld
Theykeepaskingwhen
we'regoing.
Mostof the people
saidtheyfett
interviewed
aboutthe ideaof
livingneara nuclearpower
station.
the lasttime
sixof thefeelingsfromEx.r. Tryto remember
Choose
studentaboutwhyyouhad
youhadeachofthem.Tellanother
thesefeelings.
h Findexamplesin the extractof five of the feelingsreferredto in
Ex.r. Explainwho has the feelingsand what causesthem.
6
Discuss.
mighthaveleft in the
Whatkindsof thingsdo youthinkSusannah
'memorybox'for Catherine?
z Whatdo youthinkthe pointof the memoryboxwas?
3 Howwouldyou feelaboutmakingor beinggivena memorybox?
r
;
usannahwas apparentlyperfect,as the
deadso often become.Shewas,it seemed,
perfectiybeautiful,perfectlygood,and perfectly
h"ppy during her comparativelyshort life. They
said she met life with open arms, everpositive and
optimistic. I do not believea word of this. How,
after all, could she be happy,knowing she was likely
to die soon,when shewas a mere thirty-one years
old and I, her baby,was hardly six months old?
rt
I havea feelingthat the existenceof the memory
box may have troubled my father from the
beginning. He didn't give it to me until my
twenty-first birthday eventhough it had been in
our house all that time. Charlotteknew about
:5 it, of course,but neither shenor my father
could bring themselvesto mention it. I think
they were both afraid of its significance.Also, I
was a highly imaginative child and they simply
didn't know how to introducethis memory box
20 into mv life.
25
Now, however,their nervousnessmakesme curious.What
exactlywere they afraid of? Did they think I might be shocked,
and if so why? At any rate, both of them were visibly on edge,
almost guilty, when finally on the morning of my twenty-first birthday
they told me about it. It was clearthey were relievedwhen I showedlittle interest
in it. I said I didn't want to open it, or evenseeit.
This was a lie, and yet not a lie. The box did, in fact, make me curious evenif I found i wanted to suppressthe
feeling.Aged ten, I don't think I would havebeen ableto. I'm sure I would havebeen too excitedat the thought
that it might contain all sorts of treasures;and then around fifteen I d havefound it irresistiblyromantic and
3o would havebeen readyto weep on discoveringdried rosespressedbetweenthe pagesof meaningfulpoems.But
at twenty-one I was very self-centred;my currositywas only slight and I could more easilydeny it. In fact, I felt a
kind of nausea,at the notion of a dying woman choosingwhat to put in a box for me.
Nevertheless,there was no doubt that it forcedme to think of Susannah.Grorvrngup, I could hardiy have
thought of her less,wanting Charlotteto be my only mother. I rt'asalrvaysfunous if anyonereferredto her as
my stepmother.However,Charlotteherselfwould try to calm me by pointing out that, whether I liked it or not,
that was exactly what she was.
40
After Charlottedied, the hardestthing I had to do was go backinto our old home. For a whole month, I was
obligedto go there day after day until everybit of furniture, everyobject,everybook and picture, everypieceof
clothing, everylast curtain and cushionwas sorted out and readyto be collectedby all manner of people.This
was, of course,how I found the box, eventhough I very
nearlymissedit. My attention might not havebeen
caughtif it had not been for an odd-lookingpink
label attachedto the parcel.On the label,written
";i::t
I afthaugh/but/however/nevertheless
Gfa
7
box.l n e a c h
in theActivegrammar
Lookat the pairsof sentences
pair,onesentence
which
is
not.
Decide
one is
is correct
andone
notcorrectandwhy.
eaking
1 O a T h i n k a b o u tbao o k / f i l m
thatyouhaveread/seen
quite
thatyoucanremember
wel[.
b Makesomenotesabout:
a
1
a He didn't give it to me until my zst birthdoy.Although
b
2 a
b
3 a
b
4 a
b
it had beenin our houseall that time.
He didn't give it to me until my 2$t birthday,although
it had beenin our houseall that time.
Theink on the labelhad fadedhut you could still read
my name.
Theink on the lobelhad fadedbut, you could still read
my name.
HoweverI was alwaysfurious if anyonereferredto
Chorlotteas my stepmother,she wouldalwayspoint out
that that was exactlywhat she was.
I was al
furious if anyonereferredto Charlotteas
my stepmother.However,she would alwoyspoint out
that that was exactlywhat she wos.
g womanputting things in a special
Theidea of a
box far me was verystrange.Neve eless,it forced
me to think obouther.
g womonputting things in a speciol
Theidea of a
box for me was verystrangeneve elessit forcedme to
think abouthen
see Referenceplge Z3
8
Choosethe correctalternative.
r
z
3
4
5
6
I
Shereallylikedthe shoesbut/nevertheless
theywerejust too
expensive.
jacketwasquitecheap,it wasn'texactlythe
Although/lloweverlhe
cotourshewanted.
lt is truethatMr Billingham
leftthe shopwithoutpayingfor the
camera.Nevertheless/Although,
he hasbeenundera lot of stressat
workrecently.
We ranto catchthe 8.r5a.m.Irainbut/although
we arrivedjust after
it hadgone.
Theydecidedto get a doghowever/although
theydidn'thavea
garden.
Hepromisedthat he woutdtry andfindthe file.Butft'lowever,he
knewthat it hadbeendestroved.
a Completeeachof the sentences
belowin a logicalway.
good.However,
r Thefoodin the restaurant
wasextremely
...
z I likeJaneverymuchbuf she...
for manyyears.
thatyou haveworkedfor thiscompany
3 I realise
Nevertheless,
...
4 Wedecidedto buythe housealthough...
b Nowwrite the sentencesagainusinga differentexpressionof
contra:;t.
a
the basicplot
thingsyou particularly
likedaboutit
youhadof it
anycriticisms
TheMe^orgTlaT<
Plot
A' ^e^o t'9
r^er'lircavenr
Catl^eri
brV' lt( bg l"cn,cal ^other'
Tl"i"4sIl;kel
Trtt-rertidl iolu (ar a rtarg
Criticirtus
A b i t s l u wa l l i m s
e
Listen
to someone
tatkingaboutIhe Memory
Boxandwhattheythought
of it. Weretheygenerally
positiveor negative?
d Now,tellotherstudents
you
aboutthebook/fitm
chose.
Refer
to theplot,
thingsyoulikedand
anycriticisms.
Usethe
expressions
fromEx.9 where
appropriate.
Lifelong
learning
Gradedreaders
Didyouknowthatyoucan
readmanyfamous
and
classicnovelsin a simplified
versionsuitablefor your
(Seewww.
levelof Engtish?
penguinreaders.com
for
moreinformation.)
a Matchthe underlined
expressions
r-g withthe correctmeaning
a-h.
b Whichpicturedoeseachexpression
relateto?
r He'sa bit of a coldfish.
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
2
a) a verykindpersonwho hasthe right
feelings
aboutsomething
important
She'sas hardas nails.
b) veryannoying,
a nuisance
He'sa painin the neck.
c) someonewho behavesas if thev
knoweverything
Herheart'sin the rightplace. d) someonewho is extremety
successful
in theiriob or in school
He'san awkwardcustomer. e) someonewho prefersto be on their
own
She'sa realknow-a[[.
f) unfriendlypersonwho seemsto
haveno strongfeelings
He'sa high-flver.
g) a difficuttpersonto deaIwith
She'sa bit of a loner.
h) verytoughor notcaringaboutthe
effectsof youractionson other
people
Complete
thefollowingsentences.
Trynotto referto Ex.r.
r shelovedanswering
allthequestions
in class.
shethought
shewas
so clever.Shewasa real
z Hedidn'tlikegoingout withfriendsandhe spentmostof thetime
at homein hisroomon the computer
or reading.
Hewasa bit of a
really.
_
3 Theysayhe'tlbe a partnerof the firm by the time he'sthirty.He'sa
real
wouldstopcomingintomy roomandborrowing
4 lwish Caroline
my
clothes.
She'sa pain_
.
Brian'sbeenaskingaboutgettingan increase
in his satary.
Wittyou
talkto himaboutit?Onthe subjectof moneyhe'sa bit of an_
.
I knowSteveis a bit loudand insensitive
at timesbut honestly,
his
heart's
Shehadto go out to workfromthe ageof fifteenand hashadquite
a difficultlife.As a resultshe'sas hard
Heneverseemedto get excitedaboutanything.
All in alt,he wasa
bit of a cold
3
a Thinkaboutpeople
youknowwhoyoucould
describe
withfiveof the
expressions
in Ex.r.
b Describe
the peopleto
otherstudents.
Sayhowyou
knowthemandwhatthey
are[ike.Theotherstudents
shouldsaywhichexpression
fromEx.r is appropriate
for
eachperson.
4
Discuss.
Whichof the
expressions
do youhave
in yourlanguage?
Doyou
haveexpressions
whichare
differentbut containthe
sameidea?
MAI{E,YOUR
HIS ORY!
lmagine someone
- a child' a future
u,"ri"-"orosi.t
l: :-'Hi"]::lffff;,.,
t'.''."8J
"r:::""","i'l$
ff ;; ;;srromnow
. " " sensatio"
"-'r
C onr'
n s ro"'
o e tthe
.o
::1tjl :':":^il;
rroa the 21st::l,uru
Ancient
^ " " i - o u nartefactr
d
c a p s u t e t'
i n b u r i e dt i m e
your
people wrll study
These future
a crumbling
t'"* tn" pasta
F chosen obiects
coin' a birthday oho]o' a
newspaper' a
€
learn
- and they will
? oiece
- tecnnotogy
Prvv- of
about us'
I +
little bit more
on the tuture'
LeaveYourmark
Be a part of history'
BurYa time caPsule'
Whatarethe
andadvert.
Lookat thepicture
peopleputtingin thegroundandwhy?
tatkingaboutwhat
to someone
Listen
p
u
t
c
a
p
s
u
lien 9 7 7 . M a l <ae
she inatime
shegives
pieces
of advice
noteof fivegeneral
a time
whowantto prepare
to otherpeopte
c ap s ul e .
fivethingsto putin
, Workin groups.
Choose
betowor
Usetheexamples
yourtimecapsule.
of your
each
to
reasons
otherideas.Give
iustify
ideas.
a globeof thewarldsa
I thinkweshouldinclude
that theyknowhow the worldis divided'
ln my apinian,we oughtto put o typicalpiece
of dothing likeieansso thot theyknowhow we
clress.
so that they
Whatabautputtingin o newspoper
in
hoppening
are
knowthe importontthingsthot
the world tadav?
'
to othergroups.
yourchoices
Exptain
Whichgroupdoyouatlthinkhadthebesttime
Why?
capsule?
I
a
I
Useusedfo to talkaboutpasthabitsandstatesthat
do nothappen
now.
I usedto catchthebusto workbutnowI go by bike.
I usedto haveblondhair.
Shedidn't useto benearlyso ombitious.
Didyou useto enjoytravelling
for yourjob?
In the negative
andquestionformsusedoesnot
finishwitha'd'.
Usewouldto alsotalk aboutpasthabitsbut not
paststates.
Whenwe werelittle, wewoulddressup andpretendto
bekingsandqueens.
(Not
Weusedto livein Manchester.
)
Usegef usedto to describe
the process
of becoming
accustomed
to a newsituation.
We'regettingusedto livingin a smallvillogein the
countrybut it's stilla littlestrange.
Usebe usedto to saywhenyouhavebecome
accustomed
to a newsituation.
She'susedto beingherownboss.
Withbe/getusedto, the spetlingis alwaysusedwith
a'd'.
E
ressing ability
Neuertheless
Useall of theselinkingwordsto showthat whatyou
aresayingis surprisingor unexpected
in relationto
you
somethingelse
knowto be true.
torm Although+ clause,clause.
Althoughshe washalf an hour late, they decidedto
wait o bit longer.
Formclause,+ although+ clause.
Theydecidedto woit a bit longer,althoughshe wos
half an hour late.
(Thoughcan be usedas a shortenedform of
although.ltis morecommonin informalspeech.)
Useeventhoughto emphasisea contrast.
Eventhough I was very angry with him, I didn't say
anything.
Formsentence.+ Howeve evertheless,
+ clause.
(Nevertheless is formal.)
Shewoshalf an hour late. However,theydecidedto
woit o bit longer.
Yourworkhas not beenof a veryhigh stondard
recently.Nevertheless,
I am stiilgoing to give you a
percent
pay
increase.
five
F o r mc t a u s e+ b u t + c l a u s e(.B u ti s n o t u s u a [ [ yu s e d
t o b e g i na s e n t e n c e . )
She washalf an hour late but theydecidedto woit o bit
longer.
Usecanto talk aboutpresentor'general'ability.
Shecanspeak Russionquite well.
Canyou play any musicalinstruments?
Usewill be able fo to talk about futureability.
She'll be able to run rcom in underu secondsby the
end of the year.
Usecould or was/wereable to to talk about past or
'general'
ability.
Theycould both ski quite well by the time they were
sevenor eightyearsold.
She wasable to communicateeffectivelyin Arabicafter
workingin Egyptfor o year.
Use was/wereable to or manoged to or succeeded
in (+ -ing) to say what someonecoulddo on a
particularoccasion.
Theywereable to get into the hauseby forcing open
the backdoor.
Shemanagedto pay off all her debt5 by working in the
eveningsond at weekends.
Useknow how to andgood/bad at, etc.to describe
differentlevelsof ability.
Sheknowshow to countto ten in Japonese.
He's not verygood at speokingin public.
Key vocabulary
Memory
remember
memorysouvenirmemorable
remind reminiscenostalgic forgetful
Appearance
Hair:straight curly wavy goinga bit batd
mousy spiky dyed
Face:
wrinkles clean-shaven
chubby round
Build:muscularstocky a bit overweightslim
good-[ookingscruffy elegant tanned
General:
Feelings
confusedsuspiciousun€asy curious annoyed
excited uninterestedscepticaIoptimistic
shocked relieved
people
ldiomsdescribing
a coldfish ashardasnails a oainin theneck
(someone's)
heartis in the rightplace
an awkward
customer a realknow-att a high-flyer
a bitof a loner
Complete
the followingtextwith usedto or get
usedto andthecorrectformof a verbfromthe
box.
(r) rsc# t* tes#t
d]
e}
Complete
thesecond
sentence
withtheword
in boldso thatit means
thesameasthefirst
sentence.
5ht ls t:*le t* play thr. pi*;tt: verv we!!"
{$f?
have be finish teach not understand a
Sf,e mn play ihe pirsn* v*rv v,'*ll"
Doyouthinkit wittbe possible
for youto finish
the presentation
by Friday?
able
Doyouthinkyou
finishthe
presentation
by Friday?
CairowhereI
I recentlywent backto
tn
asa foreignlanguage
English
(1)
area
A lot had changed'The
1gBOs'
,n"
"*,t
verYquietbut,it's
whereI lived(2)
aremoremodern
muchbusiernow'There
rvhen
and biggerroads'I remember
buildings
a while to (3r--- I firstarrivedthat it took
asthe)'rverein \rabic
mostof the shopsigns'
too' Eren
in English
Now a lot of themare
at 9 3Op'm'
our classes
eveningwe (4)
had
a nearbrclubrrhich
andthenall go out to
ior the club but sadly
l'r1"", discolI looked
placeand I
marvellous
it hadgone'Cairois a
camebackto Britain'
reall','missedit rvhenI
a very different
(5)---It took me agesto
I
Theyfinattysucceeded
in gettingthe carout of
t h em u d .
managed
Theyfinalty
the carout of the mud.
I wasquitegoodat drawingas a child.
could
q u i t ew e l [a sa c h i l d .
I_
Hefaitedto persuade
the otheremptoyees
to
go on strike.
able
persuade
He_
the otheremployees
to
go on strike.
Shecouldn'tmakehiscamera
work.
know
She
makehiscamera
work.
stvleof life.
z
6 Wereyouableto speakto Brianbeforehe
wenthome?
manage
Did_
speakto Brianbeforehe went
home?
Rewrite
with correct
the pairsof sentences
punctuation,
in the
usingthewordsin brackets
place.
correct
It r*ined.
* ksf"W*h*rj a rpnllvqfr*dtine"
{':lt!ii:,;r;l;}
&iii:*ur;lt it"rcinerj* lst. we h*d * r**lljt g**i
tims.
I managed
to geta fewhours'sleep.
Theparty
in the ftat upstairswasverynoisy.(however)
z I wouldsaythatCharlotte
is my bestfriend.
I'veonlyknownherfor a few months.
(atthough)
r
3 | wantedto havea partythisweekend.My
parents
weren'thappyaboutthe idea.(but)
4 Sheseemsto be in lovewithhim.Heis very
(nevertheless)
unreliable.
5 Sandrais a verygoodstudent.Shewill need
to worka bit harderif shewantsto passher
exams.(however).
qualifications.
6 | hadall the necessary
I didn't
getthe job. (although)
thefitm.Someof the actingwas
7 | enioyed
awfut.(but)
4"
Complete
the sentences
with one of the words/
phrasesfrom the Keyvocabularysectionon
page73.
5he nev*r saysn:u*: rsndrtfw*yskeepsherselfto
I'r*rs*l{.\tue's * hit *i
r
z
3
4
5
6
Wewerea[]very_
whenshearrived
homesafelyat midnight.
What'shappened
to yourbeard?I'venever
seenyou
before.
My sisterwasalways
. Evenas a child,
sheneverseemed
veryinterested
in having
friends.
in hisarmsand
lim hasbecomequite_
legssincehe startedgoingto the gym.
My littlebrotheris a real
. Hekeeps
comingintomy roomanddisturbing
mewhen
I'mtryingto study.
My fathersaidI shouldgo to university
but my
brothertold me it wasa wasteof timeso I was
quite_
aboutwhatto do.
Lead-in
1
Discuss.
r Whatcanyouseein the photos?
z Whichof the ptaces
wouldyoumostliketo exptore?
Why?
2
Listenand answerthesequestions.
r Whatgavethe speaker
the ideato travel?
z W h yd i ds h eg o t o S p a i n ?
3 Howdid shefeelwhenshefirstgotto Guatemala?
Whv?
4 Howdid shefeellater?
s+
Listenagainandcomplete
theexpressions.
r I beganto have
to leavework.
feetandwanted
Y -,.",.-.
z I wasa bit worriedaboutgoing into uncharted
3 | wentos an _traveller,
on mv own.
aroundthe town.
4 | spenta month
|
was
bitten
by
the
travel
5
andwantedto exotorelotsof
otherplaces.
6 Thefirsttwo monthsweredifficultandI experienced
real
shock.
fu Checkthe meanings
of the expressions
usinga dictionary.
Discuss.
r Whydo youthinkpeoplearebittenby thetravetbug?
z Hasit everhappened
to you?
3 Doyoueverhaveitchyfeet?
:t.',7
Present
Perfect
SimpleandContinuous
writean informal
email
h' the i
s*ten
Sandfties,sweatbees,eightg-metre
higntrees...Hettfor mostof
us,ues,but alt in a dag3workfor chartotte
uhtenbroek.
Shemoves
as eteganttg
throughthe loungeof London,s
savogHotetas sheooes
jungle.Butwhiteshetovesthe adventure.
throughthe Amazon
she
grad
is atso
to be backin'civitisation"
at teastfor the moment.
She'sjust finishedfitminga TVseriescattedJungte- a gruetting
job that invotvedher exptoringthe densejungtes
nineteen-week
of
the congqthe AmazonandBorneo.
shesausthat it wasfascinating,
but daunting
as wett.so whatwasher mostchattenging
experience?
'Definitetg
ctimbingan eightg-metre
hightree in Borneo,
when[m
petrifiedof heightslI had to xeepgoingup and up,whena voice
'Down!Down!-I kept
Insrde
mewassaging,
thinkingthe ropeswere
goingto breakand sendmeptummeting
downbetow.,
And'downbetow,waswherethe bugswere_ ctinging,
stinging,
sucking
beasts.
Apartfromthe usuatmosquitoes,
in the Am;zon
rainforest,
shewasptagued
bg sandftg bites.,t,vehadsome
horriblebitesbut thesereattuarethe itchiestbitest,veeverhad.
At onestage,I countedseventg
biteson onearm,'she
sags.lust
as annoging
werethe sweatbeesin the congo.
Theutru to drinK
the sweaton uourfaceandeventhe tearsfromgoureues.The
mostdisgusting
thing,though,wasrging to puttthe stimgteecnes
off uourskin.ThemoreI putted,
the morethegstretched
andtne
tightertheirjawsctungto mgteg.I keptshoutinq,
"Getthemoff!"
.tusta minute
andthe fitmcrewkeptsaUing,
...thismakesa reattU
goodshot!"'
journegintothe heartof the wortd,s
chartotte's
mostsignificant
,Therainforest
rainforests
wasan inspiring
experience.
ieatfgis
tikea citg.Eachtreeis tikean urbantowerbtockwithhundreds
of
residents.
tf uouknockit oown,goucausejust as muchdisruption
anddamageas if thoseresidents
werehuman.
Thejungteis
extraordinarg
because
atthough
it ontgcoversaboutsixpercent
0f the wortd,it contains
overfiftgpercentof attknownanimat
and
ptantspecies,
ptustotsmorethat areunknown,
too.,
Backin London,
whathasshebeenenjoging
sinceher returnto
'civitisation'?
't'vebeen
havingt0tsof nice,tongshowers,,
shesags.
'ln the C0ng0
| wasatwaus
worriedahoutusingup attour water
suppties.
AndI findthat whenl,vebeenin hot,uncomfortabte
conditions
for a white,the thingsI tookforwardto morethan
anuthing
etsearebeingwithmgfamitgandenjoging
mgfavourite
mea[.'
Reading
1
Charlotte
Uhlenbroek
spent
overfourmonthsin the
jungle.Beforeyouread
these
abouther,discuss
questions.
r Which
things
doyouthink
youwouldfinddifficutt
in
thejungle?
z Which
thingsdoyouthink
youwouldmostliketo
dowhenyoureturned
to
'civilisation'?
i
:
.
2
in Ex.r aboutCharlotte.
Readthetextandanswerthequestions
A
Readthe text againand decideif the statementsare true (T),false
(F)or we don't know (DK).
r Charlotte
looksandfeels'out of place'in the SavoyHotel.
6
r
I'vebeento the Brazilian
rainforest
in zoo3.
z She'sboughtalreadyher
planetickets.
I'vebeenvisitingftiendsin
Italythreetimesthis yearWhatyou beendoingsince
| lastspoketo you?
Haveyou yet seenthat film,
Sahara?
6 Hejust hasspokento the
tourguideaboutit.
I'vebeenlearning
Spanish
sincetwo months.
Haveyou beenknowing
eachotherlong?
z Shehadto ctimbtalttreeswithoutthe useof ropes.
I Themosquitobitesshehadwerethe worstbitesshe'severhad.
+ Shecriedbecauseshecouldn'tstandthe sweatbeeson herface.
s Thefilm crewhelpedherto getthe leechesoff her leg.
6 Shecompares
d treewith a towerblockbecause
thereareso many
livingthingsin eachtree.
z Thewatersheusedin the Congowasusuallydirty.
8 Whenshegetshome,shelovesdoingthe cookingfor herfamily.
4
Discuss.Wouldyou tiketo go on a jungleexpedition?Why/Whynot?
Gfa
5
Perfect
&f I Present
Simple
andContinuous
Match
theexamples
r-4 withthecorrect
rulesA-DintheActive
grammar
box.
7
Active grarnmar
'lungle' (ond is
filming a TVseriescalled
'civilisation').
glad to be back in
l've had somehorriblebitesbut theseare the itchiestbites
l've everhod.
in junglesfor a total of nineteenweeksand l'm
going hometo
'
Usethe PresentPerfectSimpteto talk aboutan actionor
experience
in the pastwhenthe time is not importantor not
known.
Alreadyshowsthat somethinghappened
soonerthan
expected.lt usuallycomesbetweenhaslhoveand the past
participleor at the endofthe sentence.
Yefshowsthat the speakerexpectedsomething
to happen
beforenow.lt is usedat the endof negatives
andquestions.
see Referencepoge 87
Complete
the sentences
by usingthe promptsin
brackets.
Usethe Present
Perfect
Simple,Present
Perfect
Continuous
or Past
Simple.
(you/go/ever)
to a
jungte?
(you/decide)
whereto go for yournext
hotiday?
(you/
Howlong_
study)English?
Whatdo youwantto do
(you/
todaythat_
not do/yet)?
Where
_ (you/go)
your
for
lasthotiday?
Howmuchcoffee
(you/have/already)
today?
(you/have/ever)
a
badinsectbite?
Where
_ (you/tive)
for the lastyear?
lots of nice, Iong showers'.
Usethe PresentPerfectSimpleto describean actionthat
startedin the pastand continuesin the present,whenyou're
focussing
on the finishedaction(or on the numberof times
the actionhasbeencompteted
up to the time of speaking).
Usethe PresentPerfectContinuous
to describean action
that startedin the pastand continuesin the present,when
you'refocussingon the activityitself.We often usefor
(lengthof time)/since(startingpoint)to talk aboutthe
durationof the activity.
Usethe PresentPerfectSimpleto describean actionthat
happenedin the pastbut hasthe resultin the present.We
often usejust, yet or alreadyin this case.
/usf meansa shorttime ago.lt usuallycomesbetweenhas/
hove andthe past participle.
Correctthe mistakein each
sentence.
Person to person
A
a, In pairs,askandanswer
thequestions
in Ex.7.
b Choose
oneofthe
questions
youaskedandask
yourpartnermoredetails
aboutit.
A: Howdo you feelabouteatingfoodyou'venever
I
triedbefore?
B : I don'tusuallymindnewvegetables
andthings
but I'mnot verykeenon eatingmeatI'venever
triedbefore.Actually,
the otherday,a friendof
minepersuaded
meto try snails.I was
he didn'ttel[me
with himbecause
G) _
whattheywere.Hepretended
theywerebits
of chicken.
Well,whenI foundout,lwas nearly
!
sick!Theywerereally(6)_
Howwouldyou fee[abouta iob that involved
workingwithanimals?
B : I'veiust spentthe summerholidays
workingat
and I lovedit. Youmight
a monkeysanctuary
not thinkmonkeysareveryinteresting
but
()
you
getto knowthem.
they're _when
Somethingsweredifficult- likecatchingthem
to givethemmedicinewaspretty(8)_,
but it wasallveryrewarding.
a Findtheseadjectivesin the text on page75.
In pairs,discusswhatyou thinkthey mean.Use
the sentencesaroundthe word to help you.
(para.z)
r fascinating
z daunting(para.z)
(para.z)
3 challenging
(para.
petrified
z)
4
(para.
annoying
5
l)
6 disgusting(para.t)
7 inspiring(para.4)
I worried(para.S)
b Lookat the wordsand their contextin the
text againand choosethe correctalternatives
for theserules.
r Useadjectives
endingin -ed/-ingto describe
someone's
feelings.
z Useadjectives
endingin -ed/-ingto describea
situation.
e Writesentenceswith adjectivesfrom Ex.9a.
Pronunciation
10
Listenand markthe mainstressfor each
adjective.
r fascinated,
fascinating
z daunted,
daunting
challenged,challenging
3
4 petrified,petrifiTing
annoying
5 annoyed,
6 disgusted,disgusting
inspiring
7 inspired,
8 worried,worrying
11 a Completethe dialogueswith the most
appropriateadjectivefrom Ex.ro.
A: Doyou likecamping?
B: I canhonestlysayI hateit! | spenta week
camping
onceandeverynightI was
becauseit wasso darkand I kept
O hearing
animals.
I evenfoundputtingup my
tentquite(z)_.
lt'squiteold andone
or two of the bitsweremissing.
A: Areyou scaredof heights?
B: Wel[,no actually.I tikebeinghighup. I went
up in a smallaeroplane
a fewyearsago.I was
a littte(f) _
at firstbecauseit wasa
bit bumpy.Butin the endI foundthe whote
. lt mademe
experience
reatty(+)
wantto do otherthings- perhaps
evengo
parachuting
oneday.
b
t2
Listenandcheckyouranswers.
thequestions
in Ex.na with
a Askandanswer
otherstudents.
Usethe adjectives
in Ex.ro.
b Whohasthemostsimilarfeelings
to you?
iting
13 Readtheemailin theWritingbankon page16z
anddo theexercises.
14 Choose
oneof thesituations
in Ex.rra and
writeanemailtoa friendtetlinghim/herabout
yourexperience.
UseMaisie's
emailandthe
paragraph
planbelowto helpyou.
Paragraph
r: explain
whereyouareandwhy,and
howyoufeel
Paragraph
z: describe
whatyou'vebeendoing
you
Paragraph
3: sayhow feelaboutfinishing
questions
questions
places
askandanswer
aboutunusual
Readingg
L
:s Lool<
at the photoof Bhutanand discuss.
r Whatdo youthinktifeis likethere?
z Whydo youthinkfewtouristsgo to thiscountry?
your ideas.
!-: Readthe text quicl<ly
and checl<
Nil t-l I'Al\[ isa country
of about 750,000peoplein
the easternHimalayas.
Visitors
maybe surprisedhow much
culture.traditionand nature
areall flourishing
in Lhisvery
privatecountry.The Bhutanese
peoplebelievethat all forms of
life,humanand non-human,are
preciousand sacred.Because
of this attitude,they livein
harmonywith natureand their
n
Readthe text again.Then,with a partner,summarise
the text's
mainpointsabouta) importantbeliefsof Bhutanese
people,b)
n a t u r ei n B h u t a na n dc ) t o u r i s mi n B h u t a n .
3
Discuss.
Wouldyou liketo visit Bhutan?Why/Whynot?Doyou
t h i n kB h u t a n e spee o p l ew o u l de x p e r i e n cceu t t u r es h o c l i<f t h e y
visitedyourcountry?ln whatways?
4
#iffi Listenand deeide whichof thesequestionseachof the three
p e o p l ea r et a t k i n ga b o u t :
environmentremainspristine,
with an astonishingvarietyof
animals,birdsand plants.The
peoplelive in harmonywith each
othertoo. with no discrimination
of any kind.
In orderto safeguardthis
rich naturalenvironment
and peacefulculture,Bhutan
hasadopteda cautiousand
A : W h a t ' tsh eu , i e a t hIei kr e n y o u rc o u n t r y ?
yourfavourite
B: \A/hat's
typeof weather?
controlledapproachto tourism.
In 2003.there werefewerthan
6000 touristsandthis numberis
not expectedto increasegreatly.
\o independenttravellersare
permittedin Bhutan;all tourists
iJ
Lookat the tapescripton pageqt andwritethe underlined
w o r d si n t h e c o r r e cpt l a c ei n t h e t a b l eb e t o w .
COLD W A R M / H O T RAIN
ta0!
$sirJll
W I N D Y SKY
WEATHERIN GENERAL
{led}r
mustgo on a pre-planned,
prepaid,guided,packagetour.
However,if you makethe effort
and manageto get a visaand
::.:lp Oultt,explainthe differences
in meaningbetweenthe words
in eachcolumnin the table.Usea dictionaryif necessary.
arrangea trip, you will certainly
,:: Lookat the wordsagainand decide:
havea Iife-changing
experience
r if eachoneis a noun,adjective
or verb,e.g.breeze= n{lun
z whatotherformsthereare,e.g.breeze(n),breezy(adj)
in this magicalkingdom.
Matchoneof thewordsfrom
Ex.5 on pageTgto eachof
thesentences.
tt wasperfectweather
for
kites.
flying
isn't
in lreland
r Theweather
very
hot
or
very
usually
cold.
soaked
z I gotcompletely
onlYa
it
was
eventhough
walk.
five-minute
6
Wehadto sit in the shade
untilquitelatein the
afternoon.
Theskywasfull of clouds
andthe sundidn'tcome
out all day.
8 a lf youweregoingon hotidayto Bhutanwhatsortof thingswould
It onlyrainedfor aboutten
e.g.the weather?
youliketo knowaboutin advance,
minutesandthenit was
withan experton
fine.
b l!!t Listento a questionandanswersession
a
trip
but
; lt waswarmin the daY
Bhutanandsomepeoptewhoareconsidering there.In what
jacket
I wasgladI'dtakena
orderdo theytatkaboutthethingsin the box?
for the evenings.
the idealtime of Yearto visit!
' I like heavyrainbut I can't
specialevents/festivals
!
whattotake! organisedtrips!
*haitodoth;n
tooal
standit whenit rainsgentlY
for hoursandhours.
I Wewerefreezingwhen
the notesbelow.
Listenagainandcomplete
I
desPite
we wentcamPing
sleePing
having extra-thick
bags.
needsuncreamand
You'tl
I
W H E N T OG O :
,:
Youneverknow
a raincoat.
togo
bwtsusors
tlu
arc
aatann
any'
fipfug
I
whatthe weatherwilt be
vtntetbeunse
tn
A),
ionigo
like.
(z)insttwtubeuase
oon't-go
ro lt wasa lovetyplace- blue
It
ACTIVITIES:
skiesandthe lightwas
(t)
diffetent
of
lot
a
anl'
k fafttastk anazingvinvs
reallygoodfor taking
TrekLhS
photographs.
Listening
I
t
t
x
CLOTHES:
7
Discuss.
Howwouldyou describe
the weatherin yourarea/
country?
Howwouldyou likethe
weatherwhereyou live
to be different?
Howdo youthinkthis
wouldimproveyourlife?
Doesthe weatheraffect
yourmood?In whatwaYs?
ii nf foWta h ke:u in gur1n/'sud (+)
Also,
fortfu snn:alut anl'(s) , ,
(7)-forfiekkittg
DonTbrittg
@ -ot
(tt'satlptwtfud)
nainingwdkn96edk (e)
FESTIVALS:
to (e)
k forpeopb
ik" *io urrouforfesttuals
nfottluflagsk foryeoPba(to)
trekkingtrips
Woutdyoutiketo go on theorganised
1O Discuss.
youbeento any
Have
not?
Why/Why
in
listening?
described the
whichyou
or
abroad
your
country
in
or celebrations
festivats
Givedetails.
enioyed?
particularly
Gra
fi,f I questions
eaking
1 1 Comptete
the questions
in theActivegrammar
box.Then,lookat
thetapescript
on pagetTtandcheckyouranswers.
Directquestions
Therearetwomaintypesof directquestions:
A Yes/No
questions G) _
to corryall ourequipment?
(z) _
provideaguide?
B Wh-questions
at octivities(9 _
?
(q)
When _
thebest e to go?
Subjectquestionsareusedwhenthe questionword (e.g.who)
refersto the subjectof the sentence.
Whena wh- wordreplaces
the subjectin a questionwe do not usethe auxiliaryverb.
Who(il with the trekkinggroup?
Indirectquestions:
Useindirectquestionswhenyouwantto be polite(e.g.when
you don'tknowsomeone).
Therearedifferentwaysof starting
indirectquestions(e.g.Doyou know...,Canyou tell me ...).
Usethe wordorderof positivestatements.
Usef or whetherfor
indirectYes
/t'lo questions.
Canyou tell me what (6) _
?
CouldI askyou what () _
likel
Do you know (8) _
any interestingfestivalsat that
e?
l'd like to know (g) _
to take an ing special.
see Referencepage 87
1 g a Correctthe mistakein eachquestion.
Yougo on holiday everyyear?
Do you go on holidayeveryyear?
r Whereyou arelivingat the moment?
z Hehaseverbeentrekkingbefore?
3 Whodid giveyou thoselovelyflowers?
4 Whattime you be heretomorrow?
5 Youhavinga holidaysoon?
6 Whenthis companywasstarted?
fu Changethe questionsaboveinto indirectquestionsstarting
with the wordsgiven.
CanI ask you if you go on holiday everyyeor?
r Canyoutell me
z Doyou know
3 CanI askyou
r e
4 C a ny o ut e [ [ m
5 Doyou know
6 I'd tike
liketo know
kna
18 a Findoutabouttwoother
typesof holiday.
InA/B
groupswritequestions
using
the notesbelowto helpyou.
StudentAswritequestions
aboutcameltripsin Egypt.
StudentBswritequestions
aboutbirdwatching
in
Mexico.
Thinkaboutcost,location,
whatthe areais like,
accommodation,
food,
facilities,
activities/
organised
tours.
& StudentAs readthe
textaboutbirdwatchingin
Mexicoon pager5o.prepare
to answeryourpartnert
questions.
StudentBsreadthetext
aboutcameltrips
in Egypton
page145.Prepare
to answer
yourpartner's
questions.
* Workin A/B pairs.Take
turnsto askandanswer
questions.
?
14 Discuss.
Whichholiday
wouldyourathergoon:bird
watchingin Mexico,
camel
ridingin Egyptor trekkingin
Bhutan?
Why?
vocabulary
aboutmoving/travetting
I verbphrases
Reading
4 a Discuss.DoYouthinkthe
Workwithapartner.Matchtheunderlinedverbphrasesr-Swiththe
foltowingstatementsare true (T)
correctdefinitionsa-h. Usea dictionaryif necessary'
or fatse(F)?
to Australia'
r My parentsareScottishbut theyemigrated
A Overa mittionBritishPeoPle
him much'
z My brotherhastivedabroadfor ten yearsso I don'tsee
emigrateeverYYearnewaddress'
3 I'veiust movedhouse.Here'smy
destination
B Spainis a PoPular
in York'
r8 andwentto university
4 My sisterleft homewhenshewas
to
for BritishPeoPte emigrate
aroundthe countryside'
roaming
holidays
of
lot
a
iust
|
spent
5
to.
expIoring.
who emigratego
C MostPeoPle
we finatlyset off on our round-the-world
6 Afterweeksof planning,
backhomeaftera Year.
triP.
b Readthe text quicklYand
at the airport'
7 Weatl criedwhenwe wentto seeheroff
checkyour answers.
e I'n-offto the shops.ls thereanythingyou need?
Readthe text againand match
eachparagraPhwith the most
appropriatesummarYA-G.
Threeof the summarysentences
cannotbe used'
is
A Theappealof manYPlaces
better
the priceof ProPertY'
wagesandthe goodweather.
who emigrate,
B FormostPeoPle
it'sthe bestthingtheY'veever
done.
findthat the
C ManyPeoPte
grassis not alwaYsas greenas
2ComptetethequestionswiththecorrectformofaphrasefromEx.r.
theyhadhoPed.
-?
r At whatagedo youngpeoplein yourcountrytypicalty
Thereis a trendin recenttimes
(you)at the airport?
z Doyou tikepeopteto comeand-of
numbers
for increasing
whenyoulastwenton holiday?
3 Whattimedid youBritishpeoPleto emigrate.
youlived-?
4 whichcountrywouldyoumoveto if
It'sverydifficuttto get a work
?
if
countries
permitfor PoPular
5 WhatwouldYoumiss Youyour
tife?
in
you
SPain.
have
and
times
many
Australia
like
6 How
todaY?
class
(You)
after
to
Where
Somepeoplego abroadfor
7
place
and
new
a
to
iust
you
went
time
aboutthreeYearsin orderto
last
8 Whenwasthe
earnwe[[andsavemoneYto go
withoutanYcleardirection?
backwith.
z.
First,
Ex'
from
questions
the
partner
canbe
your
emigrating
going
ask
Atthough
to
Youare
3
be'
witl
answers
hard,it canalsoProvidePeoPle
edictwhatyouthinkhis/her
greateriob satisfaction.
with
yougetright?
to [ivein a foreigncountry
to leaveyourhouseandgo to livein anotherone
to teaveyourcountryandgo to livein anothercountry
to walkor travet,with no definitepurpose
verysoon
whenyou arereadyto go or you'regoingto go somewhere
an important'excitingor
to leaveat the startof a iourney(especiatly
difficuttiourneY)
g) whena youngpersonleaveshis/herparents'houseand goesto live
else
somewhere
h) to go to an airport,trainstation,etc'to saygoodbyeto someone
who is leaving
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
Howmanydid
b Askthequestions.
5
ON THE MOVE!
Every day, thousands of PeoPleare
on the move and,eithertemPorarilY
or permanentlY, setting uP home
abroad. Their move maY be ioborientated or PerhaPs theY think
the grass is greener somewhere
else. Whatever their reasons, it's
clear that more and more PeoPle
are stepping into the unknown and
leaving their own country.ln Britain
PeoPle make
alone, over 4OO,OOO
where do
But
the move each Year.
theY'live
do
they go and whY? And
happily ever after'?
3
Typicallya lot of people move abroad
becauseof their jobs.Theymay find
that their companyis moving them
overseasbut manY PeoPle make
their own decision,believing theY
will have more successfulcareers
abroad.PaulDerwinis a scientistwho
used to be based at a Prestigious
weather especiallyduring the dark
and cold winter months' Southern
when
Spainbecomesvery aPPealing
sunshine
of
days
you think of the 320
a year.Cheaperproperty is another
reasongivenfor moving abroad'The
costof livingin America,for example'
istwenty percentlowerthan in Britain
and often salariesare slightlyhigher'
it'snot surprising
Forallthesereasons,
that the toP five most regularlY
chosen destinations for Britons to
emigrateto are: the USA,Australia'
New Zealand,Canadaand SPain'The
The most PoPular reason for
fact that most of these are Englishemigrating,however,is the desirefor
speakingcountriesis obviouslyalso
a better quality of life' Destinations
a major factor for Britishpeople'Sue
that placea greatervalue on leisure
Riddell,a thirty-year-oldnurse from
and have a more laid-backlifestyle
Birmingham,wants to emigrate to
were the most PoPular'PeoPlealso
Australiawith a group of friends"We're
look for placesthat will give them a
fed up of the conditionswe work and
sunnierclimateand generallyhotter
live in,' she says.'lwent travellingto
weather.Britainis famousfor its bad
Australiaafter I left schooland I loved
freshair,thesense
it - the beaches,the
of space.lf I can,l'm going'And I don't
know if l'll comeback.'
Hewasdissatisfied'
Londonuniversity.
however,with the level of funding
and recognitionhe was getting and
decided to explorethe possibilities
'Emigration
California had to offer'
is incrediblydifficult,emotionallyas
he says''Butafter
well as practically,'
got
a far nicer life
ten yearshere,l've
job and
fantastic
a
than before.I have
take
People
wanted'
the recognitionI
here'
seriouslY
my work much more
It would be difficultto give that up
now.'
Despitethe fact that so many Britons
move abroad,however,most of them
go backhome afteronlYabout three
years.Often living overseasis not as
attractiveas it first seems.Generally
people emigrate because they
think life is going to be better'They
sometimeswant to do this because
they get certainfeelingson holiday
and theY romanticiseabout what it
would be liketo livethere.Theytend
to focuson the bestaspectsand think
it will be like this all the time when
''.:::;
often that is not the case'Making
':t& '*
ti€;..
'1,.:4Ea:: enoughmoneyand gettingwork can
be moredifficultabroadthan at home
;;':,
and peoPle tend to find theY miss
family,friendsand things they took
for grantedbackhome.
6
Discuss.
r
whattypeof persondo youthinkyouneedto be to emigrate
or studvabroad?
I think you needto be an independentperson.
z Haveyoueverlivedabroad?
a lf so,wheredid yougo andwhatwasit like?Whatdid youmiss?
b lf not,wouldyoueverconsider
doingso?why/whynot?wherewouldvou
tiketo go?
3 ls it commonfor peopleto emigrate
fromyourcountry?
lf so,wheredo theygo
andwhataretheirreasons?
you
Do
thinktheyfindwhattheyaretookingfor?
Gra
I
comparisons
&,f I making
Comptetethe secondsentenceso that it means
the sameas the first. Usebetweentwo and four
words (includingthe word in botd).
box.
the rulesin theActivegrammar
Comptete
Spoin is sunnierthan Britain.
isn't: Britoinisn't as sunnyas Spain.
Active graYnrnar
r
of
andsupertative
r A Thecomparative
(e.g.
cheop)
one-syllableadiectives
and adverbs(e.g.fasf) are generally
madeby
Exceptions:
whichend in a vowel
B Adjectives
(e.9.hor).These
plusa consonant
are
andsuperlatives
comparatives
madeby
whichend in 'e (e.g.nrce).
C Adjectives
andsuperlatives
Thesecomparatives
are madeby andsuperlative
z A Thecomparative
adiectives
of two andthree-syllabte
(e.g.popular)and adverbs(e.g.
carefully)are generaltYmadebY
:
Exception:
endingin
adiectives
a Two-syllable
-y (e.g.sunny).Thesecomparatives
aremadebY
andsuperlatives
Youcanalsouse(not)os...as to make
comparisons.
3 A We use(nof)os...as to compare
(e.g.Often
thingswhichare
living overseasis not as attractiveas
it first seems).
B We useas...os to comparethings
whichare
- (e.g.ThelifestYle
in NewZeolandis as laid-backas in
Australia).
*
far more
| find learningforeignlanguages
difficultthanmy sister.
much:My sisterlearnsforeignlanguages
thanme.
drierthanthis.
prefer
to livesomewhere
I'd
that
wet: I'd preferto livesomewhere
this.
nowthan I wasten
I'ma bit moreadventurous
yearsago.
I am now.
slightty:Tenyearsago lwas
At homemy tifewasa lot morecomplicated
thanit is abroad.
thanit wasat
much:My lifeabroadis home.
I don'tthinkI plannedmy timeon holiday
carefullyenough.
carefully:I think I should'veplannedmy time
on holiday
My lifestytein Canadanowis not betteror
worsethanit wasin England.
it
as: My lifestyleherein Canadais wasin England.
*
Someadiectivesand adverbshave
inegular forms:
-r
+ A good/well-r better
+ the worst;
B bad/badly) C much+ more+ most;
D little + less+ least;
E far + further+ furthest
We can't usevery to modiff comparatives'
but:
5 A We can usea bit, o little andslightly
differences.
to show
B We can usefar, much and a lot lo
differences.
show
page 87
see Reference
Ferson to person
g
aboutyourselfusing
a Writesixsentences
Youcanusethe
supertatives.
and
comparatives
ideasin Ex.8to helpyou.Fourofthesentences
shouldbetrueandtwo shouldbe false.
thonI usedto be,
I'm moreadventurous
to anotherstudent.Can
h Sayyoursentences
he/sheguesswhichtwo arefalse?
Expressions
with go
Matchthe expressions
with go in bold with the
correctdefinitionsa-j.
r We'regoingawayfor two weeksto staywith
my cousin.
z There'sa lot of shoutingnextdoor.I wonder
what'sgoingon?
3 Whichcoursehaveyou decidedto go for?
Shewouldnevergo
4 | totattytrustDanielle.
backon herword.
5 Hewentdownwith terribleflu the daybefore
his interview.
6 I'veneverbeenskiingbeforebut ld tiketo
havea go.
7 He'sdecidedto makea go of the newbusiness
for at leasta year.
8 I'vebeenon the go alt dayand I'mexhausted.
9 lt goeswithoutsayingthat we'lla[[support
you.
2
Azto be clearwithoutbeingsaid
B: it goes withoutsoying
3
to happen
to catchan illness
to takea lot of timeand effort
to choosea particular
thing
to attemptto do something
to be clearwithoutbeingsaid
to be verybusyor workingall the time
h) to not do whatyou'vepromisedor agreedto
oo
i) to makesomething
(e.g.a business
or a
marriage)
successful
i) to leaveyourhomeandgo to anotherplacefor
a fewdaysor weeks
Choosethe correctalternatives.
r
z
3
4
5
6
ro Theywentto greatlengthsto makethe partya
succesS.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Work in pairs.Sayone of the definitionsin Ex.rYourpartnershouldsaythe correctexpression.
7
8
9
ro
4
a
WhenI'mabroadI alwaysmakelhove
a go at
speaking
the [anguage.
We'regoingaway/ouffor the weekend.Could
you lookafterour cat?
Don'tworry.lt goeswithoutsoyingltalkingthat
l'il meetyou at the airport.
There'ssomethinggoingdown/onin the city
centre.lt'sful[ of people.
Atthoughtheyarguea lot, theywantto make/
havea go of theirmarriage.
| promiseI won'tgo backwith/onwhatI've
said.
Canyou helpwith dinnerplease?l'vebeenon/
offthego allday.
Yourteachercan'tbe heretoday.She'sgone
offfiown with a bad cold.
| couldn'tdecidewhichkittento go owaylfor.
Theywereall gorgeous.
Hewentto greatllonglengthsto makesurehe
wastota[[ypreparedfor the interview.
Listenand checkyouranswers.
b Listenagainand underlinethe partof the
expressionwith go which hasthe main stress.
Thenrepeatthe sentences.
en l'm abroadI alwayshavea ge ot speoking
the language.
D
a In pairs,prepareto tell a story usingfive
of the expressionsin Ex.r. Yourstory should
includeone of the sentences
below.
Oneday I decidedthat t wonteda bit more
adventurein my life.
I'd alwaysbeenfascinatedby the a of
loring caves.
I'd neverconsideredmyselfmuchof an
before.
lorer
b Listento otherstudents'stories.
Whichdid
you think was the most exciting?Howfar were
the storiesbasedon true feelings/events?
c0mpaniCIns
Travelting
' . t ' . - :. ',,.- 9 3 rj f e a l
Are you an intrepid adventurer
who loves sleeping
*hif:'*::
underthe starsor someone
'1::-1""
to H[1il:*i*f:T#:T;:i"Til"'5H,ffi"'
phoros
appears
inthe
:''ffi;:ill'.'no,,ouu,
youmost?Why?
hell?
i.
everbeen
trudvyou've
z Whatis the besthotiday
vuuvEEvE'
""' ril
""" on?
why?
companionfrom
Dothe quizwithas manydifferentstudentsas ,
ou*rl;;il;;/*rchlpool
1".'-'.",ll,Jl':;:il1il;il.'il;#;'";;;".
etc)
diving'
scuba
(eg skiing'
'o".li,.itities
out.
Do the quiz and find
.,"
t.
n
t1
ii
-l^rino irrnsle/t
Whenyou'reansweringihe questions,usethe
ideasin the quiz and your own ideas.
your suitcase?
,,r;iwhat would you definitelypack in
i
novels
l.ur,,r.uaing'novels serious
d., T;ffi
c:--+
kit
aidt,i
first^iA
*" Lookat the notesyoumadeaboutother
::
;;ffi;
,*;il
on page747.
studentsand readthe descriptions
7r\
'
books
study/work
guideboot<s
penknife
s'leepingbag
on
vou"l"ld.l^:::j:,.",evenins
Howwourd
in yourtent
personvou in the hotelrestaurant
YJ:Hl..oi:f"llTl5each
ii lilil:''ffi;;:ry','lgdifferentrood
in variousbarsandnightclubs
do youthinkwouldbethe
* Whichstudents
f.#i,'.?ilffi;il:'# il'il;rir'u'
'--' -. '' *tL
-.r,li.ii.;"#iil;;'-'v v r r y :
tobe?
horidavs
do,.y',*:.n^::r
rong
ili' ffi now
twoweeks
T5.*or.thanaweek
Travellingis learning
ii
time.
timeis goodlearning
Travelling
'
tearning
atlthewaysto continue
Brainstorm
whiletravelling.
+:
r,I
'\,
:ii
li
.
wourd
what
1I""',:1:11,""T1'":5:'*?,TI
independenttravel
watchEngtishfilmson a plane
.^L^^,.
.nr ,.,,c
o listento yourcoursebook
bus
on a
CDs^n
,
peopte
vou'Leet
:ilt?jlr"sn'speaKrng
i"i
t:
il
ii:
or four weeks open-ended
at leastthree
about your holiday?'
What do you dread most
friends/family
TVprogrammesmissing
favourite
missing
etc'
mosquitoes'
beingbored spiders.,
toilelsthat don'twork ProPerlY
of mynationality
withonlypeople
u"ingonu beach
thelanguage
ableto speak
not
"'" being
:-'
gettingrobbed
wr,atareyoui"":::y .o,^||':r"ll::t
-tr*',
ffi
andperfume lotsof
tntuptig"t*ts
ty:::
airPort-,
ti'+i ;;;;:"';n"mthe,;, andi"t"?:':']*ffi;
locars
bvthe
made
crafri
ffi]*il;r;;
Present Perfeet Si
Continuous
le and
Usethe Present
Perfect
Simpleto talkaboutan
actionor experience
in thepastwhenthetimeis not
important
or notknown.
I've visitedseveralcauntriesin SouthAmerica.
Usethe Present
Perfect
Simple
to describe
anaction
thatstartedin thepastandcontinues
in the present,
whenyou'refocussing
onthefinished
actionor on
thenumber
of timestheactionhasbeencompleted
upto thetimeof speaking.
l've livedheresincelastJanuary.
Contrast
with Present
Perfect
Continuous.
Usethe
Present
Perfect
Continuous
to describe
anaction
thatstartedin thepastandcontinues
in thepresent,
whenyou'refocussing
on the activityitself.
He'sbeenplayingtennisfor threehours.
Usethe Present
Perfect
Simpleto describe
an action
thathappened
in thepastbuthastheresultin the
present.
Theposthascome.There'sa letterfor you.
just, yet andalready
/asfmeansa shorttimeago.lt usually
comes
between
has/have
andthe pastparticiple.
l've justseenMariana.
Alreadyshowsthatsomething
happened
sooner
thanexpected.
lt usuallycomesbetween
hashave
andthepastparticiple
or at theendofthesentence.
l've olreadydonetheshopping.
Yefshowsthatthespeaker
expected
something
to
happenbeforenow.lt is usedat the endof negatives
andquestions.
Haveyoufinishedthat emoilyet?
Shehasn't lied to theinvitationvet,
estions
Directquestions:
Therearetwo maintypesof directquestions:
Yes/No
questions
Areyougoingto Donka'sportyon Saturday?
!/h- questions
Wheredid shelearnto speaksuchgoodSponish?
Subject
questions
areusedwhenthequestion
word
(e.g.who)refersto the subjectof the sentence.
Whena wh-wordreplaces
thesubject
in a question
we do not usetheauxiliary
verb.
Theteachertold us to go. +
o told youto go?
lndirectquestions:
Useindirect
questions
whenyouwantto be polite
(e.g.whenyoudon'tknowsomeone).
Usethewordorderof positivestatements.
Useif or whetherforindirectyes/Noquestions.
Canyoutell mewherethenearestbankis?
I'd like ta knowwhetherthisbusgoesto
rd.
Add-erand-estto formthecomparatives
and
superlatives
of:
one-syllable
adjectives
andadverbs
two-syllable
adjectives
andadverbs
endingin y
Usemoreandmostto formthe comparatives
and
superlatives
of two or moresyllableadjectives
and
adverbs.
Youcanalsouse(not)as...asto makecomparisons.
I can'tplaythepionoas wellasMichael.
Wecan'tuseveryto modifycomparatives,
butwe
canusethefollowing:
- a bit, a little,stightly
for a smalldifference
- far,much,verymuch,o lot,
for a largerdifference
quitea lot
I'm feelingquitea lot bettertodoy.
Key voc
ulary
Exploring
to haveitchyfeet to be bittenbythetravelbug
to goasan independent
travellerto experience
culture
shock to go/betakenintouncharted
territory to wander
around
Adjectives
with -edand -ingendings
fascinated
/fascinating daunted/daunting
challenged/cha[[e
nging petrified/petrifuing
annoyed
isgusti
/annoying disgusted/d
ng
inspired/inspiring
worried/worrying
Weather
cool chitty subzero
temperatures
mild
scorching to pour to drizzleldrizzleshower/
showery breezef
breezy clear overcastbright
changeable
Verbphrasesaboutmoving/travelling
to emigrate to liveabroad to movehouse
to [eavehome to roamaround to setoff
to seesomeone
off to be off
Expressions
with go
to go away to go on to go for to go backon
to go downwith to havea go at to makea go of
to beon thego to go withoutsaying
to goto greatlengths
J
Choosethe correctatternatives.
l've writtenlvebeenwritingeightemailsatl
morning.
a realtyawfulfilmyesterday.
l'veseenlSow
2
He'sbeentherefor/
is
in
France.
My
brother
3
sincea week.
Io
She'sverywetltravelled.She'sbeen/gone
morethantwentycountries.
met.
5 Bitly'sthe nicestpersonl've ever/alreody
herefor
6 I livein a flat in London.l'velived/lived
threeyears.
He'sworkedheenworkingin the gardenfor
hoursandhe'sexhausted.
questions
forthe underlined
Writeindirect
wordsgivenand
with
the
starting
answers
usingthewordsin brackeis.
t
l'veyet/iustmade
8 Woutdyoulikesomecoffee?
some.
Use
usingthe prompts.
Writesentences
Simpleor
Perfect
Present
the PastSimple,
Continuous.
, " , : . : i ' , , 1 ; ' ' i:a : : . ' : : ; ' ( . ,: ' : i : i : ; : ' i ' : . ' . ' 1 : ; : ,l-. ; - : ! , : , :
'al':::,1:la:.
me/threetimestoday.
r He/already/phone
weekslastsummer.
z We/go/toIndia/three
musica[.
reatly
fantastic
l/justi
see/a
r
news/yet?
4 You/hear/the
livingroomiatlday.
s l/decorate/the
6 l/know/mybestfriendiprimaryschoo[.
Lordof the Rrngsbooks?
7 You/ever/read/the
Howtong/you/study/Engtish?
8
Complete
the directquestionsfor the
underlined
answers.
:
:i: ai;.:ii:r., :.;,1i .,i_,.:i:'
? (thisshop)
Can
It ctosesat hatfpastfive.
(canbuy/theatre
I'd
ticketshere)
Yes,voucan.
your
? (you/finish
Would
homework)
finishii by rz.oo.
I'ttdefinitety
? (themost
4 Can
evervisit)?
country/you
interesting
I'mnotsure- eitherJapanor Russia.
r
Choosethe correctalternatives.
" | : . : . 1:'' 1' .,,":1';;i 1.t;aj l;ti.
heavierthanyours.
My suitcaseis much/more
mathsresultsin the
2 Taniagot the worse/uorsf
wholeclass.
Theexamwasn'tas difficultthan/asl'd
expected.
helpfutpersonI know.
4 You'rethe most/more
quite/quiet
a lot louderthan
5 Youneedto speak
that.
Peoplearefar morefriendlylfriendlierhere
thanin my country.
than
Thisoneis a/thetitttemoreexpensive
t h a to n e .
Whichactoris the betterhesf:BradPittor
DiCaorio?
Leonardo
Findthe
Onewordis wrongin eachsentence.
wordandcorrectit.
vourmotorbike?
I'vehadmy motorbike
for a weekanda ha[f.
at university?
going
at university.
She's
to studyengineering
?
ta[[.
I thinkI'maboutr metre7o centimetres
thatboxon thetop shelffor
me?
No,sorry,I can'treachit. I canontyreachthe
secondshelf.
3
4
5
6
7
8
We'l[needan alarmbecausewe'reputtingoff
veryearlyin the morning.
He'sgot realty
to go travelting.
He'sdesperate
feet.
scratchy
ld reatlyloveto makea go withdramalessons.
I thinkl'mgoingdownof a sorethroat.
l'il giveyoua lift.Thatgoeswithoutspeaking.
countryshockat firstandfound
I experienced
it hardto getusedto livingin a newplace.
shewentbackto herword.
I can'tbelieve
having
so manypeopleto seeme
It waslovely
awavat the station.
h
i 1 . 1 - : 1l r :
iiiii::,
. t ' : l i i i r , . 1 r ii , f - , r q t i € fi ' t l i f i l : S ' i
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, : i : r , . r . i i i ;i ( j , , . , " , e 5 e - ,i1S"tiA n l ' , i i i l h e t
i , . . 1 , : U i di L h e ?
: r:' r'i.l . I i:Lf:ir.: 1_,,
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llidIiai]ef.
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a n d u n c o u n t a b lneo u n s
countable
d e s c r i b eh o w t o p r e p a r ea n d c o o ka d i s h
Reading
1
Lookat the photoand discuss.
r Howdoesthe picturemakeYoufeel?
z Doyoueat a lot of fastfood?Why/Whynot?Doyou
thinkthatthe amountof fastfoodyoueatis healthy?
,
thisquestion.
a Readthetextquicklyandanswer
whatis themainmessage
According
to thefilm-makel
of thefilm?
SUPg-
10
25
' T h e p l a y g r o u n d sa r e n ' t t h e r ej u s t
h o r r i f y i n g .I n t h e f i r s t w e e k , h e
T h r e e t r i p s t o M c D o n a l d ' sa d a Y
for kids to come and play,'he
put on 4.5 kilos in weight and bY
might be every little boy's dream.
' Y o u ' r e o n l y a l l o w e di n t o t h e
says.
the end of the thirty dayshe had
But the reality was a nightmare
p l a y g r o u n dw h e n y o u ' v e b o u g h t a
g a i n e dn e a r l y1 4 k i l o s ,b r i n g i n gh i s
for Morgan Spurlockwhose
8
5
b u r g e ro r s o m e f r i e s o r a C o k e .l t ' s
4 5 t o t a l w e i g h t t o a m a s s i v e9 8 k 9 .
film SuperSize Me documents
an effectiveway of establishinga
h i s o n e - m o n t h e x i s t e n c eo n
W e i g h tg a i n w a s o n l y o n e o f
p o s i t i v ea s s o c i a t i o ni n c h i l d r e n ' s
fast food and its disastrous
the negative effects, however.
minds.'
c o n s e q u e n c e s .S o , i f i t w a s s o
W h e n a l l t h r e e d o c t o r ss a wt h e
awful, why did he do it? And
I t ' s t h e h u m o u r a b o v ea l l t h a t
s e v e r ed a m a g et o h i s l i v e r ,t h e Y
does it work as a film?
m a k e st h i s f i l m w o r k . E v e nt o w a r d s
s
t
o
P
P
i
n
g
t
h
e
r
e
c
o
m
m
e
n
d
e
d
9
0
a
l
l
50
t
he end of the month,when he
daYs.
twenty
after
experiment
T h e m a i n b a s i so f t h e f i l m i s t h a t
a
d m i t t e dt o f e e l i n g l e t h a r g i c ,
f
o
l
l
o
w
t
h
e
t
o
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
e
d
Spurlock
S p u r l o c kp r o m i s e st o e a t t h r e e
d
e p r e s s e da n d s m e l l y ,t h e
h
e
w
a
n
t
e
d
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
h
o
w
e
v
e
r
,
d
i
e
t
,
M c D o n a l d ' sm e a l sa d a y , e v e r yd a Y ,
a
u d i e n c er e m a i n e n t e r t a i n e db y h i s
p
e
o
p
l
e
t
h
i
s
k
i
n
d
o
f
w
h
a
t
t
o
s
h
o
w
for a month. He must only eat food
y
o
u
y
o
u
.
s
A
n
d
b
e
g
i
n
d
o
t
o
c
a
n
d
i
e
t
9 5 e n s eo f h u m o u ra n d u p b e a ts t Y l e .
55
f r o m M c D o n a l d ' sa n d e v e r yt i m e
S p u r l o c ks a y st h a t h e h o P e st h a t
a
f
i
l
m
c
o
u
l
d
b
e
t
h
e
t
h
a
t
r
e
a
l
i
s
e
t
o
a n e m p l o y e ea s k s i f h e w o u l d l i k e
' s u p e rs i z e 't h e m e a l ,h e m u s t
your
t h e f i l m i s e n t e r t a i n i n g ,b u t h e a l s o
picture
life:
of
fast-forward
to
' S u p e rs i z i n g 'r e f e r st o t h e
g
e
t
h o p e st h a t i t e n c o u r a g e st h e m t o
y
o
u
w
h
a
t
t
o
s
e
e
d
a
y
s
i
n
t
h
i
r
t
y
agree.
. e
y
o
u
t
a k e b e t t e rc a r eo f t h e m s e l v e sH
o
r
o
v
e
r
t
w
e
n
t
y
t
o
y
o
u
h
a
p
p
e
n
c
o
u
l
d
fact that with this type of meal
' l ' d l o v e p e o p l et o w a l k o u t o f
r
o
o
s
a
y
s
,
e
o
y
e
a
r
s
c
o
n
s
u
m
p
t
i
o
n
.
o
f
o
v
e
r
p
o
r
t
i
o
n
thirty
g e t a c o n s i d e r a b l yl a r g e r
of
t h e m o v i e a n d s a y ," N e x t t i m e I ' m
You'reon a path to heartdisease,
e v e r y t h i n g .I n s t e a do f t h e n o r m a l
'supersize'.MaYbe
p
r
e
s
s
u
r
e
,
not going to
h
i
g
h
b
l
o
o
d
g
e
t
f
a
i
l
u
r
e
,
liver
b u r g e r ,f r i e s a n d a d r i n k , y o u
I ' m n o t g o i n g t o g o t h e r ea t a l l . I ' m
d i a b e t e s ,d e p r e s s i o na n d m o r e .
a n e x t r a - l a r g eb u r g e r , e x t r a - l a r g e
g
oing to sit down and eat dinner
f r i e s , a n d a n e x t r a - l a r g ed r i n k f o r
' l t h i n k w e n e e dt o t a k e
w
i r h m y k i d s ,w i t h t h e T V o f f , s o
only a very small priceincrease.
6 5 r e s p o n s i b i l i t yf o r o u r s e l v e s , '
we can eat healthy food, talk
that
' T h e r ea l s o h a s
s a y sS p u r l o c k .
S p u r l o c ka d m i t t e d t h a t t h e w h o l e
a b o u t w h a t w e ' r e e a t i n ga n d h a v e
on the
to be some resPonsibilitY
e x p e r i m e n it g n o r e da n y s e n s i b l e
a r e l a t i o n s h i pw i t h e a c h o t h e r . " '
part of the fast food companies.
eatingplan.He knewthat by eating
J u d g i n g b y c r i t i c sa n d a u d i e n c e s
M c D o n a l d ' sa l o n ef e e d s4 6 m i l l i o n 110
t h r e e M c D o n a l d ' sm e a l sa d a y , h e
a l i k e ,t h e f i l m c e r t a i n l yd o e s s e e m
w o u l d b e c o n s u m i n gm o r e c a l o r i e s z, o people every day. TheY have an
t o w o r k . F o o df o r t h o u g h t i n d e e d .
o b l i g a t i o nt o g i v e t h e i r c o n s u m e r s
fat, saltand sugarper mealthan
i n f o r m a t i o na b o u t e x a c t l Yw h a t
h e n e e d e d .B e f o r eh e s t a r t e d ,t h r e e
t h e y ' r e e a t i n g . 'S P u r l o c ka l s o
d o c t o r s c e r t i f i e dt h a t S p u r l o c kw a s
f o c u s s e so n t h e a d v e r t i s i n ga n d
1 8 3 c m t a l l , w e i g h e da b o u t 8 4 k g
a n d w a s i n g o o d h e a l t h .A l t h o u g h 7 5 m a r k e t i n go f f a s t f o o d p r o d u c t s ,
. cDonald's
e s p e c i a l l tyo c h i l d r e n M
b o t h S p u r l o c ka n d h i s d o c t o r s
m a r k e t st o c h i l d r e nt h r o u g h
k n e w t h i s d i e t w a s u n h e a l t h y ,n o n e
H a p p yM e a l s( a c h i l d r e n ' sm e a l
o f t h e m w e r e q u i t e p r e p a r e df o r
i n a b o x i n c l u d i n ga f r e e t o y ) a n d
j u s t h o w u n h e a l t h yi t t u r n e d o u t t o
b e . T h e c h a n g e si n h i s b o d Yw e r e 8 0 p l a y g r o u n d si n t h e r e s t a u r a n t s .
b Readthe text againand exptainwhat eachof
these phrasesmeansin its context.
r 'the realitywasa nightmare'
(1.3)
'to
z
"supersize"the meal'(l.rZ)
'ignored
anysensible
3
eatingptan'(1.27)
'justhow
unhealthy
4
it turnedout to be' (1.39)
'recommended
stopping
5
(t.5o)
the experiment,
6 'a fast-forward
pictureof yourtife:'(1.57)
'an obligation
to givetheirconsumers
7
information'
([.7r)
8 'a positive
association
in children's
minds'(t.gZ)
'hissense
of humourandupbeatstyte,(1.95)
9
ro 'havea relationship
with eachother'(l.rog)
3
o
Whatis thedifference
in mean(ngbeNresn
Br/
afewandlittle/alittle in thesesentences?
1 a He'slucky.He'sgot few problemsto worry
about.
b Thingsaren'tgoingwell.He'sgoto few
problems.
2
trainleaves.
b Stayand havea drink.We'vegota littte
time beforethe showstarts.
6
Complete
the sentences
withthe correctword/
phrasefromthe box.
much many a little a few lots lot
some a greatdealof piece slice
Discuss.
Haveyou seenthis film?Whatdid you
think of it? Wouldyou like to see it? Why/Why
not?
t
2
Gfa
4
&f I countable
anduncountable
nouns
3
a Lookat theunderlined
wordsin theexamples
in theActivegrammar
box.ls eachonecountable
or uncountable?
4
5
6
b Oividethewordsin the boxintothreegroups:
countable,
uncountable
andthosewhichcanbe
both.
c Forthewordsthatcanbe both,discusswhat
thedifference
in meaning
is.
Youconsoy'a coffee'whenyou,re talkingabouta
cupofcoffeeandyoucansay,somecoffee,when
8
9
7
He ate threeMcDonold's
a day,
everyday,for a month.
2 He must only eot
s.
from McDonald,
I'll
have
sausoge,
3
beansand o black
pleose.
lf I
k coffeein the evenings,I can,t
sleepproperly.
food meal coffee diet burger
meat sugar salt chicken bread
chocolate fruit cake weather
COUNTABLE
UNCOUNTABLE BOTH
Youhaven'teaten_
fries.
I onlyhave
sugarin my coffee
nowa0ays.
Thereis too _
trafficin the citycentre.
Shegavemea _
of paperwith her
addresswrittenon it.
Hegaveme_
reallygoodadvice.
I'vegot
of bagsto carry.Canyou help
me?
He'svery[azy.Hespends
time doing
nothing.
l'[[justhaveone
of toastplease.
Therewereonly_
shopsstillopenwhen
I wentout.
I'vespenta _
of timeworkingwith
children.
Findthe mistakesin eightof the sentences
and
correctthem.
r Doyouspendlot of timedoingexercise?
z Haveyou givenanyonea goodadvicerecently?
3 Howmanysugardo you havein yourcoffee?
4 Whenwasthe lasttimeyouhadpieceof cake?
5 Howoftendo you watchthe newson TV?
6 Howmanyfruitsdo you usuallyeat everyday?
7 Doyou likea veryhot weather?
e Doyou everusethe Internetto get
information?
When
did you lastgo on an interesting
9
travel?
ro Whendid you lastbuysomenewfurnitures?
Person to person
8
seeReference
pagercl
a We mustgo.There'slittle time beforethe
Askandanswer
thequestions
in Ex.7 witha
partner.
Voc
I
ulary
I foodandcool<ing
a Putthesewordsintothe correctplacein t h e
wordmapbelow.
a saucepan an oven sweet to bake
a cooker beef to scramble bitter
a fryingpan salty to fry a peach
to roast cabbage to boil sour
a woodenspoon to grill savoury
parsley a plate
Fronuneiation
decidewhichsytlable
11 a @ Wittta partner,
in eachof the wordsbelowhasthe mainstress.
Thenlistenandcheckyourideas.
cooker
1 saucepan
2 oven
3 vegetable
4 vegetarian
s bitter
6 savoury
7 cattol
8 sugar
Waysof
cooking
b Now decidewhich syllable(s)in eachof the
wordsaboveyou think is pronouncedas a weak
torm lal. Listenagainand checkyour ideas.
Speaking
b What is the differencebetween:
r a cook/acooker
z a vegetable/a
vegetarian
recipe/a
dish
a
3
4 rare/raw
s to stir/to beat
6 to slice/tochop/tograte
c Work in pairs.Add at leasttwo morewords
to eachgroupof wordsin the word map.
1 O a Choosethe correctalternatives.
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ro
Sushiis a Japanese
dishmadewithraw/rare
fish.
Beat/Stirthe mixtureslowlyeveryfive minutes.
Ugh!Thissoupis muchtoo savoury/salty.
First,youslice/chop
the onioninto small
squares.
| findthem
| don'teat manycakesandbiscuits.
Ioo sweethour.
Fitla largesaucepan
with waterandbake/boil
the pastafor ten minutes.
Macaroni
cheeseis my favouritedish/plate.
hasbroken.I needto buya
Thecook/cooker
newone.
it's traditionaltobake/
ln Britainat Christmas,
roosta turkeyin the oven.
Whichvegetableshallwe havetoday:
cabbage/parsleyor broccoli?
L2
Listen
to someone
tatkingabouta
dinner.
Doyou
traditional
BritishChristmas
thinkyouwouldenjoythismea[?
1 3 a Choose
oneof thethingsin thelistbelow.
Thinkabouthowit is prepared
andcooked.
1 yourfavourite
dish
z thelastmealyoumadeforvisitors
dishinyourcountry
3 a traditional
you
4 a dish usedto loveasa child
whatthedishis andhow
fu Tetlother
students
prepare/cook
it.
to
* Whichof themealsyouheardaboutwould
youliketo eatmost?
passrves
writea forma[letterof complaint
Lictening
1
Discuss.
Whatcanyousee
photos?
in the
Howdoyou
thinktheyareconnected?
2
Listenandcheckyour
ideas.
3
Listenagainand decideif
thesestatementsare true (T),
false (F)or we don't know
(DK).
r
z
3
4
5
5
7
8
9
ro
4
A friendof Andressfound
the bikiniin herattic.
Andresssaidit wasa
difficultdecisionto sellthe
bikini.
Someone
boughtthe bikini
for $6roo.
Sixstormtrooper
helmets
wereauctioned
in London.
VOCabulary
I verb phrasesabout money
Theownermadea profitof
nearly$z5,ooo.
fi
what is the differencein meaningbetweenthe verb phrasesrn italics
Someone
soldBritney
in eachpairof sentences?
Spears'chewing
gumat a
r a Lotsof peoplebid for the chewinggumon eBay.
traditionaI
auction.
b Thatbagis veryexpensive.
Whydon'tyoutry andhagglefor it?
Thegumcamewitha
z a Thesebootswereontyf3o. I thinkI got a bargain.
guarantee
to proveit was
b ld tiketo buythisT-shirtbut it'sslighttymarked.CouldI get a
real.
discount?
Thousands
of peopleput in
3 a Youcanget a refundwithintwenty-eight
daysif you arenot
bidsfor the gum.
completely
satisfied.
Onemanin Texasbought
b Geta receiptjust in caseyouwantto takethe CDsback.
presents
hissonsChristmas
t+
a l'd loveto get a newcamerabut I can,taffordit at the moment.
on eBay.
b lt'[[costfro to takea taxi- it'snot worth it. Let'swalk instead.
Whenhe sotdthe presents
again,he made$rooo
6 aa Readthesentences
anddecidewhichof the phrases
in Ex.5 you
orofit.
Discuss.
Doyouknowanyone
who collectsthings(e.9.
popmemorabilia,
old
magazines,
stamps,etc.)?
Whatdo youthinkof this
kindof hobby?
z Whatdo youthinkof what
the Texanfatherdid?
3 Haveyou evervisitedeBay
or a traditionaI
auction?
Whatdo youthinkof these
waysof buyingandselling
things?
r
coulduseforeachone.
r onemanoffered
to payf5ooofora smallantique
chairat anauction.
z TenCDsforonlyf5o - that'sreallycheap!
3 I askedif I couldpayless,but the shopassistantsaidno.
but I haven'tgot enoughmoney.
4 ld tiketo buya motorbike
player
brokeafteronlya week.ld likemy moneyback,
5 ThisDVD
please.
6 I alwaystry and negotiate
a lowerpricewith markettraders.
7 Therenton that tiny flat is muchtoo expensive.
8 Don'tforgetto keepthe papertheygiveyouwhenyou buy
something.
fo Rewrite
the sentences
usingthe correctformof theverbphrase.
*,
Listenandcheckyourideas.
I
Gra,mrrr&f I passives
7
(pay)for
highprices_
6 Ridiculousty
Simple
useless
items.(Future
comptetely
Passivewith wilf)
(open)by the mayor.
The
newshop
7
(Futurewith going to)
(buy).
8 lt seemsthatalmostanything
(Modatsin the passive,
e.g.can)
a Lookat the example
in theActive
sentences
grammar
questions.
boxandanswerthese
r Whichof theunderlined
verbsareactiveand
whicharepassive?
z Foreachpairof sentences,
whywouldwe
passive
(not
choose
to usethe
theactive)?
youranswers
b Check
by reading
the rulesof
m e a n i nAga n dB .
see Referenceplge rcl
8
active
Complete
the emailwithan appropriate
or passiveform ofthe verbsin brackets.
Active g'rammar
t a Thebikini
for $6Looo.
the bikinifor
b Someone
$6t,ooo.
by the
z a Thebikini
American,RobertEarl,co-founderof
PlanetHollywood.
b TheAmerican,RobertEarl,co-founder
the bikini.
of PlanetHollywood,
Meaning
Usethe passivewhenyou want:
A to talk aboutactions,eventsand
processes
whenwho or whatcauses
the action,eventor processis unknown
Thisis oftenthe casein
or unimportant.
writing(or moreformalspeech)
B to put newinformation
or longer
expressions
laterin the sentence
Form
verbfo be + pastparticiple
c Readthe rule of form in the box and
completethe passivesentencesbelowusing
the correctverb forms (in brackets).
(buy) on eBay
Thousondsofthings
(Present
Passive)
everyday.
Simple
(ctean)at the moment.
r Thecar_
(Present
Passive)
Continuous
(find)by
z Thestormtrooper
helmet
(Past
Simple
chance
at a second-hand
sale.
Passive)
(disptay)
whenI arrived
3 Thepainting
(Past
Passive)
at the auction.
Continuous
(buy)
for
Some
items
at
auctions
4
(Present
prices.
PerfectSimple
absurdlyhigh
Passive)
gumwhich
It wasa pieceof chewing
(spit)out by BritneySpears.(Past
PerfectSimplePassive)
Hi John
J u s t o q u i c k m e s s o g et o t e l t y o u c b o u t o n
ouction f wos
( t o k e ) t o i n L o n d o nl o s t
week. I (1) ------(persuode) to go by some
friends of mine ond olthough I wosn,t very
keen qt first,
f ended up hoving o great
t i m e . W h e nw e f i r s t g o t t h e r e w e
(2) ------(give) o list of otl the items
in the ouction ond then we (3)
(hove) some time to look ot everything. Most
of it was rock-ond-roll memorobilio qnd
t h e r e w e r e s o m eo l d r e c o r d s o n d t h i n g s . I
wqs o bit nervous obout bidding for things
ot first,
but soon got into it.
Anywcy, to cut o long story short, I
(4) ------(buy) o lorge jukebox. It,s
reolly fontqstic - ond o reol borgoin I
think. It (5)
(deliver) next weeK.
But con I csk you o huge fovour? you see,
they soid it (6)
(could/not/send)
obrood to my house so I (Z)
(give)
them your oddress in London. I hope thot,s
0K! I (8)
(orronge) for my uncle
to pick it up from your ploce very soon, I
promise. Then he,ll look ofter it until f,m
i n L o n d o no g o i n i n t h e s u m m e r .D o n ' t w o r r y ,
when it orrives, you (9)
(osk) to
sign something but you won't hove to poy
onything. Atl the poyment (10) _______
(sort) out olreody.
r ' 1 1 phone soon to let you know the exoct
time of delivery.
A11 the best
Guiseppe
Speaking
I
iting
Discusswith a partnerwhatyou woulddo in eachof the situations
belowand why.
r Youhavejust beenserveda mealin a restaurant
whichis coldand
verylateto arrive.
z Yourealisethat you boughtfourCDsin a shopyesterday
but you
werechargedfor five.
You
havejustarrivedat yourhotelon hotiday.
Thebrochure
said
3
pool
therewasa swimming
but it hasn'tbeenfinished.
is brokenandsomewet clothesare
4 Yournewwashingmachine
stuckinsideit.
1O a
Listento the conversation
and answerthe questions.
r Whichof the situations
in Ex.9is it?
z Howdoesthe customer
feel?
What
solution
is
offered?
3
b Listenagainand completethe Howto box.
complain in a shop, restaurant, hotel, etc
Customer
asksto i I'dliketo speakto the(i
, please.
speakto someone i Couldt speak to CustomerServices,please?
. CanI help you?
'. CanI be of any (z)
_?
(i)
whot
to be the problem?
I
-
Customer
says
whatproblemis
My woshingmachinehasstoppedcompletely
and there'sa loadof woshingstuckinside.
Yourcomputers
weredownandI couldn'tget
through.
Wehavebeenwoitingfor overan hourfor our
moincourse.
Manager/
Assistant
apologisesand
offersa solution
Oh,l'm verysorryaboutthat,madam.
I canonly(+)_
.
We'llprovideo (S)_
freeof anyextro
charge.
Wouldyou like a refund?
e Addonesentence
to eachsection
in the Howto box.
1 1 In pairs,chooseoneof thesituations
in Ex.9.Doa roleplay
in whichthecustomer
complains
aboutthesituation.
Use
thelanguage
in theHowto boxto helpyou.
12 Readthe letterin the Writing
bankon page163and do the
exercises.
18 Chooseone of the situations
in Ex.9 or one of yourown
ideasand writea formal
letterof complaint.Usethe
paragraph
planto helpyou.
Paragraph
1: statebrieflywhat
you'recomplaining
about
Paragraph
z: givedetails
your
about
complaint
Paragraph
3: givefurther
detailsaboutyourcomplaint
(if necessary)
Paragraph
4: saywhatyou
wouldlikethemto do
bprtslnedfing
*ioutsewices
done
Reading
1
Discuss.
Doyou haveanypets?Didyou useto haveany
petswhenyouwerea chitd?lf so,whichones?
lf not,whynot?
Whatdo youthinkarethe mainreasons
why
peoplekeeppets?Doyouthinkit is a good
ideafor children
to havepets?Why/Whynot?
Whatcanyouseein the photos?
*
Readthe text quickly.Whichof the thingsin the
photosare mentioned?
In some parts of Europeand the USA,
many pet owners see their cat or dog
as a member of the family.In the UK,
owners spend an amazing€4 billion
annuallyon keepingtherr petsfit,well and
entertained.In one survey it was found
that up to forty percentof owners said
they boughtgiftsfor their pets,including
Christmas and birthday presents.
Owners happilypampertheir pets with
increasinglylavish lifestyles,including
toys,furniture,accessories
and'gourmet'
food. There are also pet psychologists
for those with problems,pet passports
for those who want to travel and a
whole rangeof serviceson offer:There
are hundreds of retail outlets offering
owners a vast array of produds. But
many pets have everythingthey could
ever askfor (or bark for?).Thequestion
for many owners now is:what do you
give to the pet that has everything?We
askedsome owners what their pet got
for hisor her lastbirthdav.,,
I
reallyexcitedabout:a necklacemade of
'She
fake pearlswhich cost about €70.
doesn't reallywear it becauseit seems
to irritate her;but we took some great
photos!'saysSylvia.
Claudetteand PierreLeroiand'Mignon':
Claudetteand Pierre live in Pariswith
theirYorkshireterrier; Mignon.Because
Mignon is a longhaireddog, Claudette
saysthat it'snecessary
to take her to the
'l
hairdresserregularly take her to the
ManionDowdeswelland'Pixie':Marion
beautyoarlouronce a weekto haveher
liveson her own in Edinburgh,
UK with
fur
done.I dont think it'sa luxuryreallyl
'Pixie
her dog, Pixie.
really is my best
Mignonhasit washedand brushedand
friend,'saysMarion.'He'ssuch a lovely
sometimes cut and even curled. On
dog and my constantcompanion.I'd be
specialoccasions,like her last birthday,
lost without him, so I think I just treat
for example,Mignon had the fur from
him like I'd treat anyoneI lovel For his
the top of the headpulledbackandtied
last birthday,Marion bought Pixiea bed
asa ponytail,whilethe restof her fur was
costingover€300.Sheadmitsthat it was
'She
cut short,
looked so cute - like a
too muchmoneyto spendon an animal.
little
Barbie
dolljsays
Claudette.Shegets
'l
know it's a bit over-the-top,'she says,
the
dog
anaesthetised
to do thesethings
'but
he does love it!' Marion saysshe
so that she standsstill for long enough,
doesn'tonly indulgehim on hisbirthday.
but Claudettethinksit'sworth it.
'doggie
Lastweek,shegot a set of
boots'
So,is all this pet indulgencegone mad?
to keep Pixie'spawswarm and stop him
Or is it simplyspoilinga valuedmember
from slippingon wet ground.'Probably
a
of the family?
luxury but why not occasionally?'
Sylvia and Brad Phillips and family
'Beauty':
The Phillipsfamily from
and
California,USA, acquired Beautythree
yearsagowhen some friendsemigrated.
'We
didn't reallyknow much about dogs
then, and at first we didnt know how
it would work out,'saysSylvia.'Butright
from the start,she just made our family
completeand the kidsadore her:They're
alwaysfindingnew thingsto buy for her:
She probably is spoilt but it's fun.' Last
year:they got her a present they were
I
fj
{:t
a Readthe first paragraph
againand decideif thesestatements
are true (T),false (F)or we don't know (DK).
6
r Britishownersspend€4 billionon theirpetseveryyear.
z Onequarterof ownersbuytheirpetspresents.
problems.
3 Morepetsthanbeforehavepsychological
whatto buyfor theirpets.
4 Someownershavea problemknowing
r I'veneverhadmy hairdye.
z I'vehadmy housebroken
intoseveraltimes.
3 | nevermy househave
- | do it myself.
decorated
4 | haven'thadmy eyes
testingfor ages.
5 I'vegot a lot of thingsto get
doingby thisweekend.
5 | havedry-cleaned
someof
my clotheseverymonth.
7 I reallyneedto havemy
t r a j c: u ts o o n .
'd
8
i:<eto getmy photo
:ooKDva professional
!"olographer.
fu Readthe restof the text.Whichof the followingapptyto which
pet or pets(or noneofthem)?
r his/herownerbuyshim/herclothes
z his/herownerwantsto makehim/herlooknice
friendty
company
for his/herowner
3 he/sheprovides
holidays
+ his/herownertakeshim/heron expensive
his/her
owner
knows
he/she
is overindulgent
s
6 his/herownertakeshim/herto the hairdresser
7 his/herownerbuyshim/hertoysanddotls
8 his/herownerwasignorant
aboutpetsinitiatly
4
ffira
n
Discuss.
Doyou think petsshouldbe treatedlike a memberof the
family?In general,what is the attitudeto petsin yourcountry?
fl,T I have/getsomethingdone
a Complete
examples
A-Cin theActivegrammar
boxusinghad,
haveandgefs.Thenlookat thetextagainto checkyouranswers.
Findthe mistakesin six of the
sentences
and correctthem.
Person to person
/
utscussA ' Ea - " c t : r e s e n t e n c e s
i - E r . .5 : . - e f o r y o t r ?
-e.
a - : : - e ' s t - c e n ta n d
f
-
-a-gP
'F;
Cr
i
C r
.)Fprq
qo
that
-:.
/i's :---€i ncven'thodmy
A I take her to the beautyparlour to (i
her fur done.
B An her last birth
Mignon (z) _
the fur from the
tap of the headpulled back and tied as a pon il.
C She (f) _
the dog anaesthetisedso that shestonds
still ot the ha
er.
Formhave(orget) + object+
Meanings
r ln examplesA-C,is this structure(withhaveor get) used
to talkabouta) doingsomething
ourselves
or b) arranging
for something
to be doneby somebody
else?
Wecanalsousethis structure:
z withhoveor get,to talkaboutthingsthat happento us,and
3 withget only(nothave),to mean'finishdoingsomething'.
D I had my bag stolen on
way homefrom work.
E Shegot her ftngerscaughtin the car door.
F As soon as I get this essay ten, l'il take the dog out.
F* Complete
the ruleof formwiththe correctpartof speech.
* Lookat ruler andanswer
thequestion.
d Lookat rulesz and3. Thenmatcheachrulewiththecorrect
examples
D-F.
seeReferenrc
pogefil
etes testedfor oges.I
thinkI shouldhaveit done
soonbecousemy eyeshurt
whenluseocomputet.
!t,ha:ii.l"gsdo youhave
doneregularly?
Why?What
t h i n g sc a ny o uh a v ed o n ei n
'lourneighbourhood?
I hovemy carcleaned
insideand out oncea
month!I know it's
ertravagant
but I hate
doing it myself.
8
in thebox
dividetheanimats
a, Witha partner,
belowintosixgroups.
eagle,duck= birds
eagfe horse dog whale spider butt
fish bat fly du€k cat bear
ananimalusingthewords
c ln pairs,describe
partner
shouldguesswhich
in thebox.Your
a n i m ai lt i s .
in fur.lt hasfour
A: Thisonimal'sbodyis covered
pawsandit wagsitstail whenit's happy.
B: A dog!
b Addat leastthreemorewordsto eachof
yourgroups.
I
vowelsoundsin the
b Whichof theunderlined
wordsin theboxhavethesamesoundsaseach
other?Listenagainandcheck.
in italicsby
1 0 a Comptete
the expressions
in the
a @ Labelthepartsof theanimals
picturesusingthewordsin the box.Thenlisten
andcheckyouranswers.
fUf fgathers paws hqqves claws tail
wlngs whjskers flns horns beak
writingthenameof oneanimalin each.
r lt'strueshepaidoverf3ooforonepairof
else
I didn'tiusthearit fromsomeone
shoes.
- shetotdmeherself.
ltwasstraight
fromthe
'smouth.
It'smyiob to telthimhe'sfailedhisexam.I've
gotto tell himbut I fee[reallybadaboutit. I'll
just haveto tokethe-by
the hornsand
do it.
My eyesighthasgot muchworse.I can'tread
for most
thisprice[abeIat al[.I needglasses
l'm as blindas o thingsnowadays.
withoutthem!
My bosswasin a bad moodwith everyone
yesterday.
Heshoutedat anyonewho went
with o sore
nearhim. He waslike o
head.
E
a
l
I
b
Listenandcheckyouranswers.
mean?
1 1 a Whatdo youthinktheexpressions
in pairs.
Readthesentences
againanddiscuss
E----___----_
r-4 in Ex.roawiththe
b Matchthe expressions
a-d
below.
correctdefinition
a) to haveverybadeyesight
irritable
andextremety
b) to bein a badtemper
'first
fromtheoriginal
hand'information
c)
source
or
dealwith
a difficutt
d) to confidently
dangerous
situation
andtel[other
c Choose
twoof theexpressions
using
or situation
students
abouta person
them.
in your
d Doyouhavesimilarexpressions
language?
Prefixes
a
Listenandmatchthepeoplewith
itemsA-D.Oneof themcannotbe used.
A Someone
annoying
B Someone
completely'over-the-top'
C Something
to beproudof
D Somethingembarrassing
b Listenagainandmakebriefnotesabout
eachstory.
c Retelleachstorywithyourpartner.
2
I
a Lookat the tapescripton paget72 and find
a wordto matchwith eachdefinitionbelow.
a Complete
thesentences
belowwiththe
mostappropriate
wordfromthebox.Notallthe
wordscanbe used.
monologue monolingualbicycle
biannual multimedia multipurpose
overtired overworked undercooked
underpaid ex-girlfriend ex-husband
reheat rewrite extra-small
extra-stronguncomfortableunnecessary
Storyr
r to sleepmorethanyou hadintended
z to thinkor guesssomething
is lessthanit is
3 a formeremployer
Storyz
againandlearnnew
+ to go backto studying
skills
equatly
well
5 to be ableto speaktwo languages
6 describing
a company
that hasoffices,
factories,
etc.in manvdifferentcountries
I alwaysfeel slightly unco
wearinga hat.
r
z
Story3
7 not usua[or normal
e verybig
a wayof speaking
thatsounds
9 describing
uninterested
because
it'son onenote
3
4
5
h Lookat the wordsfrom Ex.za and write the
prefixesin the table.
appropriate
PREFIXES
MEANINGS
t mono
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
one/single
twice/two/every
two
many
morethan
lessthan
former
again
very
not
6
EXAMPLES
monolingual
e Readtheruleabouthyphens.
Thenwriteone
moreexample
of yourownfor eachprefixin the
tableabove.
Hyphens:
WeusehyphensO withsome
prefixes,
includingextra-andex-.Checkin a
dictionary
if youareunsure.
b
4
rtable and silly
Thecompany
holdsa big_
conference,
so the nextonewill be in sixmonths'time.
Whenyougo camping,
whatyou needis a
good_
knifethat doeseverything.
You'ilneedto usesome
packaging
so
thatit doesn'tgettornin the post.
BecarefuI
thatthe foodis hotatltheway
throughandnevereat_
meat.
| thinknursesare_
especially
considering
the amounttheygetpaid.
I'veonlystudiedEngtish
in my owncountry
wherethe classes
area[[
Theteacherhasaskedmeto _
my
essaybecause
I misunderstood
the question
the firsttime.
I stittget on wellwith my
eventhough
I don'tseehermuchnowadays.
Listenand checkyouranswers.
a Workwitha partner.
Choose
something
to
talkaboutfromthe list in Ex.ra. Prepare
to tell
yourstoryusingasmanyof thewordsin
Exs.za and3aasyoucan.
b Listen
to otherstudents'stories.
Whichof
theitemsin thelistdo youthinkeachof the
storiesyouheardwasabout?
rl
a In pairs,complete
the
wordmapsfor eachof
the placesin the pictures.
Include
as manywordsas
youcanwhicharerelatedto
eachplace.
2
a Whichof the sentenceswould you expectto hearin a) a
restaurant,b) a shoeshop,c) a hairdresser?
r ld liketo try theseon,please.
z I'l[havethe griltedtuna,please.
I Justa cut and blow-dry?
4 I'vegot btackin size38, but not in 39.
5 Rare,please.
waiter
6 I'dalsolikesomehighlightsdone.
z A bottleof the housered,please.
8 Theylookreallyniceon you.Howdo theyfeel?
9 l'd liketo bookan appointment.
ro We'reofferingall customers
an Indianheadmassage.
u Webookeda tablefor two in the nameof Morrison.
knife
Listento three conversations
b
and numberthe sentencesin
you
hearthem.
the order
clothesshop/
s h o e sh o p
3
a In pairs,choose
oneof thesituations
fromthetistening.
Lookat
page
thetapescript
on
t7z andunderline
anyimportantphrases.
thesituation
h Roleplay
usingtheideasfromthelistening
and
yourownideas.
4
a Lookat thetableandnotedownsomemorethingsthat people
complain
aboutin thethreeplaces.
RESTAURANT
tattort
yourwordswith
b Compare
otherstudents.
SHOE/CLOTHES
SHOP
Foodis undercooked Shoesare dirty
Seruiceis slow
Button is missing
HAIRDRESSER
Cuttoo short
Dyedwrongcolour
placeanddecideon oneor two
b In pairs,choose
a different
thingsto complain
about.Roleplay
thesituation.
il
nouns
Countable
nounsarewordslikebanana,
hotel.They
canusea singular
or pluralformof theverb.
That'so lovelyhotel!
Uncountable
nounsarewordslikefood,information,
equipment.
Theyusea singularformof theverb.
Thereisn'tmuchfoodI
Common
uncountable
nouns:
accommodation,
advice,
behaviour,
bread,
equipment,
food,furniture,
health,information,
knowledge,
luggage,
news,research,
salt,spaghetti,
traffic,travel,trouble,water,weather,
work
Common
nounswhichcanbecountable
or
uncountable:
chicken,
chocolate,
coffee,egg,glass,hair,iron,
paper,
room,space,
time,wine
Youcanuse:a/an,few,a few,some,any,many,a lot
of, lotsof, beforecountable
nouns.
I haven'troastedanypotatoes.
Youcanuse:liffle,a little,some,ony,much,a lot of,
lotsof, beforeuncountable
nouns.
Therewasn'tmuchtrafficthismorning.
few/afew andlittle/a littlel
Fewandliffle (without'a') areusedto talk about
negative
ideas.
got
She's fewfriendsandis quitelonely.
He'sgot littlemoneyandcon'tafforda newcar.
A few anda littleareusedto talk aboutmore
positiveideas.
l've got a fewbiscuitsleft.Wouldyoulikeone?
CouldI haveteawitho little milk,pleose?
Passives
Wecanuseactiveconstructions
whenthe subjectis
theperson
or thingthatdoestheaction.
I boughta reallyfantasticpartydresson eBay.
Wecanusepassive
constructions:
whenwhoor whatcauses
theactionis unknown
or
unimportant
whenwewantto putnewinformation
or longer
expressions
laterin thesentence
Weoftenusepassive
constructions
in writingor in
moreformatspeech.
Thepassive
is common
in news
stories,
scientific
andacademic
writing.
Thedog wasfoundthreedoysafterit wentmissing.
Alsousethe passive
whenthe obiectof the active
sentence
is themainfocus.Usebyto saywhodid
theaction.
A assopaintingwassoldby a wealthybusinessman
Iastweek.
Wecanusethepassive
in anytenseandwithmodal
verbs.
Formverbto be + pastparticiple
Wehoven'tbeengiventheexamresults
yet.
Formhave(orget)+ object+ pastparticiple
Usethe structureto have(orget)somethingdone:
to talkaboutarranging
for something
to be doneby
someone
else
I havemyhair d onceeverysixmonths.
to talkaboutthingsthathappen
to usor to describe
an'experience'
I hodmybikestolenlastweek.
Thereis anotheruseof gef + object+ pastparticiple
(NOThave)whichis usedto mean'finishdoing
something'.
I needto getmyhomework
done.
Key vocabulary
Excess
extravagantexcessivea luxury extra-large
to spoiIsomeone overpricedfar-fetched
to goon a spending
spree
Foodand cooking
a saucepana fryingpan a wooden
spoon
anoven a cooker a cook a plate a dish
a recipe sweet savoury bitter satty sour
rare raw to bake to roast to scrambteto fry
to gritt to boil to stir to beat to slice
to chop to grate beef cabbage parsley
a peach a vegetablea vegetarian
Verbphrasesaboutmoney
to bidfor somethingto hagglefor something
to geta bargain to geta discount
to geta refund to geta receipt
to beableto affordsomethingto beworthit
Animalsand animalexpressions
dog cat butl horse bear bat fish whale
duck eagle fly spider fur feathers paws
hooves claws tait wings whiskers fin horns
beak straightfromthe horse's
mouth
to beas blindasa bat
to be tikea bearwitha sorehead
to takethe bullbythe horns
Prefixes
oversleepundercookedex-boss retrain
bitingualmultinationaI
unusuaIextra-[arge
monotonous
Choose
thecorrect
alternatives.
.. .
Complete
thesentences
usingthecorrect
tense
of a verbfromthe boxin the passive
form.
catch charge deliver employ include
open repair send
2
I
4
5
6
7
8
Service
in the bittso Voudon'tneed
to leavea tio.
| _some
flowersyesterday
but I don't
knowwho they'refrom.
Thegoodsthatyouordered
next
_
Friday.
My carbrokedownlastweek.lt _
at the
moment.
Don'tusethe medicine
if the packet
atreadv.
lt'suntikely
thatthe robbers
| wasannoyedbecause
we _
for a bottle
of winewe didn'thave.
Shewassackedaftershe
by that
companyfor overfifteenyears.
Lookat part of Tilly'sdiaryand imaginethat
todayis Tuesdayand it's r.3op.m.Write
sentencesabout what shehod done,is having
done and will have done.
":'.a
7
2
3
4
5
6
8
l:
tt,t.,;,rt
:,1.,,.,,rt,
Couldyou givemean/someinformation
about
traintimesplease?
2
l've got two largepiecesof luggage/uggoges.
3 Howmony/muchfurniturehaveyou got in your
livingroom?
4 Thenewsis/arealwaysso depressing.
research
into global
5 He'sbeendoingo/some
warming.
Therewereonlyfew/afew peopletherewhenr
arrived.
l'd likeo/somesticeof toastwith iam andan
orangeiuice,please.
CanI giveyouan/someadviceaboutrevising
for yourexam?
r
t,,
?**x*eY
.',i|.': i,,,.1 !iri,:,.
,t:,,::
':ir'.'.;:'::ft:
i;r.tdj:i:::!;j.j.
ves)
?,,
li,
t
7*t**r3&7
Sar't^'t"
Hariocuf (& highiights) X' I
- befweeh i
ooo''r)
(1ivi'ng
eafiel *i*eJs
a*\)" ?:9"r"'*
Norgefi
e worfch fo repariv shop /our'f
4:
i:,
i:1,
,,.
':l
?:
ti:,
L
Choosethe correctalternative.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
I don'treally[ikecookedcarrots.
I muchprefer
them rare/row/roast.
l've decidedto bid fromlfor/atthat table I told
youabout.
f6o is too muchfor that bag.lt's reallynot
vaIue/offord/u ort h it.
| won'tbelievehe'sgotthejob untilI hearit
straightfromthe cat'slbull'syhorse3
mouth.
I'mtakingmy dogto thevet because
he cut his
hoof/paw/cloul
on somebrokenglass.
Thesoundon thisCDis reallystrange.
Takeit
backand geta discount/refund/receipt.
Beforeyou roastpotatoes,you shoutdboke/
beathoilthemfor ten minutes.
She'slike a batheorlbullwith a sorehead
today.She'salreadyshoutedat metwice.
Complete
the wordswith the mostappropriate
prefix.
r
Thechildren
needan eartynight.Theyare
tiredandratherirritable.
z lt all tooka lot longerthanI expected.
|_
estimated
the timeby several
hours.
3 Shetalksin sucha boringand_tonous
voicethat I iustfetlasleep.
4 I'vebeena teacherfor ten yearsbut I've
decided
to _train as a computer
technician.
We'vedecided
to havea schoolreunionevery
two yearsandmakeit a _ennial event.
Theclassrooms
areextremely
modernand
havea[[the latest_media equipment.
Whenyou_heat food,you needto make
surethatyougetit hotenough.
She'sgota very_usua[ name.I wonder
whereit comesfrom.
Lead-in
In pairs,describe
thephotosandanswer
thequestions.
r Whatdoyouthinkthepeople
allhavein common?
z WhatdoyouthinktheVhadto doto achieve
theirsuccess?
L
a Complete
thesentences
withthewords/phrases
fromtheboxin
thecorrect
form.Usea dictionarv
if necessarv.
best-sellersucceed go under havehadtheirday havea go
giveup up to scratch
r
lf the business
doesn'tstartmakingmoneyby the endof theyear,
it will probabty
andhaveto close.
_
z Hisbook'sbeenan instant _ . Everybody's
talkingaboutit.
you
because
failedthisexamdoesn'tmeanvoushould
3 Just
Youcanalwaysre-takeit in October.
I thinkthesereatityTVshows
. Noone'sveryinterested
in
themanymore.
- try,try,try
Youknowwhattheysay:'lf at firstyou don't
again!'
I'mafraidtheworkyou'vedoneon the housereallvisn't
You'l[haveto redoa lot of it.
the carwilthetpstartit, but youcan_
7 l'mnotsurethat pushing
b
3
Listenand checkvour answers.
Tellanother
studentaboutthelasttimeyoufeltyouachieved
something
special.
.-k
:'s time/'d rather/'d better
d e s c r i b ed i f f e r e ntty p e so f p e o p l e
urscuSs.
r
ls leadership
a natural-born
talentor a learned
skitt?
z Whatqualities
leaderneed?
doesa successfu[
do peopleneedto
situations
3 In whatdifferent
worktogetheras a group?
Why/Whynot?
4 Doeseverygroupneeda leader?
Readthe text quicklyand matchthe questions
abovewith the correctparagraphs.
TheSuccessful
LeadershipTrust- our
company specialisesin training you
to be a successful
leaderfor whatever
situationyou'rein"
Readthe text again.Arethesestatements
true (T),
false (F)or we don't l<now(DK).
r
z
3
a
S
6
Beingableto workin a groupis oneof the most
imoortant
tifeskitts.
generally
Groupsof peopledoingsocialactivities
don'tneedleaders.
groupsoftenstopattending.
Members
of leadertess
AntonioCarluccio
thinkshe is a naturat-born
leader.
Goodleaders
areoftenslightlyafraidof theirrole.
Goodleaders
shoulddo moreworkthanthe other
g r o u pm e m b e r s .
or with weak
Grouos
withoutleaders
leadersatmost alwaysbreak down.
groupoften
Members
of a leadertess
andfrustrated.
beginto feeIdissatisfied
Timeis wastedand the tasksare not
achieved.Thereare often arguments
peopteas there
Atmostnothingwe do in this worlcjis
andtensions
between
donein isolation.
to keepthegoats
At workor at p[ay, is nobody
clear.
Some
you't[find yourself
dominateand others
in groups,
working personatities
with otherpeopte:
yourteamat work, disappear.
Oftengroupmembers
begin
a meetingwith co[[eagues.
in orderto
yourfamiLy, not to cometo meetinqs
a hoLidaywith friends,a group of
avoidmoredisharmony.
students
workingtogether,
a day out
walkingin the mountains,
a groupof
neighbours
wantingto makechanges. Somepeop[eare naturalleaders.
The
It is nowrecognised
ce[ebritychef,AntonioCartuccio
says,
that beingableto
'True
worksuccessfuLLy
[eadersare born and you can
with otherpeopteis
oneof the majorkeysto success,
partly spotthemin kitchens.
They'repeople
because
we needto do it so often.
who combine
toughness,
fairness
and
humour.'ALthougha lot of peopte
agreethat therearesomenatural-born
::
In atmosteverysituationwhereyou're leaders,most peop[enow recognise
in a group,you wi[[ needa skilted that leadership
can also be taught.
Leader.
At[ groupsneedleaders
and experienced
staff
anda[[ OurprofessionaI
successfuI
groupshavegood leaders. can trajn atmostanyonehow to be a
successfu[
leader.Goodleadersdon't
makepeopledo things in a bossy,
controttingway. You can learn how
to involveeveryone,
encouraging
the
wholegroupto worktowards
a common
goat.
.-l
0ur training coursesuse activities
andtechniques
to develop
a rangeof
qualitieswhichare necessary
to be a
goodleader.
Setf-confidence
is vitaIand
yourownfears
beingabteto overcome
aboutbeinga leader.
Successfu[
leaders
also needto be calmand intettigent.
Theyneedto be ableto workout good
strategies
and makesoundjudgements
under pressure.
Lastly,and probabty
good leadersneed
most importantty,
to be sensitive.
sociableand be able
to get on with a widerangeof people.
Good leadershipis essentialtythe
abitityto influenceothersand good
leaders
a[[owa[[ members
of the group
to contribute.
4
Discuss.
Doyouagreewiththe quotes?
Why/Whynot?
7
'Theartof leadership
is sayingno,notyes,lt isvery
easyto sayyes.'Tony
Blair
'Themostimportant
leadership
successful
thingabout
Roosevelt
howto getonwithpeople.'Teddy
is knowing
'Don't
tellpeople
howto dothings,
tellthemwhatto doand
letthemsurprise
youwiththeirresults'George
S.patton
5
Listen
to theworkappraisal
interview
anddecidewhichof
thesentences
bestsummarises
points.
themain
r He'sdoingwellin hisroleof teamleader
butwouldlikesomemore
training
z He'sfindinghisroleof teamleader
difficutt
andthinksheneeos
sometraining
in becoming
a teamleader
butwouldlikesome
3 He'sinterested
training
first
6
a
Complete
sentences
r-4 in theActivegrammar
box.Then
listenandcheckyouranswers.
a Complete
the dialogue.
Use/f's time,'d ratheror
'd better
and the correct
form of the verb in brackets.
Anna:Hi,Witt.Howdid your
appraisalgo?
Wilt:lt wentwell,thanks.My
(have)
bossthinks(r) _
moreresponsibitity
andmaybe
becamea teamleader.
Anna:Ohthat'sgood.Howdo
you,feeIaboutthat?
Will: I'mpleasedbecauseI
wasthinkingof lookingfor a
betterjob in anothercompany,
(stay)hereif
but (z)
I can.
Anna:lt wouldbe greatif you
wereour teamleader.
(f) _
(be)in chargethan
someone
we don'tknow.
Will:Thanks.Anyway,
(+)_
(go)becauseI've
got a meetingin fiveminutes.
Seeyou later.
b
Listenand check
your answers.
Person to person
Active grammarf
t I feel that it's _
I movedon now.
z I think I _
you did the t course.
I
not
wait
3 _
for two months.
get your nameon the list imme
4 I_
A Formlt's time+ subject+ _
I
tely.
Meaningto talk aboutwhenyou shouldhavedone
somethingalreadyor at leaststartedit
B Formsubject+ wouldrather+ object+ _
(+ thon ..)
Meaningto talk aboutwhatyou'dprefersomeoneelseto do
C Formsubject+ wouldrather+
(+ than ..)
Meaningto talk aboutwhatyou'dpreferto do
D Formsubject+ had better+
Meaningto talk aboutsomething
whenit is advisable
to do it
(in the presentor future)
b Complete
the rulesof formby writingpasttenseor infinitive.
c Lookat the sentences
1-4againandexplainwhateachone
means.
Readtherulesaboutmeaning
to hetpyou.
seeReference
pagefi5
a Writethreesentences
aboutyoustartingwith/f's
time...
It's timeI tidiedup theliving
room.
It's timeI got in touchwithmy
brcther
It's timeI chongedmyjob.
b In pairs,compare
your
sentences
withanother
student.Askyourpartnerto
tellyoumoredetailsabout
his/hersentences.
Tryand
includel'd betterandl'd
ratherin youranswers.
a Workin A/B groups.
to find
Usea dictionary
outthemeanings
of thefive
andpronunciation
in yourgroupbelow.
adjectives
GROUPA
G R O UB
P
outgoing
easy-going
open
selfish
proactive
witty
opinionated
manioulative
single-minded
headstrong
tZ a Matchtheexpressions
in theboxwiththe
picture.
correct
In pairs,saywhatyouthink
eachonemeans.
b Workin A/B pairs.
t
Tel[eachotheraboutthe meaning
and
pronunciation
of the fivewordsin yourgroup.
Addsomeadiectives
whichhavea) opposite
meanings
andb) similarmeanings
to the
onesin the box.
open - reserued(opposite)
heodstrong+ determined(simila4
c Compare
youaddedwith
the adiectives
otherstudents.
10
Listento ten peopledescribing
different
peopletheyknow.Foreachonewritean
adjective
fromEx.9 whichyouthinkdescribes
him/herbest.
t easy-going
a Thinkof threepeopleyouknowwhoyoucan
describe
usingsomeof the adjectives
in Ex.9.
b Tetlyourpartner
giving
abouteachperson,
examples
how
of
he/shebehaves
whichshow
whyyou'vechosenthoseadjectives.
person.Shereally
My sisteris a veryheodstrong
wantedto traveloroundSouthAmericaon her
own.Everyone
triedto persuade
hernot to
becouse
it wasdongerous
butshedecidedto do
it anywoyand.,,
e Whichof thequalities
fromEx.9do you
people
thinksuccessful
usuallyhave,and
whichcanstopyoubeingsuccessful?
Give
rea50ns.
peoplearevery
I thinkthatmostsuccessful
determined
andsingle-minded
but if youoretoo
go
you
heodstrong
it could against becouse
...
be the centreof attention be a partyanimal
be a completedoormat be down-to-earth
be reallyhighmaintenance
b Doyouhaveanysimilarexpressions
in your
language?
1 3 a Talkaboutyourselfandthe differentsides
of yourpersonality.
First,thinkabouthowyou
behave
in different
situations
usingtheideasin
theboxandyourownideas.
leadinga discussion
at workor school
givinga presentation
at work
makinga complaint
in a shopor restaurant
talkingaboutyourselfin a iob interview
performing
on stage
beingin a crowdof peopleat a party
cookingfor a smallgroupof friends
playinga teamgame(e.9.footbalt)
organising
a groupof children
b Workin pairsand telleachotheraboutthe
differentsidesof your personalityin different
situations.
I think l'm generallyon outgoingpersonin social
situotionslike a party. I like being the centreof
attentionand l'm quite witty some es! I con
be shy too, though, especiallyot work if I have to
speak in public or chair a meeting- I just clam up.
Listening
1
Discuss.
r
Matcheachphotoabove
withthe mostappropriate
feelingin the boxbelow.
Whatdo youthinkis
happening/has
happened
in eachcase?
completely
ecstatic
absolutelydevastated
totallysingle-minded
z Canyou remember
any
sportingmoments
that
you'vewatched(orbeen
involved
in)whensomeone
hasfelt in similarwavs?
2
o
a Lookat theunderlined
adjectives
in thetable.Whatis the
difference
in meaning
gradable
between
andnon-gradable
adjectives?
Gradable
adiectives
He is a
Listento part of a radio
programme
and answerthe
questions.
He is a
Whatproportionof
sportspeople
usesports
psychologists
to helpthem
withtheirmentaIattitude?
z Whatarethe main
purposes
ofthe Hakawar
danceusedby the New
ZealandAttBlacksrugby
team?
goal.
successas a racing driver
b Matchthe gradable
adjectives
in r-4 withthe correctnongradable
adjectives
a-d. Usea dictionary
if necessary.
r happy a) starving
z upset
b) ecstatic
3 hungry c) exhausted
zr tired
d) devastated
6
Listenagainand write one
sentence
summarising
the
speaker'smain pointsabout
eachof the following:
r self-belief
z negative
thoughts
3 persona[[ucky'routines'
4
goal.
successas o racing driver
Non-gradable
adjectives He misseda
r
I
He missedan
a Readthe rulesA andB.Thenlookat thesentences
anddecideif
oneor bothintensifiers
arecorrect.
t
2
3
Discuss.Do you (or does
anyoneyou know)havelucky
routines,superstitionsor
luckycharmsfor things like
sport,exams,specialevents,
travelling,etc.?
4
5
5
b
7
Wecanuse intensifiercvery reallyandextremelywith gradable
adjectives
to makethe meaningstronger.
Wecanuse intensifiersreally andabsolutelywith non-gradabte
adjectives
to makethe meaningstronger.
KellyHolmesmust be really/absolutely
ecstaticabout her success.
A(n)extremelyfoery
big sportscentrenearherehasjust opened.
ff you want to get to the top in athletics,its really/extremelyvitalto
get yourselfa professional
trainer.
plays
Wheneverhe
football,he comesbackreally/absolutely
filthy.
Shewasabsolutely/extremely
exhaustedat the end of the race.
I loverunning.l'd be reallyfuery
devastated
if I hadto giveit up.
Listenand checkyour answers.
Thinkof a truestoryaboutyouthat relatesto oneof the phrases
in
the boxin Ex.r. Tel[yourpartnerwhathappened.
I couldn'tbelieveit whenI wonthep
for bestactor.I was
co letelyecstatic!
speech
ar I reported
Gra
I
Listenand completethe sentencesand questions.
a
Directspeech
1 to be the lastplayerontothe pitch.
raceeasily.
2 _the
to train
3 different.
it by thinkingaboutsomething
4 -do
so negative?
5 Why
6 -help-?
b Comparethe reportedspeechin the Activegrammarbox with
the directspeechabove.Findexamplesofthe changesr-6 and
write them in the box.
Active grammar
Reportedspeech
Andy Colesoid (that) he
pitch.
Shesaid (that) she
He told me (that) he
I told him (thot) he
rent.
lasked him why he
She askedme if I
to be the lastplayer onto the
the raceeasily.
to train that day.
do it by thinking about something
so negative.
help her the following day.
r Tensechanges,
e.g.go-r went:
e.g.con+ could:
z Modalverbchanges,
e.g.I + he:
f Subiectpronounchanges,
hit
e.g.me + him:
4 Objectpronounchanges,
+
e.g.now theni
th
changes,
5 Timereference
+ theYweregoingz
qo
thevgoing
6 Wordorderchanges,e.g.werethey
Rules
A Wecanusethot afterbothsoyandfell,butit isn'tnecessary.
B Wedon'tuseanobjectaftersay.
C Wemustuseanobjectaftertell.
Wh-questions.
D Weusea guestion
wordwhenreporting
E Weuseif whenreportingYes/tloquestions.
thetenseor
F Wesometimes
ignoretherulethatchanges
is stilltrue,
if thesituation
modalverbback.Thiscanhappen
or for dramatic
effectwhentellinga story.
see R
rencepage fi5.
Readthe rulesA-F in the box and decideifthese sentencesare
corrector not. Correctthe oneswhich are wrong.
aboutthe result.
r Hesaidthat he wastotallydevastated
z Shetold me that shecouldn'tcometo trainingthis evening.
r Hetotd me he'strainingthreetimesa weekat the moment.
the previousJanuary.
4 Shesaidhim shehadtakenup basketball
5 | totdthemI wasgoing
to be lateandthat they
shouldstartwithoutme.
6 | askedhershewantedto
comeroundandwatchthe
tennis.
7 Heaskedmewhy I wentto
a sportspsychologist.
8 Shetold meshewants
to moveawayfromsport
andfurtherhercareer
now.
elsewhere
1O a Checkyouunderstand
the meaningsof the verbsin
botd in the sentencesbelow.
Nobodyneededto remind him
to focus on the goal.
Sheadm d feeling totally
out of control.
He exploined that he wanted
to competein the O pics.
I promise to go swimmingat
leost three times a week.
I suggestedtalking to o sports
psychologist.
Theydecidedto buy tickets
for the football match.
My trainer wornedme thot the
training would be very hard.
b Writetheverbsin bold
fromEx.roa in the correct
placein thetable.
VERBS CONSTRUCTIONS
saY'
verb+ (fhot)
tell,
verb+obiect+(fhaf)
osk,
verb+ object+ infinitive
verb+ infinitive
verb+ gerund
1 1 Reportthesestatements
startingwiththewords
given.
r 'l brokethewindowyesterday
whenI kickeda
ballthrough
it bymistake.'
Headmitted
...
'Whydon'twe try
the new ltalianrestaurant
go
whenwe out on Friday?'
Hesuggested
...
'l thinkI'lIstayin
tonightbecause
I'm
completely
exhausted.'
Shedecided
...
'l'm goingto
buy my girlfriendsomeflowersas
a wayof sayingsorry.'
Hetold ...
'Areyou going
to bookticketsfor the cinemaor
areyougoingto iustturnup?'
Sheasked...
'You
6
reallymustn'tbe latefor yourinterview
thisafternoon.'
Shewarned...
'Please
atlbringyourhomework
to me by 9.oo
7
on Mondaymorning.'
Theteacherreminded
...
'l'U
payyou backaltthe moneyI oweyouby
8
tomorrow.'
Hepromised...
Person to person
1P ChooseA or B belowand fotlowthe instructions.
A
r Writenotesaboutthreethingsthat you'veseen
or heardin the newsin the [astweek.Make
notesaboutwhenandwhereyousawor heard
eachstoryanddetailsof eachstory.
TVnews/lesterdoy/nterestrotes up by one
percent...
z Thentellyourpartnerdetailsof the news
storiesyou'veseenor heard.
'Onthe newsyesterday,
theysaid that interest
going
go
roteswere
to
up by onepercent...'
B
t
Writenotesaboutthreethingsthat three
differentpeoplehavesaidto you in the last
twenty-four
hours.Makenotesaboutthetime,
person
the
andhis/heractualwords.
to.jo this morning/MariannelWhy
don't wego
out for lunchtodoy?'
Thentellyourpartnerwhatthethreepeople
said,givingdetails.
'At to.3o this morning,Marianne
suggested
going out for lunchtoday.'
eaking
1 3 *. Lookat thephotos.Discuss
whatyouthink
is happening
in eachone.
fo Thinkaboutsomeone
whohashelpedyou
to succeed
in something.
Makenotesusingthe
questions
belowto hetpyou.
r Whatwereyoutryingto do?Andwhen?
z Whohelped
you?
suggest
hetped?
thatreally
3 Whatdidhe/she
4 Whatdidyoulearnfromthisperson?
5 Howdidyoufeelwhenyousucceeded?
! 4 eaTetlotherstudents
aboutthe person
who
helpedyousucceed.
Makeshortnotesabout
otherstudents'
experiences.
E* Reportbackto thectassaboutthemost
interesting
storyyouheardabout.
Lifelong
learning
Successful
language learning
A successfuI
language
learneris generalty
someone
who:
. is willingto makemistakes
. wantsto gethis/hermessage
across
r findsas manyopportunities
to practise
as
possibte
o doesn'tworryaboutwordshe/shedoesn't
understand
r Whichof thecharacteristics
aboveapplyto
you?
z Doyouknowanyone
whois a verysuccessful
language
learner?
Whatkindof person
is he/
she?
Reading
1
Lookat the photo.Discuss.
r At whatageshould
children
learnhowto use
computers?
z Howdoyoufeelabout
howmuchchildren
use
computers
in yourcountry?
2
Readthe article.Whatdoes
Dr Rydethinktheadvantage
of sending
chitdren
to his
schootis?
pupilsfile
r
vsry week,a group of British
turn on
l- into classto start their lessons'
followtheir
andobediently
computers
L,f'"',
Foran hour'theyaretaught
instructions'
teacher's
keyboardskills'and reading
5 mousetechniques,
(D)----.
these
However'
andwriting,usingthe computer'
the day' the
'
($ rs Whereastoddlersare tutoredduring
hardlyoutof nappies'
aretoddlers,
untilas
'lt's never
olderchildrenattendeitherin the evenings
that
idea
the
take
they
College
At Ryde
thereis an issue
lateas9p'm' or at weekends'So'
the
indeed'
seriously
too young to start'very
andclimbtrees
.Since
aboutwhenthey getto runaround
a thousand
than
more
1982,
in
opened
,o college
' Last year parents
like their friends. (E) ---earlier
an
at
results
exam
pupiis have achieved
whose son' Krishnan'
+o Teeta and KaushikRadia'
age.
get a GCSEin
than usual
becamethe youngestchildeverto
RonaldRyde' a
agedjust six'complained
lnformationTechnology,
The collegewas founded by Dr
childreninto
aged seventy'
that Ryde Collegepushedyoung
former university lecturer' now
sittingexamsfor the PublicitY'
rs (B)--.Wordspreadaroundtheneighbourhood
centre
special
a
to
move
'l
to
that
and Dr Rydesoon had
remainsunrepentant' would argue
Ryde
+s
Dr
the
To
services'
his
for
demand
the
of
with
All
'
(F)
to cope
it'sa crimeto holdchildrenback'
in for
seven-year-olds
puts
man who happily
not publicity''
us herearecommittedto education'
were
classes
Toddlers'
tor
the'Technology
GCSEs,
a hothousefor
Dr Ryde seeshis collegenot as
the
from
Aside
'
(C)
zo the next logicalstep'
- he claimsthereisno greatsecretto their
brilliance
to get
encouraged
also
are
parents
lessons,
traditional
actual
otherthan smallclasssizesand
50 success
home'
at
skills
new
their
the childrento practise
a way to make
schoolingmethods but ratheras
kids
whiz
statesecondary
up for the time wastedin normal
The parentsof theseyoung computer
head
a
'All
in secondary
years
children
their
first
schools' too often the
haveno qualmsaboutgiving
Piers'
hisson'
them getting all
are lost yearsand teacherswaste
zs start.KevinMills,forty-four'enrolled
birthday'after
level''
ayear ago, just before his second
ss the childrenup to the same
with a computer
he showedan interestin playing
at home.
3
a Eachofthe sentences
r-6 comesfromthe article.Readthe
articleagainand decidewhereeachone shouldgo.
r 'Shecancountup to thirty,hasan excellent
vocabulary
andhas
gainedso muchconfidence
throughherclasses.'
z Introduced
lastyear,theyareaimedat givingthe eighteen-month
pupilsa headstartin writing,reading
to three-year-old
and
communication
usingthe computer.
of whythesechildren
needto take
3 Thereis alsothe question
additionat
exams,
especially
at sucha youngage.
in
4 Nextterm,theywill moveup a classto begininstruction
computer
science,
months
after
have
they
celebrated
their
lust
fourthbirthdays.
is theirabilityto learn.
5 Theonlythingwe areexploiting
5 Hestartedofferinghomeclassesafterhe hetpedhis son,Mike
to passa computer
GCSE
at the ageof fourteen,
ratherthanthe
normaIsixteen.
7
know say believe
walk change have
l'mverybusyat the moment.
l_
anytimeto go to
gym.
the
Areyou ok?You
a
wordduringdinner.
Doesn'tTomlookamazing?
He's
at all sincewe
wereat schoo[.
I don'tunderstand
whythat
womanfromthe officewas
so friendly.l_
her.
Herlegis hurtinghera lot.
Shesaysshecan
at
the moment.
6 | wasshockedwhenshe
told me he hadleft.I could
it.
b Readthe text againthroughfrom beginningto end,to check
your answers.
4
Findthesewordsin the article.Writea shortdefinitionfor each
one.To helpyou a) decideif they are nouns,verbsor adjectives,
b)
look at them in the contextof the wordsbeforeand afterthem.
file (l.t) - verb: to walk in line
r nappies(t.7)
z former(1.r4)
3 spread(1.r5)
+ cope(l.rZ)
5
Gra
6
5 quatms(t.24)
6 headstart(t.24)
z mood(t.lr)
e hothouse(t.+8)
8
Discuss.
Whatarethe advantages
and disadvantages
of pushing
chitdrento studyintensivety
andtake examsearly?
I canhardtyhearyou.Could
youspeakup,please?
z Sheneedsto studyhard
if sheis goingto passher
exam.
3 He'seatenanythinghardly
attday.
4 Wetriedveryhardto finish
the reportbut therewasn't
enoughtime.
HardlyanybodyI knowis
goingto Sarah'sparty.
We'vegot hardanymilk left.
a Lookat examples
r-3 intheboxanddecide
if thewordsin bold
areadjectives
or adverbs.
Active g'rammar
z Thechil n are encouragedto work hard for their exams.
out of noppies.
3 Thepupils in the collegeare ho
4 l'm very tired this morning.I hardly slept last night.
5 I havehardlyony money.I mustgo to the bank.
6 She hardly evercomesto visit us.Just onceor twice a year.
b Lookat examples4-6 in the box . Explainthe meaningof each
one in otherwords (not usinghardly).
see Referencepage fi5
Decideif eachof the
sentences
is correct.lf not,
correctit.
r
off | hard andhardly
Hardlymeansalmostnot or verytittle.lt is oftenusedwith
any(thing/one/where,
etc.)and ever.lt is not usedwith negative
words(@.
Complete
eachof these
sentences
with hardlyand
a verbfromthe boxin the
correctform.
Person to person
I
Complete
the sentences
so
they are true for you. Compare
youranswersin pairs.
r
ThelasttimeI studied
h a r d. . .
z At school/work,
I hardty
ever...
I'vehardlybeento
3 Recently,
any...
iting
eaking
1O Readthe questionsbelowand makea noteof youranswers.
r
z
3
4
5
6
1l
to do
thingsthat helpchildren
Whatarethe threemostimportant
we[[at school?
at
Whichthreesubjects
spendmosttimestudying
shouldchildren
schoo[?
Whatarethe mostimportantqualitiesof a goodteacher?
Whatarethe threemostimportantthingsthat hetppeopteto do
wellat work?
Whichthreethingsshouldpeopleget mosttrainingin for work?
Whatarethe mostimportantqualitiesof a goodmanager?
a Lookat the Howto box.Addonemorewayof givingopinions
andonemorewayof iustifying
opinions.
Give your opinion
Giveyouropinion
i I believesmallclosssizesarecrucial...
i #:zii;i'!,'oi:::':*
most
maths
isthe
youropinion ... becausetheteachercanspendmoretime
Justifu
with eachchild.
... for severalreasons;firstly,you needmoths
for lots of thingsin everydaylife ...
thenchildrenwill
lf a teacheris approachable,
feelobleto askquestions.
b Askotherstudents
in Ex.ro and
the questions
notetheirresponses.
usethe How
Whenanswering,
you.
to boxto help
c Makenotesof the mainfindingsof yoursurvey.
^nnnf
J J J d d
7 a gooAleacher
I
s-all classes
^oAern lechnologY
7 f\aths
English
I.T.
caring
knowleAgeable
keePconlrol
1
1 {eeling aPPrecialeA
gooAenvironmenf
goodsalarY
5
("
F
12 tookat thereportin the
Writingbankon page164
anddo theexercises.
18 Discuss
withotherstudents
in
whichwordsor phrases
thereportmightbe usefulin
othersimilarreports.
14 Writea reporton oneof the
topicsin Ex.ro intzo-t4o
words.Divideit intoseparate
paragraphs.
Phrasal
verhswith threeparts
Matchthephrasalverbs
in italics
withthe
correctmeanings
a-j below.
r We'11
nevercotchup withthem.They're
toofar
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ro
A
r
ahead.
Theystolefrm andgot awaywith it.
Don'twalkso fast!| can'tkeepup with you.
They'reputtingherin for herGrade8 piano
examthis year.
Haveyoucomeup with anynewideasfor the
advertising
campaign?
l'd tikeus to cuf downon the amountof TVwe
watch.
l'vealwayslookedup to my grandmother.
She'san amazing
person.
l'm lookingforwardfo seeingmy sister'snew
babyat theweekend.
Howdo you put up with the noiseof the traffic
outsideyourbedroom
window?
Wewantto makeup for a[[the time she
wastedin herfirstyearat secondary
school.
z
3
4
5
6
Youneedto
howmuchsaltvouhavein
yourfood.
lf noneof us saysanythingto the police,we'll
probably
it.
_
We'rereally_
movingbackto New
Zealand.
lt'tlbe especially
greatto seeall our
friends.
| can't
hisconstant
criticism
anymore.
I'vedecidedto moveout.
Theincrease
in salaries
isn't_
the risein
the costof living.People's
disposable
incomeis
gettinglessand less.
She's
a transferto the Londonofficeto
be nearerherparents.
7 | thinkI've_
problem.
a rathergoodsolutionto our
8 Thedelicious
foodmorethan
the slow
service.
her.She'san amazing
9 Atlherstudents
teacher.
ro I hadto runto
you.Youwalkincredibly
fast!
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
to thinkof, suggest
to thinkyouwill enjoy
to moveat the samesoeed
to formally
apptyto do something
to tolerate
to reduce
to respect,admire
h) to reachthe sameplace
i) to compensate
for
j) to escapepunishment
a Complete
the sentences
with one of the
phrasalverbsfrom Ex.r in the correctform.
fu
Listenand checkyouranswers.
* Listenagainand decidewhichpart of each
phrasalverbis stressed.
*
e-aWhichof the followingsentencesare correct?
r Youwon'tcatchup withthem.
z Youwon'tcatchuo themwith.
3 Youwon'tcatchthemup with.
4 I'm lookingmy holidayforurard
to.
I'm
looking
foruardmy holidayto.
5
6 I'mlookingfonrrard
to my holiday.
b Whatdoesthis telt you aboutthe grammarof
this kind of phrasalverb?
4
Discuss.
r
z
3
4
5
ls thereanything
youarereallylookingforward
to doingoverthe nextfewweeks?lf so,what?
ls thereanything
youaretryingto cutdownon
at the moment?
lf so,whatandwhy?
Arethereanythingsin everyday
lifethat you
finddifficutt
to put up with,e.g.mobilephones?
lf so,what?
ls thereanyonethatyoureallylookup to?lf so,
whoandwhy?
Arethereanykindsof crimethatyouthinkare
easyto getawaywith?lf so,whichandwhy?
Discuss.
I,j
r Whatcanyouseein the pictureabove?
z Howoftendo youlistento the radio?
do
kindsof radioprogrammes
3 Whatdifferent
Voul<now?
3.
*.
Listento the extractsfrom a radio
phone-in.
Whatis the reasonfor eachperson's
ca[[?
-fu
Listenagainand decidewhat adviceyou
wouldgiveeachcallerand why.
Discuss.
Doyouever[istento thisl<indof radio
programme?
Why/Whynot?
z Who/Where
do you usuallygo to for advice
a b o u tp r o b l e m s ?
r
4
*
. e c i d eo n s o m e
= Worl<
i n A / B g r o u p sD
p
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
interesting
f o r a r a d i op h o n e - i n .
tz ln AIB pairs,tal<eit in turnsto roleplay
p h o n i n ga r a d i op h o n e - i n
p r o g r a m maen d
for advice.
asl<ing
R
It's ti e ...
Form/f's time+ subject+ pasttense
Meaning'lt's
timeI didsomething'
is usedto mean
'l shouldhavedone
something
already
or at least
It's
I'd
e you did your homework.
ther
Formsubject+ wouldrather+ object+ pasttense
(+ than...)
Meaning'l'd
ratheryoudid/didn'tdo something'
is
usedto talkaboutwhatyou'dprefersomeone
else
to do.
I'd ratheryou n' t smokein here.
Formsubject+ wouldrather+ infinitive(+ than...)
Meaning'l'd
ratherdoinotdo something'
is usedto
talkaboutwhatyou'dpreferto do.
l'd rathernotspendall daylyingon thebeach.
I'd better ...
Formsubiect+ hadbetter+ infinitive
Meaning'l'd
betterdo/notdo something'
is usedto
talkaboutsomething
whenit is advisable
to do it (in
the present
or future).
l'd bettermendthat dowassoonasI can.
R
orted speech
Use'reported'or'indirect'speech
to tell people
what somebodysaidor thought.
Makethe tenseof the verb one 'step'further back
into the past.
' I wont go
to
out.' + Shesaid (that)she wantedto go
out.
Modalverbsalsochange.
'Con you
help me paint the kitchen?'+ Sheaskedme
if I couldhelp herpaint the kitchen.
Subjectand objectpronounschange.
' I will giveit you
to
soon.'- Hesaidhe wouldgiveit
to me soon.
References
to particular
timeschange,e.g.
'The bookswill
be deliveredtomorrow.'- Shesaid
the bookswouldbe deliveredthe next day.
Wordorderchanges,
e.g.
'
at areyou doing at the weekend.'- He askedme
what we weredoing at the weekend.
Useif (or whether)when reportingYes/No
questions,
e.g.
'Did you e y
the film?' + He askedme if I hod
enjoyedthe film.
orting verbs
Sayandexplainarefollowedby verb+ (that).
Iell is followedby verb+ object+ (that).
Hetold us weneededto showiden ation.
Ask,remindandwarnarefollowedby verb+ object
+ infinitive.
Weremindedhimto post theletter.
Promiseanddecidearefollowedby verb+ infinitive,
e.g.
Wedecidedto stayat homeandwatchTV.
Admitandsuggestarefollowedby verb+ gerund.
Headmittedlikinghera lot.
Hordas an adjective
meansfirmanddifficuttto cut
or break.
Themattressis quitehard.
Theseplumsaretoo hardto eat.
Hardas an adverbmeansusinga lot of effortor
force,e.g.
9he'sbeenworkinghardoll day.
Hardlyis an adverbwhichmean
s almostnot or very
little.
I hardlyknowthepeoplein my closs.
Hardlyis oftenusedwith ony(thing/onefivhere,
etc.)
andever.
Wehardlyevergo outin theeventng.
Key vocabulary
Success
best-sellersucceedgo r.0€r havea go
h a v eh a dt h e i rd a v g i v e- o b eu pt o s c r a t c h
Person
aIity
p r o a c t i v en e a d s t i ' o nogp i n i o n a t e m
d anipulative
selfish single.minded
open easy-goingwitty
outgoingto bethecentre
of attention
to bea partyanimal to bea complete
doormat
to be realtyhighmaintenanceto be down-to-earth
Adjectives/
|ntensifi
ers
- vital big- huge
happy- ecstaticimportant
- starving
upset- devastatedhungry
tired- exhaustedvery really extremely
absolutely
Phrasalverbswith threeparts
catchup with getawaywith keepup with
putin for comeupwith cutdownon lookupto
lookforwardto putup with makeup for
and
Findthe mistakesin six of the sentences
correctthem.
. :,, : ,' : t,l,: ,::::i,!:{;!;t:i!{: l;t,;ey:!;*l ,:l::tyt; L;e!*;'t:
,.- | ;.
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
IE
Completeeachof the followinggaps with hard
or hardly.
r
"-' ;iii,a
I d betterwentto the shopsbeforetheyclose.
to your
HadyouratherI didn'tsayanything
boss?
lsn'tit timeyoutold himhowyoureallyfeel?
I'drathernot workingthisweekendif at atl
possible.
Woutdyou bettertakea raincoatin caseit
rains?
I'dratheryoupaidme backin cashthanby
cheoueif that'sOK.
What'sthatsmel[?| thinkit'stimeyougetthe
cakeout ofthe oven.
on the plane
I'drathertookiusthandluggage
thana largesuitcase.
usingthe past.
Complete
the sentences
,
iri-.,' lii?r iiiirJ li'iI
weekend.
r Tony/ask/l
tike/ptay/tennis/this
z They/tett/best
timeivisitEgypt/be/in
January
or February.
time/firework
know/what
3 Helen/say/not
disptay/start.
London
4 Heask/mewhen/lwant/go/see/the
Eye.
My
boss/tett/t
haveto/make/presentation/at
5
March.
salesconference/in
6 Thenewspaper/say/one/ourathtetes/fait/
drugstest.
Choosethe correctalternativein eachcase.
1
- . . : r
- . ; - , _
Shepromise
d to do/doingatther homework
beforeshewentout to seeherfriend.
Canyou explainmeftome exactlyhowthis DVD
recorder
works?
Theydecidedto sell/selling
theirhouseand
moveto the country.
My doctorsuggestedtaking/tofake a weekoff
WOTK.
Theywarnedusfrous that the weather
conditions
wouldmakewalkingin the
quitedangerous.
mountains
Wittyouremindme to go/goingto the post
officethis afternoon?
Headmittedbeingfuewrongaboutthe timeof
thetrain.
on my maths
I'mgoingto workreally
fromnowuntilthe endof term.
We_
haveanytimeto seefriendsat the
moment.Lifeis justtoo busy!
I could
believe
it whenshesaidthey
weregoingto getmarried!
It wiltbe a long,
climbto thetop of that
hiil.
anyonecameto openingnightof the
restaurant.
lt wasverydisappointing.
lf youlook
, youcanjustseeMichael
on the othersideofthe caroark.
Unjumbleeachof the wordsin ifalrcsin the
sentences
betow.
Shelovesbeingthe centreof nnaoiettt.She
wantseveryone
to betatkingabouther.
Hereatlythinksthat
z He'sterriblydoopitninae.
hisownopinions
arethe onlyoneswhichare
worthlistening
tol
got
in
herfinalschoolexams.She's
Tara
allAs
3
absolutetyccttiaset.
himto go
in persuading
Shefinattyducdecees
to the oolice.
We'rereallylookingrrwfdoato visitingmy
brotherin Australia.lt'll be the firsttimewe've
beenout there.
My brother'sverygoginuto.Hereallyenjoys
beingwithfriendsandmeetingnewpeople.
He'sspenta lot of moneygettinghisnewcar
up to hctsocrbeforethe big race.
I told her not to takeherdrivingtest yet but
and insistedon doing
she'sverynarthesdog
whatshewanted.
r
.:'.'?'+ t
-&
';;;'"- 4g$*
#.,-.1,j.:..l:l
H o wa r et h e p h o t o sc o n n e c t et d
o t h et o p i co f , c r i m e ' ?
T h i n ko f w o r d sa n de x p r e s s i o cn os n n e c t ewdi t hc r i m ea n dt h e
l a w .W r i t et h e mi n t h e a p p r o p r i a tceo t u m n s .
LAWCOURT CRIME
CRIMINAL EVIDENCE
PUNISHMENT
a ludge
thief
communtty
servtce
rabbery
fingerprints
Explain
thesenewspaper
headlines.
Usea dictionary
if necessary.
,
Local MP stoppedfor speeding
Gybercrime up by 50%..
Overcrowdedprisons slammedin new report
Chaos in fraud case after witness intimidation .
Suspendedsentencefor teacherin road rage incident
'
Keen cop gives out record number of finesl
Doyouthinkcrimeis increasing
or decreasing
whereyou[ive?Are
thereanyparticular
typesof crimewhicharea speciat
probtem
in
yourarea?
sequencing
devices,
e.g.After+ -ing
tell a funnystory
Vocabulary
I tawandinsurance
definitions
a-i.
r-ro to theappropriate
Matchthewords/phrases
1 tnsurance
to file (a ctaim)
5 to sue (someone)
5 to guarantee
to convict
(someone
of)
to sentence
(someone
to)
2
decidein a courtof lawthat
officiatty
is guittyof a crime.
someone
b) an amountof moneythatyoupayfor
insurance
moneyandthey
whenyou paya company
paythe costsif youarei[[,havea car
etc.
accident.
to someone
who is
d) givea legalpunishment
guittyof a crime
makingsomething
e) the crimeof deliberately
a buitding
burn,especiatty
f) starta legaIprocessto get moneyfrom
who hasharmedvou in somewav
someone
g) makean officialstatement
that you aregoing
in a court
especially
to do something,
wit[happenor be
thatsomething
h) promise
oone
peopteto getmoney
deceives
i) whensomeone
asksa highercourtto change
whensomeone
of a lowercourt
the decision
from Ex.r in
with the words/phrases
a Complete
the sentences
the correctform.
r Sheplansto
the hospitalaftertheygaveherthewrong
operation.
z Baileywasto threeyearsin prisonfor hispartin the
robbery.
. We
3 Welostthe casethistimebutthere'sgoingto be an wi[[nevergiveup.
hasgoneup again.
4 I'mafraidthatthe costofthe annualTheysayit'sbecause
of the numberof claimslastyear.
but tuckityhe doesn't
hasbeen
of shoptifting
5 My neighbour
haveto go to prison.
plancoverthingsthatarestolenfrommewhile
6 Doesthis_
I'mon holiday?
lt's
beforeChristmas?
that thisTVwitt be detivered
7 Canyouveryimportant.
Theythinkit was
8 Theydon'tthinkthe firewasan accident.
for divorce.He'sveryupsetaboutit.
9 Ted'swife has
I
he
..Apparentlv,
..Apparently,
ro He'sbeenarrested
chareedwitharrestedandcharged
pretended
paintinghadbeenstolento getthe
thatan expensive
insurance
money.
b
Listenandcheckvouranswers.
I
Discuss.
r
buys
lmagine
someone
a coffeein a fast food
restaurant.
Theythen
spiltthe hot coffeeon
themselves
andare
burned.Shouldtheysue
the fastfoodcompany?
z Whatdifferent
thingsdo
peopleinsure?
Haveyou
everheardaboutanvone
insuring
something
strange?
3 Doyou knowanyfamous
casesof fraud?lf so,what
happened?
Listening
Gra
4
7
a, Youaregoingto listento a storyabout
a crimeinvolving
youlisten,
cigars.
Before
suggestwhatthe storymightbe usingas many
of thewordsin Ex.r as possible.
&f I sequencing
devices
a Lookat theexamptes
in theActivegrammar
box.Then,complete
thestructures
A andB by
writingthecorrect
partof speech
for eachone.
b
Listento thestoryandcompare
your
ideas.
Active grammar
Havingcashedthe cheque,the Ia
arrested.
After cashingthe cheque,the la
a
ted.
seeR
r wos
r wos
rencepageeg
b Whichclause
comesfirstin theorderof
events?
5
6
Listenagain.Putthesesentences
in the order
in whichthey happenin the story.
r Thelawyeris arrested.
z Theinsurance
company
refuses
to pay.
the insurance
3 Hemakesa claimagainst
company.
to jail.
4 Thelawyeris sentenced
5 Hesmokesthe cigars.
6 Theinsurance
paysthe lawyer.
company
He
insures
the
cigars
against
fire.
7
8 Thelawyersuesthe insurance
company.
A
lawyer
buyssomerarecigars.
9
a Listento the storyagain.Whichof the
followingexpressions
do you hear?
r G oo n . . .
z Thewayit goesis that ...
3 Fancythat.
+ Fairenough.
5 Whaton earthfor?
5 Pultthe otherone.
7 You'rekidding!
8 Crossmy heart.
b Findthe expressions
in the tapescripton
paget74. Discussin groupswhat you think
eachexpression
means.
8
Complete
thesentences
bywritingthecorrect
formof a verbfromthe box.
stay read promise do go win
r
z
3
4
s
6
I
After
to the banka numberof times,
the robbers
feltthevunderstood
atlthe
securitysystems.
Having
to pickhisfriendup fromthe
policestation,Terrycompletely
forgot.
After
extremely
well in his firstyear
exams,
we wereverysurprised
whenhe said
he wantedto stopstudying[aw.
Having
someexcellent
reviewsof the
new P.D.Jamesmurdermystery,
I wantedto
geta copyto takeon holidaywithme.
Havingsuccessfully
hercaseagainst
herold employer
for wrongfuI
dismissal,
she
decided
to go out andcelebrate.
After
at the officeuntilmidnightto
prepare
herreportfor thejudge,shedecided
to giveherselfthe nextdayoff.
a Thinkaboutthreethingsthat happenedto
you lastweekand whatyou did aftereachone.
b Tetlanotherstudentthe firstthing and see
if they canguesswhatyou did next.Then,tell
them if they wererightor not.
A: After doing my Englishhomework...
B; ... lou watcheda film on TV?
A: No.I collapsedon the sofa and fell asleep!
,%g*e:*e,kiaag_a
m:a# read ixagry
forStoryr below.
Aslookat thepictures
1# Workin pairs.Student
pager5r.The
pictures
2
on
for
Story
Bslookat the
Student
pictures
makea story.Withanotherstudent,workoutthe story.
yourideasby reading
thestory.
? €" Check
(Storyr is on page149,Storyz is below).
a vast
An ambitiousburglarbrokeinto
BelAir' Los
at
rnunrionon millionaires'row
ho,":,1:1T
Angeles.He went throughth,"
?]t
tl,': n"
value
of
roo"m,puttinganything
:::
he'd.brolgnt
seeand carryin the largebag
,
histrag'ne
filled
completely
Having
him.
with
decidedit wastime to leave'
sureof the
He startedto realisethat he wasn't
a^larBe
movedon quickly'throu,Eh
*"V
""iUr,
andthrougn
dining-room,pastan tndoorgym
By.
parrots'
room'filledwith exotic
having
Then',
"""rn?t
no* n" was beginningto panic'
a smallroom
run througha largelibraryand
desperate'
full of art,he beganto getquite
to what
He ran up a smallcircularstaircase
knocked
He
seemedto be a largebedroom'
ownersof the
on the door andwent in' The
but satup
househad beenasleepin bed
burgtar
in frightonly to find a traumatised
mazeof
th.e
of
a"rp3r",u to find his way out
directions'
t""tt. Aftergivinghim detailed
arrivedminutes
thevphon"dIh" polit"' who
the relievedburglarto the
i;;:;;
"t.orted
safetYof a nearbYPolicestation'
3 * "'*.Prepare
to tell anotherstudentyourstory
in the Howto box.
usingtheexpressions
tell a funny story
Checkyou remember". A lowyerboughtsome
alltheimportant
information.
. He insured them against
, ltre.
Checkyou know the ", cigar,to insure
key vocabulary
thestory
Introduce
Didyouheorthestory
oboutthemonwhostole
a parrot?
Haveyouheardtheone
abouttherobberwhofell
asleep?
Keepthe funny part
... and so canyou believe
veryend.
untitthe
i
,:i!:ri;:;r;:::;r:,f
i iail anda $z4,ooofine.
your
B: InA/B pairs,showyourpartner
pictures
andtell himor herthestory.lnclude
and
Having+ pastparticiple
the structures
asappropriate.
After+ presentparticiple
past modalsof deductionmust/might/can't have done
speculateabout pastevents
1
Lookat thepictures.
Whatdo youthinkthe
personis doing?
2
Listento the conversation.
Whatdo the
peoplesayis happening
in the photos?
I
Readtheexamples
r-3 below,thencomplete
the rulesA-C.
Active grammar
He must havefixed up some kind of
securitycamera.
2 He might have done it before.
3 He can't haverealisedhe wasbeina
caughton cemero.
a
Use__
+ pastparticipleto
saythat you thinksomethingis possible
in the past.
Use__
+ pastparticipleto
saythatyouthinksomething
is not
possiblein the past.
Use_
+ pastparticipleto
saythat you arecertainaboutsomething
in the past.
a Complete
the sentences
usingmustlmightl
can't haveandan appropriate
verbfromthe
box.
r
z
see Referencepoge eg
3
4
Choosethe correctalternativein eachsentence.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
Theymustlfnight/can'f
havegot into the house
througha window.Theywereall locked.
Hemust/might/can't
havetold my parentsthat
I wascaughtshoplifting
but I hopehe didn't.
Theiudgemust/might/con't
havelikedyou. lt's
unusual
to onlygeta suspended
sentence
in
this kindof case.
Theymust/might/can'f
havesackedhim
becausehe was[azy.Hewasoneof the
hardest
workingpeoplein the company!
Don'tbe negative.Shemust/might/can't
have
passedher Englishtest.Wewi[[onlyknow
whenwe getthe results.
Shemust/might/can'f
haveleft veryquietly.I
didn'thearhergo.
Shemust/might/con'thave
hada badmeeting
with the MarketingDirector.
She'sbeenin a
terriblemoodeversince.
Hemust/might/can't
havearrivedyet because
he promised
to phoneus the minutethe plane
landed.
4
5
6
z
8
Wedon'tknowwho took the money.There
werelotsof peoplein the officeduringthe day
andit _
anyof them.
I wonderwhyPetedidn'tturnup to do his
community
service.
He_
aboutit. I
remindedhimyesterday.
I'mnotsurewhereJois.She _
round
to Sa[[y's.
They'reworkingon a schoolproject
together.
Howdid you knowaboutthe surpriseparty?
you!
Someone
_
You
all yourbirthdaymoneyalready.
Yougot nearlyfroo!
|_
my keysat home.I remember
feeling
themin my jacketpocketwhenI got on the
bus.
She
yet.Sheonly
herhomework
startedit at 9 o'clock.
I'velostoneof my gloves.| _
it on the
wayto work.
b
Listenand checkyour answers.Pay
attentionto the pronunciation
of mustlmightl
can' t have. How is have pronouncedeachtime?
6
Listento the extractfrom a radionews
programme.
Howdid the policefind the photos
from Ex.r?
Vocabulary
I compound
adjectives
Combine
A belowwitha word
a wordfromcolumn
fromcolumnB to makecompound
adjectives.
Check
in a dictionary
if necessary.
t single-minded
A
r single2 oner middle4 left5 home6 last7 paft8 so9 timero brand-
8
B
a) minute
b) aged
c) time
d) called
e) minded
f) made
g) new
h) consuming
i) way
j) handed
with the compound
a Completethe sentences
adjectivesfrom Ex.7.
Apparently,
andTV
shesaidthatthe computer
that werestolenwere
whenin factthey
wereseveraIyearsold.
z Theyarrested
manfor joy-riding
last
a_
joy-riders
night.lt'ssurprising
because
are
usuallvin theirteens.
In hisinterview
for insoector
he cameacrossas
very_
whichis exactlywhatwe want.We
needsomeone
whowil[getthingsdone.
just
Hesaidhe
wanteda _ticket
to
Alicante
whichis whatmademea little
suspicious.
I'mdoingsomevoluntary
workwithyoung
offenders.
I reallvtikeit but it's ouite
It'stakingup mostof my weekends
at the
moment.
It wasa
decision
to go to Parisbut I'm
reattygladwe did.Afterall the hassteof the
courtcasewe neededa break.
Thefactthatthe thiefwas
wasa vital
cluethat hetpedthe policecatchhim.They
foundsomespecially
designed
scissors
in his
ftat.
The_
expertfor the defencewasvery
vaguein hisanswers.
I'mnotsureit wasreally
hisspeciatist
area.
I'mstartingworkas a _community
policeofficerin January.
lt's Mondayand Friday
mornings
whichis perfectfor me.
Youmusttry a pieceof this
chocolate
cake.Oneof the prisoners
madeit in the
cookery
class.
I
Discuss.
yourself
Doyouconsider
to be a single-minded
person?
Why/Whynot?
'middte-aged'do
youthink?
2 Whenis someone
particularly
your
What
things
in
life
are
time3
consuming?
Canyoudo anything
aboutthis?
Areyoua 'last-minute'
kindof person?
lf so,
givesomeexamples.
Haveyou everhada part-timejob?lf so,what
wasit? Didyou enioyit?
Doyouthinkhome-made
cookingis alwaysthe
best?
Reading
10 Workin pairs.Howmanydifferentwayscanyou
thinkof to steal$zoo.ooo?
11 Readthearticleandbrieflysummarise
how
D.B.Cooper
managed
to stea[$zoo,ooo.
r
t 2p.m. on 24th
November 1971.,
a middle-aged man
of average height, dressed
in a dark suit, white shirt,
dark glasses and a black
tie, handed a $20 note
to a clerk at the Portland
airoort. asked for a oneway ticket and then boarded Flight 305 for
Seattle. Identifying himself as Dan Cooper,
he carried only a briefcase.Just before takeoff, he handed the flight attendant a note.
Watching her put the note in her pocket, he
'Miss,
said quietly,
you'd better look at that
note. I have a bomb.'The messagedemanded
$200,000 and four parachutes - by 5p.m. To
remove any final doubts, Cooper opened his
briefcase and showed the flight attendant sticks
of dynamite, attached to wire and a battery.
As the plane circled over Seattle, the pilot,
'William
Rataczak, quickly learned he was
not dealing with an amateur. This man was
totally single-minded.With
the confidence of
an army commander, Cooper told Rataczak
that after the money and parachutes had
been delivered, he wanted him to
south from Seattle, fly no higher
head
than
10,000 Get and leave the rear door open.
t 2 Readthearticleagainand
answer
thesequestions.
r WhatdidD.B.Cooper
take
withhimontotheplane?
z Whatdidhewant?
Howdid Rataczak
realise
he wasnot dealingwithan
amateur?
At whattimedid the plane
takeoff for the second
time?
At whattimedid D.B.
jumpfromthe
Cooper
plane?
Whycouldn'tthe fighter
planesfoltowD.B.Cooper?
Whotookpartin the
officialsearchfor D.B.
Cooper?
Whatsinglecluedid they
get?
Whyhasthe caseof D.B.
Cooper
captured
the
popularimagination?
Whatdifferentthings
havebeendoneto
commemorate
whatD.B.
Cooper
did?
The planelandedin SeattleandbyTp.rn,
it had refuelled and the parachutesand
money were on board.The plane took
off again a Gw minutes after 7.30p.rn.
Then Cooper carefully collected all
his cigarette ends, made sure he had
all his handwritten notes and strapped
the money bag to his body using cords
he cut from one of the parachutes.
At 8.12p.m,'we felt a little bump and
the air pressure changed,' Rataczak
said.And that wasthe lastfix on D. B. Cooper.The Air Force had
sent up rwo F-106 fighter planesro chasethe Boeing 727 and
try to keep Cooper's parachute in sight but they were too fast
and had to keep making giant S-curvesin the sky.For the next
few weeks, hundreds of federal agents,helped by Army troops,
searchedaround the areaunder where Cooperjumped.A small
submarine also searchednearby Lake Merwin. But they found
nothing. In fact there was no concrete evidence of any kind
until February 1980 when an Oklahoma boy, having a picnic
with his family on the shoreof the Columbia River, cameacross
a waterloggedbag containing 294 rnouldy g20 notes.The serial
numbers matched those on the notes given to D.B. Cooper.
This find got the FBII attention. Helicopters flew over the area,
squadsof agents dug up the shore, searching for more notes,
Cooper'sbody or parachutebut again,nothing.
D.B.Cooper enteredthe history books asan authenticAmerican
legend.'Theret a good reasonfor this,'saysLarry Goldfine, a
Seattlelawyer who was sitting on Flight 305 that day.'ltwas rhe
first skyjacking for money and then the skyjacker disappeared
without atrace.No one washurt and it all happenedright under
the nosesof the FBI'. Most people think D.B. gor awaywith it.
The Cooper ofthe legendhasthe coolnessof a SteveMceueen
or Clint Eastwood.In the end,no one haseverworked out just
who he was - or is. In his enduring anonymiry he has inspired
three books, a play,a film, a song and thousandsof D.B. Cooper
bars and restaurants.Perhapsthe ultimate tribute is the annual
'D.B.
Cooper Days' festival in the tiny Washington town over
which Cooper was thoughr to have parachuted.Theret a D.B.
Cooper look-alike contesr (lots of forry-ish men in dark suits
and dark glasses),and half-a-dozet parachutistsmake a jump.
13
Findthreeexamplesof
compoundadjectives
in the
text.
t4
Discuss.
Whatdo youthinkof what
D . BC
. o o p edr i d ?
z Howdo youthinkhe got
awaywith it?
why
3 Doyouunderstand
somepeopleadmirewhat
h ed i d ?
4 Doyou knowanystories
aboutfamouscriminals
fromyourcountry?
r
relativeclauses
writean article
F,eading
L
& Discusswith otherstudents.
Whatdo you knowaboutSherlock
Holmes?
2 Washe a realperson?
3 Whyandwhenwashe famous?
1
y3 Nowreadthe text and checkyour ideas.
WasSherlock
Holmes
a realperson?
Notexactly,
butDrJoseph
Bell,the
manwhoinspired
of
thecharacter
Holmes,
Sherlock
shared
many
qualities
withthefamous
detective.
ArthurConan
Doyle,
ihewriterand
creator
of Holmes,
metDrBellin
1877at theUniversity
of Edinburgh
g
Doyle
Medical
School.
Conan
was
studying
to bea doctorandBellwas
oneof hisprofessors.
yearsoldwhen
thirty-nine
Bellwas
Doylefirstattended
oneof his
Con'an
have
He
is
said
to
walked
lectures.
Hisnoseandchin
withgreatenergy.
wereangular
andhiseyestwinkled
humour.
Bell,whowas
withintelligent
a brilliant
doctor,likedwritingpoetry,
playing
sportandbird-watching.
Doyle's
Bytheendof Conan
second
yearBellhadselected
himto serve
Beingona ward
ashisassistant.
withBell,wherehehadplenty
of
to observe,
only
opportunity
increased
Conan
Doyle's
admiration
for thegreatdoctor.Amongst
other
DrBell's
thingshewasableto witness
to quickly
remarkable
ability
deduce
a
greatdealaboutthepatient.
thewaya person
DrBellobserved
moved.
Thewalkof a sailor.
who
hadspentmanyyearsat sea,varied
greatly
fromthatof a soldier.
lf he
identified
asa sailor,
he
a person
wouldlookfor anytattoos
thatmight
assisthiminknowing
where
their
hadtakenthem.Hetrained
travels
himself
for smalldifferences
to listen
patients'
inhis
accents
to helphim
identify
where
theywerefrom.Bell
studied
thehands
of hispatients
because
calluses
or othermarkscould
helphimdetermine
theiroccupation.
published
Doyle
Conan
thefirst
Holmes
storyin 1887.Hisinnovation
increating
a character
thatwould
appear
overandoverina series
of
self-contained
storiesmeantthat
popularity
grewwitheach
Holmes's
instalment.
Soonthecharacter
was
so beloved
thatpeoplerefused
to
person;
believe
hewasn't
a real
letters
Holmes,
addressed
to 'Sherlock
Consulting
Detective'
arrived
dailyat
BakerStreet
Yard,each
andScotland
himto takeona realcase.
begging
Readthetextagainandcomplete
the notes.
TheRealSherlockHolmes
Personwho SherlockHolmeswasbasedonl.DrJosephBell
Relationship
to ConanDoyte:(r)
Where/When
metConanDoyte:(z)
, (l) (+)
poetry,
Dr Bell'shobbies:
-,
G) ThingsDr Bel[observedaboutpatients:the waythey moved,(6)-,
Datefirst Holmesstorypublished:(8)
Lettersfor SherlockHolmessentto: (9)-
theiraccents,(Z)
6
3
4
Readthe text againand find wordsthat mean:
r to givesomeone
(para.r)
the ideafor something
2 verygood,intelligent,
skilfut(para.z)
3 partof a hospitalwherepatientsstay(para.3)
4 newidea,method,etc.that is usedfor the firsttime (para.5)
in an urgentor anxious
way(para.5)
5 to askfor something
r
John'sbeenmy bestfriend
sinceschool.He'shelping
mestarta newbusiness.
2 My currentflat needs
redecorating.
I'vebeenin it
for a coupleof years.
goingto Australia
3 Tamsin's
for thewinter.Herparents
emigrated
therelastyear.
hasgivenme
4 My neighbour
his otdcomputer.
I'vealways
tikedhim.
Thefamilyat the endof the
roadarethinkingof moving.
Theirdog barksconstantly.
Tina'scaris up for sale.
She'shadit for years.
Discuss.
r Whatnewinformation
haveyoulearned
aboutSherlock
Holmes?
z Doyouthinkyouareobservant
you
likeDr Belt?Woutd be a good
witnessin a crimesituation?
in beinga policedetective?
Why/Whynot?
I Wouldyoube interested
Gfa
5
&f I retativeclauses
Readtheinformation
in theActivegrammar
boxanddecide
which
'defining
of theexamples
r-5 contain
relative
clauses'and
which
contain'non-defining
relative
clauses'.
7
DrJosephBell was the man who inspiredthe characteraf
SherlockHolmes"
Bell,
liked writing poetry playing
sport and bird-wotching.
Bell was thirty-nineyearsold
Non-defining relativeclauses
Theunderlinedpartof the sentence
givesus extrainformation.
Thisclausecanbe removed
withoutaffectingthe central
meaning
of the sentence.
Usecommas
at the beginning
andendof theseclauses
unless
theyendthe sentence.
Who and which cannotbe replacedby thot.
see Referencepage eg
Complete
thesentences
in a
waythatmakessense.
r Where
arethejeans
2
3
4
Beingon a wardwith Bell,
opportunitv to observe,only increasedConanDoyle's
admirationfor the great doctor.
ConanDoyle,whoseSherlockHolmesnovelswere
died in ry3o.
Defining relativeclauses
partof the sentence
Theunderlined
is essential
to the meaning
of thesentence.
Commasarenot usedto separate
the clauses.
Whoandwhich canboth be replacedby that.
Jointhesepairsof sentences
to makeone sentence.
Thepolicestillhaven'tfound
the man.Hestolemy bag.
Thepolice still haven't found
the man wha stalemy bag.
6
7
which...?
That'sthe popstarwho ...
She'sthe titttegirlwhose...
lU liketo finda place
wnere...
I thinkthat'sthe couple
wnose...
Wewentto a shopwhere...
Wasn'tit yourfather
who...?
Sheboughtthe mobile
phonewhich...
Person to penson
I
Tellanotherstudentthree
interesting
thingsaboutyou.
Beginlikethis:
Libyais the place whereI was
born.My mother
an English
teacherthere.
r X is the olacewhere...
z Y is the oersonwho ...
3 Zwasthetimewhen...
iting
Listening
American
whose
withanordinary
a
Listen
to an interview
'Sherlock
withanother
student:
nameis
Holmes'.
First,discuss
r Whydoyouthinkhehasthisname?
12 Readtheartictein the
Writingbankon page164
anddo theexercises.
z Whatdo youthinkarethe possible
consequences
of havinga nametikethis?
b Listenand checkyour ideas.
Listenagainand explainthe significance
of the
followingthingsin the interview:
t
Thisis what the AmericanSherlockHolmes
Iikesto be called.
r T h en a m e ' H o l m e s '
z TheoriginalConan
Doylestories
3 A favouriteliteraryfigure
'Where's
DrWatson?'
4 Thequestion
5 TVmagicians
6 Themotherof an old familvfriend
t $7ooo
glass
e Historchandmagnifying
Discuss.
r
Howdo youfeelaboutyourname?Doesit meansomething?
Wereyou namedaftersomeone
in yourfamilyor someone
famous?
lf so,whoandwhy?
Whatreasons
theirnames?
Doyou
do peoplehavefor changing
knowanyonewho haschanged
his/hername?lf so,whydid he/
shedo it?
In Britain,
surname
whenthey
womenoftentaketheirhusband's
getmarried?
Whatdo youthinkaboutthis?
iitt"::
dl r,,.::r;;.
13
Youare goingto write
an articleabouta famous
crime.
r
*...
A,
nA'-Zt
of
ng,mes
z
3
4
5
Listenand makenotes
fromthisdescription
of
how NickLeesonbrokethe
Baringsinvestment
bank.
Decide
on the mainpoints
for yourarticte.
yourideasinto
Organise
paragraphs.
Writeyourarticlein
1oo-15owords.(Checkthe
pointsabout
important
writingarticlesfromEx.
e.)
Readyourarticlethrough.
ls it interesting
andeasyto
read?Makeanynecessary
changes.
'I.: l:":
Riddle of PM's missingdiary
Discuss.
2
4
r DoyoueverreadEnglish
newspapers?
z Whatis the purpose
of a headline?
you
Do
problems
ever
have
understanding
3
headlines?
Why?
r
Interest rate cut boosts exports
a Matchthe wordsr-rz, with the meanings
a-1.Usea dictionaryif necessary.
'
Prince and model to wed
r
Leading bank in sexdiscrimination case
A
r aid
2 axe
3 bacl<
+ bid
5 blast
6 blaze
7 quit
8 clash
9 drama
ro hit
u key
rz plea
B
a) strongrequest
b) affectbadly
c) explosion
d) leave,resign
e) essential,
vital
f) cut,remove
g) dispute,conflict
h) attempt
i) tensesituation
j) support
k) hetp
t) seriousfire
+ Man.Utd.crashto defeatin Cupmatch
s MP spy drama
o Riddteof 2ndVanGoghpainting
z Butler quits the Palace
e CapeTownbidsfor Olympics
s Bomb blast in northern India
b In pairs,discusswhatyou thinkthe two
headlines
abovemightmean.
3
Discuss.
Wouldyoube interested
in reading
articles
withthefollowing
headlines?
Why/Why
not?Whatdoyouthinl<
eachonemightbe
about?
Choosethe mostlikelvalternative
in each
headline.
t Key/Pleo
witnessreceives
deaththreat
z IBMaxeshidstop managers
3 Guestsescapehotelclashhlaze
back/quitteacher
+ Schoolgovernors
5 Chatshowhost fight dramolkey
6 Poticeandstudentscloshthit
for UScommunications
network
I BTbids/pleas
quits/oids
8 General
top iob
10Votes scandal in Galifornia
D
Discuss.
Doyou readnewspaperslmagazines
often?lf
so,whichones?Whydo youlikethem?
z Doyou readthe wholepaperlmagazine
or just
certainparts?lf so,whichparts?
arethe bestwayof
3 Doyouthinknewspapers
gettingthe newsin yourcountry?
in
4 Whicharethe mostpopularnewspapers
yourcountry?
Whatarethe maindifferences
between
them?
r
;;:
A policeofficerwas
sittingon hismotorcgcle
at a redtrafficlight
whentwoteenagers
in
a sPortscardrovebg
h i ma t 5 0 m p h H
. ed i d
n o tc h a s et h e mo rt r gt o
a p p r e h e nt hde m .
Whgnot?
tl
FT
E
A m a n r o d ei n t ot o w no n F r i d a g .
H es t a g e df o r t h r e en i g h t sa n d
then left on Fridag.
H o wc o m e ?
.
m
:
r ' +
A m a nl e a v ehs o s o i t aaln d
b e g i ntso w a l kh o m e0. n h i s
journeg
h ep a s s e a
s p h o n eb o x
w h i c hb e g i ntso r i n g I. n s t e a d
o f a n s w e r i ni tgh ep u n c h etsh e
a i ra n dr u n sa l lt h ew a gh o m e
c h e e r i nW
g .h g ?
A m a nw a s d r i v i n ga l o n ei n h i s c a rw h e nh e c a m eo f '
t h e r o a da t h i g hs p e e d H
. ec r a s h e dt h r o u g ha f e n c e
a n dw e n td o w na s t e e ps l o p eb e f o r et h e c a r p l u n g e c
into a fast flowingriver.As the car slowlgsettledin
t h e r i v e r t, h e m a n r e a l i s e d
t h a t h i s a r mw a s b r o k e n
a n dt h a t h e c o u l dn o t r e l e a s eh i s s e a tb e l ta n dg e t
o u t o f t h e c a r .H ew a st r a p p e di n t h e c a r .R e s c u e r s
a r r i v e dt w o h o u r sl a t e r ,g e tt h e gf o u n dh i m a l i v e .
Howeome?
l i v e sw i t hh i sp a r e n tisn L o n d o nL.a s tw e e kw
Bobbg
, h i l eh i s
p a r e n tw
s e r eo u t ,B o b b g 'nse i g h b o u
Sru s i ec a m er o u n dt o
s p e n dt h ee v e n i n gA.t I o ' c l o cpk r e c i s e sl gh ew e n to u tt o b u u
s o m ec i g a r e t t ef rso mt h ec o r n esr h o pf i v em i n u t ew
s a l ka w a g .
0 n em i n u t ea f t e rs h el e f t t, w om e nb u r s it n t ot h eh o u s ea n d ,
i g n o r i nBg o b b gt o, o kt h eT Vs e t ,t h es t e r e oa n da c o m p u t e r .
Bobbg
h a dn e v esr e e nt h em e nb e f o r e
a n dt h e gh a dn ol e g a l
rightto remove
the equipment gethedidnothingto stop
them.Infact,hedidn'tevenactsurprised
bgtheirbehaviour.
Howcome?
:.
l' o
s b o v eF
T r ya n ds o l v et h e l a t e r atlh i n k i n gp r c b l e m a
. o[[ow
t h e s ei n s t r u c t i o n s :
r
R e a de a c ho f t h e ma n dm a k ea n o i eo i a n vv c c a b u [ alrv' .hvi c hs t o p sy o u
u n d e r s t a n d itnhge m .
z A s ko t h e rs t u d e n tasn d / o rc h e c ki n a d i c t i o n a tr cr ii i r cc u rt:h em e a n i nogf
the unknown
vocabutary.
W
o
r
l
w
<
i
t
h
a
n
o t h esrt u d e n tD. i s c u si sd e a sy o uh a v et o e x p i a i en a c ho i t h e
3
problems.
Whena fire broke
o u tI na na r r p l a n a
e,
panicking
passenge
o rp e n e d
t h ee m e r g e n chaa t c h
a n dt h r e wh i m s e l f
out,eventhoughhe
h a dn op a r a c h u t e .
Howwasit thatwhen
the rescueservices
foundhim,hewas
aliveandwelland
withoutinjurg?
N o wc h o o s et h e o n ey o u a r em o s ti n t e r e s t eidn a n d r e a dt h e e x p l a n a t i of no r
i t . ( r p a g er 4 9 ; z p a g e1 4 5 ;3 p a g et 4 7 ; 4 p a g er 4 8 ; 5 p a g e1 . , o ; 6p a g e1 5 r ) .
r
MakeIwo Yes/loquestions
to askabouteachof the otherproblems.
t : t i ; . : :i.i t t :
; : : , ) : : , . : r t : : ';t.f; ; 5 f . 1 9 ; : ; ' l ' i ' : r - l i l l :
l:::::.
'::..,,'
z Askotherstudents
your
who knowthe explanations
for the otherproblems
questions.
information,
explanations
for eachof the other
suggest
3 Withthe additional
problems.
l:l:
: , : i : ' 1 . : : l ; : r : , ;: : ; i : . : i : : : ; , : , ; t - : . : t : , . : ; :i i l , t . : t : 1 . :a . , ' a , , ' : . , , i 1 : : , ' , ' . " '
tr.*#
Sequencing devices
UseHaving+ past participleor After + present
participleto showthe orderof eventswhentetlinga
storyor describing
a seriesof events.
Havingdiscussedthe problemfor severalhours, we
decidedto go out for somethingto eat.
After
lainingta her bosswhyshe neededa raise,
she told him that she wos thinking of leoving the
compony.
Otherexampleswith a similarstructureinclude:
Beforepainting the room,she had to s
wallpaper.
off the old
On enteringthe raom,he noticedthat all the
wereopen.
dows
Whilecleaningthe room, shediscovereda locked diary.
Usemusfto saythat you believesomethingis
certain.
Usemight to say somethingis a possibitity.
Usecan'f to saythat you believesomethingis not
possibte.
Forthe past,use must/might/can'thave+ past
participle.This is the same for t/you/he/we/they.
Youmust have enjoyedyaur holiday in Australia.
I think I might have left my wallet in that shop.
Shehasn'tphonedme so shecon't hovegot ny
messoge.
You can use moy insteadof might and couldn,t
insteadof con't.
Shemay havestoppedto get somepetro!
any towels.
May/mighthave+ past participlecan also referto
the presentor future.
l'll give him o call but he may haveleft by now"
By this
e nextyeorI might havemovedto Brussels.
Relative cl
Defining rel
ses
ive clauses
Defining
relative
clauses
defineor identify
the
person,
thing,time,placeor reason.
Theycannotbe
leftout.
is the teacherwhoI told youabout.
That'sthestreetwhereI grewup.
Nocommas
areusedbeforeandafterthedefining
relativeclause.
Thatcanbe usedinsteadof whoor which.
Thewomanthat/who'lsharean officewithhasbeenin
thecompony
for years.
pronoun
Therelative
canbeleftout if it is theobiect
of theverbin therelative
clause.
Simonboughtthejacket(that/which)
wesawwhenwe
wentshoppinglastweekend.
Non-defining relative clauses
Non-defining
relativeclauses
giveextrainformation
whichcanbe leftout.
Commas
areusedbeforeandafternon-defining
relative
clauses
unless
theyenda sentence.
Whoandwhichcannotbe replaced by that.
I've lentmynewbike,whichI reallylike,to mybrother.
Coiro,whereI livedfor severolyears,is o fascinoting
city.
Key voc
ulary
Crime
robbery thief fingerprintscommunity
service
speedingfraud witness intimidationroadrage
Lawandinsurance
premium fraud to fite(actaim) to sue(someone)
to guaranteeappeal arson
to convict(someone
(someone
of) to sentence
to)
Conversational
expressions
Goon ... Thewayit goesis that... Fancy
that.
Fairenough. Whaton earthfor?
Putltheotherone. You're
kidding! Cross
myheart.
Compound
adjectives
middte-aged
one-waysingle-minded
left-handedhome-madeIast-minutepart-time
so-ca[[edtime-consuming
brand-new
Newspaper
headlines
aid axe back bid btast btaze quit ctash
drama hit key plea
I
I
UseAfter
Jointhe followingpairsof sentences.
+ presentparticiple
or Having+ pastparticiple.
Sheworkedhard
at theofficeearlv.
Shearrived
':. Addcommas
to the sentences.
as necessary
is
DavidGraywhowrotethesongWhiteLadder
performing
in Paris
thisweekend.
a n df a s ta [ [m o r n i n g .
a,i;:-:':::
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
:.:r:-:
j,'
I :
for hoursto getto thevi[[age.
Shetravelled
Shethoughtsheshouldstaytherefor at least
a coupleof days.
witha lot of
Hesawhis neighbour
struggling
heavybags.Heofferedto helpher.
exams.She
Shecamefirstin heruniversity
firm
of
lawyers.
a
top
wasapproached
by
Shetook homean injuredcatshehadfound
by the sideof the road.Shefettshehadto
keeoit.
Hesawa youngmantakea CDwithoutpaying.
Hetotdthe securitystaff.
Hespoketo hisfather.Hetotdhisbosshe
wanteda raise.
They
Theygot a longletterfromtheircousin.
decided
to go andseehim.
so that they
Complete
the secondsentences
meanthe sameas the first. Usemust/might/
can'f with the verbin brackets.
I don'tbelieveshegot an 'A' in herexam.
She_
r
. (get)
lt is possible
he stayedlateat the office.
(stay)
He_
.
z There'sno chancethat I teftmy glovesin the
car.
|_
. (leave)
3 I'msureshe'sshownme herhotidayphotosat
[easttentimes.
She_
. (show)
It'snot possible
thatshe'sfinishedal[her
homework
already.
She_
. (finish)
I haveno doubtthattheywerereallypleased
to winthe comoetition,
They_
. (be)
There'sa chancemy lettergot lostin the post.
(Sot)
My letter-.
r l'mafraid| lostthe bookwhichshe[entme.
where
z I'mgoingto spenda fewdaysin Sevilte
I firstmetRaoue[.
3 Thesearethe appleswhichI pickedfromthe
treein my garden.
4 Theyoungmanwho I spoketo haspromised
to giveme a refund.
Hotelwhich
to stayat the Regina
5 Wedecided
to us.
somefriendshadrecommended
job
has
a
lot
of
travelling
Tim
whose
invotves
6
offeredto let us usehis ftatfor a few weeks.
and
Findthe mistakesin four of the sentences
correctthem.
r
z
3
4
5
6
makes
Steveworksfor a sma[[company
kitchenequipment.
I thinkthe nameof the fitmthat I'dliketo see
is Collaterol.
Didyou hearexactly
thathe said?
hadbeengoingon for
Thedemonstration,
severaldays,is fina[[yover.
lsn'tthatthe placewhereyougrewup?
My sister,
thatspeaksFrench
andltalian
fluently,wantsto be an interpreter.
with one of the words
Complete
the sentences
fromthe Keyvocabulary
sectionon page129.
' , , : . : . . ' : : i : : 1 . :. : t : , . . :
; ) . ; : , ! i : i l : : i , . ' : i ' : : t ; : . : ; i ; : r : :;;' 1 ; ; i . : . , i , : . , i
r
beingforcedto writewithmy right
I remember
handas a chitdeventhoughI wasobviously
givesboostto troubled
Government
steeIindustry.
TheysayI haveto paya finefor travelting
withouta ticketbut I'mgoingto
dealwith
We'regoingto try andget a _
agent.Apparently
therearesome
a localtravel
reaIbargains.
A: lf youcometo my ptace,l'[[cookdinner.
B: _
e n o u g hS. h a tIt b r i n gs o m ew i n e ?
Canyou believeit?My DVDrecorderstops
workingafterthirteenmonthsandthe
is for oneyear!
at chemicats
factoryiniures
Mystery
Arsonsusoected.
threeworkers.
"*
!:
4F :
3
:.
L,*
Lead-in
1
Discuss.
Whatis happening
in eachphoto?Howaretheyconnected?
2
a In pairs,matchthe quotesbelowwith pictures
r-3 andexplain
whatyouthinkthe phrases
in italics
mean.
'Walking
on hotcoalsis a question
of mindovermatter.'
'Politicians
oftenrelyonthepowerof persuasion
to makepeople
vote
forthem.'
'l gaveupeatingallsweetthings
gbulwillpower;
usingnothin
b In whatsituations
haveyouuseda) mindovermatter,b) the
powerof persuasion
andc) willpower?
3
Listento sixpeopteanswering
a,
questions
r-6. Makebrief
notesabouttheiranswers.
r Doyoueverhavepremonitions?
Doyoutakethemseriously?
z Haveyoueverhada feelingof ddjdvu?Whathappened?
whois usually
ableto trustyourintuition?
3 Areyousomeone
you
Do
know
anyone
who
uses
hisfier
sixthsensea lot?
4
Whathappened?
5 Haveyoueverbeenunconscious?
6 Doyouthinkyouhaveanysubconscious
fears?
b ln pairs,writea shortdefinition
for eachof the phrases
in italics
in thequestions
above.
your
Then,compare definitions
withthe
definitions
in an English-English
dictionary.
e Askandanswer
thequestions
witha partner.
reflexiveDronouns
ask about and giveyour own betiefsand opinions
Reading
1
a Discuss.
helppeoplewith?
Whatsortof problems
do hypnotists
b Readthe text quicktyand answerthe questions.
in the text?
r Whatproblems
arementioned
z Howdo youthinkthewriterfeelsaboutthe
impressed,
hypnotist
PaulMcKenna:
sceptica[,
indifferent
or nervous?
Their lives in his
hands
McKennais more than just a hypnotist,however.He has
becomea new-styleguruandmanyof hisclientsnowturn to
Heis fascinated
by
himinsteadof theirdoctoror psychiatrist.
phobiasandis constanttygettingclientswith problemsthat
guru.The
Heisa modern-day
he sawa
their doctorsjust can't do anythingabout.Recentty
rich andfamousa[[ turn to
into
knives.
were
turning
woman
thought
her
fingernails
who
himwhentheyarein needof
to
do but
loss
to
know
what
Her
comptetety
at
a
doctors
were
meets
D'Souza
hetp.Christa
just
session.
one
half-hour
curedherwith
amazingty
McKenna
the hypnotist
Pau[McKenna,
'l canseewhy peoplecometo me,'he says.'lf youusethe
with hiddenpowers.
takessixmonths.'
it sometimes
traditionalapproach,
in
It is earlyin theafternoon
Thisis howit works.Whenthe ctientgetsthere,McKenna
WestLondonand the office
Productions sitsthemin the chairI'm sittingin. Hewill then hypnotise
of PaulMcKenna
the clientby havinghimor herfix on a pointon the ceiting.
with
activity.
is bustling
After a while the 'naturalrelaxationof trance'setsin, the
McKenna
himsetfis a small,mousymanandwhenI arrivehe
eyesctoseandMcKenna
thentalksto the ctient.Oneexercise
around
is tatkinganimatedty
on the phone.On the shelves
'motivation'
'smoking',
themresistingpressure
invotves
that he useson sportspeople
the office, I notice boxesmarked
'ftying'
from hisarm.Youholdyourarm out straightandtry to keep
eventuattyputs the
and
amongstothers.McKenna
pushesit downwards.
First,you do
it there while McKenna
phonedown,apotogises
andthen, noticingme [ookingat the
nasty(tikea bad day at
it whitethinkingaboutsomething
boxes,politelywonderswhetherI am frightenedof ftying.
'Yes,that'swhyI'm here,'ladmit.Already,
nice
the dentist)and then whitethinkingaboutsomething
lfeel in aweof
you
nice
(tike
the
had).
Oddly,
it's
thinking
a
relaxing
hotiday
thisman.
you
it,
it
really
I
tried
and
thoughts
makes
stronger.
that
Pau[McKennahas an eclectic band of followers,who
cometo him with a wide rangeof problemsand phobias, works.Thedifferencereallyis amazing.
I askedMcKennato put me into a trance. lnitiatty I
from fear of ftyingto depression.
He hasworkedwith many
famouspeopte,includingactors, rock stars, sportspeopte resistedandresisted,ratherasyoudojust beforebeinggiven
a generalanaesthetic,but soonfound myself,not exactly
and even royalty.He doesn'tchargehis clients for their
'under',but completely
relaxed.Oneof his ctientssaidof
treatment,but asksthemto makea donationto a charityof
'He hypnotisedme down the tetephone.lt gave
McKenna,
he
has
them;
hischoice.Besides,
he doesn'tneedto charge
me a realtygoodfeeting,like whenyou'vedonestrenuous
like lhe
hisincrediblysuccessful
TVcareer,with programmes
exercise
andyoufeel great.'I knowexactlywhatshemeans.
HypnoticWorldof Paul lvlcKenno.
Histwo-yearcontractwith
AndI'lldefinitetybe back.
onetetevision
stationis saidto be worthaboutt2.5 million.
2
a Readthe text againand decideif thesestatementsare true (T),
false (F)or we don't know (DK).
r Thewriteris frightened
of ftying.
specifies.
give
z Hisclients
moneyto a charitythat McKenna
everyweek.
3 Someclientsgo andtatkto McKenna
peopleby lookingintotheireyes.
4 Hehypnotises
by McKenna.
The
writer
enjoyed
beinghypnotised
5
of about
b Writea paragraph
the
75wordssummarising
mainpointsfromthetext.
e Readyourpartner's
paragraph.
the
Didyouinclude
samepoints?
3
Discuss.
6
r Whatis yourreaction
to PaulMcKenna
andwhathe does?
you
(or
z Have
hasanyoneyou know)hadanyexperience
of being
hypnotised?
Givedetails.
3 Wouldyou liketo be hypnotised?
Why/Whynot?
whatwouldyou askfor help
4 lf youweregoingto be hypnotised,
with?
Gra
4
1 |_
haveneverbeen
hypnotised
but I know
peoplewho have.
2 My bestfriendand I often
knowwhat
are
thinking.
a
3 A friendgave_
bookaboutacupuncture
for my birthday.
4 I'mso forgetful- I'm
alwayslocking_
out
of my house.
5 Peoplein Britainusually
give_
presentsat
Christmas.
6 I'd liketo speakto the
doctor
, not the
receptionist.
7 Theteachertaught
to meditate
by thinkingaboutour
breathing.
8 Thepeoplein my family
talk to
a lot.
pronouns
I reflexive
Complete
pronouns
thereflexive
grammar
r-6 intheActive
box.
Active grammar
S U B J E CPTR O N O U N S REFLEXIVE
PRONOU]tIS
Singular I
Plural
G)_
you
yourself
he
she
(z)herself
it
(r)-
WC
(+)-
you
G)_
they
(6) _
A commonuseof reflexivepronounsis to talk about
actionswherethe subjectandobjectarethe sameperson.
Thereflexivepronounis essentialto the grammarof the
sentence.
Hestarted to
to be a hypnotist.
Wecanalsousereflexivepronounsfor emphasis,
when
we mean'thatpersonor thing,andnobodyor nothingelse'.
Thereflexivepronounis not essentialto the grammarof the
sentence,
but is addedfor emphasis.
o
a Matchthe examplesr-5 with the correctrule A or B in the Active
grammarbox.
r I cut myselfwhileI wascooking.
z Emilyherselfsaidshe'snot verygoodat maths.
for the accident.
3 Theyblamedthemselves
4 | spoketo the bosshimself.
in my positionandtry to understand.
5 Youshouldput yourself
6 Shedidn'tgo to the hairdresser;
shecut herhairherself.
b Whichone of thesesentences
is grammatically
incorrectand
what do the othertwo sentences
mean?
r Wetaughtourselves
howto playtennis.
z Wetaughteachotherhowto playtennis.
3 Wetaughtus howto playtennis.
see Referenceon page U3
Complete
thesesentences
with each other, reflexive
pronoun(myself,
themselves,etc.) or object
pronoun(him, us, etc.).
Person to person
7
a Do you agreewith these
statements?Make brief
notesabout your views.
r Mostpeoplecancure
themselves
of a phobia
(e.9.fearof spiders)or an
addiction(e.g.smoking)
withoutgettinghelpfroma
professional.
z Oneofthe bestwaysof
learning
is beingwithother
students
andteaching
each
other.
shouldbe
3 Parents
punished
for persistent
childtruancy,as wellas the
childrenthemselves.
b Compareyour viewswith
otherstudents.Do you agree
with eachother?
T,isfuning
8
I
@ Listento threepeopletalkingabout
PautMcKenna
Whichstatement
andhypnosis.
One
opinion.
bestsummarises
eachperson's
be
statement
cannot used.
personally
from
r He/She
hasbenefited
hypnosis.
forwhathehas
z He/She
McKenna
admires
achieved.
is often
thinksthatgoingto hypnotists
r He/She
a wasteof money.
thinksit'sgoodbutdoesn't
+ He/She
howit works.
understand
theseverb
a Listenagainandcomplete
phrases
aboutbeliefandopinion.
genuine
myself.
t I reckon
he'sprobably
justaccepting
it if it worksfor
z l'min -of
you.
I'vealways
fhaf peoplelike Paul
McKenna
arejustgoodshowmen.
muchhe can
lhovemy -abouthow
actualtydo for peoplein the [ong-term.
l'm-fhaf
hypnosishasanyeffectat
att.
peoplepayingfor a serviceand
6 l'm
gettingnothingrea[in return.
hypnosisactuallyworksfor anyone.
I Ithat it wasthe hypnosisthat
I l'm
helpedme.
g I| would'veleft my job by now.
b Answerthe questionsaboutthe meaningof
the verb phrases.
mean:I feelalmost
r Whichtwo verbphrases
is true?
certainthatsomething
mean:I thinkthat
z Whichthreeverbphrases
to
something
maynot be trueor is unlikely
happen?
mean:I think
3 Whichtwoverbphrases
something
is trueor is tiketyto happen?
+ Whichoneverbphrasemeans:I agreewith
andsupporta plan,ideaor system?
with
Which
oneverbphrasemeans:I disagree
5
plan,
ideaor system?
andam opposed
to a
Pronuneiation
paying
1O Listenagainandrepeatthesentences
of the
specialattention
to thepronunciation
phrases
in Ex.9a.
1 1 Rewritethe sentencesusingthe words in
brackets.
1 Myviewhasalwaysbeenthat thereis life on
otherplanets.(believed)
z I thinkthat ghostsdon'treallyexistat all.
(doubt)
3 | hada verystrongfeelingthat I knewwhat
shewasthinking.(convinced)
4 | agreewith peopletryingall sortsof different
(favour)
treatments.
s I thinkthatsomepeoplehavesupernatural
powers.(reckon)
of UFOs.
6 | am not sureaboutthe existence
(doubts)
for a serviceI
with payingsomeone
7 | disagree
(against)
don't understand.
thatanyonecanpredictthe
8 | thinkit'sunlikely
(scepticaD
future.
Speaking
yourviewsaboutsomeof the
12 tn pairs,discuss
topicsin the box.Usethe Howto boxandthe
verbphrases
in Ex.9.
hypnosis vegetarianismmarriage
militaryservice smokingin publicplaces
ghosts telepathy Internetchatrooms
ask about other people's views
Whatareyourviewson ,..?
Whatdo youthinkof ...?
Areyoufor or agoinst...?
Howdo youfeelabout...?
Doyouhaveanystrongfeelingsabout...?
13 a Choosea topic from Ex.rz. Prepareto talk
for one minuteaboutyour views.Usethe notes
belowto help you.
you haveof the topic
Saywhatexperience
and/orwhy it interestsyou
in favouror anypositivepoints
z Sayarguments
aboutthetopic
againstor anynegativepoints
3 Sayarguments
your
and/orsummarise
4 Sayyourconclusion
personaI
views
r
b Listento other studentsgivetheir talks.
Whichof the viewsyou heardweresimilarto
yours?
g e r u n d sa n d i n f i n i t i v e s
write the argumentsfor and againsta point of view
5
Choosethe correct
alternatives.
r
z
Listening
1
3
Discuss.
r Whatarethepeople
in eachpicture
doing?
z Whatdoyouthinktheiraimis in eachcase?
techniques
3 Whatdifferent
aretheyusingto achieve
theiraim?
2
4
5
Listento an extractfroma radioprogramme
anddecioe
whichtwoof thesethingsarebeingdiscussed:
a) advertising,
b) potiticians,
c) supermarkets.
6
3
Listenagainandcomplete
thenotes.
Persuasion
r Wherepersuasion
takesplace:television,...
z Largeamountsof moneyspenton:
7
Supermarkets
3 Twowaysto relaxcustomers:
4 Whyrewardcardsaregoodfor supermarkets:
8
Advertising
5 Twotypesof advert:
6 Advertsfor cleaning
products:
powerful
Most
adverts:
z
8 Advertsfor luxurvcars:
9 Advertswhichusefamouspeople:
4
Discuss.
r
Whatdo youthinkaboutthewaysthatsupermarkets
persuade
you
to buy morethingsor visit morefrequently?
z Howmuchdo youthinkyouareinfluenced
by advertising?
an advertthatyou particularly
3 Canyoudescribe
tikeor thathas
stuckin yourmind?Whydo youlikeit or whydo youthinkyou've
remembered
it?
Haveyou got any
favouriteadvertising
I
advertisementsT
Whatarethreeof the bestknowntargetmarketsl
makesof clothingin your
country?
Wouldyou [iketo work
in commercial
breakl
marketing?
Doyouthinkyouwould
be goodat thinkingup
commercial
breaksl
slogans?
Whatdo youusuallydo
duringcommercialbreaksI
marketingon TV?
Haveyou everbought
anythingthrougha target
marketlclassifiedad?
Whichfilm hashada lot
of classifiedodslhype
recently?
Whatdo youthinkthe
hypeltargetmarketis
for eight-seater'peoplecarrier'vehicles?
Pronunciation
6
&
Listento these
threewordsandmarkwhere
themainstressis.ls it on
thesamesyllable
or not?
r advertising
z advertisement
3 advert
fo Choose
fourofthe
questions
in Ex.5 to askand
answerwith a partner.
Qfamrn8,f
7
I
I gerundsand infinitives
r-5 in theActivegrammar
a Lookat theverbsin boldin sentences
boxandchoosethe correctalternatives.
b @
Listenandcheckyouranswers.
c Writetheverbsin botdin the correctplacein theActivegrammar
box.
Active grammar
1
2
Theypersuade
usbuying/tobuythingswe maynotwant.
Wecarryon using/touserewardcardsat thesame
supermarket.
makeusfeelthat
Advertsfor clothesoftenwantmaking/to
webelong.
clothes
designer
resisfbuyingexpensive
I try resisting/to
butit'sdifficult!
leaveyourcreditcardat homeif
Youcouldtry leaving/to
youdon'twantto spendsomuch.
verb+ gerund
on
verb+ infinitive
verb+ object+ infinitive
verb+ gerundORverb+ infinitive
with a differentmeaning
a Check
of theverbsin thebox.Then,writethem
themeaning
if
box'Usea dictionary
in thecorrectplacein theActivegrammar
necessary.
advise agree allow arrange avoid encourage hope
practise regret remember stop suggest
What is the differencein
b Lookat these pairsof sentences.
meaningbetweenthe underlinedpartsin eachpair?
the
r a TheTVremotecontro[wouldn'tworkso I triedchanging
batteries.
b I triedto changethe batteriesin the remotecontrolbut I
couldn'topenit.
whenyouwereout?
to buvsomeshampoo
z a Didyou remember
but nowI can'tfindit.
buvingsomemoreshampoo
b I remember
3 a I regretto tell youthat you failedyourfinalexam.
b I resrettellingherthat I faitedmy finalexam.
4 a Thenewswason but we stoppedwatchingwhenthe adverts
cameon.
b Wewerehavinglunchbut we stoppedto watchthe news.
see Referencepoge U3
the second
Comptete
in
sentence eachpair,so it
hasthe samemeaningas
the first. Usebetweentwo
and fourwordsincludingthe
word in botd.
I gavethe
As a rehearsal,
front
of a mirror.
in
speech
practised
the speech
I practised g
in front of a m r.
r 'Whydon'twe go to the
c i n e m a ? ' hsea i d .
suggested
to thecinema.
He
'You
reallyshouldget a iob
z
saidto
in advertising,'she
me.
encouraged
She-ajobin
advertising.
3 | madean attemptto speak
to heron the phonebut
shewasout.
tried
I
to heron the
phonebut shewasout.
'0K. l'll giveyou a lift to
said.
the airport,'he
agreed
mea lift to the
He
airport.
I usedto comeherewhenI
wasa child.
remember
herewhenI was
I
a child.
'lf I wereyou,lU seea
doctor,'he said.
advised
seea doctor.
He
Wedrovethe longwayso
we wouldn'tgetstuckin
traffic.
avoid
Wedrovethe longwayto
stuckin traffic.
'Goon!Buythe
ieans
andthe boots!They'reso
saidto me.
cheap,'she
persuaded
thejeansand
Shethe boots.
Person to person
1O Tatkto differentstudentsin the classand find someonewho ...
. ...wasallowedto watchas muchTVas heishewantedas a child
. ...regretsnot [earning
as a child
to ptaya musicalinstrument
. ...hasarranged
to do something
exciting
thisweekend
. ...hopesto travelto a differentcontinentnextyear
o ...remembers
1999
whattheyweredoingon 3rst December
. ...hastriedto giveup smoking
13 Choose
a topicforyouressay
usingoneof thestatements
belowor something
elseyou
feeIstronglyabout.Write
downarguments
in favour
yourstatement.
andagainst
riting
r teenagers
shouldnot be
atlowed
to weardesigner
clothesor shoesat school
11 m Discussthe statementin pairs.Do you agree?Why/Whynot?
Advertisingon TVduringchildren'sprogrammesshouldnot be
ollowed.
fo Thesentences
the
in the boxaretakenfroman essay.Complete
tablewith the correctparagraph
numberr-4.
- general
Paragraph
r: Introduction
statement
aboutthe issue
z smaIt,locaIshopsare
betterfor the community
thanlargesupermarkets
Paragraph
z: Arguments
in favourof the statement
Paragraph
Arguments
against
the statement
3:
youropinion
Paragraph
4: Conclusionbrieflysummarise
Po
hz
knowthat childrencanbe
A Firstty,
companies
persuaded
to wantthingsveryeasily.
that many
B Finalty,
it is importantto remember
and
childrenenjoywatchingadvertisements
findingout whatis availablein the shops.
C ln conclusion,
I think it is the parents'
responsibility
to controlhowmuchtelevisiontheir
childrenwatch.
D In this essay,I will considerthe questionof
shouldbe allowedto
whethercompanies
advertise
to childrenon television.
E Onthe otherhand,it is not onlythe companies
for whatchildrenwatch.
who haveresponsibility
should
F On balance,I am convinced
that companies
be bannedfromadvertisingtochildren,especially
on television.
G Anotherreasonwhy theyshouldnot be allowed
to advertise
to childrenis that theyareusing
childrento maketheirparentsspendmore.
H Thisis an importantissueandtherearestrong
feelingson bothsidesofthe argument.
musicandTV
3 background
screens
should
bebanned
public
places,
in
e.g.caf6s,
rooms,
waiting
shops,
etc.
1 3 a Writean essayaboutyour
statement.
Usetheplanand
in thetable
thelanguage
in Ex.nb andyournotesto
helpyou.
fu Readanotherstudent's
essay.Doyouagreewith
his/herfinalconclusion?
Why/Whynot?
(z)
ifstructures
tatkaboutyourregrets
andresolutions
Ileadieag
"i
Readthe shorttext belowand answerthe
qu e s t i o n s .
r Whatis the matterwith Bernard
Marx?
z Whyis thisa problemfor himin hisworld?
X
Readthe extractand answerthis question:What
a r et h e b a b i e sl e a r n i n w
g h i l et h e ya r ea s l e e p ?
r
whatdifferent
typesof worktheycoutdchoose
to do in the future
z howto geton wetlwithotherchitdren
3 howto be happywiththeirfuturerolein society
Silence,silence,'whispereda loud speaker.
'Silence,
silence,'repeatedother loudspeakers
at intervals along the corridor. The students
and eventhe Director himself, without
thinking, obeyedthe voicesand walked on the
tips of their toes. They were Alphas, of course,
but evenAlphas have been well conditioned.
'Silence,
silence.'Theair of the fourteenthfloor
was heavywith the whispered command.
The Director carefully openeda door. They
entered a room where the light was very low.
Eighty little beds stood in a row againstthe
wall. All that could be heard was light regular
breathing and a continuous hum like the sound
ofvery faint voicesspeakingsoftly at a great
distance.
A nurse stood up as they entered.
'What'sthe lesson
this afternoon?'theDirector askedquietly.
'Elementary
ClassConsciousness,'she answered.
The Director walked slowly down the long line of beds. In each
one lay a child asleep.Eighty little boys and girls with pink,
healthy faceslay there softly breathing. There was a whisper
under everybedcover.'Elementary ClassConsciousness,did you
say?Let's have it repeateda little louder by the loudspeaker.'
At the end of the room a loud speakerhung on the wall. The
Director walked up to it and presseda switch.
'... all wear green,'
said a soft but very distinct voice,beginningin
the middle of a sentence,'and Delta Children wear light brown.
Oh no, I don't want to playwith Delta children. And Epsilons are
evenworse. They're too stupid to be able to read or write. Besides
they wear black, which is such an ugly colour. I'm so glad I'm a
Beta.'
There was a pause,then the voice began again.
'Alpha
children wear grey. They work much harder than we do, becausethey're so clever. I'm really very
glad I'm a Beta,becauseI don't work so hard. And then we are much better than the Gammasand Deltas.
Gammasare stupid. They all wear green, and Delta children wear light brown. Oh no, I don't want to play
with Delta children. And Epsilons are evenworse.'
The Director pushed back the switch. The voice sank to the faintest of whispers which could just be heard
from beneath the eighty bedcovers.
'They'll
have that repeateda hundred and twenty times three times a week for thirty months while they are
sleeping,then they go on to a more advancedlesson.Sleep-teachingis the most powerful force of all time in
social education.The child's mind becomesthese suggestionsand the total of these suggestionsis the child's
mind. And not only the child's mind. The adult's mind too, all his life long. The mind that thinks and desires
and decides.But all thesesuggestionsare our suggestions!'TheDirector almost shoutedin his enthusiasm.
'Suggestions
from the State.
(Extractfrom:.BraueNeu,s
Worldby NdousHuxley,PenguinReaders,
Level6)
5
a Workin A/Bgroups.
Lookat thewords/
phrases
findthe
in thetable.Usinga dictionary,
pronunciation,
following:
b) the
a)themeaning,
c) an example
sentence.
GROUPA
GROUPB
to whisper
to mumble
to shriek
to interrupt
to blurtout
to speakyourmind
to be lost for words
to havea word with
fu InA/B pairs,telleachotherthemeaning,
pronunciation
foreach
andexample
sentence
word/phrase.
formof
a Complete
thequoteswiththecorrect
fromEx.5.
thewords/phrases
'l told a colleague
that I d beenusingone
Readthe text againandwritethe question
for eachof theseanswers.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
werewhispering
Because
the loudspeakers
'Silence'.
Whywerethe students walking quietly
along the corridor?
andthe
Theyheardchitdren
breathing
soundof quietvoicestalking.
Theylookedheatthy
with pinkfaces.
to be able
Because
he wantedthe students
weresaying
to hearwhatthe loudspeakers
to the children.
Eosilons.
Betas.
35otimes.
Whenthey'rethirtymonthsold.
It meansthatthe childlearnsto thinkin
exactly
thewayhe/sheis taught.
Thefactthatthe suggestions
area[[
controlted
by himandthe State.
Discuss.
Whatdo youthinkof the extract? How
doesit makeyou feel?
z Whatkindof worlddoesthe bookdescribe?
Doyouknowof anyotherbooksor films
thatdeoictfuturistic
worlds?
3 Doyouthinkthat peoplein ourworldare
conditioned
to do certainthings?
r
CDsto helpdealwithmy
of thoseself-hetp
with
stress.
Then,in the middteof a meeting
he suddenly
someothercolleagues,
|
l-everything
I'dtold him.Honestly,
I didn'tknowwhatto say.'
wasso shocked
'l wentto the cinemalastweekend
andthe
peoplebehindmewere
to eachother
throughout
thewhotefitm.Theydidn'tseemto
else.
everyone
noticethattheywereannoying
themandthey
In the end,my friend
stopped,
but by thattimethe fitmwasnearly
over.'
'My cousinhasbeenstaying
with mefor the
3
quite
irritating.
lastweek.I mustsayshe's
She'sreallyloudandeverytimeI sayanything
Theotherthing
withlaughter.
she_
peoplewhen
shedoesis constantly
ldon't
they'rein the middleof a conversation.
meanto be horriblebut I'ttbe realtygladwhen
shegoes!'
'l did my firstpresentation
at workyesterday
+
andit wasOK.Butat theendoneof my
colleagues
told methat I hadbeenandhe couldn'treallyhearme.He'sthe kindof
personwhoisn'tafraidto
andI wasa
it'susefulfeedback
bit upsetat first.I suppose
though.'
b
Listenand checkyour answers.
from
Choosethreeof the words/phrases
Ex.5a.Te[[your partneraboutdifferent
situationsin whichyou or someoneelsespoke
in eachoftheseways.
Grammar
8
(z)
| rystructures
a Matchthe examples
r-3 withthe correctusesA-Cin theActive
grammar
box.
t lf porentsolwoysspeoktwolonguoges
to theirchildren,they
becomebilinguol.
1O Wtrattype of conditionat
is
eachsentence?
Correctthe
grammarmistakein each
one.
r
z
3 lf I wono lot of money,l'd giveup myjob.
k Nowmatchexamples
D-F.
4-6 withthe correctmeanings
a lf shehodstudiedharde\shewouldbe ot universitynow,
5 lf she n't studyoshardosshedoes,shewouldhavefailedthe
t.
6 lf he hodmemorised
his verbs,he wouldn'thavefailedthetest.
3
'
4
t:r;ii
5
Active g'rammar
Uses
A Firstconditional:
to talk aboutfuturepossibitity
B Secondconditional:
to talkaboutpresentor futureunrealor
imagined
situations
c Zeroconditional:
to talkaboutthingsthatalwayshappen
D Thirdconditional:
to talkaboutpastunrealsituations
with a
pastresult
A mixedconditional:
with an 'f clause',referringto the past
anda mainclausereferringto the present/future
F A mixedconditional:
with an 'f clause',referringto the
Person to person
present/future
and a mainclausereferringto the past
1 1 W h i c ho f t h es e n t e n c ei ns
Ex.ro applyto youor do you
thinkaretrue?Tella partner.
Modalverbs(con,could,might,etc.)canbe usedin First,
Second,
Thirdand mixedconditionals
insteadof will andwould.
Form:
a)
b)
c)
participle
d)
e)
I
= f+ PresentSimple,
nzil/+infinitive
= lf + PastSimple,would+ infinitive
= f+ PastPerfect,wouldhave+ past
= f + Present
Simple,Present
Simpte
= lf + PastPerfect,would+ infinitiveORf +
l f I h a dm o r et i m e ,I ' l l g o
andstudyEngtish
abroad.
parents
lf
shoutedat their
children,
theybecome
aggressive.
| speakEngtish
fluently
nowif I'd learnedit as a
chitd.
| usuallyremember
providedI'll
vocabulary,
writeit down.
lf you'llrepeata word
enoughtimes,you'il
probabty
remember
it.
lf l'd attendedmore
lessons,
I wouldpassedmy
exams.
I d havea betterjob if I
passedmy exam.
lf a studentreadsbooksin
English,
his/hervocabulary
improved.
eaking
I
LZ a" Lookat thesentences
in
Ex.ro.Whichof themcould
be:
1 regrets
z resolutions
r"'*:l::::
.*,.!"i,:1_!:\:::;::::::,::l1'*,,''*'*,*,.*,,::...*,,',
fo Thinkaboutyour
a Lookat the rulesof forma-e in theActivegrammar
boxand
writethecorrect
typeof conditional
nextto eachone.
b Lookat the examples
andchoosethe correctalternatives
from
rulesrandzbelow.
lf youtalk to babiesa lot, theywill leornto speakquickly.
Providedyoutolk to bobieso lot, theywill learnto speokquickly.
youtalkto babiesa lot, theywon't leornto speakquickly.
Unless
t unless/provided
hasa similarmeaning
to f.
z unless/provided
meansif not.
pogeq3
seeReference
i:
language
learning
or your
school/work
[ife.Makea
noteof oneor twoof your
regrets
andyourresolutions
usingffstructures.
*: Compare
yourlistswith a
partner.
Haveyougot anyof
thesameresolutions?
I
I
misspe[twords
Ccmnqsnly
*" Discussthesequestions.
7
3
Howmanybasicspelling
rulesdo youthink
therearein Engtish?
a twenty-five
b sixty
c ninety
Howmanydifferent
waysdo youthinkthere
arefor spelling
thesoundi i:/?
a at leastfive
b at leasteight
c at leasttwelve
Whatdo you thinktheSpellingSocietyin
Britainwantsto do?
English
a simptify
spetling
b encourage
correctspetting
go
rules
c backto old spelling
mistakes
in the
spetling
a Findther8 common
e m a i l a n cdo r r e ct ht e m .
Deor Emine
! 1 , H o wo r e y o u ? I , n h o v i n g o g r o t e t i m e .
A11 the people l,ve met hove been verv
genrous. 0f course, I,m sti11 o forieier
here ond it felt wierd ot first, but I'm
b e g i n i n g t o f e e l m o r e o t h o m en o w . T h e
wether is definotely very changoble _ ana
it roins o 1oil So thot feels like homel
I ' v e n o w g o t m y o c c o m o d o t i o ns o r t e d o u t .
there cor.
f'm going to send o seperote emoil to Mum
and Dad. But soy ,hi' to Murot from me.
I'11 write ogoin soon.
Readthe text and checkyour answers.
Lots of 1ove, Meliso
in
Thereareninetybasicspellingrules
* Comparewith a partner.Do you agree?
4
he,keY,ski, debris,quaY'
Listenand saywhichof these
ia
questionsthe studentdoesN0Ttalk about.
r Whyis it important
to spetlaccurately?
z Whyis it difficutt
in Engtish?
to spetlaccurately
you
particularty
tike
Are
there
any
words
that
3
or dislikethe spelting
of?
4 Whataresomeof thewaysyouuseto
remember
howto spetlwords?
fu Discussthe questionswith otherstudents.
*
Choosethe correctspellingfor eachpairof
words?
beleive/believe
intetligen
ce/inte[[iga
nce
subconscious/
subconsious
psych
pyscho
o[ogist/
togist
dout/doubt
existan
ce/existence
successfu
[/successfulI
responsabitity/responsibitity
Life1*rzg Learmimg
Spellingtest
Canyouaddanymoretipsto this[ist?
. usea dictionary
to checkspelting
. keepa notebook
of wordsyoufinddifficult
to spell
. choosetenwordsto learnhowto spellevery
week.Aska friendto testyou.
. usea computer
spell-check
oe5 yourmindwork?
Discuss.
r Whatdoyouknowabouteachof thepeople
in
theohotos?
z Whose
approach
to tifedoyouthinkis most
yours?
similar
to
Inwhatways?
2
4 Whenyou'rein a group,whichoneof theseare
youmosttiketyto do?
wonderwhatotherpeoplearethinking
be the 'entertainer'who
keepsthe moodhigh
speakon behatfofthe group
takecontrolof anymoneyor numberissues
keepthe groupfocussedon reachingits goal
a Dothequizandmakenotesaboutyourown
answers.
Usetheideasin theboxesandyour
ownideas.
you?lf
describe
5 Doanyof thesestatements
not,writeonewhichdoes.
b Nowdo thequizwithyourpartner
andmake
a noteof his/heranswers.
r Whatwouldyoumostliketo spend
yourtime
doingwhenyou're
onhotiday?
I enjoydancing.
I tiketryingto figurepeopleout.
I tiketellingstories.
I'm interested
in science.
I enjoya gooddiscussion.
playingsports doingnothing
readinga goodbook doinga puzzlebook
talkingto localpeople
6 Whichof thesejobswouldyou [iketo do
most?
z Whenyou'relearning
whichof
a [anguage,
theseappeals
to youmost?
grammaticaI
analysing
rules
speaking
withoutworryingaboutmistakes
yourself
immersing
totallyin the country
wherethe languageis spoken
r
Whichoneof thesewouldyoube mostkeen
on doingas partof yourwork?
workingtogetherin a team
writinga storyor poem
doingscientifi
c research
practicat beingoutdoors
doingsomething
politician artist iournalist lawyer
psychologistteacher astronaut nurse
3
yournoteswiththedescriptions
Compare
on
page15o.Thendiscuss
thesequestions.
r Which
description
doyouthinkyouaremost
tike?
Whichdescription
do youthinkyourpartner
most[ike?
Doyouandyourpartnerthink/learn
in a
similaror a different
wav?
Reflex
e pronouns
Singular: myself/yourself/himself/h erseIftrtself
Ptural: ourselves
/yourselves/th emselves
pronouns
to tatkaboutactions
Weusereflexive
andobiectarethesameperson.
wherethesubiect
of
to the grammar
pronounis essential
Thereftexive
andwouldnotmakesensewithoutit.
thesentence
I cutmyselfwhileI wascooking.
pronouns
for emphasis,
Wecanalsousereflexive
or thing,andnobodyor
whenwe mean'thatperson
pronoun
is
else'.Inthiscase,thereflexive
nothing
but
of thesentence, is
to thegrammar
notessentiat
addedfor emphasis.
Theybuilt thathousethemselves.
Gerunds and infinitives
structures.
Someverbsarefollowedby particular
common
most
the
of
verbsaresome
Thefollowing
onesfor eachstructure.
consider,
enioy,avoid,imagine,
Verb+ gerund:
carryon,suggest
invotve,
finish,miss,practise,
Doesthejob involveworkingin theevenings?
hope,
want,seem,offer,decide,
Verb+ infinitive:
promise,
refuse,manage
afford,agree,arrange,
Heofferedto givemeo lift into town.
persuade,
convince,
Verb+ object+ infinitive:
advise
allow,
encourage,
herto workashardasshecould.
I encouraged
- with a different
Verb+ gerundORverb+ infinitive
go on
stop,
try,
regret,
remember,
meaning:
I stoppedtolkingto Sam.(l wostalkingto Samand
thenI stopped)
I stoppedto tolk to Sam.(l stoppedwhatI wosdoing
ondstartedtalkingto Sam)
generally
have
sentences
or conditional
f structures
'if
or
second.
first
cancome
The ctause'
two clauses.
Whenthe 'if clause'is first,we needa commaat the
endof theclause.
to talkaboutfuture
UsetheFirstConditional
or Present
Continuous
Simpleor Present
f + Present
i
n
g
o
ht
ay
Perfect,will/couId/shouId/mi /m /g g to +
or lmperative
Continuous
verbor Present
l'll seeyou
lf you'regoingto thepartytomorrow,
there.
or
to talkaboutpresent
Conditional
UsetheSecond
situations.
or imagined
futureunreaI
would/could/
Continuous,
f + PastSimpte/Past
+ infinitive
should/mighf
He'd be much morehealthyif he ddn' : s'll!a{€Usethe Third Conditiona[to talk about past umefl,
situationswith a pastresult.
f + Past Perfect,would hove/couldhovehlpt#
hove/mighthave + past particiPle
tf you hodn't beenso rude,he wouldn't have walkd
out.
to talk aboutthingsthat
Usethe ZeroConditional
happen.
always
f + PresentSimpte,PresentSimPte
lf you heat ice,it melts.
UseMixedConditionals:
with an 'f clause'referringto the pastand a main
clausereferringto the present/future
'A + infinitive
f + PastPerfect,would (or
lf we hadn't missedthe plane,we'd be in Spainnow.
with an 'if clause'referringto the present/futureand
a mainclausereferringto the Past
lf you didn' t want to cometo the theatretomorrow,I
wouldn't hovebotheredgettingyou a ticket.
We can use modalsin the First,Second,Thirdand
MixedConditionals.
lf you seeJames,you should invite him to the party.
lf t had studied harder,I might havepossedmy exam.
Key voc
ulary
Thepowerof the mind
the powerof
mindovermatter,
wittpower,
to havea feeling
persuasion,
to havea premonition,
your
to
of d6ii vu,to trustyourintuition, sixthsense,
(fears)
subconscious
beunconscious,
Beliefandopinion
to doubt,to haveyourdoubts
to suspect,
to reckon,
that,to havealwaysbelieved
about,to be scepticaI
to bein favourof,to beagainst
that,to beconvinced,
Advertising
break'
ad,commerciaI
classified
advertisement,
make,
slogan,
targetmarket,
marketing,
advertising,
hype
Speaking
to blurtout,to
to mumble,
to shriek,
to whisper,
to speakyourmind,to havea wordwith,to
interrupt,
be lostforwords
misspeltwords
Common[y
changeab[e,
betieve,
beginning,
accommodation,
great/
foreigner,
friend,
doubt,existence,
definitely,
g,
gence,
n
[i
brary'
interesti
grate,generous,
i nte[[i
responsibility'
psychologist,
occasiona[[y,
necessary,
successful,
subconscious,
separate,
restaurants,
weird,weather/whether
usuatly,
there/their/they're,
::a
ill
ril:
,:,t:".:
Complete
eachsentenceusingthe correctform
of a verbfromthe box.Usea reflexiveDronoun
wnerenecessary.
(behave)
Dogs_
verywell if you train
themproperty.
(bring)enoughmoney,I would
lf | _
havepaidfor yourdinner.
He'lImissthe beginning
of the fitmif he
(notarrive)soon.
(press)that button,you get
5 lf you
coldwater.
(you/do)if youlostyour
z What
passport?
(lie)on a beachnowif I'd booked
8 |_
that hotiday.
relax feel b{afie enjoy express meet r
hurt concentrateburn
They*re bl*rninq th*rasett;esf*r tl:e srddent, t:t:t
it v'tr:sn'ttheirfault"
r Don'ttouchthe iron.You'il
2 | _very
disappointed
whenI foundout
I'dfaitedmy drivingtest.
She's
a goodspeaker.
She_
very
3
clearly.
4 You'veworkedhardtoday.Youshoutdsit down
and
now.
goneto the doctorbecause
he
5 Jack's
whilehe wasplayingfootballthis
morning.
6 My bossandI aregoingto _
for lunch
tomorrow.
7 Thankyou for the party.Wereatly
8 |
as hardas I couldon the maths
tesson,
but I stittcouldn'tunderstand
it.
6>
&
i hype d€t+w premonition slogan make
I interrupt shriek convince blurt intuition
I mumble reckon
f wassareI'd s*en h*r bef*re"! haCs str*fiq
f**iit';E *f rid!* vu.
r I'm
that recycling
is essentialfor
hetping
the environment.
z Don'tbelieve
all the
aboutthat new
good.
film.lt'snot much
3 Canyoulet mefinishwhatI'msayingwithout
meall thetime?
|_
he knowssomething
thathe'snot
t e l l i n gu s .
wasspoiltbecause
he
5 Thesurprise
out thewholeplanbeforeI couldstoohim.
6 Don'tworryaboutotherpeople.
Trustyour
anddo whatyouwant.
I don'treallycarewhat_
of jeansI wear
as longas they'recomfortable.
I'mnotgoingin a cartoday.I hada
aboutbeingin a caraccident.
Findthe mistakesin six of the sentences
and
correctthem.
Them*nsger *grcrd giving rny ffianeybsrk. -a i{}
{iiv*
Weencourage
al[students
doingsome
voluntarywork.
l'vearranged
visitingmy grandparents
on
Saturday.
I couldn'tavoidhittingthe dogas it ranout in
frontof my car.
I remember
to go to the parkeverydayafter
schoolwhenI wasa child.
Hepersuaded
mejoiningthe newgymwith
ntm.
6 Myteachersuggested
to learnten new
spe[[ings
everyweek.
willyoustoptalkingfor a minute.
7 Please
8 Headvised
to haveus an earlynightbeforethe
exam.
Completethe sentences
with the correctform
of the wordsin the box.Threeof the words
c a n n ob
t eused.
r
rJ
Findthemisspelt
wordsin sixof thesentences
andcorrect
them.
7
2
&
Complete
the sentences
with the correctform
of the verbsin brackets.
Thereis sometimes
morethan one correctanswer.
if we rian't ga cnd seeJan*,she
{be}re*tiy
ups*t"ior.".she nigfutbe .".)
(notgo)to bedlatelastnight,
r lf you
youwouldn'tbe so tired.
(do)more
z You'dfeela lot betterif you
exercise.
3
4
5
6
7
8
I'l[definately
seeyoutomorrow
evening.
Finding
cheapaccomodation
in Londonis very
difficult.
Havingchildren
is an enormous
responsability.
yesterday.
Wewentto a greatnewrestaurant
Couldyou putthe sandwiches
in seperate
bagsplease?
Haveyouseentherenewhouse?
I can'tbelievehowrudethewaiterwas!
My sisteris an extremely
sucessful
designer.
.::-
1.i
',,.'.i.
.
!--
St u d e nBt
StudentB
5160 per personper n ght
Dakha Oasisisabout85OkmfromCairoThehotelis
situated
at the top of pinkc1iffs
wh ch surroundthe oasis
belowWithinthe oasis,
therearebeartifuif eldsand
gardens
fuilof grapes,
ol ve trees,datepalms,figs,apricots
andcitrusfruitsBeyondthe oass,therearethe incredible
s a n dd u n e so f t h e S a h a rD
aeserr
Dakhlahas32 aryeroomsal with privatebathroomsThe
Tooms
aTesimplybut tasteful/y
furnished
in the localstye
Theyal havefansandalsoheaters
for the coldwinter
nightsSomeroomshavea terracewith spectacular
v ews
ofthe nearbymountainrangeTherestaurant
serves
d e i c i o u so c a f o o dl n c l u d i ntgh et r a d i t i o n a l ' f a l a f e l l
a ' i ' : : i . , ' . ' . a .t .. , 1 a : , . , ; - j ' i : _ ' .
Explanation
T h ea i r p l a nw
e a so n t h eg r o u n dw h e nh e l e a p t .
lherearecame tripsandwa kingtoursavailable
from
halfa dayto 3-plusdaysThesego across
the sanddunes
o f t h e d e s e rat n da s o u p i n t ot h e m o u n t an s T h eg u i d e s
wil helpyou setup the tentsand prepare
a delrcious
barbecue
dinneron the campfire
wlth homemadebread,
b a k e di n t h e s a n d
Cornmunieation
Com
uni*aticn
a,etivitiee
* i [x" 4, page3o
Le*g{ ?3r#.n t' { "2.
z"* a&*z 4
asthe
Whois/aredescribed
in the fitm?
hero(es)
positive
generatly
z ls the reviewer
aboutthefilm?
or negative
r
or Online Learning
BSc Business Studies: Full-time,Part-time
online
a flexible mode of study which allowsyou to combine
learning with university-basedstudy'
candidatewho is
We offer excellentfacilities and tuition to the
full potentiai'
committed to taking initiative and studying to his/her
or'erseasstudents'
Many placesavailablefor mature studentsand
For more information and to apply'contact:
Ms. A. Owen,
London Centre for BusinessStudies,
22 ()ower Road, London, NW3
nurse. Half the course is classroomor privatestudy and
the remainingtime is practice-basedRight from the start,
students will be working with patients,with appropriate
support,and this will involveworkingsome evenings,nights
and weekends.The trainingwill be demanding.However,the
potentialpersonalrewardscan also be great.
You will neredto haveschool-leaving
qualifications
and to be
at least17 yearsold at the startof the course.
Lesmosa4.* i [x. z, page54
:i!Ej,i.,n{F}-d
ffi&ffiY
}}#-€-}","4.E:A
a reviewby AndrewMansfield
in 2004,was
ThefilmTroy,made
lliad,an epicwork
inspiredby Homer's
ago.
writtenover28 centuries
originally
horrors
and
the
lliaddescribes
Homer's
film,
brutalityof war.In thismodern-day
directorWolfgangPetersen
however,
takesa differentlookat the story
- throughthe eyesofthe realpeople
experience.
caughtup in a terrifying
suchrealism,
ln orderto achieve
choseto focuson the people,
Petersen
(playedby
the ragingAchilles
especially
Hector
the
honourable
BradPitt)and
(EricBana).There
is muchhistorical
of Troy
recreations
detail,impressive
andthe woodenhorseandmore
arealsosome
than2,000'extras'.There
but the story
battlescenes
spectacular
e n dh u m a n .
r e m a i nisn t i m a t a
and Peter
BothBradPittasAchilles
asKingPriamhavehuge
O'Toole
presence
on the screenbut it is
EricBanaasHectorwho isbrilliant
throughoutthe film.Withhisnobility
Banaisfar more
andgentleauthority,
andfar moreheroicthan
convincing
anyoneelse.Hisfinalconfrontation
isoneof the film'smost
with Achilles
importantmoments- the mostthrilling
fightof all.
Thefilm islongandit hashadits
criticisms.
Somepeopledon'tapprove
betweenHomer's
of the differences
'original'and
whatisshownhere.Butto
my mind,althoughHomerwrotestories
basedon truth,we don'tknowthe real
filmTroyisanotherlookat
truth.The
on the
And by focussing
thosestories.
love
story
of
this
epic
humanangleof
has
andwar,in my opinionPetersen
film.
craftedan impressive
himto helPherendit all.
S t a r r a t i n g*: ' & # ' #
(Maximum
*****)
**
"4l2ffi"*ezi*zi. #,xT;:#Ez*#
Lesson S.1 I Ex.s, page35
Cc
Student
A
Youloveyourcreaturecomforts
Place:Verona,
ltaly
(Juliet's
Background:
Caputets
family)and
(Romeo's
Montagues
famity)aretwo families
with
long-standing
historyof fightingeachother
Monday:
RomeoandJulietgetmarried
Wednesday:
Romeofindsout aboutJulietandthinkssheis dead
RomeokitlsParis
Romeothendrinkssomepoisonandkittshimself
Youloveyourholidays
butyou prefera touchof home
yougo.Creature
wherever
comforts
meana lot to you.
Trelcking
throughthe desertwitha camelfor company
is probabty
notyourideaof a greathotiday.
Youprefera
complete
restandlotsof sun.
Youlovea touchof adventure
H3?i##,6i#ffi # i'y-]..;;:t.t;..;u:i:6
You're
a bit of an adventurer
comoared
to some
holidaymakers.
Youhatelyingaroundsunbathing,
but prefer
something
different,
suchas white-water
rafting.However,
youalsopreferto sleepin a nicebedin a goodhoteIaftera
hardday'sadventure.
Youloveto be independent
Co
u:rication
g | [x. z, pageras
3 Explanation
Hewasridinga horsecalled"Friday"...
You're
a trueindependent
travetter
who probably
avoids
package
hotidays
andis rarelyseenon a Greel<
islandor
the CostadelSot.Youloveexploring
far-ftung
countries
and
mixingwiththe locals.
Andyou'veprobabty
gotcupboards
ful[of photosandinteresting
souvenirs.
You'rea realexplorer
- a real
Youhavethe spiritof a Stanley
or Livingstone
explorer
wholovesto getlostin placeswhereno touristhas
gonebefore.
Youlovemeeting
the locats,
hatebumpinginto
anyonw
e h os p e a k ys o u rl a n g u a gaen dd o n ' tm i n ds l e e p i n g
in the openwiththe tocaIwitdtifefor company.
Lesson S"B I Ex.3, page4o
Student
A
l
The good old days?
In last week's edition, Oliver Hughes lamented the
'the
good old days'. According to him'
passing of
we now have identical high streets worldwide, local
cultures have been eroded and national identities have
all but disappeared.I, personally,couldn't believe how
negativehis article was' I strongly disagreewith almost
everything he said. Far from the uniformity he was
describing,we now live in a world of incredible diversity
and that can only be good.
In the o1ddays,we were far more stereotypedand more
pigeon-holed by our nationality or where we lived' You
were an Italian in Italy, you were expectedto be, like
'an
Italiad. The beauty of the new
and do things like
it can free people from the
that
is
view
international
tyftflrry of geography.Just because someone lives in
Francedoesnot mean they can only speakFrench,eat
French food and listen to French music.We can now
take it for granted that a Frenchman'or an American,
persontakesholidaysin Spainor Florida'
or aJapanese
eatssushior spaghettifor dinner and has friends from
aroundthe world.
I see this diversity and availability as an extremely
good thing. Look at things on a local level. Oliver
Hughes may think that every high street is the same'I
peoplefrom many differentcountriesmay
disagree.Yes,
recognisesome of the shopsbut I can now go down my
high street and I have choicel I can chooseto eat many
different typesoffood. I can alsobuy clothesfrom shops
originally from many different places:we've got shops
Llke Zara from Spain and Muji from Japan, as well
as countlessbrands from all over the world. Far from
havinglimited choice;the choiceis almostendless.
There is no doubt that in some ways the world is
becoming more uniform but the significance of this
uniformity is often exaggerated.Different cultures
remain and we can chooseto be the sameor different'
The truth is that we increasinglydefine ourselvesrather
than let othersde{ineus. Being Italian or American or
Polish doesnot define who you are:it is part ofwho you
are.It seemsto me that most peoplewant the best of
both worlds - old and new. Admit it, Oliver Hughes!
Most of us want to haveour cakeAND eat it, dodt we?
And maybewe canl
Paul Hodge, London E5
' ;r.r ...i,1.JV;1-ie';";
.:.
, - , t \ - - r i- : : - -
St u d e nBt
"-
i : . . ; . . ' 1i :,a y ) *4 t :
I readOliver Hughes'article'Thegoodold days'lastweek
with interest.Despite making some sensiblepoints' to
my mind his argument is wildly oversimplified in saying
that the old dayswere better.A1l too often nowadays,we
heartheseblack and white opinionsabout'globalisation''
In my opinion, it's a gtey areaand there are important
benefits aswell as someinevitable downsidesaswe move
curry from India, but for some, it's even better' Even
brandedgoodsareoften changedto suit localtastes'with
M.Donald's selling beer in France,lamb in India' and
of musical types.And alongsidethis incredible diversity
now availableacrossthe world, in most countries' local
artists still top the charts. So, local tastes are alive and
well, AND evenmore variety is being created'
Another point which Mr Hughes failed to convince me
about was about English'taking over the world'as he put
it. I dont think so! I agreethat huge numbersof people
now speakEnglish:around380 million peoplespeakit as
their first languageand another 250 million or so astheir
second.However' in many cases'a new type of English
has been created.Many people across the world now
speaka'global English which facilitatescommunication
in an *"r-shrinking' ever-more commercial world'
People certainly dorit want a single world language,but
global languagehas major advantagesfor
u n.*.o*-on
chilli in Mexico.
As far as I can see,the sameis true of music'According
to Oliver Hughes, all we ever listen to now is bland
American-influenced music. I know for a fact that the
evidencedoes not back this up. Latin American salsa'
createdall the time.
Btaz1!\anlambada, and African music are all popular
Mr. L. Bishop, Near Manchester
throughout the wodd' as well as a massiveintermixing
*raz:zzr{z*..:,l!*:*ti*::"
* i 1x. 2. {iez*,1>^*
4 Exptanation
Because
Bobbywasonly9 monthsotd...
3-,*gg*g: ,4..X 1 t:'...;1,{:*gr: r,t
S t u d e nAt
Torelaxandprevent
in yourhandsandwrists.
tensionbuitd-up
firmtyfor
r Withelbowsout,pushyourfingertips
together.Keeppressing
10seconds.
Relaxhandstogether
andrepeat.
z Tuckyourelbowsintoyoursides.Hotdyourhandsout in frontof you,
p a t m sd o w n B
. e g i n n i nwgi t ht h et h u m b sa n di n d e xf i n g e rtso u c h i n gf l,i c k
eachfingerawayin turn.Thenreverse
backfromthe titttefingers.
your
Keeping
on yourdesk,fingerssoftandrelaxed.
3 Restyourforearms
so
Iitttefingersin contactwiththe desk,rollyourhandsoutwards
t h a t b o t hp a t m sf a c et h ec e i l i n gT.h e nr o t l t h eh a n d si n w a r d s .
'1,,
L*sfri*;-l {:*.,
.:t 1 /:.2.'*, y:;:7;*
StudentB
Sunday:
fatherpromises
thatJuliet
Juliet's
(the
will marryParis
sonof the
Prince
ofVerona)
RomeoandJulietmeet,fa[[in love
anddecideto marry
Tuesday:
Jutietis totdshewitlmarryParisthe
nextday
'sleeping
potion'to
Jutiettakesa
pretendto be dead
Thursday:
Julietwakesup fromthe effectsof
t h e ' s l e e p i npgo t i o n '
Romeois deadand
Shediscovers
kittshersetf
Thetwo families
findtheirtwo
peacewith
children
deadandmal<e
eachother
ff*
,p;a-ivli)
unieati"oxr
tessclr l e.* 1[x.4,page5r
StudentB
Dothissittingor standing.
lt'sgreatfor stiffshoulders
andnecks.
a smalloetrolstationin Vancouver.
After
Iockingthe attendantin the toilets,they made
theirgetawaywith a few hundreddollars.
Comingfrom Edmonton,
theydidn'tknow
theirway aroundVancouverand twenty
minuteslatertheydroveup at the samepetrol
stationto askdirections.
Theattendant,
Mr. KarnailDhillon,having
justescapedfrom the toilets,wasalarmed
to seethe two robberscominginto the shop
again."Theywantedme to tell themthe way
to PortMoody,"he said."l guessthey didn't
recognise
me or the petrolstation."
He wasjustcallingthe policewhenthe pair
camebackagainto saythatthey couldn'tget
theircar to start.While theywerewaitingfor
a mechanic
to helpthem,the policearrived
and arrested
them.
Siton the edgeof yourchair,feetparallel,
flaton
theftoorandabout30 cm apart.
Putyourlefthandbehindyourback,palmoutwards.
Makeit go as highup between
yourshoutder
btades
asyoucan(useyourotherarmto hetpit up).
Breathe
in andraiseyourrighthandup to the
ceiling.
Thenrelaxa[[of yourrightsideasyou
breatheout.
in andstretchtowardsthe ceiling.
4 Breathe
Breathe
out anddropyourrighthanddownbehind
5
you to takehotdof the waitingleft fingers.Keep
shoulders
andelbowsback.
Hotdfor two breaths,
release
handsandrepeaton
the opposite
side.
Tip:lf youfindthatyoucannotreach,holda tie or belt
or scarfin thetop handandlet it hangdownso that
the lowerhandcancatchho]dof it. Trymovinghands
closertogetherusingit andyoushoutdimprove
the
looseness
of vourshoulders.
Lesson +.4 | Ex.na, page55
Student
A
Cc
r
umicmticm S i Ex.z, pagerz*
Explanation
Theteenagers
weretravelting
on the roadthat
crossed
the roadthatthe policeofficerwason.They
drovethrougha greenlight.
*r*
zzvzies,tzrsn
aetivities
L*sscn 4.L | [x. tob,pageso
Less*r? &.* | [x" *.3b,pag*8i
Student
A
buthey,I'mnewto
saidthatbefore,
l'msuresomeone's
theblogsoutthereand
through
this.I havebeenlooking
thattherewere
I knewtherewerelotsbutI didn'trealise
hours
lwasted
lotsandlotsandlotsandlotsandlots.
to, I
meant
hadn't
todaygoingthroughsomeof them.I
is
thing
gone.
The
justiradn'tnoticed
howthetimehad
to
easy
it's
and
blogs
that mostof themhavelinksto other
people
out
these
all
though,
getcarried
away.lt'scurious
YvtatanEeotgdge
andwriteit down.Butwhyputit up ontheweb?lt'shard
seemto usethemasa
thatone.Somepeople
to answer
or to stay
up-to-date
familylivingelsewhere
wayof keeping
just
who
me
like
buttherearemany
in iouchwithfriends,
who
anyone
for
outintocyber-space
throwtheirthoughts
them.l'msurethatthisisa greattoptc
feelslikereading
whattheythink?
I wonder
everywhere;
for psychoanalysts
'10:37
pm
l3th at
February
Sunday
Posted:
C*
aer:ieati*n
r . , : , i ir t . : . ::.: - , S t a y i n a C O m f O r t a b l e
bungalow with a vera,nda as well as bedroom,
sltting room and bathroom. There are fans
but no air conditioning. Mea,ls are served in
our ma,in building - half board including tasty
Mexican breakfast and 4-course ca,ndle-]it
dinnen There is a lot ofdellcious fresh food and
seafood available. There is also a bar, a games
room and a swimming pool for you to enjoy.
I
:r,:; : r.;; i-it' . rs A variety of tours are available
irlcluding bird watching tours, trips to the
famous caves j-rrthe a,rea and moonlight safaris.
There is a,lso a sma,il Natural Hisbory Museum,
offering an overaJl view ofthe flora and fauna
sr:ffounding bhe hotel.
* I Ex..z, fiagetz&
5 Explanation
Themanhadiustbeencuredof deafness,
andthe
ringingphoneis finalproofthatit hasbeena success.
Fr*get:n 4.*
| Ex..za,page5r
jump
Standing/Basic
C*
uni.*ati*n
3"* I Y.x."3,{:*{,t:3.raz
Typesof thinl<ers/learners
Linguistic:
Theytiketo thinkin wordsandusecomptex
ideas.Theyaresensitive
to the different
soundsand
meanings
of wordsandenjoythe process
of learning
a
foreignlanguage.
TheParkourRoll
Logical-mathematical:
patterns
Theytiketo understand
andthe relationships
between
things.Theyaregood
at thinkingcritically
andprobtem-solving.
Theyliketo
anatyse
andunderstand
the rules.
Interpersonal:
Theytiketo thinkaboutotherpeopleand
areoftenpeacemakers.
Theyareawarethatdifferent
peoplehavedifferentviewson lifeand probabtyhave
[otsof friends.
Wallflip - NOTfor beginners
Existential:
Theytiketo spendtimethinkingabout
philosophicaI
issuesanddon't[iketo be bothered
with
triviaIquestions.
Theyarealwaysaskingquestions
provoking
discussions
anddebates.
Kinaesthetic:
Theyliketo thinkin movements
andfind
it difficutt
to sit stitIfor tong.Theyareinterested
in
fitnessandhealthandtheylearnbestwhentheyare
physicatty
involved.
Lesson 9.1 | Ex.rr, page12o
Co
unication
4 | Ex.r, page58
Lesson 23 | Ex.11,pagezB
Howto play
r
Ptayin groupsof 3-5.
Makea setof fifteenquestion
cardsfor the
gameusingthe topicsor grammar
fromthis
unit.
Haw
uld you feel about doing
be in dangerT
uld you bet a large amount of
Internetandcomputer
expertwanted.
you
Can helpthisbusyInternet
caf6?
Areyougoodwithcomputers?
Doyouknowaboutthelatestdevelopments
in Internet
technology?
Canyoucommunicate
wellwithall kindsof customers?
lf youaretherightperson
forus,wewillofferyou
a goodsalaryandfreeuseof all facilities.
Writeto:JennyKeaton,
PepeNet
Caf6,
2 Alexandra
Cardens,
Brighton,
BNI gBC
Eachplayerputsa counteron the Start.
Whenit'syourturn,takea question
card
andanswerthe question.
lf youmanage
to answerwe[[andkeepspeaking
for at
leastoneminute,throwthe diceandmove
forward.
lf not,leaveyourcounterin the
sameplaceanddon'tmove.Afteryou
throwthe diceandmove,if you [andon a
go up it andif you [andon a rope,
ladder,
go downit.
Thewinneris the playerwho reaches
the
Finishfirst.
Co
unication
I I Ex.z, pagerz8
z Explanation
Thewaterin the riveronlycameup to the
man'schest
for socialqctivities
person
to
for anenthusiastic
is looking
school
language
OurEnglish
programme'
activities
social
ourbusy
helporganise
and
butyoudo needto be energetic
Youdon'tneedexperience
Youalsoneedto havea goodlevelof English.
sociable.
withhoursto suityou'Goodratesof payto be
Thejob is part-time
to the
courses
onourEnglish
Wealsooffera discount
negotiated.
candidate.
successful
Schoolof English,
Oakwood
Writeto: TheSecreiary,
M607TP
16 BridgeStreet,Manchester,
.;
Dickens'third
wasCharles
novel.lt wasfirst
Nickleby
Pubtished
in 1839,Nicholas
otherversions
sincethen.Like
madeintoa filmin 947 andtherehavebeenvarious
Nickleby
showshisoutrageat crueltyandsocial
manyof Dickens'novels,
Nicholos
talentfor comicwriting.
hisextraordinary
injustice,
butit alsoreveals
Nickleby
andhismotherandsister,
are
Following
thedeathof hisfather,Nicholas
is
rich
but
very
mean
The
film
Ralph
who
and
cruel.
takenintothecareof hisuncle
to survive.
describes
whathappens
to Nicholas
andhisfamilyastheystruggle
Lool<
at thepictures
andreadtheinformation
Thenanswer
above.
thequestions.
Haveyou readanybooksby Chartes
Dickens?
lf so.te[[otherstudents
aboutthem.
Whodo youthinkthe characters
arein the
pictures?
is
Whatdo youthinkthe connection
between
them?
Watchthe film extractand answerthe questions.
r
z
3
4
5
6
7
Whatnewsis in the letterthatUncleRalph
receives?
WhodoesUncleRatphgo to see?
WhatadvicedoesUncleRalphgiveto Mrs
Nickteby?
Whatdid MrsNickteby
hopefor?
WhatdoesRalphwantKateto do?
Whatjob doesRatphpropose
for Nicholas?
gets
WhatdoesRalphsayhe wittdo if Nicholas
the position?
Worl<in pairs.Discusswhatyou thinl<happens
nextin the film.Tellanotheroairof students
your ideas.
Discuss.
r
Whichof thewords/phrases
in the boxbetowdo you
jobs,andwhy?
associate
withthe following
o a model
. a photographer
o a fashiondesigner
creativeglamorous hardworl< highly-paid
lonely pressurisedprivilegedself-disciplined
self-motivated
z Doyouthinkyoumightenjoydoinganyof thesejobs?
Why/Whynot?
(thefashiondesignerin the
: LindsayPressdee
bottomphoto)hasbeenrunningherown business
since1995.Watchthe film extractand put the things
she mentionsin the correctorder.
do a degreein fashion
set up business
on herown
carrya notebool<
around
havelotsof Saturdayjobs
showherdesignsat a tradeshow
havea glamoroustifestyle
earnlessmoneythanherfriends
dealdirectlywith largedepartment
stores
makeclothesfor herCindydotts
I
T
tr
T
r
T
T
T
T
'.
W h i c ht h i n gd o e ss h e N O Tm e n t i o n ?
Discuss.
Whatis yourimpression
of howLindsay
feelsabout
beinga fashiondesigner?
Lindsay
says:'l feeIveryprivileged
that I getto do
whatI wantwithmy life.'What
doesshemean?Have
youeverfetttikethataboutyourjob or something
you'vedone?Giveexamples.
D oy o uo r d o e sa n y o n yeo uk n o wh a v ea ' d r e a m
career'?
Whatis it andwhatis so goodaboutit?
l n w h i c ho t h e rj o b sd o y o ut h i n ki t m i g h tb e a n
advantage
to be young?
TheSeventhVoyageof Sinbodwas
madein 1958,andtellsthestoryof
Tosave
thelegendary
saitor,
Sinbad.
a princess
froman evilwizard,
Sinbad
fight
must
severalfabulousmonsters,
createdby specialeffectsexpertRay
Harryhausen.
Thefitmis regarded
greatestworkand
as Harryhausen's
despitetheageof thefilm,thespecial
effectsarestitlspectacular.
Ben-Hurwas
madein ry59 andwasthe first
filmeverto win elevenOscars.
lt is based
on a biblical
Heston
storyandstarsCharlton
asthe Prince
by a
ofludea.Heis enslaved
yearslater
Roman
friend,butthenreturns
to seekrevenge.
Theclimaxis a chariotrace
whichis oneof the mostthrilling
in
scenes
film history.
Lool<
at the film postersand readthe
information
aboutthem.Then,discussthese
questionswith otherstudents.
Haveyouseenanyof thesefitms?lf so,what
d i dy o ut h i n ko f t h e m ?
z A[[threefilmsareadventure
films.Canyou
thinkof anyotheradventure
films?Generalty,
do youtikethiskindof fitm?Why/Whynot?
3 Doyou haveanyfavouritetypesof fitm?What
arethey?Giveexamples.
r
,tr,r'o,r'u{ffi,n *orto
WYITRS
\A/ILLI,{,\,T
Lookat the tistof people,scenesandquotes
from TheSeventhVoyageof Sinbad and BenHur.Workin pairs.Whichfilm do you think each
onecomesfrom?
r ' K i l tK! i t t h i m ! '
z ' ...a shoutof freedom...'
TheLordof the Ringstrilogy(zoor-zoo3)
is basedon the booksof J.R.R.Totkien
and
directed
by PeterJackson.
An ancientring,
whichhadbeen[ost,is found.lt endsup in
the possession
of the Hobbit,Frodo,
who
journey
go
thenmust on a dangerous
to
destroy
the ring.Theseareepicfilmswith
incredible
speciaI
effects
thathugelydeserve
theirnumerous
Oscars.
3
+
s
6
7
8
9
ro
horsesandchariots
a beautifuI
womancaltedEsther
t h ed a n c eo f t h e ' C o b r a - w o m a n '
a fire-breathing
dragon
t h u n d ear n dt i g h t n i n g
mensittingon a raftin the sea
menfightingon the deckof a ship
slaveswalkingacrossa mountain
;3 Watchthe film trailersand checkyouranswers.
.*
J3
Discuss.
r
Whichof thetwo filmsappeals
to youmost?
whv?
preferotdor newfitms?Why?
z Doyougenerally
3 Doyoupreferto watchfilmsat the cinemaor
Why?
on TV/DVD?
4 Whatis the bestfitmyou'veseenrecently?
Whydo youlikeit?
filmof all time?Whydo
s Whatis yourfavourite
vou likeit so much?
IeQ
Matcheachphototo one of the paragraphs
r-4 below.
r America's
mostfamousflyergrewup in an environnrent
of
wealthandprivitege,
thanksto hergrandfather,
AtfredOtis.
Amelia,knownas Mitty,wastenyearsoldwhenshesawher
firstairplane
at the lowaStateFair,andsaidof it:
'lt wasa thing
of rustywireandwoodandnotat all
interesting
...'
passionate
z Ellen's
retationship
withsailingbeganwhenshe
waseightandsteppedaboardheraunt'sboatto go saiting
on the EastCoast.Fora smallchildgrowingup in [and-locked
- andit would
Derbyshire,
it wasan exciting
newexperience
turnintoa lifelong
obsession.
Overthe nextfewyears,Etlen
savedas muchmoneyas shecoutdto buyherfirstboat,a
2.5-metre
dinghy.
3 Hewasbornin t9t9 andgrewup in Auckland,
NewZealand.
It washerethathe became
interested
in mountain
ctimbing.
Atthough
he madehistivingas a beekeeper,
he ctimbed
m o u n t a i ni n
s N e wZ e a l a n dt h, e ni n t h eA l p s a
, n df i n a l t iyn
the Himalayas,
wherehe climbedelevendifferent
peaksof
over6ooometres.Bythistime,hewasreadvto confront
the
world'shighestmountain.
4 Bornon August5, t93oon hisgrandparents'farm
in Ohio,he
wasthe eldestof threechildren.
Hefellin lovewithairolanes
at the ageof sixwhenhe tookhisfirstflight.Heworkedat
jobsaroundtownandat the nearbyairportso he
numerous
coutdstarttakingflyinglessons
at the ageof fifteenandon
hissixteenth
birthdayhe wasissueda pilot's[icence.
Lool<
at the photosagainand discussthesequestionswith
otherstudents.
r Whoarethe people?
z Whatmadethemfamous?
whichyeardid eachpersondo the thing
3 In approximately
thatmadethemmostfamous?
Watchthe film extractaboutEllenMacArthur.
Whatis the
significance
of the foIlowing:
1 seventytwo days
z Kingfisher
Ocean
I the Southern
andtwentyvitaminpilts
4 6ooocalories
fifteen
minutes
5
Discuss.
Whatdo youthinkdrivesEltento breakthesesaiting
records?
z lf youweregoingon a longsolosaitingtripandyoucould
takeonespeciaI
book,onespecialCDandonespecial
thing
to eat- whatwouldthevbe?
r
WhoFramedRogerRabbit
ToyStory
Lookat the picturesand discussthe
questions.
Haveyouseenanyof the fitms?lf so,what
do youknowaboutthem?
z DoyouknowanyothercomPuterfilms?Dovoulikethiskindof
animated
filmin general?
r
a:3
Watchthe extractfrom HomeRoadMovie
below.
and completethe sentences
r Dadwasan experton -.
z Dadboughta carbecause
-.
by carwere- .
destinations
hotiday
Their
3
4 Daddrovethe carat - mPh.
s WhenDadforgotto changegear,the
children
usedto - .
6 AfterDadretired,he wouldspenda lot of
time
lefthometo - or - .
7 Thechildren
I Dad'slastiourneywason - .
Summarisewhat HomeRoadMovieis
Then,compareyour
aboutin one sentence.
to otherstudents'sentences.
sentence
Tellotherstudentsaboutyourfamity
summerholidayswhenyou werea chitd.
Werethey the sameeveryyearor were
they different?
Michael
Palinstartedhiscareer
in TVaspartof theteambehindthecomedy
seriesMontyPython.variousothercomedyprogrammes
andfilmsfottowed
including
thefilm,A Fishcalledwando.Morerecentty
he hasbecome
well-known
for his BBCtravelprogrammes.
Theseinclude
Aroundthe worldin go doys,pole
to Pole,saharoandHimalaya.
In this latestproject,hetravelsthe fu[ length
of the Himalaya
fromthePakistan-Afghan
frontier
throughIndia,Nepal,
Tibet
andYunnan
to china,beforere-crossing
themountains
to Assam,
Bhutanand
Bangladesh.
Thewholejourney
tooksixmonthsof hardtravelling
andheeven
metthe DalaiLamain Tibetwhorecognised
himfromhisMontypythondaysr.
Lookat the photosand readthe information
above.
r Areyou interested
in watchingtravelprogrammes
on TV?
Why/Whynot?
z A r ey o us u r p r i s et dh a tM i c h a e l P a lbi ne c a mae t r a v e l s h o w
oresenter?
3 Whatdo youthinkmakesa goodtravelshowpresenter?
t>
Howmuchdo you knowaboutBhutan?In pairschoosethe
correctalternatives
to completethe sentences.
r Bhutanis situatedbetween:
A C h i n a n dI n d i a
B C h i n a n dR u s s i a
peoplewear:
z MostBhutanese
A westernclothes
B Bhutannational
costume
isabout:
3 T h ep o p u l a t i oonf B h u t a n
A onemitlion
B fivemillion
Parkcoversabout:
4 NationaI
A 25o/o
of the country
B 45okof thecountry
The
Kingof Bhutansaysthe mostimportant
thingis:
5
A GrossNational
Product
B 'GrossNational
Happiness'
6 Bhutanhasmanyareasandbuildings
devoted
to:
A Hinduism
B Buddhism
in Bhutanhaveto paya minimumof:
7 Tourists
n $75a day
B gzooa oay
8 Themainlinkbetween
the eastandthewestis:
A a road
B a river
A FishCatted
Wanda
on Bhutan's
climateandcuttureis:
9 Themaininfluence
A the riversandsea
B the mountains
Watchthe film extractand checkyouranswers.
{$
Discuss.
r Didyouenjoywatching
thisextract?
Why/Whynot?Doesit
makeyouwantto watchmoreof thisseries?
z DoyouthinkMichaet
Palinis a goodtravelshow
presenter?
Why/Whynot?
in makingtravelprogrammes
I Wouldyou liketo be invotved
[ike
t h i so n e ?
to travelforsixmonthsas partof a travel
4 lf youhadthe chance
programme
likethis,wherewouldyougo andwhy?
;Jii;*':
yearsagoandcamefromDenmark,
TheVikings
Norway
livedoveronethousand
and
Sweden.
Theyweremostlyfarmers,
butsomeworkedascraftsmen
or traders.
The
Vil<ing
Age- or DarkAgesastheywereknown- beganin Britainaboutrzooyears
At thetimeof theinvasions,
agoin theSthcentury
Roandlastedfor3ooyears.
Britainwasmostlyinhabited
whowereterrifiedof thesefierce
by theAnglo-Saxons
people.
Therearepeoplein Britaintoday(andin Europe
andthe US)whoarefascinaldby
theVikings
andtheirwholewayof life.Manyof thesepeoplearemembers
of
'Re-enactment
Societies'
andtheyspendtheirsparetimelivingexactly
asthe
Vikings
did.Theygoto greatlengths
to beasaccurate
astheycanaboutevery
detailincluding
Although
somepeoplemayregard
clothes,
foodandbattles.
this
'Re-enactors'
it is a fantastic
typeof hobbyasexcessive,
for the
wayof spending
theirfreetime.
Lool<
at the picturesand discussthesequestionswith
otherstudents.
r Whatyou knowabouttheVikings?
z Whatdo youthinka 'Re-enactment
is?
Society'
€3
Readthe information
aboveand answerthesequestions.
r Whatdid you learnabouttheVikingsthatyoudidn'tknowbefore?
z Whatdo youthinkpeopleenjoyaboutbeingpartof a
' Re-enactment
Society'?
<5
€.}
Watchthe film extractand answerthe questions.
r
Whichof the reasons
belowfor doingthishobbyarementioned?
it's fun to dressup it bringshistoryto life it'sveryfriendly
it's a wayof mal<ing
money it's goodexercise
z Dothe re-enactors
try to hurteachotherwhentheyarefighting?
Why/Whynot?
for creating
theVikingvillage?
3 Whatarethetwo mainreasons
peopte
man
says
One
that
he
knows
some
who'...
seemto takeit
4
give?
bit
far.'What
a
example
doeshe
getthe costumes
Where
do
the
re-enactors
from?
5
6 Whatdoesthe blacksmith
sayaboutthetoolshe makes?
jobs
What
does
film
the
mention
thatsomeof thesepeoptedo in
7
their'real[ives'?
4
Discuss.
Doyouthinkthat beinga memberof oneof thesesocieties
is
'excessive'?
Why/Whynot?
periods
z Manyother'Re-enactment
Societies'exist
for different
in history(e.g.WortdWarl, TheAmerican
CivilWar,
TheRoman
of Britain).
Invasion
lf youweregoingto ioin(orstartup)a
'Re-enactment
Society',
whichonewouldit be?Why?
r
!
Whichof the jobs in the box beloware represented
in the photos?
a milliner a webconsultant a quantitysurveyor a cardmal<er streetperformers
an Indiantakeaway
owner an Internet
entrepreneur
Discuss.
r Whatarethe biggestchallenges
of startingup yourownbusiness?
z lf youhadthe chance
to startup yourownbusiness,
whatwoutdit be?Why?
Watchthe film and numberthe followingquotesin the orderyou hearthem.
I did somemarl<et
research
on it.
l'vean annualturnover
of f7o,ooo.
Alwaysbelievein yourself.
l'mverypassionate
aboutmy work.
LastyearI decided
to set up my ownbusiness.
We'vebeenveryIuckyandverysuccessfu[.
We'vebeengoingfor two anda halfyearsnow.
I
I
I
Havingwatchedthe fitm,canyou rememberthe sevensecretsof success?
comptetethe
sentences
belowusingthe wordsin the box.
boss give hetp idea customer partner passionate
r Stay_
z G e ts o m e
3 Beyourown_
4 Havea good_
your_
5 Choose
6 K n o wy o u r_
7 D o n '_t u p
Discuss.
r Whichthreetipsabovedo youthinl<arethe mostimportant?
z C a ny o ua d do n eo t h e r ?
anddisadvantages
of workingfor yourself
3 Whatarethe advantages
ratherthanworking
for someone
else?Whichwouldyouratherdo?Why?
TheLavender
HittMob
Lool<
at the pictures.Haveyou seenanyof
thesefilms?Whichwe[[-l<nown
actorsare in
t h e m ?W h a ti s t h e c o n n e c t i obne t w e e n
them
att?
Watchthe film extractfrom TheLavenderHill
Mob anddecideif the followingstatements
are true (T)or fatse(F).
TheSting
r Thereare2tr barsof goldin thevan.
z Mr Holland
sayshe is goingto Parison
hotiday.
3 M r H o l l a nsdt o p st h ev a nb e c a u shee s a y s
he is worriedaboutanothercar.
Themanon the bicycle
tetlsthevandriver
t h a to n eo f h i st i g h t si s b r o k e n .
T h ep a v e m e natr t i s jtu m p si n t h ev a na n d
pushesthevandriverout.
Therobbery
takesplacenearQueen
Etizabeth
Street.
7 M r H o l t a nids p a r to f t h ec r i m i n a l g a n g .
y o u a r eM r H o l l a n dT. e l la n o t h e r
lmagine
studentthe wholestoryfromyour point
of view.
Discuss.
r Doyouknowof anyfamousrobberies?
z W h a th a p p e n e d ?
3 Whyaretheyfamous?
evercaught?
4 Werethoseresponsible
ta
il
il
ll
tl 7
li
Yes,PrimeMinisterandSpittinglmogearetwo of Britain'smostwell-knownpolitical
satiricatTV
series.In different
waystheybothmakefunof keypoliticatcharacters
and
politicaI
the
system.
ln Yes,PrimeMinister,JimHacker(newelectedPrimeMinister)attemptsto make
variousboldchanges
butthesegenerally
cometo nothing,
thanksto the manoeuvring
of hismanipulative
cabinetsecretary,
sir Humphrey,
whoopposes
actionor changeof
anysort.
ln Spittinglmoge,famouscharacters
in Britishand internationat
tifewerere-created
in theformof latexpuppets,
which- in the mannerof newspaper
potitical
cartoons
- grosslyexaggerated
that person's
mostobviousfacialor personality
characteristic.
Lool<
at thepictures
andreadtheinformation
above.
Then,discuss
these
questions
withotherstudents.
r Doyouhaveanypoliticat
programmes
satiricalrV
inyourcountry?
Doyoufind
themfunny?
Why/Why
not?
z Doyouthinkprogrammes
[ikethisarea goodthing?
Why/Why
not?
watchthe extractfromYes,PrimeMinisfer.
what doestheTVproducer,
Godfrey,
sayaboutthefollowing:
glasses
face
suit
"o',eA
eyes
nose
Discuss
withotherstudents.
r Whatadvice
wouldyougiveto a politician
whowasmaking
a potitical
broadcast?
youseenanyTVdebates
z Have
politicians?
between
whodidwett?
whodidn't?
whv?
Lesson 6.1 | Ex.t3,page78
1
Name,dateandemailaddress
areincluded
at thetop,
part
so don'twritethemin the main
of the email
Readthe email.Whichof the
followingbestsummarises
Maisie'sexperience?
r
She'saboutto finishan
interesting
course.
z She'snearlyat theendof an
excitinghotiday.
She'scomingto the endof
hertime at university.
She'saboutto leavea job
she'sbeendoingfor a long
time.
From:MaisieRyland
D a t e :0 7 . 1 2 . 0 51 9 : 3 4
Usean
informal
greetingwith
or without
the person's
name
To: leila@hotmail.co.uk
Subject:elephantorphanage
(285 KB)
Attach:elephantZ.JPG
iting skill I punctuation
2
a Lookat the emailagainand
find examplesof the following:
r an exclamation
mark
z a question
mark
3 an apostrophe
+ a dash
5 a full-stop
6 a comma
Useinformal
tanguage,
including
contractions
(e.g.l've),
informal
wordsand
exclamation
MATKS
Hi Leila
Wow!Wheredo I start? Did I tell you about
this amazingprojectI'm doingbeforeI go to
university?I've beenon holidayin Sri Lankafor
three monthsworkingin an elephantorphanage!
It's the first time I've beenanywherelikethis
- and althoughI was a bit dauntedat first, now I
love it!
We don't work all the time - there'splentyof
time to havea realholidaytoo. lt's beengreat
to exoerience
a differentcultureand to see the
placesl've only readabout in books.The best
bit is meetingso manyfriendlypeopleand it's
fascinatingbeingso closeto the elephants.I'm
attachinga photo of me washingone of the
babies!
b Matchthe punctuation
(r-6) abovewith the correct
explanations(A-F)betow.
I've only got ten moredaysto go. I'm looking
forwardto seeingyou all, but I don't want to
leavethis place.
A Usedto showthe endof a
sentence
B Usedat the endof a sentence,
to showit is a ouestion
C Usedat the endof a
sentence,
oftento show
excitement,
surprise
or other
strongemotions
D Usedin writingto show
pausesin speechespecially
in
lists,betweenadjectives
and
aroundclauses
E Usedto showmissingletters
in contractions
andwiththe
Dossessive's'
F Usedin informal
writing,to
addan extrathoughtor idea
to a sentence
Seeyou soon!
Lots of love,
Maisie
Useful phrases
Openingphrases
news
Giving
photos
Attaching
I ui teilo/uelloLeilo/Hi/Hello/Dear
Leila
i f,:,{*:,,}{:,T#:f,t;;l
i ;n::::'ri;;tlll"if,][;,...
phrases,
crosing
;;'''"r
fiif!:!#,::;';'i'l""1{n!?i
55,Chestnut
Avenue
Bristol,
BSBlJH
15thFebruary
2006
Lesson 7.2 | Ex.tz, page95
Readtheletterandanswer
the
questions.
r Whatarethethreeproblems
thecustomer
is complaining
about?
z Whatdoesshewant?
UseDearSir/Modamif you don't
knowthe nameofthe personyou
arewritingto. UseDeorMr/Mrs
Smithif you knowthe name.Put
a comma(,)afterthe name,nota
coton(J
UseYoursfaithfullyif you
don'tknowthe nameof the
personyouarewritingto.
UseYourssincerelyif you
knowthe name.
Customerservices
Film Express
Lane
214,Nightingale
London,WC12A{
Writethe datehere.
DearSir,/Madam
I amwritingto complainabouthvoDVDsI boughtrecentlyfromyourcompanyon the
InternetandabouthowI wastreatedby a memberof staffwhenI phonedto complain.
Firstly,I orderedthemon 6thJanuaryandI waspromisedtheywouldarrivein three
daysbut theyweren'tsentto mefor overh.voweeks.Then,whentheyarrivedandI
openedthebox,I wasshocked
to seethatoneof themwasbroken.asthevclearlv
hadn'tbeenpackaged
properly
Secondly,
whenI phonedto complain,I wasverydisappointed
by thewayin whichI
wastreated.The memberof staJlwhoI spoketo wasextremely
rudeanddid not offer
meanyform of refundor replacement.
I wouldbe gratefulif you couldsendme a replacement
DVD (Kill Biil !) assoonas
possible,
or if thisis not possible,
I wouldlikea fu]l refundof my money.Thankvoufor
yourhelpwith thismatter.
Yoursfaithfully
Dmma
Jopres
- customer
DianaJones
number:FE342BB90/3
email:jonesd@hotmail.co.uk
:::r:al::t:r.l,::iiiir::i:tia:tr:,r,4.::::1:,arr:::::::.:.:i:,,::::.i::::r:tii:iit,::::::::it.iai::r::
iting
2
3
skill I formaland
informal
language
Lookat the letteragain.ls the tanguage
usedformalorinformal?
Givetwo examples
from the letter.
Markthe sentences
formal(F)or informat(l).
r lt wouldbe greatto hearfromyousoon.
z I wouldbe gratefulif a futtrefundcould
be sentas soonas possible.
3 | tookforwardto hearingfromyou
at yourearliest
convenience.
4 Love,
Jenny
I'm
writing
to tellyouaboutsomething
5
I
boughtrecently.
6 DearMs.Harrison,
to the serviceI
7 | am writingwith reference
received
at yourrestaurant
lastweek.
8 DearAnna,
9 YouknowhowI feelaboutall this.don't
you?
ro Yourssincerely,
JulioManzanares
u I amsurethatyouwill understand
why I
feelso annoyed
aboutthissituation.
rz Couldyougivemethe moneybackplease?
Includeanyrelevantreference
numbers
andemaiIaddresses
at the endofthe letter
Useful phrases
Firstlines
I om writing with referenceto ...
I am witing to comploinabout ...
I am writing in order to ...
Waysof complaining I wospromisedthat...but ...
I wosshockedto see/findthat...
I wasverydisappointedby ...
Thegoodsclearlyhadn'tbeen
packagedproperlyand were
damaged.
TheserviceI receivedwasnot of
thestondordI wouldexpectfrom
yourcompany.
Lastlines
I wouldbe grotefulif you
couldsendmea full refund/o
replacement
ossoonospossible.
I wouldlike a full refund/a
replacement.
I look forwardto hearingfromyou
at yourearliestconvenience.
Thanksyoufor yourhelpwith this
motter.
Thankyouin odvance.
Reports
Lesson
1
8.3 | Ex.rz, page112
Readthereport.
Whichof thetopics
in Ex.ro, page112is it about?
riting
2
Divideyourreportinto
paragraphs.
appropriate
Whatis thepurpose
of each
paragraph
in thereport?
Can
yougivethema shortheading?
ii1 '
i4
i"!r
iir
rii
+"1
il
Reporting " Approximotely
7o%of
results
" oll thosewhotookpart
' in thesurvey...
{ii
ru: L!:t:sai!:aiflirlislrri:4i6i51e1
i:)
ll,l
.ltryi+gljliiF
Thinkof an interesting
titte.
' Sher lock
TheAmer ican
Holmes'
9.3 | Ex.12,page126
Skill I referencing
words
eaFindtheseundertined
in
words
thetextandsaywhattheyreferto.
r there(1.3)
+ it (t.tt)
z they(1.7)
s she(t.rt)
(t.g)
6 them(t.r8)
r this
'*
Howcanusingreferencing
words
lil<ethoseaboveimorovea text?
-..',.,..=:::ill*rid1irlif#,#ffi.:, ffiffi
Usefulphrases
your
lnterest
reader
Fromthis smallsurveyit is clearthat there is strong
feelingthat primaryschoolteachersneedto be
carefullyselectedfor their caringattitudesand
creativeteaching a bi lity.
li
ii
Findfivedifferentoiecesof
information
betweenthe articteand
the interviewin Ex.9, pagen6.
iting
Statefacts.
Don'tgive
personaI
o p i ni o n s
u n t i tl h e
conclusion.
{::
Articles
Lesson
Approximately70o/o
of allthose who took part in the
surveysaidthat they thought the most important
thing was that theseteachersshouldcareabout the
children.607o
also referredto the need for classesto be
variedand interestingin order to keepthe childrens'
interest.20%o
mentionedthe importanceof good
discioline.
Useformal
ranguage
E
itl
Conclusion i Fromthis surveyit is
i cleorthar ...
.
significantfor any child.Consequently,
the quality and
attitudesof their teacherare of extremeimoortance.
This report givesthe resultsof an informalsurveyinto
the necessaryqualitiesofteachersofyoung children.
:
,
fntroductioni Thisreportgives
i theresultsof .../is
._ intendedto ...
2
Thefirstfewyears
in school
arepossibly
themost
I
I
Skill I parasraphs
Useful ptrrases
1
'.
.ili#ffi
PiiHSi*,
.ft
". Oddlyenough...
+
... +
I Tomysurprise
'" Unbelievablv
...
i:
DeeprntheheartoftheUnited
States
ofAmerica,
farfromBakerStreet
in
livesa mancalled'Sherlock
London,
Holmes'.
InMayofthisyear,ltracked :
himdownthereandhadthechance
toaskhima fewquestions
thatl'd
wondering
about.
been
Givesomebackground
or contextto thetitte.
'Sherlock'
parents
prefers
(he
out
that
Holmes's
Itturns
to becalled
byhis
- weregreailovers
friends
andfamily)
oftheworkof Conan
Doyle.
Hehas
memoriesfromhisear|iestchi|dhoodofhowtheyusedtoreadthesto
to him.Andapparently,
theyalways
knewthatif theyweregoingto havea
give
Theywanted
boy,theywould himthisname.
himtofeelspecial.
Useinformal
language.
people's
Early
onHolmes
usedtogetquiteangry
about
reactions
to his
namebuthesayshe'smorerelaxed
about!! now.Therewasa timeinSan
whena shopassistant
Francisco
looked
athisl.D.cardandthought
he
mustbethereal,original
Sherlock
Holmes.
Shelooked
likeshe'd
seena
ghost.
yourreader.
Giveexamples
of the pointsyoumaketo interest
Holmes
enough,
lookto himsometimes
Oddly
saysthatpeople
to solve
problems
or mysteries,
Luckily,
he'sdonesomemagichimself,
sohe
howsomeofthetricksonTVaredone.Ononeoccasion
understands
himto helpthemoutwitha casetheycouldn't
thepolice
called
solve.
hewasableto findsomecluesona computer
Fortunately,
whichhelped
to
person.
workoutwhathadhappened
toihemissing
'Sherlock
Meeting
theAmerican
Holmes'
wasquiteanexperience,
I'mnot
person
surethatI would
wantto benamed
aftersucha famous
butfrom
whatI sawhehascoped
withit extremely
well.AsfarasI'mconcerned,
parents
needtothinklongandhardabouttheconsequences
ofthenames
fortheirfuture
lives!
theygivetheirchildren
youropinion.
Express
Unit 1 Recording
1
K=KeithT=TihaS=Sara
K:OhhiAlison.lust
Keithabouttonight.
Umm
...youknowthatjackie
andSteveweTe
coming
aloigtoo...wellapparently
theycan'tmakeit
now...something
aboutSteve's
Dadnotbeing
welLor something...
Anway,justwondering
ii
youstilluranted
to go tothefilmor wecould
dosorerhing
e 9e.. reallydor'tnild. DerhaD5
givene a ring?Begtto getmeon mynooileac
I'moutandaboutformost
oftheday.Allright
...Talksoon...Bye.
T:Thisis a message
fora l\41lames
Stevensor
fromtheCustorner
Servjces
department
of
HSBC.
Weneedto corfirma largepayment
fiom hiscreditcardbeforewecango ahead
andmaketheappropriate
authorization.
Coutd
heplease
callTina
on (o1303)
813843
Jenkins
assoonaspossible?
you.
Thank
S: 0h hello...umm...message
forBrianlarvis.
...I'mjustringirgin response
to thead.in last
week's
HackneyAdveftiser.
I understard
that
youhavea 4-yearold
VWGolfforsale
and
...umm...lwoulddeflnitely
beinterested
in
coming
roundto seeit .. if thatwasok.Perhaps
yo! couldgivemea callsometime
...Thebest
number
iormeduringthedayis ae73 443
myworknumber...
andyoujust
750,That's
haveto askforSarah
Shiali.
HopethatSok.
Thankyo!.
F:But,hangon,that'snothowit'salways
been
foryou,is it?| meanyouhada bestfriendat
school,
didn'tyou?
H:Yeah,
I didhavea bestfiiendat school
...
Nigel...butwekindof losttouchwhenwe
bothleftschooland
weft offtocollege.
F:Andyouhardly
everseehimnow,do you?
H: No,thafs_ighr.
A-d s rcetl'e_it s bas.al ,
beenlikethis...a fewclosefuierds...
F:,.,butnotthesameonesalways
.,.
H:No...people
havecomeandgorefor
various
reasons
...butthatbok...youdrift
apart...
Thafsjustthewaylifeis,isn'tit?|
rnear,youcan'tkeepin toLrch
wiih everybody,
canyou?
yourfriends
F:5o,doyoureckon
areas
impoftantto youasyourfamily?
H:Hmm,that'sa hardone...
Unit
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1 Recording
4
gettingverytall,
She's
isf'tshe?
Theydon'tseemto liketheirpresent,
do
lhey?
Youhaven'tbeenwaitinglong,haveyou?
Wecan'tleavethe partyearly,canwe?
Letl goandseea filrn,shallwe?
Dositdown,won'tyou?
Nothing
seems
to begoingright,doesit?
I'mbeinga bit silly,aren'tl?
Unit
Unit
1 Recording
1 Recording
5
2
F:So,wouldyousaythatyou
haveanyone
who
is a particu
larlyclosefflendat the moment?
H: Hrnmm
.,.that'sa trickyone.Jdon'ithinkso
...really.
lsuppose
it'smorelikeI havea Few
people
thatI getonreallywellwithandhave
lots - comnonwith...Brt youhavea kindo
'bestfriend',
don'tyou?
F:Well,yes,Argelina...deflnitely. I raear
wewerebestFtiends
at school,.,
andit'sneve.
reallychanged.
H:50,whatmakes
hersospecial
foryou...you
know..,
different
to anyone
else?
F :l s u p p o si e
t sp a r t l y t h a
l cta nt e l l h e r
anything
...however
awful...butthenalsothat
Itellherpretiymucheverythingihat's
going
on withme.I mean,wetexteachotherall the
time!
H:Yeah...I thinkthats what'sa bitdifferent
[or me.I mean,youknowmyclosestfriends,
...probabLy
iamie,Paula
Alex...butthey?eall
verydilferent
andI usually
talkto themabout
difierent
things.
F:Whatdoyoumean?
H:Well...larnie's
knownmeforever...
andhe
knowsmyparents
andmywholeFamily
...so
whenever
thingsaregoingonthere,he,sthe
persorI goro ,,.butthenPau.a
a-d I haveon _
reallygotclosein thelastcouple
ofyears...
but
we'vebothbeenthrough
somequitedijfcult
relationship
bitsandpieces
andtalkeda lot
aboutthat,..so.
youtalktoaboutallyourlove
F:...that'swho
lifestuffl
H: Exactly...
F:...andAlex...
H:Yes,...
Alex...well,lsuppose
she'smore
likemycareers
adviseT
really.Whenever,
I
haveto makesensible
decisions
aboutwork
...or practical
things...shealways
hasgood
5Uggestions.
P: Beirgin a largefamilyusually
means
learning
to iuggle
several
tasksat once
- makjng
dinn€r
whilehelpirgchildren
with
homework,
bandaging
a knee,keepirganeye
onihegames
o!tside,andlendlng
a caring
ear.
However,
in addition
to normalfamily
life,the
juggleclubs,rings,torches,
Boehmers
balls,
andanythirg
elsetheycangettheirhands
on.lt allstafted
22yearsagowhenLarry
jobasa pipeliieworker
Boehmer's
tookhim
awayfromhiswife,ludy,andhis4 children,
andhehada lotofsparetime
onhishands.
Adamwasin thefirstgrade,ludy
says.He
canlehomeand5aidth€rewasa circus
at
school.
Adamwantedto knowwhathisdad
coulddo.
ThiswasalLthemotivation
Larryneeded
and
hedecided
to occupy
hisevenings
in hismotel
juggle.
roomcorstructively,
by learningto
And
hereis a manwho,orceheputshismindto
something..
heusually
finishes
it.Then,at
home,wherhischildren
sawhimpractising,
theywanted
to joinin.Larryis a bigFamily
man
so hewasonlytoohappyaboutthat.
gavetheirfirst
Larryandthreeofthechildren
familypedormance
at anamusement
parkin
1989.Fromthereit allwentFrom
strength
to
strength.
Andtodaytheyareth€largest
family
ofjugglers
in theworld.At thenomentthey
have4 boysand7 girlsbutihey?e
hopingfor
more,
Asiudyputsit: wedidn'tp[anonthisall
happening.
Wherthekidssaweachother,
theypicked
upondifferent
things.
0newould
do rings,another
woulddo clubs,acrobatics
ortheunicycle,
Beforewe
knewit,wehad
everybody
doingsomething.
Larryinsists
thechildren's
talents
aren't
inherited;
it'ssimplya matterofpractice
and
persistence.
ltl notii thegenes.
this is a skill
thatbasically
anybody
people
car do.lMost
whotry to learnjuggljng
giveuptoosoon,but
alnostanvbody
canlea- , _arry
says,fveryo-e
hdsa coecalirvbuitheyall haveto pracLise
..
a lotlIntheendthough,
doingtheshowsis tne
funpart.Theyallloveit. We?eallveryexcited
because
we'vejustbeenasked
to periomat
theVatican
in Rome
...a 13of uslWeplanto
goin April.
Unit 1 Recording 6
M=ManW=Woman
lM:So,do youlf:nk i! makes
anydifierence
...
whereyou're
bornin thefamily?
W: Deflnitely,
lthinkthefirstbornchildren
always
havea harder
timethantheothers.
Parents
havelotsmorerulesth€n.,.and
expect
so muchmore.,.
M: ltotallydisagree.
In myfamily,
andjn
othersI knou the parentswerereallycarefut
to treatallihekidsthesame.
Youcan'tbea
verygoodparentiFyoutr€atallthechjldren
difierently.
W: No,that'snottrueat all.Youcanbean
parentbut onceyo!'vebeef through
excellent
theexperienc€
of having
one...well,things
change
...youwillbedifferent...
approach
thingsdifferently.
M: Thatsprobably
parefts
true...so,maybe
getbetterandbetter...themorechildren
they
have?
W: thinkthere's
sometruthlnthat...well
ihatbcertainly
whatmyold€stsistersaysl
Unit
1 Recording
I
DiaLogue
1
M=ManW=Woman
M: Hi,it'sme.Look,I'mreallysofiybutI had
thismeeting
andweranover.[{y bosswert on
a n do n , , a
. n y w a y , Io' m
u t o f i tn o w a n ldw o n ' r
belongI promise
W:Howmuchlonger
doyouthink?
lvl:Halfanhourmax...lpromise.
lknowwe
saldI o'clock
butreallytherewasnothing
I
couto00 ,,,
Dialogue2
W :S o . . h
. o w si t a l l g o i n g ?
lll: Fine,
fine...weteallhaving
a reallygood
ttme.
youhaven't
W: But suppose
beenableto gej
outmuch,
M: Well,no,true...butit'sa lovely
oldhouse
andthereareLotsofgames
andihingsto do
inside...andthekidsloveexploring
upin the
atticandsoonsothat'sbeenok
W:Thevsavit shoJldr.aarupa bil in rhelert
fewdays.
M:Yes,I hopeso...wereallywantto do
somewalks..,thecountryside
around
hereis
supposed
to beamazing.
Dialogue
3
W:So,whatdoyoufancydoirg?
i!l: Well,I n€edto finishoff thisessaybeforeI
comeout.
W:Ok,butthen?
M: I don'tknow...Doyoufancygetting
something
to eator,,,?
W:Well,therearea couple
oifilmslwouldn't
m i n ds e e i n g . . .
M: Onaround
here?
WiYeah...Wouldyoubeupforthat?
Tapescripts
M r P e r h a p sr,t d e p e n d sw h i c ho n e sb e c a u s e. .
D i a l o g u e4
M r S o , w e ' v en o w r e a r r a n g etdo m e e tu p o n
ifiday.
W r O k . . a n d w h a t e x a c t l yw e n t w r o r g t o d a y .
M : W e 1 l , t h o u g h tw e h a d i t a l l a n a n g e d
but apparentlh
y e w a s e x p e c tn g a n e m a I
conflrrnation,,
W : S o ,y o u d i d n ' ts e n dh m o n e
M : W e l l ,n o , I m e a ny o u s e e ,a s f a r a s I w a s
D i a l o g u e5
L , l :H i . . l e n n y ?
W : Y e p. . . o h h l , M i c k .W h e r ea r e y o u ?Y o u ? e
v e r yl a t e r
/ 1 1A: h y e s ,w e l l . . d i d s e t o f f q u i t e l a t e
a n d ' v e h a d o n e o r t w o . . s h a l l w es a y
interesting
d i v e r so n s a l o n gt h e w a y
W: Are you alright?
M : Y e a h y, e a h. F l n e n o w . . .y o u d i d s a yy o u
w e r ei n S t a n h o p eR o a d d
, i d n ' ty o u ?
W : N o . . n o t S t a n h o p eR o a d. S t a n h o p e
S t r e € tW
, h e r ee x a c t Layr e y o u ?
M : I ' r nn o i e n t i r e l ys u r eb u t I ' m i n v e r yb u s y
s h o p p i n gs t r € e t
t h i n k ' m n e a rW i l l e s d e n .
W : W i l l e s d e nB
? u t t h a t ' sm i l e sa w a y . w h a t
a r ey o u d o i n gi h e r e ?
Unit 1 Recording
11
M=MorganF=Friend
M : S o , h a v ey o u c o m ea c r o s sG
, e n e sR e u n r t e d
onthe web?
F : c e n € sw h a t ?
M : Y o uk n o w ,I ( e F r€ n d sR e u n i t e d o n l yt h i s
i s a w e b s i t ew h e r ey o u c a nt r y a n d f i n d o l d
r e L a t i v easn d b u i l da f a m L yt r e € .
've
F : 0 h r e a L L. y. .
a l [ , a y st h o u g h tI ' d l i k et o
k n o w a b i t m o r ea b o u tr n yf a m i l yi n t h e p a s t
M : W e L lt,h i s i s j u s t t h e t h i n g .h ' s g r e a t .I ' v e
s t a f t e dp u t t i n gt o g e t h e rm y o w n f a m i l yt r e e .
F : S o , h o w f a r b a c kd o y o u k n o w ?
M : W e L lI,' m p r e t t yc o n n d e nat b o u ta s F a rb a c k
t si ,c e l ya n dJ o h n .
a s r . y g r € a t - g r a n d p a r e nC
F : Y o ud i d n ' ta c t u a L lkyn o w t h e m ,d i d y o u ?
l l l : N o , u n f o r t u n a t e l yt h, € yd € d i n t h € 1 9 7 o s .
B y a l I a c c o u n t tsh e y w e r ea n a r n a z i n g
couple,
d e v o t e dt o e a c ho t h e r, , a n d o f c o u r s et h e y ' d
b e e nt h r o u g ht w o W o r l dW a r s .
n e n t t h r o u g hs u c h
F :Y e s. . t h a t g e n e r a t i o w
a l o t . . D o y o u k n o ww h e nt h e y$ ' e r ea c t u a l l y
born?
F : F u n n i l ye n o u g hI d o . b e c a u s €' n y g r e a t
g r a n d f a t h eJr ,o h n w
, a s b o r nr i g h to n t h e
t u r n o f t h e c e n t u r yi n 1 9 o o . . a n d m y g r e a t g r a n d m o t h eC
r ,i c e Ljyu s t a y e a rb e f o r et h a t r n
1899
F : W o \ r .y. S o d i d t h e y h a v ec h i l d f e n .
M : Y e p ,t h e y h a d t w o c h i l d r € nL a u r aa n d B e n ,
b o t ha r o u r d1 9 j o l t h l n k
F : S o , L a u r a ' ys o u r g r a n d m o t h e rs, n ' t s h e ? ' v e
h e a r dy o u i a l k a b o u i h e r ,h a v e n ' tl ?
M : Y e s ,t h a t ' sr i g h t . g o a n dv i s i th e r a b o u t
o n c ea r n o n t h. u p i n L e e d s ,
F : L sh e r h u s b a n ds t l l a l i v e ?
M : l u l i a n ?N o , h e d i e d a c o u p l eo f y € a r sa g o .
S o , s h € ' so n h e r o w n n o w
F : S o , o b v o u s l yL a u r ai s y o u r
M : . . m y r . u m ' sm o t h e r t a u r a a n dj u l i a nh a d
3 k i d s :m y m u m A l i s o na n d m y a u n t sS u ea n d
Deborah.
F : G o s h , 3g l r l s l
l : Y e p . b u t a l l v e r yd i l i e r e n ti n c h a r a c t e r r
F:Really?
l M :0 h y e s . . . h a v eI n e v e rt o l d y o u a b o u tA u n t
Sue?
F : d o n ' tt h i n k s o .
M r W e l l s h €w a s s . . a n a n t h r o p o l o g i sat ,
k i n d o f a d v € n t u r er e a l L yS h e ' ss p e r t m o s t o f
h e r l i f e i n a n d a r o u n dB o r n e os, t u d y i n gt h e
c u t t u r er, e l i g l o na n d s o o n - S h e ' sq u i t €a n
e x p e f ta p p a r € n t L y ,
F :A n d w a s n ' tt h e r es o m es t o r ya b o u ty o u r
g r a n d m o t h e i sb r o t h € r . y o u k n o w ,B e n ?
M r 0 h y e s .W e l l ,t h a t ' sa l l a b i i m y s t e r i o u s .
N o o n ew l l t a l k a b o u th i m .A p p a r e n t l yh,e
iLrsw
t e n t o f f n h i s e a r l y2 o s a n d n o - o r ee v e r
h e a r df r o mh m a g a i n .I ' m s u r es o m e t h i n gb i g
h a p p e n e db u i I ' v en e v e rb e e na b l et o f i n d o u t
e x a c t Lw
y hat.
F :W e i r d l
l l l : S o , t h e nr n ym u m a n d d a d h a dj u s t m e . . .
F : G r e a tb e l n ga n o n l y c h i L di s n ' ti t l
ill: Sometimes
F :A n d y o u ' v eg o l s o m ec o u s i n sh, a v e n ' ty o u ,
M i Y e s ,m y a u n t D e b o r a hh a d a s o n a n d a
s y e a ro r
d a u g h t e rL, e o na n d E s t h e LE s t h e r ' a
' m a f e wy e a r s
s o o l d e rt h a n m e , , , a n d
older
thanLeonW
. e a c t u a l l ya l l g o t o n r e a l l yw e l l .I
u s e dt o s e et h e m q u i t ea l o t a s a k i d b e c a u s e
D e b o r a ha n d h e r h u s b a n ds p l t u p w h e nt h e
k i d sw e r €q u i t es m a [ . . a f d t h € yu s € dt o c o m e
r o u n dt o u s n t h e h o l i d a y sa l o t
l \ 4 :W € l lE s t h e rm e t a d o c t o ri n N e wZ e a l a n d
w'l":h-was rd\ell gJrou-d -h- yF.-off
. . a n d L e o nd v d e s h i s t i m e b e t w e e nb e n g a
d i v i n gi n s t r u c i o irn t h e s u m m e r sm a i n l ya r o u n d
E g y p ta n dT u r k e y a n d a s k r n g l n s t r u c t oirn
In€ wtnrers,
F : H a r dl i f e l
M :Y € a h , l k n o w . .
Unit 2 Recording
1
1 R e c e n t l yI ',v er e a l i s e dt h a t i n v e s t i g a t i nagr d
w r i t i n ga b o u ti m p o r t a n its s ! e si s $ r h a t
r e a l l yh r a n t o d o , s o I ' m n o w c o n s i d e r i nag
'd
c h a n g eo f c a r e e r . l i k et o g e t a j o b w i t h a
n " w s p a p e .o . p e - l - d p 5a . p F , i a , . r a g a z i - e .
2 Y o uc o u l dc a l l m y J o ba l a b o u ro f l o v e
s u p p o s e . d o n ' tg e t p a i d m u c ha n d L t ' sv e r y
h a r dw o r k b u t r e a l l yl o v ew o r k i n gw i t h
c h l d r e na n d r e a l l yw o u l d n ' tw a n t t o d o
a n y t h i i ge l s e .
3 There'sa pretty strict careerpath for my
f e l d o f w o r k .A f t e rt h e b a s c f l v ey e a r
t r a i n i n gy, o u h a v et o w o r k i n v a r i o u s
d f f e r e n th o s p i t a l d e p a f t m e n t o
s b u i l du p
e x p e r i e n c eT.h a t ' sw h a t I ' m d o i n gn o w b u t
e v e n t u a l l yI ' d l i k e t o s p e c i a l i s len h e a f t
4 I ' v ef i n i s h e dm y t r a i n i n gn o w a n d I ' m g o i n g
t o t a k ea y e a ro u t b e f o r eI a p p l yl o r a i o b .
W n a r w a n r i o d o i 5 w o - l i n h . f l e l do l r o a d
b u i l d i n ga n d t o w n p l a n n i n gb u t l ' d l i k et o
f . d v e .b e l o r e g F . 9 u ' L i n o h p w l " o l ev r o r l ,
r nr n g
5 W h a t I r e a l l yl i k e a b o u tr n yj o b i s b e i n ga b t e
t o h e l pp e o p l e .I r n e a nI g e t a g r e a td € a l o f
j o b s a t i s f a c t j ofni o m k n o w i n gt h a t I ' v e
h e [ p e dr n d i v ] d u a [asn d i a m i t i e sw ] t h s o m e
p r e t t ys e r i o u sp r o b l e m s l j k € h a v i n g
n o w h e r et o l i v e ,
Unit
2 Recording
2
i U = N l a r kJ = , u t i a
N l : H i J u l i aW
. h a ts t h e m a i t e r ?Y o ul o o ka b i t
upset.
'm so fedup withwork
l: 0h I doi't know
a t t h e m o m e n t t ' s s o s t r e s s f uhl e r ea n d L ' m
w o r k i n gl o n g e ra n d l o n g e rh o u r s .I ' r nn o t b e l n g
p a i dt o d o a L L
t h i s e x t r aa d m i n B a sc a l l y ,r t s
goi to the stagewhere I'r. totally overworked
andund€rpaidl
M : I k n o w t b b e e na w f u lf o r a g e s ,h a s n ' ti t ?
l : I ' m t h n k i n ga b o u tr e sg n n g a c t u a l l yI ' d l i k e
t o h a v ea c o m p l e t eb r e a ( . . y o u l ( n o w
M : T h a t ' sa g o o d i d e a .T h a t w o u l db e g r e a i .
H a v ey o u g o t a n y p L a n s ?
l : I ' m n o t s u r ey e t b u t I t h i r ( l ' l l l e a v es o o n
m a y b e n t h e n e x tt w o m o n t h s ,I c a n u s et h e
t i r n et o t h i n k a b o u tw h a t t o d o n e x t- . .p € r h a p s
' l l d o s o m ev o l u n t a r yw o r k o r s o r n e t h i n gO n e
've
i d e ai s t o d o s o m ev o l u n t a r yw o r k a b r o a d
s € e na n a d r e c e n t l ya f d I ' n g o i n gt o g e t s o m e
r n o r ei n f o r m a t i o n
about t.
l M :Y o uc o u l dr e s e a r c h
s o m es t u f f o n t h e
Internet,.,
J : Y e s T h a t ' sa g o o d i d e a rI t h i n kI ' l l C ot o t h e
l i b r a r yn o w a n dd o l t t h e r e .l t ' s m y l u n c hb r e a k
a n d I ' v eg o t a t l e a s th a l l a n h o u t
M : G o o di d e a lL e tm e k n o w h o w y o u g e t o n . . .
l = J a n eS = S i m o n
l : H o wa r e y o u ,S i m o r ?W h a t h a v ey o u b e e n
doing?
S : 0 h ' m f i n e ' v e b e e nm a k n g p l a n s lI ' m
r e a l l ye x c i t e d .
? h a t ' sg o i r g o n ?
l : 0 h ? R e a l l yW
s : I ' v ed e c i d e dI ' m g o i n gt o l € a v ew o r k a n d g o
b a c kt o c o l l € g €I.' m p l a n n i n gt o r e t r a i na n d d o
s o m e t h i n gc o m p l e t e l dy i f f e r e tf
? e a l l yW
? h a ta r € y o u g o l n g t o d o l
i : R e t r a l nR
S: Well, I've alwayswanted to be a vet .. And
l i i e ' st o o s h o r t , , y o u k n o w , l w a n t t o g e t o n
a n d d o i t n o w rI k n o w i t ' sg o i n gt o b e h a r d
w o r k b u t I ' v ed e c i d e dI ' mj u s t g o i n gt o d o i t
J : W o w ,t h a t ' sg r e a t .W h e na r e y o u g o i n gt o
start?
S : W e l l ,i t d e p e n d so n b e i n ga c c e p t e do n t h e
c o u r s et h i s y e a r I h a v €t o t a k e a n e x a mf i r s t ,
b u t i f a l l g o e st o p l a n ,l ' m p f o b a b l yg o i n gt o
s t a f ti n S e p t e m b e r .
H : H i , F r a n .D o y o u i a n c yc o m i n go u t f o r a m e a l
tonightl
F: Well, 'd love to but I can't l'm afraid. I'm
h a v i n ga n i n t e r v i € wt o m o r r o ws o I ' m g o i n gt o
l r a v ea n e a r l yn g h t .
H : A n i n t e r v i e wW
? h a tf o r ? t h o u g h ty o u l l k € d
w o r k i n gl o r y o u r s e l f r o mh o m e
F :W e l l , t ' s b e e nO K ,a n d I s u p p o s eI l i k et h e
f l e x i b l eh o u r sa n d n o t h a v l n g t oc o m m u t e
a n d s t u f f ,b u 1t o b e h o n e s t ,I ' n rf e e l i n ga b i t
isolated.
H : Y e s , k n o ww h a t y o u m e a n .
F ; l r e a l l ym i s sh a v i n gc o l l e a g u e sy,o u k n o w 5 0
'o'd
l v e a p p i e d f o r t h i , o b L ' ,1 o , , , \ , o r l , s n d
f i r m o f a r c h i t e c t sl t ' s a s m a l lo p e n p l a no f f i c e
a n dt h e y s e e mr e a l l yf r i e n d l yo n t h e p h o n e .I ' n r
m e e t i n gt h e r na t 1 0o ' c t o c kt o m o r r o wr n o r n i n g
a n dt h e n h a v i n gt h € n t e r v i e wi n t h e a f t e r n o o n
H : 0 h , w e l l G o o dl u c k I h o p ey o u g e t i t
p=patrick,=lohn
P : t h i n k ' m g o i n gi o t r y a n d l o o kl o r a n o t h e r
J :W h y ?D o n ' ty o u L i k ew h e r ey o u a r e ?
Th.pescripts
P:Ye9,;t's
O( BurIwa t to Dep.oroteoano
takeonmoreresponsibllity.
I reallywanta
moreseniorposition
nowandtherearelots
of otherpeople
whoI workwithwhowillg€t
thosejobsbefore
me.
i: Oh,youdon'tknowthat
P : W e lIl d
, o . t r ' n kL h e y ' . . o f5i F
a l, l y r l e _ o b o t
depaftmertalmanager.
She'sreallygoodand
she'sbeenthereages,
JrOK...butwhataboutassista|t
manager?
P:No,Davidsgoirgtobeassistant
manager
He'sa bitola risingstar,
isn'the?Hebbound
t0 getthejob. t's obvious.He'sbeingfast,
tracked
Fort...youcantell...I heardhim
talking
to lam€saboutit.
justbecause
J:That's
hewantsthejob. . you
don'tknowif he'llgetit.
Unit 2 Recording 3
1 T h a t ' sa g o o d i d e a l t h i n k I ' l l g o t o t h e
l i b r a r yi o w a n dd o i t t h e r e .
2 I ' v ed e c i d e dl ' m g o i n gt o l e a v ew o r k a n d g o
b a c kt o c o l l e g € .
3 I ' m m e e t i n gt h e m a t 1 0 o ' r l o c kt o m o r r o w
raorning.
4 | t h i n k t h e y ' l lo f f e rS a l l yt h e j o b o f
d e p a r t m e n t aml a n a g e rS h e ' sr e a l l yg o o d
a n d s h e ' sb e e nh e r €a g e s
t a n a g e rI
5 D a v i di s g o i n gt o b e a s s i s t a nm
h e a r dh i m t a l k i f g t o l a m e sa b o u ti t
6 H e ' sb o u n dt o g e t t h e j o b . t t ' so b v i o u s H
. e\
being fast,trackedior it.
Unit
2 Recording
4
P:I'mstanding
in theextraordinary
Rock
Gardens
olChandigarh
ir IndLa.
Ard I'vespent
themorning
talking
to NekChand,
India's
most
visionary
aftistandcteator
of thesegardens.
Heis a small,elderly
manwitha wrinkled
face
and9ilvery
ha'r,and,se,(Lrerely
mooest
aboLl
hiswork I'vebeertryingto findoutwhathas
drivenhimto create
thesegardens,
buthe
toldrne,simply,
OredayI started,
andthenI
continLred,
Hismodest
manner,
howevet,
hides
anincredible
story.
NekChafdwasthesonofa poorlarmerand
In1958hestaft€d
workasa Government
road
insoector.
A. rharrime,l- s .ity,Lha-digar'
wa9
be ngdesigned
andbLrilt
bya famous
Swiss
Architeci.
Chand
wasiascirated
bytheprocess
ofdesign
andconstructlon
usingconcrete,
and
decided
to buildhisown'kingdom'.
Hestarted
to collect
rocksandoth€rbits
of'rubbish,
fromtheburlding
sites.Secretly,
hetookthese
thirgsto a forestareaoutsid€
thecityand
beganto buildhisgarden.t hadto bedoneir
secret
because
hewasbuilding
onlandwhich
belonged
to th€Government.
At frst,hespeftthetimemaking
wallsand
pathsandbuildings.
Andthenhemoved
on
to thesecond
phase,
creating
over5,ooo
sculptures,
These
provide
sculptures
an
incredible
arrayof ditferent
people,
figures:
animals,
birdsandmanyotherstrange
and
wonderfulcreatures,
Eachoneis different
and
theyareallmadeofmaterialthat
hadbeen
thrownaway.
Chand
fecycles
anything
hecan
find;oldbicycles,
bricks,
lumpsoiconcrete,
plates,
broken
plugs,
oldsinks,electric
pebbles...
thelistgoeson
For18years,
Chand
workedon hissecret
garden,
everydayafterworkandevery
w e e k e n dE
. v e r ym i n u t eo f h i s f r e et l r n ew a s
f i l l e dw i t h w o r k i n go n t h i s h u g ep r o j e c t h a t
n o b o d ye l s ek n e wa b o u t .T h e na f t e r1 8y e a r s
t h e g a r d e nw a s d i s c o v e r e bd y a c c i d e n tA. t f i r ; t ,
C h a n dw a s a f r a i dt h a t i t w o u l d b e d e s k o y e da 5
h e h a d b u i l t i t i l l e g a l l yo n c o v e r n m e n t - o w n e d
l a n d -B u t q u i c k l yp, e o p l eb e c a r n et n t e r e s t e d
In
i t a n dt h e G o v e r n m e nr e
t a l s e dt h a t t h e g a r d e n
c o u l db e c o m ea t o u r i s ta t t r a c t i o nT h e yp a i d
C h a n da s m a l ls a l a r yt o w o r k o n t h e p r o j e c t
f u l l t i m e a n d o n ey e a rl a i e rt h e R o c( G a r d e r
w a s o f f i c i a l l yo p e n e d N o w t i s n d i a ' ss e c o n dr n o s tp o p u l a rt o u r i s t
a t t r a c to n , a f t e rt h e T a jM a h a l ,w i t h 5 , o o o
v i s i t o r se v e r yd a y .H i sh u g ea c h i e v e m e n t
d o e s n ' ts e e mt o h a v ec h a n g e dC h a n da t a l l ,
h o w e v e rH e t o l d m e , I a m j u s t d o i n gm y w o r l (
E v e r y o n he a 5w o r kt h e y d o . T h i si s m i n e .H €
s a y sh i s l i F ei s u t t e r l yr e g u l a r - | e a t .l s l e e p I
w o r k .T o m o r r o wm o r n i n g h, e w i l l b e d o i n gt h e
s a m ea s h e ' sd o i n gt o d a y .A n dt h e d a y a f t e r ,
h e w i l l b e d o i n gt h e s a m e .H es a y si t m a k e s
h i m h a p p y ,i u s t d o i n gi t . W h i c hi s a g o o d t h j n g ,
b e c a u s es o o n ,h e w i l l h a v es p e n th a l f a c e n t u r y
i u s t d o i n gi t .
Unit 2 Recording 6
P:Aspartofourefforts
to improve
thework/
lifebalance
ofthepeople
whoworkhere,
we'vedonea smallsurvey
of twenty
of our
employees
0neofthethingswewanted
to
findoutwashowp€ople
spendtheirtime
whenthey're
notworkiig.Everyone
in the
surveywas
agedbetween
21and3oandthese
aretlreresults.
Firstly,
nearly
hallthegroupregularly
works
lat€at theoffice.
in fact,9 outof 20people
stayatwork
lateat leastthree
t mesevery
week.However,
hardlyanyofthenrthought
thiswasa badthing.Only3 ofthenrin fact.
25%of thegrouphaddon€voluntaTy
workat
sometirnerf theirlives,butonly1o7o
were
doingit now.
Next,aboutevening
classesr
thegroupas
a wholewaskeenondoingextraclasses
or
activities.
Thevastmajority
saytheydo at least
oneevening
cLass,
mostlyeithersomekind
ofsportor artclass.0nly
a smallminority
of
questroned
thepeople
wouldliketo do nrore
evening
classes,
however.
t'snotsurprising
tooperhaps,
thatmanypeople
aredoing,or
havedone,somekindof onlin€course,
mostly
prospects
to improve
therrcareer
byg€tting
fLrft
herqualiflcations.
[ve'vone,did
rhala goodwavot rela,ing
!.rd\
watching
TVor a DVD,butnobody
likeddoing
thiseveryevening.
Orlya fewp€ople
saidthe,
switch€d
theircomputer
on everyevening,
with
visiting
chatroorns
beingthemostpopular
Themajority
ofthegrouppreferred
being
withfii€nds
or familyratherthanb€irgon
theirownasa wayof relaxing
50%saidthey
ioundit easyto switchoffafterworkbutthe
vastrnaiority
oipeoplesaidtheywouldlike
to change
theirwork/life
balance.
lt/osisaid
th€ywantto worklessandmakemoretimefor
IIem5eLVes,
Unit 2 Recording' I
Dialogue
1
l=lnterviewer
K=Karen
l: lt'sKaren
Goodman,
isn'tit?
K: Err...yes...
l: HelloGren.Pleased
to meetyou,Mynarne's
Michael
Hafiison.
Comeandsitdown.
K:Tharkyou
l: So,thankyouforapplying
forthejoband
comingtothe
interviewtoday.
First,
td l;keto
askyouaboutyourexperience.
Inyourlettet
yousayyouveworkedin anofficebelore,
Tell
rneabouttftat,,,
K:0h well,it wasagesagoactually
l: 0K...well,whatdidyoudo there?
K: Nothing
muchreally.. wasiustan
assistant
,,,Youknou ans\rering
thephone
andstuff..
Dialogue
2
l=lnterviewerl=lenny
I: Ah . thereyouare...
l: 0h dear.I'msosorry..
l: Let'ssee...Youarelenny,
aren'tyou?Jenny
Scott?
j: Yes,that'sright.
'm Peterlvlanning,
l: Well,comein Jenny.
Headof theEcononics
departnent
ard I'lIbe
youtoday,
interviewirg
Veryniceto seeyou,
Thankyouforcoming
verysorry.
I thought
Ji I'mreaLly
it wouldbea
journey.
muchquicker
Thetraificwasterrible
ard ihenI coutdn't
findthebuilding.
l: 0K...canI startthenbyasking
youabout
yourreasons
forapplying
forthecourse?
Whatdoyouthinkyoud getfiomstudying
jenny?
Economics
in thisparticular
university,
Dialogue
3
I=lnteruiewer
L=Liz
l: OK .. let'smoveon,Liz.You've
talkedabout
yourexperience
to date.Now,'d liketo know
aboutyourpLans
forthefutLrre.
Whatareyour
ola'<b'lle lu-ure,er'ssavfo. L e .ve ypac
iollowing
thecourse?
L:Oh,umm.. well,I'dreallyliketo dothisand
then,rnaybe
stayin thesamebusiness
fora
whilewherl'vefinshedmydegree
...umm..
I'nrnotreally
surewhat wanttodoafterthat
really.
/ mean,l! loveto studyher€.I think
'd geta lotoutof it as
wellashaving
a lotto
offer,but.. er...afterthat,well,I don'tkrow
at themoment.
I haven't
reallythought
about
that
l: Doyouseecatering
asa Long-tetm
thingr
yourlifeofjustfortheshort-terrn?
L: 'mjustthirkingshorttermatthemornent
.. reallyhaven't
thought
aboutthefuture...
don'tknowhowl'mgoingto feel.I suppose
should
thinka bitfurther
aheadbut ..
Dialogue
4
l=lnterviewer
L=Linda
l: Well,thankyouverymuchfortalking
to me
today,
Linda.
We?€comingto
theendofthe
interview
now ls thereanythingthatyoud
like
to askme?
L:Yes,do havea question,
ifthat'sOK.
l: Ofcourse,
Fireaway,
L:Well,I waswondering
aboutprornotion
prospects.
Obviously
I'mkeenonstayngin th€
joLrrnalism
busnessandI'dliketo knowwhat
klid olopportunities
theremightbe.
l: That's
a goodquestior.
Wearevery
interested
in theprofessionaL
development
Tapescripts
o f o u r s t a f fa n d o f f e rm a n yo p p o r t u n i €
t s for
f u r t h e rt r a i n l n ga n d p r o r n o t i o nw r t hn t h €
c o m p a n yTrh er l g h tp e r s o nc a n b e p r o m o t e d
t o a p o s i t i o ns u c ha s s e n i o re d i t o ra f d w e a r e
a l w a y sl o o( i n g l o r p e o p l et o r a a n a g ec o r n p l e t e l y
n e w m a g a z i n e sA n y t h i n ge l s e ?
L : C o u l dy o u t e l l m e w h e ny o u ' r eg o i n gt o m a k e
y o u rd e c i s i o n ?
l : I ' v eg o t s o m eo t h e rc a r d i d a t e sw h o ' l l b e
i n t e r ve ! . r i n gt h s a f t e r n o o nb, u t w e ' I l e t y o u
k n o w b y t o m o r r o wa f t e r n o o n L : T h a n ky o u v € r ym u c h
Unit
2 Recording
10
l r T h a n ky o u f o r a p p l y l n gf o r t h e j o b a n d c o m i n g
t o t h e i n t e r v i € wt o d a y .
I ' d l l k e t o a s ky o u a b o ! t y o u re x p e r i e n c e
Y o us a y y o ! ' v e w o r k e di n a n o l F i c eb e f o r e T e l l
m e a b o u tt h a t .
'nr
P e t e rl \ 4 a n n i nagn d ' l l b e i n t e r v i e w i nygo u
to0ay.
C a nI s t a r tb y a s k i n gy o u a b o L ryt o u r r e a s o n sf o r
a p p l yn g f o r t h e c o u r s e l
W h a ta r ey o u r p l a n sf o r t h e f u t u r e ?
Unit
3 Recording
1
P : l J n t i l t h e3 r d c e n t u r yB c ,C a r t h a g eh a d
b e e na p o w e r i u cl i t yw h i c hc o n t r o l l e dr n o s t
o i t h e l \ 4 e d i t e r r a n eS
an
e a F o r t h ep r e v i o u s
f e w h u n d r e dy e a r s ,t h e C a r t h a gn i a n s
h a d b e e nt r a d i n gw i t h p e o p l ei n l n d i aa n d
t h e l v l e d i t e r r a n e a nr e a .f h e r e h a d b e € n
r n a n yb a t t l e sb e t w e e nt h e R o m a n sa n d t h e
C a r t h a g i n i a nt os t r y t o c o n t r o lt h € a r e a A l t h o u g hC
, a r t h a g eh a dt a k e nc o n t r o l o f r n a n y
m p o r t a n tp l a c e st,h e y h a d n ' tm a n a g € dt o t a k e
S i c l y ,t h e i s l a n do r t h e i rd o o r s t e pS
. o ,w h e n
t h e R o m a n s w o nt o t a l c o n t r o l o i S l c i l yC, a r t h a g e
d e c i d e dt o a t t a c kR o m e .
T h e l e a d e ro i t h e a i t a c kw a s a b r i l la n t y o u n g
g e n e r acLa l l e dH a n n i b a lH
. e h a d4 0 w a r
e l e p h a n t st,r a i n e dt o c h a r g ea t t h e e n e m yA s
H a n n i b a l 'as r r n yw a s m a r c h i n gn o t h w a r d s
t o w a r d st h € A l p s ,s o l d i e r sF r o mS p a i na r d o t h e r
a r e a sl o i n e dt h e m T h ei c y m o u n t a i n sw e r e
d i f f c u l t t o c r o s s ,h o w e v e ra, n d b y t h e t i m e t h e ,
r e a c h e dl t a L yn 2 1 8B c ,m a n yo f h i s s o l d i e r sa n d
e l e p h a n t sh a d d L e dT. h e yf a m o u s l yw o n t h r e e
b a r - l " sb - l i n l h e F n d L le R o n a " w e r e\ l ' o - g e '
a n d t h e y t o o k t h e c i t yo f C a f t h a g e
Unit 3 Recording
3
D i a l o g u el
W = W o m a nl V = M a n
W : B m . . i i ' s r e a l l yc o l dt o d a y ,i s n ' ti t ?
[ 4 : Y e a h, , d o y o u w a n t t o b o r r o wm y j u m p e r ?
W : W e l l ,I d o n ' tt h i n k w i l l , t h a n k s T
. r o u b l ei s
I c a n ' tw e a rw o o I b e c a u s ei t m a k e sm y s k i n
r r c n y_ .
M : O h d e a r d o e si t ?W e l l ,l ' v eg o t a c o t t o n
j a c k e ti n t h e b a c ko f m y c a r . .
D i a l o g u e2
W 1 :H e y ,I l i k ey o u rj e a n s . .
W 2 : T h a n k st h e y ? eI c e , a r e n ' tl h e y ?| b o u g h t
t h e my € s t e r d a y , ,
W 1 :T h e yr e a l l ys u i t y o u .
W 2 : M m m . . t h i n kt h e d e n i m ' sg o t L y c r ai n i i ,
s o t h e y f e e Lq u l t es t r € t c h ya n dv e r yc o m i o r i a b L e
D i a l o g u e3
M: What's
thematter?
W:0h . it'sa realpain.I gotthes€loveLy
buti thinkI'mallergic
earrings
forrnyb rthday,
to themLook,myeafshavegoneredafd
s0I€,,,
y a i n f u lY o um u s t n ' t
M : 0 h y e s , t h e yl o o k r e a l L p
W : N o , I r l ' - | . d n o l v , ^ e " r r e . l g o r do s i e
i e w € l l e r y. . t h e ys e e mt o b e 0 K .
D i a l o g u e4
W : I b o u g h tm y n e p h e wa r € a l l yn i c et o y t r a i n
m a d eo f w o o d f o r h i s b i r t h d a y . .b u t l d o n ' t
t h i r k h e e v e rp l a y sw i t h i t . .
N l :0 h ? R e a l l y W
? h yn o t ?
W r o h I d o n ' t k n o w . . l o v ew o o d e f t o y s
b u t t h i n k m o s tk i d sp r e f e rp l a s t i co n e s . y o !
k n o l , \trh, e a d u l t sl i k ew o o d ,b L r tl h e c h i l d r e n
w a n t p l a s t i c l O rb e t t e rs t L l lc, o m p L l t €gra m e s,
D i a l o g u e5
W : Y o uk n o w m y f r r e n dS y L v i aS?h € ' sa
v€getarian,,
M r 0 h , y e s. . m e t h e ra t y o u r p a r t y , t h i n k
W : Y e s ,t h a t ' sr l g h t .W e l l ,s h e w a st e l l i n gm e
. . o b v i o u s l ys h e d o e s n ' ta g r e eh , i t he a t i n g
a n i m a l sb, L l ts h e a l s ow o n ' t w € a ra n l m a l
pr0dLrcts
l $ i 0 h . . r i g h t N o f u r c o a t st h e n l
W : N o , c e r t a i n l yn o t i u r , b u t s h e w o n ' t u s e
r _ / h i n gr a d e o l l e . . l ^ p re l " " r s h o e s ,b a g s ,
coats nothing.
Unit 3 Recording 4
P=Presenter
E=Expert
t h i n g st h a tw e t a k ef o r g r a n t e dt o d a y ,l i k e s i l k ,
p o r c e l a i nt,h e k i l e a n de v e nt h e u m b r e l l a l
P : A n d w e h a v et h e C h f e s e t o t h a n kf o r
f r e w o r G , d o n ' tw e ?
E r Y e st,h a t ' sr i g h t l n t h e 8 t h c e n t u r yt,h e
C h i n e s ed i s c o v e r e gd u n p o w d e rA. n d b y t h e
l o t h c e n t u r yi,i w a s b e i n gu s e dt o m a k e
I r e w o r k s ,t h e g u n ,t h e r o c k e ta r d t h e b o r n b
, , ,s o i t e v e n t u a l l yh a d a h u g e n f l u e n c eo n
t h e w h o l ew o r l do f c o u r s eA
. n o t h e rm a j o r
f v e f t i o n w a s a m a c h i n ef o r m a k i f g c a s tl t o f ,
w h i c ht h e yf i r s td e v e l o p e di n t h e 6 t h c e n t u r y
BC
P rW o w T h a tr e a l l yi s a l o n gt i m e a g o lT h a t
m u s t h a v €m a d ea b i g d i f f e r e n cteo p e o p l e ' s
LtveS
r00
E : T h a t ' sr i g h t A l o t o l i r o n w a s u s e di o r
n asIncreased
a g r i c u l t u r at o
l o l s ,s o p r o d u c t r o w
h u g e l y . w h i c hb r i n g sn r eq u i t en i c e l yt o t h e
p r - " s e nrte a l l y . . t. o t h e ' N o w ' . . .t o p r e s e n i - d a y
China..
P : s a g r i c u l i u r apLr o d u c to n b i g i n C h i n an o w ?
E : W € l l ,y e s ,t h e r e ' sa l o t o f a g r i c u l t u r e. . a b o u t
1 5 %o f t h e e c o n o m yi s b a s e do n a g r l c u l t u r e .
Y o uk n o w ,t h n g s l i k e r i c € ,t e a ,c o t t o na f d [ s h
. , B u t i t ' s c e r t a i n l yn o t l u s t c o u r t r y s i d ea n d
a g r i c ! l i u r eT, h e r ea r e s o r a eh u g e ,m o d e r n
c i t i e sl i ( e S h a n g h aai n d i n d u s t r yi s h u g e
i n C h i n an o w ,a n d € x p a n d i n ga l l t h e t i m e
P r o d u c t r oonf i r o n i s g r o w i n ga t a r a t eo f a b o u l
2 2 7 oa y e a r n C h n a a t t h e m o m e n t
P rT h a t ' sc e f t a i n l ya b o o m i n gi n d u s t r y. . 5 o
w h a t o t h e r n d u s t r i e sa r € l m p o r t a n ti n C h i n a
P : H e l l o ,w e l c o m et o t o d a y ' se d i t i o no i l h e ,
d n d f i o w T o d a yw e ? €t a l k i n ga b o u ta n
incredible
c o u n t r yw
, t h a f a s c i n a t i n cgu l t u r e
a n d a l o n gh i s t o r yg o i n gb a c( o v e l S o o oy e a T s
. . e f u q l s h u s e t yr i c hi n a r t a n d c u [ t u r €a, n d
i t s l o o d a n dt r a d t o n s a r ew e l l k n o w na r o u f d
t h e w o r l d B u t t w o a s p e c t so f C h i n aa r e
p p r l ' . p , l € .. e _ \ . o w n . f \ l v h i ) v o .r c o u - r r y
h a s a l o n g h i s i o r yo f i n v e n t i n gt h i n g sa n d
s € c o n d l yn
, r e c e n ty e a r sh a ss t a r t e dt o f L o u r j s h
y ithultra.
a s a n i n r p o r t a ngt l o b a l € c o n o mw
m o d e r nc i t i e sa n d m a n yb o o mn g n d u s t f i e s ,
T o d a yw e ' v eg o t C h i n ae x p e r tS a n d r aB e n n i n g
h e r et o t e I u s a l La b o u tt h i s f l o u r i s h i n s' L a n d
o f i n v e n t i o n 'H e l l oS a n d r a .
E :H e l L o
P i W e l Lt,h l s p r o g r a n r mi€s c a l l e dT h e na n d
'Then'
N o w . . ,s o l e t ' ss t a r tw i t h
. . .C h i r a ' s
'land
h i s t o r ya, n d t h i s i d e ao f a
o l i n v e n t i o n.'.
k n e w t h a t t h e C h i n e s ei n v e n t e dp a p e r ,b u t I
m u s t a d r n i t ,I d i d n ' tk n o wt h a t t h e y f v e n t e d
s o m a n yo t h e ri m p o r t a n t h i n g s .B e f o r ew €
' . l l d b o - tl L o s " .
,
|
" n v o " T i n d : . b o L ': 1 9
lqy or paper?
E : Y e s .l t w a s i n 1 0 5A Dt h a t p a p e r n r a k i nwga s
p e r f e c t e di n C h i n aT h ef i r s l p a p e rw a s r n a d e
o f s i l k .W e l l ,i t w a s r € a l l yt h e w a s t ef t o m s i l k
m a k i n gw
, h l c ht h e y p u L p e du p t o m a k ep i p g l
P : 0 f c o u r s e p, a p e rh a d a n e n o r m o u si m p a c t
o n C h i n ad
, i d n ' ti t ?
, n d t h e np r i n t i n g i,t m e a n t
E : Y e s ,w i t h p a p e r a
p e o p l ec o u l dg e t n f o r m a t i o nm u c hm o r e
eas Ly,
P : S o ,w h a t e l s ed d t h e C h i n e s ei n v e n t ?
E : W € l l ,q u i t €a f e w s i m p l eb u t i m p o r t a n t
l l i n q s . . I f l - r o n a o f L h er i T p l : - L r \ o r l o n <
wa. r'e \rh"elbo ow.in\FnLpd rourd-2o rD,
E : W e l l ,s o r n a n yo f t h e t h i n g sw e b u y a r e r n a d e
i n C h i n aa
, r e n ' t h e y ?I n d u s t r i apl r o d u c i i o n
a c c o u n t sl o f o v e rh a l l o f C h i n a ' se c o n o m i c
w e a l . l - i, n c l - d i n g, - . h . o - . u r e r i e n , d , l o y , ,
c l o t h e ss, h o e s ,c a r sa n d e l e c t r o n igc o o d s ,a s
w e l l a s t h e h e a v i e lrn d u s t r i apl r o d u c t sl i k e
iron.
w h i c hr n e a n ti h a t e n o r r n o u sl o a d sc o u l db e
c a r r i € db y j u s t o n e p € r s o n- . .A s w e l La s o t h e r
D : 0 h ? A r ey o L vr e r yb u s ya t t h e m o m e n t ?
[ 4 : W e l Ly, e s . . d i d n ' tI t e l l y o u l ' m d o i n ga
Unit 3 Recording
W=Woman
M=Man
5
W : S o ,w h a t d o y o u t h i n k ?
M : W e L l ,t h i n kt h e f i r s to n e j s € a s y .I m e a n ,
n e f r \ e l o d o . d p o n _ h 6 l L - F n6 o q ' r p o l J n ,
i n v e n t i o ne
s v e r, , S o , i o r t h e f i r s to n e ,d o y o u
a g r e et h a t t h e c o m p u t e irs d e f i n i t e l yt h e m o s t
irnportant?
W : W e l l ,m a y b e. . .b u t l s n ' i i t t r u et h a t w e
w o u l d n ' th a v ec o m p u t e r w
s i t h o u te l e c t r i c i t y ?
5 0 , r e a L l lyt h i n k t h a t t h e i n v e n t i o no f t h e l i g h t
b u l b a n d d i s c o v e r i negl e c t rc t y i s i n c r e d i b l y
; m p o r i a n iW
. h a ta b o u ty o u ?
M : l \ , \ m m s u p p o s ey o u ? er i g h t . . H o wd o
y o u f e e l a b o u tt h e t e l e vs i o nt h e n ?
W : t ' s s i m i l a rt o t h e c o m p u t e r e a L l yLr n e a n ,
a g a l n ,w e w o u l d n ' th a v et h e t e l € v i s i o n
withou
e l e c t r i c i i yw, o u l dw e ?
M : O K ,s o s h a l I w ed e c i d eo n t h e l i g h tb u l b f o r
the f rstone?
W : Y e s ,f i n € A n dw h a t e l s ed o y o u t h i n kl s
important?
Unit 3 Recording a
D = D e b b i eM = M a d i n
D : H i l ] , 4 a l t i nH o w ' si t g o i n g ?
l M :0 h h i .Y € a h ,I ' n rf i n e b u t a b i t t r e d ,y o u
Tapescripts
c o u r s e ?M o s t l yo f l i n e , a n da l s oo n e d a y a
w e e k i n c o l l e g el.t ' s r e a l l yh a r dw o r k .
D : N o .I d i d r ' t k n o w .W h a t s i t ?
M : l t ' s a l o n gs t o r y ,b u t w h a t I ' m d o i n gi s t r y i f i g
t o g e t a b a s i cq u a l i f i c a t i oinn m a t h s . .
D : i v l a t h sB
? u t l t h o u g h i y o u h a t e dm a t h s l
l l : W e l l ,y e s . t w a s d e f i n i t e l ym y w o r s ts u b l e c t
a ' s , h o o l ,| ' e a l v r d _ e ai Lt - e n , I r a d a n a w - u .
t e a c h e ra n d I d i d n ' tu n d e r s t a n d
a thingl
D:Sowhy do youwantto do it now?
M i I d o n ' tw a n tt o . . .b u t I n e e dt o L o o k i n g
b a c k ,I w i s h l d s t u d i e dh a r d e ra t s c h o o la n d
j u s t d o n e i t , b e c a u s eI r e a L Lnye e di t n o w .I
w a n t t o r e t r a i nt o b e a t e a c h e r ,
D : A m a t h st e a c h e r ? l
M : N o rI w a n tt o b e a h i s t o r yt e a c h e rb, u t
i n t h e u K , y o u h a v et o h a v ea b a s r cm a t h s
q L r a l i f l c a t i ot on t r a i nt o b e a n y k i n do l t e a c h e r
D : R e a l l yT
? h a td o e s n ' ts e e mf a i r
M : W e l l ,t h a t ' st h e r u l e s lN o w I ' m o l d e r a n d
w i s e r l- | r e a l i s et h a t s t u d y i n gh a r da r d
p a s s i n ge x a m sg i v e sy o u m o r ec h o t c ei n l i f e ,
T h a t ' so n e o f t h e b j g g e s tl e s s o n sl , v el e a r n e d
D : I s u p p o s ey o u t e r i g h t .B u t i t ' s o n l yw i t h
t h e b e n e f i to l h i n d s i g htth a t y o u r e a l i s et h e s e
t h i n g s. . W h e ny o u t e y o u n g ,y o u o f t e nc a n ' t
s e et h e p o r n to f s o r . e t h i n g s , , ,I m e a n ,i t S
d i f f i c L rtl oi s e et h e p o t n to f i t r e a l l y. . H o ww e r e
y o u t o k n o wt h a t d o i n gw e l l i r m a t h st h e n ,
w o J l d h e l oy o u b e ( o T e a h i s t o y t e a L l - enr o w .
Unit 4 Recording
1
W: 'mverydifferent
to rnybrother
I think...
I m notverygoodattaking
risks
whereas
he
l o v e si t . T h e m a d d e s t h i n gI t h l f k h e ' sd o n e
w a sj u s t a f t e rh e f i n i s h e du n i v e r s i t yH. e a n d a
k i e d o e c i o e dl o g o D Vl r o r o . o i k ef r o n r h p t o p
o l A f r i . a l o t ' l e o o t t o - r .- o . y o a r ci t - a o o e F na
k i n d o f o b s e s s i o nw i t h h i m ,s o m e t h i n gh e j u s t
f a d o d o . . . a n o h e o i d l . I T e a n , r n , a s nt a l ,
p l a i ns a l i n g b u t t h e y m a d ei t o n e p i e c ea n d
h a d ) o 1 1 ea l r a l i n g a d v e - t L . e sa l o q t h e w a y .
d o ' h i - \ h e s n , r " d o l vb r a v eA. c r u ay , v e j u s r
b e e no f f e r € da c h a n r et o b e p a f t o f a s a i l i n g
e x p e d i t r o rt o t h e G a l a p a g olss l a n d sl., v e
a l w a y sh a d a d r e a mo f d o i r g s o m e t h i n gt i k e
i h i 5 b u t n e v e rt h o u g h ti t m i g h tr e a l l yh a p p e n .
I t w i l l m e a ng i v i n gu p r n yl o b a n d ' m n o t s u r e
w h a t I ' L l d ow h e nI g e t b a c kb u t ' m s u r ei t
w o u L db e a n a m a z i n ge x p e t i e n c e .
Unit 4 Recording 2
W:.. andnowhere's
oneforallofyouin
offices
working
at desksor computers
Basically
it relieves
tension
in theneck,back
andshouLders
andit alsoircreases
lung
capacity.
Firstplaceyourfingertrps
or yourshoulders
w t " e l b o wI rg - t 1 + 6 1 o r y o _| e n , o r e a t - F
Inceeply,
Now,whilebreathing
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yourchestard bringyourelbows
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whilebreathing
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andbdcl,d awi g yourelbow5
oa. . a5tl-oJgh
theywantto touchbehind
yourback.
Repeat
thistentimes.
Unit 4 Recording 3
M : O n eo f t h e b e s t t h i n g sw e d i d o n h o l i d a y
was to go whitewater rafting, However, was
a b i t n € w o u sa t f r s t w h e nt h e yt o l d u s w e
i a d t o 5 i g ns o n e t l " - g w h i ,h b . s i c a l l ys a i dw e
w o u L d n 'ht o l d t h e c o r n p a n yr e s p o n s i b lief w e
q o r i n i . . e d o . d i . d l A r v w d v ,t r e g r v i n . - a r g e
o f o u r b o a tg a v eu s s o m ei n s t r u c t i o n
beiore
we started off. we had to wear lifejac(ets of
c o u r s eb u t I w a s q u i t es u r p r i s e dt h a t w e d i d n ' t
h a v et o w e a ra n y k r n do l c r a s hh e l r n e tW
, e
w e r ea l s os u p p o s e dt o w e a r t r a i n e r sb u t l d
f o r g o t t e nn r i n es o I h a d t o w e a rm y s a n d a l s ,
F j i a l l y ,w e g o t g o i n ga n dt h e h r h o l et h j n gw a s
f a n t a s t i c . T h e rwee r e8 o f u s i n a b o a ta f d
t ' F r e e a y w a sa l o t o f ' w h p w " t e r ' . I w a s a
b i r l i l \ eb e i l g o - d r o l l e r c o a s r ear- o | - e a - y f c I
i n a t o n e p o i n t .T h eo n et h i n g I ' m s o r r ya b o u t
s t h a t d i d n ' tg e t a n y p h o t o s l s h o u l d h a v e
t a ( e n m y c a m e r ab u t l w a s a f r a i d w o u l dd r o p
it in the water
Unit 4 Recording
M=Man
W=Woman
4
M : S o . . .d i d y o u g o a n d s e ei t i n t h e e n d ?
W : Y e a h y, e a h. . I s a i dI w o u l d ,d i d r ' t ?
I V IY: o uo f t e ns a yy o u ' l ld o t h i n g sb u t . .
W : O k ,o k . . w e t l t h i st i m e Ld r d . . .
W : Y o uw e r er i g h t . . .i t w a s p r e t t yg o o d
M : P r e t t yg o o d l ?C o m eo n . . . i t w a s m u c h ,
m u c hb e t t e rt h a nt h a t . t h i n k i t ' s t h e f i l m
w h i c h ' v e e n l o y e dm o s tt h i s y e a r .
W : R e a t l y l?d o l i k e C l i n tE a s t w o o db u t I
s u p p o s eI ' v en e v e rr e a l l yb e e nt h a t i n t o f i l m s
aboLrtboxing.
M : 0 k . . b u t i t ' s n o t r e a l l ya b o u tb o x i n gi s i t ?
W: sn't it? .lmear oneofthe main
c h a r a c t e rrsu n sa b o x i n gg y m , , , a n dt h e o t h e r
w a n t st o b e a b o x i n gc h a m p i o n ,
M : T h a t ' sa l l t r u e b u t t h e r e ' sa l o t m o r et o i t
t h a nt h a t .T h e r ea r es o m a n yd i f f e r e ntth e m e s
r u n n i n gt h r o u g ht h e F l l m .
W : S u c ha s ?
M i W e l l ,r i s k ,i o r o n e .
W : W h a td o y o u m e a n ?
l \ 4 :W e l l y o uk n o wa t t h e b e g i n n l n go l t h e i l m ,
o n e o [ C n [ f d ' . w o o d s r o s r p o r s i n gb o r e r s
l e a v e sh i m j u s t a s h e h a sa c h a n c et o r n a k et h e
bigtime.
W : 0 h y e s ,t h a t ' sr i g h t . . .d o e s n ' th e g o o f f w i t h
a n o t h e rp r o m o t e ro r s o m e t h i n g , .
M : Y " D a f t e ' y e d r so l r a i n i n gi n . h eg y r w i . h
t h e C l i n tE a s t w o o dc h a r a c t e A
r .n d a c t u a l l yt,t ' s
b e c a u s eC l i n tw o n ' tt a k e a r i s kw i t h h i m .
W : H ew o n ' t p u t h i m u p f o r a b t g c h a m p i o n s h i p
r ill ...
f l g h t. . . a n dt h e o t h e rp r o m o t e w
M : E x a c t l yT.h eC l i n tc h a r a c t epr l a y ss a f e H e ' s
j u s t t o o c a u t i o u sA. n dt h e n t h i s y o u n gw o m a n
h o p e f u l t u r n su p - . .
W : S h e ' db e e nw o r k i n gi n a c a F 6b e f o r es h e
w e n t t o t h e g y r n . b u t d r e a m l n go f b e i f g a
c h a r n p i o nb o x e r ,
W : B L r It t h o u g h th e d i d n ' tw a n t t o t a k eh e r o n
b e c a u s es h e w a sa w o r n a no r a ' g i r le ' a s h e
p u t s i t , , n o t b e c a u s et w a s a ' r i s k ' , , .
M : W e l l ,a t f i r s ty e s . . . b u t w h e ns h e a c t u a l l y
t u r n so u t t o b e r e a l l yg o o d . . . t h e n h e l a c e s
a n o t h e rr i s k ,
W : Y o um e a n ,h e ' l l t r a i nh e r u p a n dt h e n s h e ' l l
l e a v eh i m
M : E x a c t l y . .a. n dt h a t n e a r l yd o e sh a p p e n ,
d o e s n ' tl t ?
W : 0 h y e s ,t h a t l r i g h t . . b u t s h e s t i c k sw i t h
C l i r t i n t h e e n d . . . t h a n kg o o d n e s s l
l v l :T h e nt h e r e ' sa k i n do f e m o t i o n arLi s k h e
t a K e st o o . , .
W : Y o um e a i a b o u tg e t t i n gt o o i n v o l v e dw t h
her?
l l l : W e l l ,y e s . . .y o u r e m e m b ehr o w h e k e e p s
w r i t i n gt o h i s d a u g h t e ra n d n e v e rg e t t i n ga n y
replies...
W : Y e s ,I n e v e r w o r k e do u t w h a t t h a t w a s a l l
a b o u t . , .I m e a n ,t h e r e ' so b v i o u s l ys o m es t o r y
. . s o m e t h i n gh a s h a p p e n e dw h i c hw e n e v e r
r e a l l yf i n d o L r a
t bout.
M : Y e s. . .w e l l . . . i n t h e f i l m . . . l t h i n k t h e r e ' sa
g r o w i n ge m o t i o n acl o n n e c t i o b
n e t w e e nt h e m
. , .a d q i v e n w ' a lh a o p e n ewo t l -" 5 o d u g r r e r
. . .i h a t s a b i g r l s k t h a t s h e l t a k i n g t o o . .
W : I s e ew h a I v o u r e a n . I h a d n \ r e a . l yl o o k e o
a t r t L i k et h a t b e f o r e. . . b u t n o w y o u s a y i t . . .
l l l : n e a n o b vo - s y h e r e s l o r s o l o L h e . s l u l
t o o . . . w e r e n ' ty o u s h o c k e db y w h a t h a p p e n e d
L nh e r b i g c h a m p i o n s h ifpi g h t ?
W : 0 h w o w y e s . . I c o u l d n ' tb e l i e v ei i . . .
Unit 4 Recording 7
W i W e l l. . . o b v i o u s l yb o t h p h o t o sa r e o f
s o m e o n ed o i n gt h e s a m et h i n g b u t i n v e r y
d i f f e r e nst i t u a t i o r s l I. g u e s st h e f i r s tg u y i s o n e
o f t h o s e p e o p l ew h o s er e a l L iyn t o r i s k - t a k i n g
. . . y o u k n o w ,e x t r e m es p o r t sa n d s t u f f !N o t l i k e
t h e s e c o n dg u y l
S o . . .t h e y l e b o t h i r o n i n g I. n t h e f i r s tp i c t u r e ,
I c a ns e e a y o u n gm a n i r o n i n gs o m €k i n do f
l r r o w nt - s h i r to r s w e a t s h i rot r s o m e t h i n gB, u t
t h e i r o n i n gb o a r di s s o r n e h o wf i x e db e t w e e n
t h e s i d e so F a r a v r n eI. c a n ' ti m a g i i eh o w h e
g o t t h e r ew i t h t h e r r o n i n gb o a r d . a n d h o w h e
m a n a g e st o s t a yt h e r eh i m s e l l t ' s a r n a z i n g ,
O n t h e o t h e rh a n d ,t h e s e c o n dp i c t u r ei s o f
a r n u c hm o r eo r d i n a r ys i t u a t i o nA. m i d d l e a g e dm a f i s d o i n gt h e | l o n i n gi n h i s k i t c h e r
h i s w i f e m i g h tb e o u t a t w o r k .H e i s a l s o
l o o k i n ga f t e rh i s c h i l d r e n. . . b u t n o t v e r y
w e l l lS t r a n g e l yt h, e g u y i n t h e f l r s t p i c t u r e
l o o k sm o r er e l a x e dt h a n t h e m a n i r t h e
s e c o n dp i c t u r e e, v e nt h o u g hi t m u s tb e v e r y
d a n g e r o u s . l \ , l a yibt be b e c a u s eh e d o e s n ' t
h a v es o m u c hi r o f i n g t o d o . , , a n d h e d o e s n ' t
h a v et o l o o ka f t e ra n y c h i l d r e n|l ( n o w I h a t e
i r o n i n gb u t I a m a l s os c a r e do l h e i g h t sa n d
c l i r n b i n g . .s. o w o u l d n ' tl i k et o b e i n e i t h e r
situatronl
Unit 4 Recording
8
P : l o - g ,l e - g - h .p n q t h er q L o n ,s h o r t e - . w i d e ,
w i d t h ,w i d e n ;b r o a d ,b r e a d t h b
, r o a d e n h; i g h ,
h e r g h t h, e i g h t e nd; e e p ,d e p t h ,d e e p e n ;l o w ,
Unit 5 Recording
2
5=5imonC=Camilla
5: 0h ...ld iorgotten
aboutthisphoto.cosh..
thisbringsbacka fewmemories
C:Really
. . sowhois this?lt'snotyourmurn
rsit?Andwhereis it?lsthatwhenyoulivedin
southLondon?
S:Yes...that'sright.That's
wherernyparents
livedforyearsandwhereI wasbrought
up.
Tapescripts
t w a st h l s h u g er a m b l i n go l d h o u s e A
. ctually
w e j u s t r e n t e do n e f l o o ro f i t . b u t a l o t o f t h e
r e s to i i t w a sj u s t e m p t y . . a n d w € h a d t h s
e n 0 f m o u sg a r d e np, r e t t ym u c ht o o u r s e l v e s ,
C:So isthai you in thegarden
5 : Y e p . h a v e n ' tc h a n g e da b i t h a v € ? T h a t ' s
a c t u a l l yM u r i e lI ' mw i t h . ' v e i o l d y o u a b o u t
r5 h e r ,h a v e n ' tl ?
C:umm . maybe remlndrne
5 : W e L lb, a s i c a L Lmyy, m u m w a s n ' tv e r yw e l l
w d s b o r - J 1 d < o\ h e
"h"r
" T p o l e d l \ 4 u ' e l. o
c o m e n a n d l o o ka f t e rm e a l o t o f t h e d a y .S h e
w a s a t r a n € dc h i l d r e n ' n
s a n n yT. h ei d e aw a s
t e a r o u n df o r a f e w m o n t h s. .
thai shedjLrsb
b u i i n t h e e n d s h e s t a y e du n t i l w a s n e a r l y7 .
S h ew a s r e a l L iyr n p o r t a ntto m e . a n d ' m s t i l l
l n t o u c hw i t h h e r a n d h e r l a m i l y
25 C :W o w . . .t h a l ' sb r i l L i a n t .
S i Y e a h. . n f a c t t h i n k t h i s i s o n e o f m y
i a v o u r i t €p h o t o so i a l l . 5 h e w a s a n a r n a z i n g
p e r s o na n d p a r t t yb e c a u s eo f h e r I h a v er e a l l y
g r € a tm e m o r i e so f m y c h i l d h o o dI m € a n . s h e
w a s r e a l l yg o o d f u n . W e h , e r ea l w a y sd o i n g
interesn
t g l h n g s b u t a t t h e s a m et m e y o u
c o u l d n ' tm e s sa r o u n dw i t h h e r .W h e r s h e t o l d
y o ui o d o s o m e t h i n yg o, u d i d i t N o a r g u i n g..
t h a tw a s f o r s ur e l
35 C : S h es o u n d sg r e a t . S o ,w h a t k i n d o l c h i l d
w e r ey o u I b e t y o u w e r €n a u g h t y
S : I t 4 e ?N
? o l w a s a m o d € l c h i l dA c t u a L l yI d
, d
a l o t o f t h i n g sv e r yq u i c k l yi o r m y a g €.
C : L i k ew h a t ?
S : W e l l ,m y n r u mt e l l sm e I s a i dm y f i r s t f e w
w o r d sb y t h e t i m e w a s n i n em o n t h sa n d I w a s
a b L et o w a l k ,m o r eo r l e s s ,b y 1 0 r a o n t h s
C :G o s h . . .
S : T h e nl a t e rl w a s q u r t em u s i c a.l . I c o u l dp l a y
s i m p l et u n e so n i h e p i a n or € a s o n a b lw
y e l lb y
t h e a g eo i 4 w h i c ha p p a r e n t Li sy q u i t ee a r l y .
C : S o w h e r ed l d i t a l Lg o w r o n g ?
S : Y e a h , k n o w S h a m er e a L L y. .
Unit 5 Recording
3
C=Camilla
C : M y b r o t h e rC
, L i v ea,n d w e r ea L w a y ps f e t t y
c o n r p e t i t i veev e na s q u i t ey o u n gc h i l d r e nI.
r e m e m b ew
r e b o t h g o t b i k e so n eC h r i s t m a s
a n d h e c o u l dr i d e h i s o n h i s o w n b e f o r em e .
l w a s r e a l l yc r o s s H
l ew a so n l y5 l t h i n k .
S w i m m i n gw a s g o o dt h o L r g hH e ' sa l w a y sb e e n
q u l p n e ' v o . ,a b o u rb F i g - l " F \ d r e rb - r l v F
a l w a y sL o v e di t . w a s a b L et o s w i mw e l l b y t h e
a g eo f 8 b u t e v e nn o w h e ' sq u i t e t e n t a t L V Ie
m e a nh e c a ns w i m b u t h € d o e s nt r e a L l lyi k e i t .
W h a te l s e ?0 h y € s ,o u r g r a n d d a dw a s a g r e a t
c h e s sp l a y e rs, o w e g o t i n t o t h a t a t o n e p o i n t
I t h i n k w e w e r ea b o u t1 3 o r 1 4 .A n V W a y ,
w a s r e a l l yg o o da t i t . s o g o o d i n f a c t t h a t h e
n e v € rr n a n a g e tdo b e a t m e . . n o i e v e no f c e
H e h a t e dt h a t a n d s a i dh e ' dn e v e rp l a y
m e a g a i n A n d h e n e v e rd i d l I ! 4 o r er e c e n t l y ,
w e ' v et a k € nu p s k i i n g .C l i v el o v e si t a n d h e ' s
g r e a ta t t a r e a l n a t u r a lI ' m o k . . l r n e a n
I ' m i m p r o v i n g n f a c t ,l a s t t i m e I s u c c e e d e d
i n c o r n i n gd o w nr n y f i r s tb L a c ks l o p ew i t h o u t
falLing
o v e r . . w h i c h w a s r e a L Lpyf o u do f l
Unit 5 Recording
4
S = S i m o nC = C a m i l l a
5 : - . a n d t h i n k t h l s p h o t om u s th a v eb e e n
t a k e na l e w y e a r sl a t e r
C : S o ,w h o a r ea l l t h e s ep e o p l e ?Y o r r ? ei n b o t h
t h e p h o t o st h o u g h ,a r e n ' ty o u ?l n t h s o n e i t ' s
y o u o n t h e g r o u n dw
, lththe dogs . r ght?
s : Y € p ,a s u s u a l. . A n d ,o n t h e l e f t i s r n yf a t h e r
. r F l r y r n . . A r r h e ; rr i q h t i i A . - r l o a r
s h e w a s m y f a t h e r ' so l d e fs i s t e r . . a n d n e x t
t o h e r ,h e r h u s b a n dt,l n c l eJ a c kT
. h i sp h o i o ' s
a c t u a L Lt ayk e no u t s i d et h e h o t e l t h a tm y a u n t
a n d u n c l eh a d . . d o w ni n t h e s o u t h - w e sot f
E n g l a n dW
- e u s e dt o g o a n d s t a yw l t h t h e n ri n
t h e s u m m e rq u i t eo f t e n ,
C : S o , d i d y o u l i k e b e l n gd o w nt h e r e ?
S : O h ,t h e h o t e l w a sg r e a t A s a k i d I i o u n d
i t r e a L l ey x c i ti g . l j s u a l L yi n, t h e s u m m e ra t
'd
h o m e g e t q u i t e b o r e d .T h e r ew a s n ' tm u c h
t o d o w h e r e a sa t t h e h o t e lt h € r ew a s n o e n d
o f p o s s i b i L i t l eIsu s e dt o g o r o u f d e v e r y w h e r e
e x p l o r i n g. . T h e yh a dt e n n i sc o u f t sa n d a
w o o d a t t h e b a c k A n d s o m e tr n € sl r e m e m b e r
l d g o i n t h e k i t c h e n sa n dt h e c h e f w o u l dl € t
m e t r y s o r n eo f t h e d e s s e r t s l T h awt a s u n t i l
a t e s o m u c no l t n e c h o - o l d r em o , s s €o n € i r n .
t h a t I t h r e wu p l B u t n o , o v e r a l ll,t w a s b r i L L i a i t
. m u c hm o r €f u n t h a nl u s t h a n gn g a r o u n da t
C :A n d h o w d l d y o u g e t o n w i t h t h e d o g s ?
, y cat
S r O h t h e yw e r ea l o t o i f u n S a m m ym
y o u k n o w ,i n t h i s p i c t u f e - . h e \ r ' a sj u s t s o . .
h o wc a nI p u t i t ? . s u p € r i o r a n d i n d e p e n d e n t .
y .n d h e w a s n ' t
L i k ea l l S i a r n e s .ea t s p r o b a b L A
v € r yi n t e r e s t € dr k i d s d o n ' tt h i n k .0 n t h e
o t h e rh a i d , t h e s et w o d o g sw e r el u s t s o
f r i e n d l y t h i n k t h e yj u s t l i k € dt h e a t t e n t i o r
. . b u t t h e yb e c a m el i k € m y b e s tf r i e n d sT. h e y
u s e dt o c o r n ee x p l o r i n gw i t h r n e I w a s a l w a y s
r e a l l ys a d t o L e a v e
t h € mw h e nw e h a d t o g o
home
Unit 5 Recording
5
1 T h i sy e a rh a s n ' tb e € ng r e a tb u t l ' m s u r e
b e b e t t € rn e x ty € a r
t h i n g sw i L L
2 s a wt h i s g r e a tf r L ml a s t n i g h t
O hy e a h . . .
w h a ty o u ' r e
3 b u t I d o n ' t r e a l l yu n d e r s i a n d
sayingD
. o y o u m e a nt h a t .
4 K a i €. . K a t e . t h a n kg o o d n € s sy o u l e h o m e
. . I ' v e b e e ns o w o r r i e d
5 L i s t e n. . i h i n k w e l e l o s i . . . a n d w e
s h o u l d n ' ib e w a l k i n gr o u n dh e r el a t e a t
n i g h t . . I ' r nn o t s u r et h a t i t ' s s a f ey o u k n o w
S o , g o o n , w h y e x a c t l yd i d y o u a g r e et o g o
o u t o n a d a t ew i t h h m ?
W e L lo, f c o u r s e h, e s a i dt h a t w a sw h y h €
h , a sl a t e h o r n eb u t y o u d o n ' t b e l i e v eh i r n ,d o
you?
c a n ' lb € l e v e i t W € ? ef l y l n go f f t o A u s t r a l i a
f o r a m o n t ho n l l l o n d a yt o s e e m y t w i n
s i s t e rl c a n ' tw a i t , ,
9 Y o u t €a l w a y sl a t e . . w h y c a n ' ty o u b e o n
t i m e f o f o n c ei n y o u r l i i e ?
1 0 C a ny o u s e e t h a t y o u n gg u y - . s t a n d i n g. .
l o o k i n gi n t o t h a t c a r ?W h a to n e a r t hd o y o u
t h i n k h e ' sd o i n g ?
1 1 5 h e s a i d . w h a t ? ? lI c a n ' tb e l i e v ei t . T h a t ' s
terrible,.,
Unit 5 Recording
6
W:WelL
. . $,here
shallstart?
Well.. the
b a s i cs t o r yi s t h a t a g i r l ,C a t h e r i n ei s, L e f a
t
b o x b y h e r m o t h e rw h o d i e d w h € ns h e w a s a
b a b y .C a t h € r j ndei s c o v e r tsh e b o xw h e ns h es
1 1 ,t h e s a r n ea g ea s w h e n h e r m o t h e rd l e d
n s i d et h e b o x a r e 1 1o b j e c i s ,l i k ea r e d h a t ,
a r n a po f p a r to [ E n g l a n da n d s o o n . . a l l o f
t h € m m e a n i n g l e sast f i r s t ,b u t w h € nC a t h e r i n e
b e g n s t o e x a r nn e e a c ho b j e c t ,s h e f i n d sn e w
t r u t h sn o t o n l ya b o u th e r m o t h e rb u t a l s o
a b o u th e r s e l fT h r o u g ht h e s eo b j e c t sC a t h e r i n e
f i n d st h a t h e r m o t h e rw a s n o t t h e s w e e t
t o m a nt h a t e v e r y o n el i k e si o
a n d i n n o c e nw
S o ,w h a td d l t h n ( o f t ?W e l l . . o v e r a l .L
l r e a l l ye n j o y e di t - l t s a r e a l l yi n t e r e s t i n g
i d e af o r a s t o r y a n d t h o u g h ti i w a sv e r y
w e L l w r i t t e i -N o t o n l yt h a t b u t t h e f e a r e l o t s
o f a s p e c t so f C a t h e r i n e 'lsf e t h a t l c a n t o t a l l y
r e l a t et o - d i f f e r € net v e n t s i, e e l i n g sa n d
t h o u g h t sw h i c hs o a c c u r a t e lm
y i r r o rr n yo w n
l i f e t h a t l l o u n dm y s e l l c o n s t a n t l y u n d e r L i n i n g
p a r t so f t h e t e x t .
H o w e v e rs,o m e t i m e sI f o u n di t a b i t s l o w
l w a n t e d t o k n o wa b o u tt h € o b j e c t sa n d i t
s e e m e dt o t a l ( ea g e st o w o r k o u t w h a t t h e y
w e r ea l l a b o u t .S t i l l a p a r t f r o mt h a t o n e
s m a l l t h i n g. . r t w a sv e r ye a s yt o r e a da n d ' d
c e d a i n l yr e c o m m e n d
it
Unit
5 Recording
7
W:Wellf_rst
of allit'sveryimportant
to make
surethatyourtimecapsule
container
is going
to lastfora verylofg time. . obviouslyrSo,
it rnustn't
rust,t mustn'tleakandit mustbe
veryhard-wearing,
Weweretoldto avod any
klndsol plasiics
andgo fora material
like
alumiium or starnLess
steeL.
Weputin various
books,
newspapers
and
photographs...
aLloiwhich
I stillthinkwere
a goodidea.Withbooksandpapers,
itl
important
to makesuretheyteprinted
on
qualitypaper- soth€ydont
thehighest
det€riorate
anyfaster
thanabsolutely
Onemistake
wemadewasto putrncolour
photographs
I mean,photographs
arevery
goodinformatjon
carriers
across
timeand
cuLtures.
butappar€ntly,
blackandwhiie
photographs
aremuchmorestableard
long-Lastlng
thancolourprints.,.so that's
someth
ngworthbearing
in nrind.
F o I F r t L g w l _ i , w e , o L l dh d v e ' lo - q h t
a b o u tw a s t h a ts o m €k i n d so l t e c h n o l o g y
b e c o m er e d u n d a n tW
. eput in an oldvideo
t a p e a n dt h e y p r o b a b l yw o n ' t b e a b l et o v i e w
t h a t h r h e i t h e c a p s u [ ef i n a l l yg e t so p e n e d S o ,
i t ' s p r o b a b l yb e s t n o t t o i n c l u d €a n y i t € m st h a t
r e q u i r ea n y t e c h n o l o g oy r e q u i p r a e ntto u s e , ,
o t h e rt h a ne y ea n d h a n d .
F i n a l l ya, n d a g a L np, r e t t yo b v o u s L y g u e s s ,
d o m a k es u r et h a t t h e o u t s i d eo i t h e c a p s u l e
i s c l e a r l yl a b e l l e du s i n ga p e r m a n e nrtn a r k e r
p e n . . s a y n g w h a t r t i s a n d a n yn e c e s s a r y
t n s t T u cot n 5
Unit 6 Recording
1
W : w a s a b o u t2 5 a n d l d b e e nw o r k i n ga t t h e
s a m ec o m p a n yf o r f i v ey e a r s A f r e n d s h o h r e d
m e h i s p h o t o so f a n a m a z l n gh o l i d a yh e ' dh a d
i n C e n t r a l A m e r i cO
a n ep h o t o i n p a d i c u l a r
r e a l l ys t r u c km e , t w a s w h e nh e w e n t d v i n g
a n d s a w t h e m o s t b e a u t i f u l f l s hy o u ' v ee v e r
s e e n l b e g a nt o h a v ei t c h yf e e ta n d w a n t e d
t o l e a v ew o r k a n d d o s o m e t h j n ge x c i t i n gl.' d
n e v e rb e e no u t o f E u r o p eb e f o r et h e na n d I
w a s a b i t w o r r i e da b o ut g o r n gS t r ag h t i r t o
Tapescripts
uncharted
tefiitoryl
I mean,didn'tknow
anythirg
aboutcountries
sodillerent
and
farawayfrommine.So,I decided
to goto
Spainfirst,to learna bitoFSpanish
andget
usedto beingaway
fromhome.I wentasan
independert
travellet
on myown,because
l
reallywanted
to do it all bymyself.
I spenta
monthwandering
around
thetownwhereI was
livingandlearring
Spanish
afd lovingevery
minutel
I wasbittenbythetravelbugthenand
wantedto explore
lotsol otherp[aces.
About
sixmonths
latet,aftersaving
upsomemoney,
lwert offto Guatemala,
fe€lingvery
confldent
a-d pleased
w tl-nyset. lhe firi wo ronths
weredifficult
andI experienced
realculture
shock,
I thlnk lt seemed
thateverything
was
different.
Lotsoi things
wentwrongtoo,like
I wasrobbed
twice,I couLdn't
findanywhere
to liveandlwasreallyhomeslck
andmissed
rnylamilylikemadlSoI hada bitofa bumpy
rideto startwith,butaftera while,I founda
jobteaching
English,
madesomefriends
and
startedto reallyenioymyself.In fact,I grewto
loveit so muchI stayedthereforthreeyearsl
Unit 6 necording 5
1 l h e s u - n m e i 5 q e _ e r avl o t a n dv e v l - - m i a
a n d q J i e - n , o n l o , r a b . F .l t s o f l e n o v p r . a c L
t o o a n dt h e r ei s n o b r e e z et o c o o l t h i n g s
d o w n .l t ' sv e r yd i t f e r e n itn t h e w i n t e r ,w h e n
ii's lgqland the sky is clear.
2 I ' m n o t s o k e e n o n m i l d w e a t h e r - \ r h e nL t ' s
n o t r e a l l yh o t o r c o l d .I m u c hp r e f e ri t w h e n
t h e w e a t h e ri s q u j t ed r a m a t i cL. k e w h e n
yougetscorching
d a y sa n d t h e ni t s u d d e n l y
plqlq for hours. 0r when its hot in the day
a n dt h e n y o u g e t s u b z e r ot e m p e r a t u r east
nlgnt.
3 T h ew e a i h e ri s v e r yc h a n g e a b l eI n. t h e
s u r n m e rt ,h e d a y sa r e o f t e nb r i g h tb u t c a n
b e s h o w e r ya n dt h e n i g h t sa r e s o m e t i r n e s
q[i!]y but not very cold ln the winter, it
s e e m s t od r i z z Lae l o t a n dt h e s k y i s o f t e n
grey.
Unit 6 Recording 6
P=Presenter
J=jamieW=WomanM=[tan
e. | .hin,,
P:Helloeveryor
we'l ma\ea sral a5
jamie.He's
ii's/.3o already.
Letmeintroduce
our'Bhutan
expert'
.,,He'sspenta substantial
arnount
oftirnein thisamazing
country
andL'm
surehe'llbeableto helpyouwithwhatever
queflesyoumaynave.
you.Well,I'lldo mybest..
Thank
Ji Hello.
PLease
feelfree
to askwhatever
youwantand
il I can'tanswer
anythrng
. Well,I'llsaysotl ...
So,fireaway..,
W:Err..yes.. whenis thebesttimeto go?
l: Well,in thewinterit canbe upto about
15cin thedaytime
butyouoftengetsubzero
temperatLtes
at night.Thereis a lotoisnow
in winter,
whlchcanmaketravelLing
dimcult.
It'shotin thesummer,
sorneiinres
really
scorching,
butit'soflenverywettoo ln my
experience,
thebestseasons
tovisitarespring
andaLrtumn.
Spring
is beautiFuLwith
wonderful
flowers
andlovely
sunnydays.Andautumn
is
fantastic
toowithmildweather
andclearviews
of theHimalayas
...Yes?
M:Whatactivities
doyourecommend?
l: Oneofthemostpopular
activities
forvisitors
to Bhutan
is to gotrekking
in theHimalayas.
Thehighmountains
anddeepvalleys
aretrirly
s p e c t a c u l aarn d y o u c a n s o r n e t i m ew
s alkfor
s e v e r adl a y sb e f o r ec o m i f g t o t h e n e x tv i l l a g e
Y o u ' l ls e e a h u g ev a r i e t yo f p l a r t l i f e r a n g i n g
i r o m d e n s ef o r e s t o t i n y m o u n t a i nf l o w e r s I, ' v e
b e e r n a n v I n F c . . .Y o - v l o n l b e d i s a p p on t e L .
c a n a s s u r ey o u l
M : T h a n ky o u .
W : E x c u s em e . . .I ' d l i k et o k n o ww h e t h e rw e
n € e dt o t a k e a n y t h i n gs p e c i a l .
J : A h y e s ,g o o d q u e s t r o nT h ec h a r g e a b l e
c l i r n a t em € a n si h a t y o u w i l l n e e da n
a s s o r t m e not f c l o t h e s ,i l ] c l u d i n gr a i n g e a r
a n d g o o d w a l k i n gb o o t s .T h es u n c a n b e v e r y
s l r o - g e s o e r ' a l l v ui no. h e n o - n i a i n 5 , s o y o L .
- e e d a h a i a n d c - n q l a c s e sl .d
d l s or e ,o m . r e n o
w a r m c l o t h e sf o r t h e e v e n i n g s , .i t c a n g e t
p r e t t yc h i l l y e, v e ni n s u r n m e r .
M : W o u l dw e n e e dt o c a r r ya l l o L r e
r quipmeft
on a trek?
l : N o .T r e k k i n gi s d o n e i n o r g a n i s e tdr i p s a n d
t h e yp r o v i d ey a k st o c a r r yy o u r l u g g a g eT. h e y
a l s oc a r r yt h e f o o da n d c a m p i n ge q u i p m e n t ,
w h i c hi s a l l p r o v r d e dI ' v ea l w a y sf o u n dt h e m
v e r yw e l l - e q up p e da n d h e l p i u l .
i / l : a n dw h o g o e sw i t h t h e t r e k k i n gg r o u p ?
m e a nd o t h e yp r o v i d ea g u i d e ?
-fere
s a l w a v sa g - i d e w f o s p e a\ ,
J : 0 h v e s. . .
E n g l i s ha n d a c o o ka n d o t h e ra s s i s t a n ttso h e l p
m a k et h e t r e k r u n s m o o t h l yT. h e y ' r ea l l v e r y
f r i e n d l y. . y o u r e a l l yd o n ' t n e e dt o w o r r ya b o u t
g e t t i n gl o s t o r a n y t h i n g.
W : C o u l dl a s k y o u w h a t t h e f o o d i s l i k e ?
, : M m m . . .j n t e r e s t i n gy,e s .T h e B h u t a n e s e a t
a l o t o l m e a t , d a i r yf o o d s ,v e g e t a b l eas n d r i c e .
T h en a t i o r a l d i s hl s a f a b u l o u sc h i [ i p e p p e r
a n d c h e e s es t e w c a l l e dE m a d a t s eI n
. fact,
c h i l u sa r ev e r yc o m m o ni n B h u t a na n dy o u ' l l
f l n d t h a t a l o t o F t h e i rd i s h e sa r e f l a v o u r e dw i t h
s p i c v . h i l l io e o p es . I l o v el h e l o o d ,I 1 1 U sst a y .
M : l ' - nr h i n l . i - go _ g o - g : n t h e a u r u r r '. D o y o _
k n o w i f t h e r e a r e a n y i n t e r e s t i n fge s t i v a l sa t
thattime?
J :W e L Ly ,e s ,t h i sy e a rt h e r ea r e ,a L t h o u g h
i h e d a t e so f f e s t i v a l vs a r ya c c o r dn g t o t h e
m o o n ,T h em o s t p o p u l a ro n e f o r t o u r i s t si s
h e l di n f h i m p h u ,t h e c a p i t a L
a n d t h i sy e a ri t ' s
i n O c t o b e rP. e o p l ed r e s si n t h e i rc o l o u r i u l ,
t r a d i t i o n acl l o t h e sa n dt h e r ei s a l o t o f m u s i c
a n d d a n c i n gi,n c l L r d i nt g
h e m a s k e ds w o r d
d a n c e sA
. l l t l ' e l a s tv a s d r ei n p o r t a t . e t i g i o t r s
e v e n t sf o r t h e p e o p l et o o f f e rt h a n k st o i h e i r
gods.
M : I ' v es e e np i c t u r e so f s t r i n g so l f l a g s l n t h e
m o u n t a i n sc, a n y o u t e l l r n ew h a t t h e ya r e ?
l : Y e s ,t h e y a r e p r a y e rf l a g s .A s s a i d ,t h e
p e o p l ea r e v e r yr e L i g i o uasn dt h e y
Bhutanese
u s e t h e f l a g sa s a w a y o f c o m r n u n i c a t i n$gr i t h
the heavens..
Unit 6 Recording
7
r When
l'rnabroad
I always
have
a goat
2
3
4
5
6
7
s p e a k i n gt h e l a n g u a g e .
W e ? eg o i n ga w a yf o r t h e w e e k e n dC
. ould
y o u [ o o ka f t e ro u r c a t ?
D o n ' tw o r r y .l t g o e sw i t h o u ts a y i n gi h a t l ' l l
rneet |/0u at the airport,
T h e r e ' s o m e t h r r gg o i n go n i n t h e c i t y
c e n t r e .t ' s f u l l o f p e o p l e .
A l t h o u g ht h e y a r g u ea l o t , t h e yw a n t t o m a k e
a go oftheir marriage.
| p r o m i s eI w o n ' tg o b a c ko r w h a t I ' v es a i d .
C a ny o u h e l pw i t h d i n n e rp l e a s e ?' v e b e e n
onthe go allday.
8 Y o u rt e a c h e rc a n ' tb e h e r et o d a y .S h e 3g o n e
d o w nw i t h a b a d c o L d .
9 c o u d n t d e cd e w l ' r 1 k t - e r r o g o i o r . t h e y
w e r ea l l g 0 r g e 0 u s ,
1 0 H e w e n t t o g r e a tl e n g t h s t or n a k es u r eh e
w a st o t a L l yp r e p a r e df o r t h e i n t e r v i e w
Unit 7 Recording I
1 S h a r o nO s b o r n eh a s r e p o d e d l ys p e n to v e r
€ 1 8 o , o o oo n c o s m e t i cs u r g e r ya n d s h e s a y s
i t w a s w o r t he v e r yp e n r y .H e rw e i g h tf e l l
F r o m1 o 2t o 5 4 k i l o s ,a f t e rs u r g e o n s
d r a m a t i c a l lrye d u c e dt h e s i z eo f h e r
s t o m a c hl,o r c i n gh e r t o e a t m u c hl e s st h a n
beforeS
. h et h e n h a d m u l t i p l eo p e m t i o n s
to rernoveexcessflesh Frornhet face, neck,
s t o m a c ha n d o t h e ra r e a so f h e r b o d y ,
2 C r a i gF l a t m a ni s a t e e r a g e r k n o w nt o h i s
f r j e n d sa s ' l a m B o y ' .S i n c ee a r l yc h i l d h o o d ,
h e h a s r e f u s e dt o e a t a n y f o r mo l m e a t ,
f i s h ,F r e s hf i u i t o r v e g e t a b l e sI .n s t e a df,o r
t h e l a s t l l y e a r s , h e h a s h a d f i v er o u n d so f
j a m s a n d w i c h eas d a y ,p l u s1 l i t r eo f m i l k .
Doctorsare conlused, however,as h€ is over
r . 8 n e r r e cl al l . w e i g h sa h p al h / / o r i l o s. - o
h a s n o f i l l i n g sn h i s t e e i h .
3 5 i r C h r i s t o p h ecre n t w a s t h e b o s so f t h e
m o b i l ep h o n ee r n p i r eV o d a f o n eF o r1 7 y e a r s
W h i l ei n t h e j o b , h i s s a l a r yi n c r e a s e h
du g e L y ,
r i s i n gt o a m a s s i v ef 2 . g m i l l i o ni n h i s l a s t
y e a r .N o w ,h e L i v e so f f h i s V o d a i o n ep e n s i o n
w h i c ht o t a l sf l o . 4 m ; l l i o n- m e a n i n gt h a t
h e c a ne x p e c ta n a n n u a L
p e n s i o no f a r o u n d
f 5 6 2 , o o oi o r t h e d u r a t l o no f h l s r e t i r e m e n t .
Unit 7 Recording 3
W : W e l l ,w e h a v ea r e a l l yb i g m e a l o i
ChristmasDay in our family.li's lovely but we
a l w a y se n d u p e a h n g t o om u c ha n d f e e l i n g t o o
f u l l l O L r kr a d i t i o n a I C h r i s t m adsi n n e ri s r o a s t
turkey,roast potatoes,carrots,parsnips,gravy
a n d c r a n b e r r sy a u c e ,f o l l o w e db y C h r i s t m a s
p u d d i n go i c o u r s e ,l s u p p o s es o m ep e o p l ei n
B r i t a i np r o b a b l yh a v es l i g h t l yd i f f e r e ntth i n g s ,
but thatb what we have. I love itl l\/y favourite
b i t i s t h e r o a s tp o t a t o e s. . a n d t h e r el s a
p a r t l c u l a r w a yo f c o o k i n gt h e mt o m a k et h e m
t a s t er e a l l yd e l i c i o u sF. r s t ,y o u p e e l t h e ma n d
b o i l t h e m l o r a s h o r t t r m e a b o u t5 m i n L r t e s ,
0 r 1 0 m r n u t e sm a x j m u mT- h e ny o u c o v e rt h e m
i n f l o u r T h e n ,y o u p u t t h e m o n a t r a y i n t h e
o v e r b u t t h e i m p o r t a nt h i n g i s t h a t t h e o i l o n
t h e t r a y i s v e r yh o t a n dt h a t y o u r o a s tt h e m i r
a v e r yh o t o v e n , ,
Unit 7 Recording
4
P:Androw,news
ofmore
celebrity
items
and
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a l s oL i k es o m eh i g h l i g h t sd o n e .I n f a c t ,l w a s
t h i n k i i g o f h a v r n gm u l t i c o l o u r ehdi g h l i g h t tsh i s
t i m e .W o u l dt h a t b e p o s s i b l e ?
R : 0 o o h y e s .T h a ts o u n d sf u n .T h e r e ' sa l s oa
s p e c i a l o i f eo
r n t o r n o r r o wW
. e l e o f f e r t n ga l l
c u s t o m e r sa n n d i a nh e a dm a s s a g e ,, m s u r e
y o u ' l il i k e i t . t ' s v e r yr e l a x i n g .
C : 0 h , y e s p l e a s eT h a tw o u l db e g r e a t .
R : L o v e l yW
. e ' l l s e ey o u t o m o f i o wa t 1 o . 3 o
C i T h a n ky o u . B y e .
Unit 8 Recording 2
B=Boss
E=Employee
B : S o ,g e n e r a l l iyh i n g sa r eg o i n gf i n e .W e ' v e
t a l k e da b o u ty o u ra t t i t L i d et o w o r k ,w h i c hi s
v e r yg o o d ,O v e rt h e t h r e ey e a r st h a t y o u , v e
w o r k e dh e r e ,y o u ' v es h o w na c o n s i s t e n t l y
p r o f e s s i o n aalp p r o a c ht o y o u rw o r k
E : T h a n ky o u . . I m u s ts a yt h a t I ' v ee n j o y e di t
v e r ym u c h ,T e s t i n gc o m p u t e g
r a m e si s g t e a t
f u n . . a n d m y c o l l e a g u easr e v e r yh e l p f u l a n d
s u p p o r tv e ,
B : S o ,t h e r e x t p a d o l t h i s a p p r a i s aiIs t o t h i n k
a b o u tt h e f u t u r e W h a td o y o u s e ey o u r s e l i
d o i n gn e x t ?
E: Well, as say,I've reaLlyenjoyedthe games
t e s t i n gw o r kt h a t ' v e b e e nd o i n g ,b u t I i e e Lt h a t
i t ' st i m e I m o v e do n n o w . . . m e a nI t h i r k l d
l i k e t o h a v ea b i t m o r e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y .
B : Y e s ,I t h i n kw e n e e dt o t h i n ka b o u tt h a t .
Y o u ' v es h o w ns o m eg o o d l e a d e r s h rspk i l l s
a n d w o n d e rh o w y o u w o u l d f e e la b o u t
b e c o m i n ga t e a ml e a d e rY o uk n o w ,t h e n y o ud
b e s u p e r v i s l n g at e a m o f g a m e s t e s t e r sa n d
m a k i n gs u r ee v e r y t h i n g e t sd o n e p r o p e r l y .
E : O h ,y e s . . .1 d l i k e t o v e r ym L r c h. t h o r r g hl ' m
n o t s u r et h a t ' v e g o t a l l t h e n e c e s s a r y s k i l tl so
b e h o n e s t I. m e a n ,l d l i k et h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ,
b u i e r r , , ,w o u l dt h e r eb e a n y m a n a g e m e n t
trarnrng?
B : Y e s ,o f c o u r s e W e r u n s o m ee x c e l l e nitn
h o u s ec o u r s e sw h r c hI t h i n kw o u l dg r v ey o u
, o n r d e n c eT
, h e r e ' so _ p c o T i n g u p . r e \ .w e e .
a n dt h e n a r o t h e ri n 2 m o n t h s ' t i m eA
. ndI think
l ' d r a t h e ry o u d i d t h e f i r s to n e ,s o t h a t w e d o n ' t
h r a s t ea n y m o r et i m e .W h a td o y o u t h i n k ?
E : W e l l ,y e s .I ' d b e v e r yi n t e r e s t e d t w o u l db e
g r e a tt o g e t s o m et r a i n i n gu n d e r l l a ya s s o o n
a s p o s s i b l eI. m e a n ,I ' d r a t h e rn o t w a i t l o r t w o
m o n i h s ,i i t h a i ' s 0 K w i t h y o u l d l i k et o b e a s
p r e p a r € ca s r c a n ,
B : 0 K . G r e a t l n t h a t c a s e ,l ' d b e t t e rg e t
y o u r n a m eo n t h e L i s ft o r t h e o n e n e x tw e e k
i m m e d i a t e l yI .h o p ei t ' s n o t i u l l u p a l r e a d y
d o n ' tt h i n k i t w i l l b e . P e r h a p sj ' t l j u s t c h e c k
w i h ' e a n n i en o w E x c J , er e j L s t o n e n i n u l e . , ,
0 h , h e l l oJ e a n n i eI.j u s t w a n i e dt o c h e c ki F
y o u ' v es t i l l g o t p l a c e so n t h e M a n a g e m e n t
S k i l l sc o u r s ef o r n e x tw e e k , , ,a h , y o u h a v e, , .
g r e a t. . C o u l dI p u t W i l l S c o t t ' sn a m ed o w n
p l e a s e ? .Y
- e s ,S - C - 0 - d o u b L
Te- . .
Unit 8 Recording
3
1 | f e e l t h a ti t ' s t i n r eI m o v e do n n o w
2 | t h i n k I ' d r a t h e ry o u d l d t h e f i r s tc o u r s e .
3 l d r a t h e Tn o t w a i t f o r t w o m o n t h s ,
' d b e t t e rg e t y o u r
n a r a eo n t h e l i s t
4
immediately.
Unit 8 Recording
I
2
3
4
5
6
5
S h e i s n ' tv e r ys t r i c ta n d s h e h a r d l ye v e rg e t s
u p s e to r w o r i e d
H e ' st h e k i n do f p e r s o nw h o h a so n e a i m
a n d w o r k sh a r dt o a c h i € v ei t , d o e s n ' th e ?
S h es d e t e r m i n e d
t o d o w h a t s h e w a n t sa n d
w o n ' t l i s t e nt o a d v i c ef r o r na n y o n e ,
H e u s e sw o r d si n a f u n n y ,i n t e l L r g e a
nn
td
I n t e r e s t r nw
ga y .
S h er e a l l ye n j o y sm e e t i n ga n dt a l k i n gt o
peopled
, o e s n ' ts h e ?
H e ' so n e o f t h o s ep e o p l ew h o i s a L w a y s
h o n e s ta n d d o e s i ' t k e e ps e c r e t sf r o m
7 H e h a sv e r y s t r o n g v i e w sa b o u ta l o t o F
t h i n g si n a w a y t h a t a n n o y sa l o t o f p e o p l e .
8 S h e ' st h e k i n do f p e r s o nw h o c a r e so n l y
a b o u th e r s e l fr a t h e rt h a n o t h e rp e o p l e .
9 H e ' sg o o da t m a k i n gt h i n g sh a p p e na n d
c h a n g eH e d o e s n ' tj u s t r e a c tt o e v e n t s ,
d o e sh e ?
1 0 S h e ' so f e o f t h o s ep e o p l ew h o i s g o o da t
secretly
people
controlling
ortricking
to g€t
whatshewants,
Unit 8 Recording 6
P=PresenterT=TonyGreenwood
P: Todayor SportsAlive we are looking at
s L r c c e sasn d a c h i e v e m e ni nt s p o r t W h o a r e t h e
m o s ts u c c e s s f uslp o r t s p e o p ljen t h e w o r l da n d
j u s t h o w d o t h e ya c h i e v et h e i r s u c c e s sT?h e r e
i c d l - - g e s o o r ' sp 5 v L h o l o giyn o - . L r vw o r l .- p
w i t h a l m o s ta l l a t h l e t e st h e s ed a y s .B L i td o e s
it work? s rt all really necessary?We'vegot
s p o r t sp s y c h o L o g i sTto, n yc r e e n w o o dh e r et o
h e l p u s a n s w e rt h e s eq u e s t i o n sH
, e l l o ,T o n y ,
W e L c o mteo t h e p r o g r a m m e
T :H e l l o . . .
P : S o , f i r s to f a l l , T o n y , l e t 'tsh i n k a b o u t
t h a t q u e s to n . l s s p o r t sp s y c h o l o grye a l l y
n e c e s s a r ysl o n e o e o o l pw o l d s a yl h a t y o Ur , F
e r t h e rg o t t h e d e t e r m i n a t i otno s u c c e e do r y o u
h a v e n ' tW h a td o y o u t h i n k ?
T : W e l l ,I s u p p o s et h a t ' ss o r n e t i m etsr u e .
T h e r ea r e e x a m p l e so f s p o r t sp e o p l e w h oa r e
e x t r e m e Lsyu c c e s s f ualn d h a v en e v e rn e e d e d
a n y h e l pw i t h t h e l r m e n t a t d e t e r m i n a t i o n
\ 4 o ' a n e d A l w a s p o D d b . yL l - en o . t t a n o u s o f
a l l . H e h a d c o m p l e t es e l f , b e l i e l t h aht e w a s t h €
b e s ta n d a b s o l u i e l yu n b e a t a b l e .
P : T h a t s r i g h t .N o b o d yn e e d e dt o r e m j n dh i m
t o l o c u so n t h e g o a l l
T : N o , , ,a n d t h e r ea r e o t h e re x a m p l e s
ofsportspeopl€
w h o s e e mt o b e t o t a l l y
L o m r ' r e d t o [ L e i ro w r s L ,c e s , t l e - a i s p l a y p r
B j o r nB o r g ,r a ri n g o ' v e ' J M i I a e l S L h J n a - r e r
a . d b d 5 \ e l b a l l p l a y FIr! , l i c h a e
J o r d a nL on a r c
a f e w .B u t t h e s ep e o p l ea r e a c t u a l l yq u i t e
r a r e . , ,m o s ts p o r t s p e o p ldeo a l o t o f w o r k o n
m e n t a lp r e p a r a t i oar n d g e t a l o t o f h e t pw i t h
s t a y i n gF o c u s s eodn w i n n i n g .
P : 0 K . . . s o w h a i d o t h e s p o r t sp s y c h o l o g i s t s
d o ?H o wd o y o u h e l p p € o p l et o s u c c e e d ?
T : w e l l , o u r b a s r cj o b i s t o p r e p a r et h e m i n d
a n dw e c a nd o t h i s i n d i f f e r e nw
t a y sd e p e n d i n g
o n w h o w e ? ew o r k i n gw i t h , O n eo f t h e m o s t
i m p o r t a nt h i n g sw e d o i s t o h e l pp e o p l e
c h a n g en e g a t i v ei h o u g h t si n t o p o s i t i v eo n e s .
d i d s o m ew o r kw i t h a f o o t b a l l er e c e n t l yH e
m s s e da r e a l l yi m p o d a n tg o a la n ds t a r t e d
t h i n k l n g t h a th e c o u l d n ' td o i t a n y m o r e .
t o l d h r mh e c o u l dd o i t b y t h i n k i n ga b o u t
sorn€thing
d i f f e r e n tn, o t o n m i s s i n gt h e g o a l .
A 1 p ' o r a c t i s i n gr h . - i n g
h" w.y rheba..
"Douw a sl - r n i n qi n s l € a d h
, i c w l - o l eg a r e m p . o v e o
dramaiically.
P : K e l L yH o l m e si s a g o o d e x a r n p l e
ofthat too,
i s nt s h e ?
I Y e s ,t h a t ' sr i g h t .F o rm L r c ho f h e r c a r e e r ,
s h ew a s c o n s t a n t l g
y e t t i r g i n j u r e da n d
t h e i w o r r y i n gt h a t i t w o u l d h a p p e na g a i n .
r e m e r n b € r t h asth e a d m i t t e df e e t i n gt o t a l l y
o u t o f c o n t r o l w h e ns h e g o t i n i u r e da l l t h e
time But the fact is, athletes haveto get over
t l r a ta n ds t a r t t o t a k e c o n t r o lm e n t a l l yT. h a t ' s
e x a c t l y w h ast h e d i d - a n d t h e no l c o u r s eh r o r
'wo gold
r e o a l c d t t _ e A h p - s O l y r p i c s ,w f c l
w a s a [ a n t a s t i ca c h ] e v e m e n t l
P : Y e s ,s h e w a s r e a l l yb r i l l i a n t l
T : T h e r ea r e o t h e rt h i n g sw e c a nd o t o h e l p
w i t h r n € n t a pl r e p a r a t i otno o .T h i n g sl i k e
r o u t i n e st o g e t t h e p L a y e rfso c u s s e da n d
w o r k i r g a s a t e a mc a nr e a L l h
y elp.
P : R o u t i n e sW
? h a td o y o u m e a i ?
T : W e l l ,r r e \ F w / e a l d n dA . l B a ( ( 9 r u g b yr e a n
!
trp""""ipt"
d o t h e i rH a k aw a r d a n c et o i o c u st h e m s e l v e s
a n d t o t r y a n dw o r r yt h e o t h e rt e a m T h e n
t h e r ea r e p e o p l ew h o h a v €t h e i r o w n p e r s o n a l
l u c( y r o u t i n e sF. o o t b a l l eAr n d yC o l es a i dh e
a l w a y sw a n t e dt o b e t h e L a s p
t l a y e ro n t o t h e
o i . h . I r ' g ' l s e e n a b i q 1 , ,o, i i f i .
, .
"r'o
Unit I Recording
7
1 ( e l l yH o L m em
s u s t b e r e a l l ye c s t a tc a b o u t
h e rs u c c e s s
K e l l yH o L r n em
s u s t b e a b s o l u t e Leyc s t a t i c
a b o u th e r s u c c e s s
2 l h e s p o r t sp s y c h o l o g i swth o $ , o r k e dw i t h
K e l l yH o L m em
s u s t b e r e a L l ey c s t a t i ca b o u t
T h es p o r t sp s y c h o l o g i swt h o w o r k e dw l t h
K e l l yH o L m em
s u s t b e a b s o l u t e l ye c s t a t l c
a D 0 u tn e Ts u c c e s s .
3 A n e x l r e m e l yb i g s p o r t sc e I t r e n e a rh e r eh a s
4
5
6
/
A v e r yb i g s p o r t sc e n t r €n e a rw h e r eh e r eh a s
justopened.
l f y o u \ ( ' a n t o g e t t o t h et o p i n a t h l e t i c s ,
i t ' s r e a l Lvyi t a l t o g e t y o u r s e Laf p r o f e s s i o n a l
trainer
W e n e v e- a p d l : o o r o a , F o r e 5 o a l .
w th realLyfilthy.
\ / l e e v e - F p d y 5r o o ' b a,l l ' F o r F , o a ,
a b s o l u t e l yf i l t h y .
S h €w a s a b s o l u t e l ye x h a u s t e da t t h e e n d o f
tne Tace.
I l o v er u n n i n g l.d b e r e a l l yd e v a s t a t e idf
h a d t o g i v ei i u p .
Unit I Recording
8
1 I w a i t t o b € t h e l a s t p l a y e ro n t o t h e p i t c h .
2 l \ d o n t h e r a c e€ a s i l y .
'm notgo ng
t o t r a i nt o d a y .
3
4 Y o uc a n d o i t b y t hi n ( i n g a b o uI s o m e t h i n g
different.
5 W h y a r ey o u f e € L i n sgo n e g a t i v e ?
6 W i l l y o u h e l pm e t o m o r o w ?
Unit 8 Recording
10
D i a t o g u e1
H=HostJ=,utie
H : a n d o u r n € x tc a l l e ri s J u l i e S
. o ,w h a t ' so n
y o u r m n d ,j u l i e ?
l : . . W e l l. . g u y sb a s l c a l l yc,h r s .
H : A h h - n o ww h e r eh a v e h e a r dt h a t b e i o r e ?
j : k n o w ,I k n o r ' . . b u t i i f e e l sl i k e I ' v et r i e d
€ v € r y t l r i nagn d I ' mj u s t n o t g e t t i n ga n y w h € r e .
H : S o . . w h a t e x a c t l yd o y o u m e a nw h e ny o L t
s a y y o u ' v e ' t r i e de v e r y t h i n g ' ?
. l e r o w a c t r i ( g u ,Lr ! e a
J : W e l .l I n " d
a c o u p l eo i r n o n t h sa g o a t w o r l ( . - W e u s e d
t o h a v ea b i t o f a l a u g ha n d a j o k ea r o u n dt h e
o " . e . d d l - " dl - - c h , o g ph - d r e w ' i r F r I
a , e e n e c r o b e g o - g p r e l y n , pl . , d . e ' t ' l i r
n o w a n d t h e n . . b u t t h e n h e s e e m e dt o j u s t
s t a r ta v o i d i n gr n e.
H i W h a t . . l i k eo v e r ng h t ?
j : W e l l. . d o n ' tk n o w a b o u ti h a t . b u t t w a s
prerrystrange
H : A n d n o t h i n gh a d r e a t l yc h a n g e d ?
l : N o . . w e l l . . I ( e l s a i dl h a db e e nt e x t i n g
h i n rq u i t ea b i t . .
H:What (indof things?
J : o h n o t h n g m L r c h. . . s i l l yt h i n g s. . .t e L l i n g
h i m t h o u g h th e w a s r e a l l yc u t e. y o u k n o w
H : A n y t h i n ge l s € ?
J rW e t l . . I d i d s e n dh i m t h e o d d c a r d. . a n d a
b i g c a k eo n h i s b i r t h d a y . t o t h e o f f c e . .
H :T ot h e o f f i c € ?
J : Y € a h . w e l L. m a y b et h a t w a sa b i t o v e rt h e
top .
D i a l o g u e2
H=HostM=Martina
H : S o M a d i n a . a p p a r € n t l y o u ' r es o m ek i n d
o f s p o r t s p e r s o r. . i s t h a t r i g h t ?
M: Yeahw
, e l l ,I d o a l o t o f l o n g - d i s t a n c e
r u f f i n g y o u k n o w m a r a t h o r sa n d s t u f l
H : 0 h y e a h . s o w h a t e x a c t l yw e r ey o u
p h o ni n g a b o u i ?
l I : W e l l ,j u s t r e c e n t l yI ,h a d t h i s r a c e. .
y o u k n o w ,a r e a l l yb i So n e ,t e l e v j s e d
and
e v e r y t h i n ga n d. . . w e l l ,h o w c a f p u t i t , , y o u
k n o w , j u s t c o u l d n ' td o i t
'couLdn't
H : W h a td o y o u m e a n .
do it'?
M : W p l l ,i i w r . r e a l l , fro r . b . r r b o - t q d - w a y ,
w a s l o s i n gt o u c hw i t h t h e l e a d e r sa n d l j u s t
h a d t o s t o p w h i c h s r e a l l yu r u s u a l f o rm e . . .
a n d t h e n I j u s t c o u l d n ' tg e t g o i n ga g a i n. . a n d
l u s r g a v eu p
M : A n d s i c e t h e i , ' v e l o s ta l l m y c o n f i d e n c e
. I ' m t h i n k i n gI m a yh a v et o g i v eu p f u n n i n g
a l t o g e i h e r. B u t r e a l L yi t,' s b e e nm y l i l e u n t i l
H rT \ d l . o - n d . e a l l y d i' c r l . . F a \ , ey o u L oP e d
t o a n y o n ea b o u th o w y o u t e f e e l i n g
L 4 :Y € s ,w € l l , w o r k w i t h a s p o r t sp s y c h o l o g j s l
b u t s h e ' sl u s t t e l l i g m e t o . .
D i a l o g u e3
H = H o s tT = T i m
H : S o w h a t ' sy o u r s s u et o d a yT i m ?
T: myjob I suppose
H r A n dw h a t d o y o u s L r p p o saeb o u ti t ?
T r W e l l ' v e b € e ni n r n yc o m p a n yf o r q u i t e
:ore.ir e now,
d i . , - , , ,w " I . . l s e e rI
"
t o h a v eg o t a b i i s t u c kl t h n k . .
H:Stuck?
T : Y € a hw e l l . O t h € rp e o p L e
whostarted
a r o u n dt h e s a m et i r n eh a v eg o t p r o m o t e da n d
m o v e du p a n d I ' m s t i l l d o i n ge x a c t l yt h e
s a m ej o b a s w h e nI s t a r t e d. .
H : A i d y o u f e e lI k e y o u ' v eb e e nd o j n gy o u r
c u r r e n jt o b o k ?
T : L J m m. . w e l l I s u p p o s et h e r eh a v eb e e n
o n e o r t w o p r o b l € m sI m € a nI d d n ' t r e a L l g
y €t
o n w t h o n e o f m y b i g g e s ct l i e n t s. . . b u t t h a t
w a s n ' ta l l m y f a u l ta s t h € yw e r €r e a l l ya n n o yn g
I p y d d n l ' F n e $trh e . o n r ' o . l
. b.l,
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T : W e l l ,m a y b ea c o u p l eo f t i m e s a w e e k . .
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Unit I Recording
2
M=Man W=Woman
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s t o r yt h a t a i r i e n do f m i n es e n t m e o n e r n a i l
t h e o t h e rd a y ?
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Unit I Recording
3
W = W o m a nM = l l l a n
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u p s o m ek i n do f s e c u r i t yc a r n e r a .
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Unit I Recording
5
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p a r t r c u l a r lcyl e v e rt h i n gw a s t h a t e v e nt h o L r g h
t h e b u r g l a rs t o l et h e c o m p u t e a
r ndwebcam,
t h e i m a g e sh a da l r e a d yb e e ns e r t v i a t h e
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t h j e f w h o l s q u i t ew e l l k n o w nt o u s .W h e nh e
i n i t i a l l yd e n i e db r e a k i n gi n i o i h e p r o p e r t yw e
w e r es i m p l ya b l et o s h o w h i m t h e f o o t a g e
T h ew e b . a r n a d e o - r i o o r F al v e a s y ,l l w a c a
p l e a s u r et o s h o w h i r nt h e p i c t u r e sa n d s e e h i s
e x p r e s s r own h e nw e i n t e r v i e w e h
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Unit I Recording 6
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London?
S . H :P l e a s ec, a l lm e H o l m e s t h a t ' sw h a t r n y
l r i e n d sa n df a m i l yc a l l m e w e l l ,y o u s e e ,
m y p a r e n t sw e r eg r e a tf a n so f t h e o r i g i n a l
Cona. Doylestories. Both parents,my father,
e s p e c i a l l yw,o u l ds p e n dh o u r sr e a d i n gt h e
a d v e n t u r etso m e e v e na s a c h i l d ,
l: Reallyr?
S . H :Y e s. . . a n dw h e n l w a s b o r n ,t h e y
d i s c u s s e da n u m b e ro l f i r s tn a m e s T
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w a n t e dt o g i v et h e i rs o n a n a m et h a t w a s
u n c o m m o n- b u t a l s ot h a t r e p r e s e n t e d
s o m e t h i n gs p e c i a lT. h e yd i d n ' tt a k el o n gi o
d e c i d eo n S h e r L o cHk o l m e sa s h e w a st h e i r
f a v o u r i t el i t e r a r yf i g u r e a r d t h e y k n e wn o o n e
w o u l d f o r g e tm e o n c et h e y ' dh e a r dm y n a m e ,
A n d b o y ,w e r et h e yr i g h t l
l r S o , h o w d o p e o p l ei n g e n e r arl e a c tw h e ny o u
i r t r o d u c ey o u r s e ltfo t h e m ?
5 . H :W e l l ,I g e t a l l k i n d so f r e a c t i o n rse a l l y
e v e r y t h i n fgr o mt h e u s u a l' W h e r e ' sD r
W a t s o n ' t y p ec o m m e n t st o p e o p l ej u s t t h i r k i n g
I ' n b e i n gf u n n y .
l : c a r i m a g i n e .. A n d d o y o u r n n d ?
S . H :N o , n o t a t a l l . I n e v e rh a v ed o n e I t h i n k ,
t l r eb e s tr e a c t i o nw a s w h e nI w a s i n S a n
F t a n c i s coon e t i m e .I w e n t i n t o a n e l € c t r o n i c
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s l o r F. o b J y a
l r F r e r k o e ' ] i n dr h e , o u n . e
w a s a y o l l n gl a d ya b o u t1 8 o r s o w h e n s h e
s a wt h e n a r n eo n r n yc r e d i tc a r ds h e s t a r e da t i t
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f r i e n d sI s a wt h e r e a lS h e r l o c kH o l m e s l
l: No!
5 . H :Y e c lY o - c o u d f a v e k n o L ( e dn e r o v e rw i r r l
a f e a t h e rT, h ee x p r e s s i oor n h e r f a c ew a s a s i f
s l r e d s € e na g h o s t l t w a s v e r y a r n u s i n g .
l : G i v e ny o u r n a m e ,d o y o u l e e l t h a ty o u h a v e
a n y s p e c i a l t a l e not r a b i l i t yt o s o l v em y s t e r i e s
in everyday[ife?
S . H rW e l l ,I w i l l s a yt h a t h a v i n gs u c ha n a m e
d o e sm e a nt h a t p e o p l eo f t e nt u r n t o m e i f
a n y t h i n gu n u s u aI h a p p e n sF. o re x a m p l ei,f I ' m
w a t c h i n g T Vw i t h a F r i e n d
o r f a m i l ym e m b e r
a n d a r a g i c i a - . o n e s o _ a n d d o e sr o 1 1 e( i n o
o f t r i c k - a l l e y e s t u r n t o m e t o e x p l a i nh o w
it\ done.
l: Really?
H o wl u n n y l
S . H : t ' s n o t a s i f i ' v ee v e ne v e rb e e ni n t e r e s t e d
i n n a g i c : A v w a y .a b o u tt w o y e o t sa g o ,a n o . d
f a T i l v f t i e r d c L d d e n l vd i \ a o p e a r e di ' o r w o r k
w i t h a b o u t$ 7 , o o o .H i s m o t h e rh a d n ' th e a r d
f r o mh i m f o r d a y s E v e nt h o u g hw e h a d n ' t
b e e ni n t o u c hf o r y e a r s s, h e c a l l e dm e a f t e rt h e
l o c a lp o l i c es a i dt h e y c o u l d n ' th e L pT ok e e p
h e r c a l m ,I m e t h e r a t h e r s o n ' sh o L r s ep,u l l e d
o u t m y t o r c ha n d m a g n i l y i n g l a s s ,a n ds l o w l y
w e n t t h r o u g ht h e h o u s el o o k i n gf o r c L u e s .
l : A n d d i d y o L ra c t u a l l yF r d a n y ?
S . H :W e l l ,f o ( u n a t e l y ,h e h a d l e f t s o m eo i h i s
e m a i I m e s s a g eusn d e l e t e di n h i s c o m p u t e r
s y s t e m .l t s e e m e dt o s u g g e st h a t h e ' d
d e l i b e r a t e ltya k e nt h e m o n e yt o l e a v et o w n
a n d l i v ei n a w a r m e r c l i m a t e
w h i c hw a sw h a t
t o l d h i s m o t h e r I. n t h e e n d ,i t t u r n e do u t t h a t
h e ' e a l / e dr e c o u l d nr r e a l l ys t a ' ld n e w. l e o r
o r l y $ / , o o o a n d h e r e t u r n e dt o i a c et h e j u s t i c e
s y s t e r n t w a s h a r df o r h i m , b u t l w a s p l e a s e d
t o h a v ew o r k e do u t w h a t h a p p e n e d l
l : i u s t l i k ey o u r n a m e s a k e. . .
Unit I Recording 7
P : N i c kL e e s o n 'lsi f es t a r t e da s a c l a s s i cr a g s t o r i c h e ss t o r y .H e w a s b o r n i n t o a w o r k i n g
c l a s sf a m i l ya n d l e f t s c h o o lw i t h a [ m o s tn o
q u d l i - ' a r i o s , \ o - e r h e l e 5 5 i,n . h €e a ' v t 9 8 o s ,
h e g o t a s e r i e so F c l e r i c a l j o bw
s i t hd i f f e r e n t
b a n k s ,e n d i n gu p w i t h B a r i n g sa, w e l l k n o w n
i n v e s t m e nbt a n k ,w h e r eh e d i d w e l l a n d
receivedrapid promotion,
B e l o r el o n g ,h e w a s n r a k i r gm i l l i o n sf o r
B a r i n g sb y b e t i i n go n t h e f u t u r ed i r e c t i o no f
. h e l a p d n e s es t o c ( e ^ c h a _ g eF. i q b o s 9 e 5b a c k
i r L o n d oi w e ' e d e l g \ t e d w i r h h i \ l a g e p r o n L s
a n d p u t m o r ea n d m o r et r u s t i i h i m .B y t h e
e n d 0 1 1 9 9 3h, e h a d m a d em o r et h a nf l o m
- a b o u t1 0 %o f t h e t o t a l p r o f i to f i h e b a n k f o r
t h a t y e a r H o w e v e rw, h a t t h e b a n kd i d n ' tk n o w
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B y D e c e r n b e r ' 9 t4h e l o s s e sh i d d e ni n t h a t
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c l i e n t n v e s t o r s a w t h e i rs a v i n g sw i p e do u t ,
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l o s tt h e i rj o b s .
W h a tb e c a m eo f L e e s o n ?
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l ' i - nI o s x a - o a - a l - y " a r c - j a , L e i s c a i df c ,
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h i s b o o k ,a n dt h e f e e f o r s e l l i n gh i s s t o r y
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Unit 10 Recording 1
1 O r c e h a da p r e m o r i t i o nt h a t s o m e t h i n g
a w f u l w a sg o i n gt o h a p p e nt o a n o l d
s c h o o lf r i e n do f m i n e ,C a r o l aw
, h o ' dm o v e d
t o A u s t r a l i aa n d I h a d n ' ts e e ni o r a g e s ,
s o m e h o wk n e ws o m e t h j n gw a s g o i n gt o
h a p p e fa n d t h e n l a t e rt h a t d a y ,a n o t h e rf r i e n d
o f m i n ep h o i e d t o s a yt h a t C a r o l ah a d h a d
a n a c c i d e nat n dw a s i n h o s p i t a lA. f e w o t h e r
t h i n g sl i k et h a t h a v eh a p p e n € dr e c e r t l ys, o
n o h r a d a y st a k em y p r e m o n i t i o nas b i t m o r e
s e r i o u s l yt h a n I u s e dt o l
2 l t w a s r e a l l yw e i r dt h e o t h e rd a y b e c a u s e
w a s a t m y b r o t h e r ' s3 o t h b r t h d a yp a r t ya n d
w a s t a l k i n gt o s o m ep e o p l et h e r e. . . A n d t h e n
i n t h e m i d d l eo f t h e c o n v e r s a t r o Ins, u d d e n l y
h a d a r e a l l y s t r o n gl e e l i n g o F d 6 j a
vu ljustfel
t h a tt h e w h o l et h i n g. . .y o u k n o w ,t h e p l a c e ,
t i r ep e o p l e ,t h e e x a c tc o n v e r s a t i o nh,a d a l l
h a p p e n e db e f o r ei n e x a c t l yt h e s a m ew a y . t
m a d em e f e e lq u i t es t r a n g ef o r a c o u p l eo f
minutes,
n dm o ' ei n r r y l e . . | - \ I v e . e a r n e o
3 l \ , , l oar F
t o t r u s t m y i n t u i t i o n. . . t c o u l db e a n y t h i n g
r e a l l y , l i k ed e c i d r f g w h i c hj o b t o a p p l yf o r ,o r
k n o w i n g w h i c hr o a dt o t a k ei l l g e t l o s t ,o r
h a v i r ga f e e L i ntgh a t s o m e o n e ' lsy i n gt o m e
l f i n d i f l s t a r ta n a l y sn g t h l n g sa n dt r y i n g t o
w o r k i t o u t , I g e t c o n f u s e dB. u t i f I g o w i t h m y
g u t f e e l i n gw
, i t h o u tt h i n l ( i n ga b o u tt h i n g st o o
m u c h , t ' s f u n n yb u t f i n d I ' r nu s u a l l yr i g h t .
4 I!4ycousinsare twins and th€y have always
b e e ni n c r e d i b l cy l o s e .N o wt h e y a r e o l d e r ,
t h e y s t i l l h a v ea n a m a z i n g s i x t h
s e n s ea b o u t
e a c ho t h e r T h e ya l w a y ss e e mt o k n o ww h e n
s o m e t h i n gh a p p e n st o t h e o t h e ro n e ,e v e n
i f t h e y ? er n i l € sa p a r t .0 n e o f t h e m k n o w si l
s o m e t h i n gi m p o r t a n h
t a s h a p p e n e dt o t h €
o t h e ro n e ,e s p e c i a l liyf t h e y ? ei n t r o u b l eo r
h u r t i n s o m ew a y .
5 I ' v eo n l yb e e nL l n c o n s c i o uosn c ei n m y l i f e
a n d t h a t w a sw h e nI w a s p l a y i n gf o o t b a t l
w r t hs o r n ef r i e n d sW
. e u s e dt o p l a ye v e r y
S u n d a ya n d I r e a l l ye n j o y e di t , b u t I o f t e ng o t
i n j u r e dO
l n ed a y , w a s k n o c k e du r c o n s c i o u s
b y s o m e o n e. . I s t i l l d o n ' tr e a l l yk n o w h o w i t
h a p p e n e d. . I j u s t r e m e m b ew
r a k i n gu p , l y i n g
o r t h e g r a s sl o o k i n gu p a t a g r o u po f a b o u t
t w e n t yp e o p l ea l l s t a r i n gd o w na t m e , a n d I
h a d n ' tg o t a c l u ew h a t w a s g o i n go n
5 | t h i n k i h a t I ' r na v e r ys i n g l e - r n i n d epde r s o n
- m e a n ,I r e a l l yd r i v em y s e l fh a r dt o s u c c e e d
a t e v e r y t h i n gd o . . .T h eo t h e rd a y ,I w a s
w o n d e r i n gw h y I l e t m y s e l f w o r ks o h a r da n d
g e t s o s t r e s s e da b o u it h i n g s ,a n d I t h i n k i t ' s
m a y b eb e c a u s eI h a v ea s u b c o n s c i o ufse a ro f
f a i l u r e I. t h i n k t h a t d e e pd o w n ,w i t h o u tr e a l l y
b e i n ga w a r eo f i t m o s to f t h e t i m e , I ' m r e a l l y
s c a r e do f n o t s u c c e e d i nign e v e r y t h l n gd o .
M a y b er t ' st o d o w i t h m y p a r e n t sT. h e ya l w a y s
e x p e c t e dm e t o b e t h e b e s ta t s c h o o l
Tapescripts
Unit 10 Recording
2
D i a l o g u e1
l = l n t e r v i e w e rW = W o m a nM = M a n
l : H o wd o y o u i e e l a b o u tP a u LM c K e n n a ?
W : W p l l .I p c l o I
p _ o b a by g - . i r p n y : e . t .
"s
t s o u n d sa s i f h i s c l i e n t sg o a w a ys a t s f i e d S o
e v e n f w e d o n ' t r e a l l yu n d e r s t a n d
howhedoes
i t , i f y o ! a s k m e , i t d o e s n ' tr e a L l m
y atterHe
m u s t b e d o i n gs o m e t hn g r i g h t lS o m ep € o p L €
wa-l to ( ow I o{,.\e /t ngwo.,c, bur '-r in
f a v o u ro i j u s t a c c e p t i n gi t f i t w o r k s l o r y o u ,
a n d n o t a n a l y sn g t h i n g st o o m u c h l
D i a l o g u e2
1 :W h a ta r ey o u rv i e w so f h y p n o s i s ?
D oy o u
h a v ea n y s t r o n gf e e l i n g sa b o u i i i ?
/ \ 4Y
: e s , d o l ' v ea l w a y sb e l i e v e dt h a t p e o p l e
l i k e P a u l l M c K € n naar e j u s t g o o ds h o w m e n
T 0m y m i n d ,i t ' s a L lr u b b i s h- h e ' sl u s t g o o da t
b € i n gn r c et o p e o p L es,o t h e y ? ea b i t h a p p i e r
a t t h e t i m e B u t ,I h a v em y d o u b t sa b o u th o w
n r u c hh e c a na c t u a l l yd o f o r p e o p L €
rn the
l o n g - t e r m ' m s c e p tc a l t h a t h y p n o ss h a s a n y
e l f € c ta t a l l a n d ' m a g a i n s p
t e o p l ep a y i n gf o r
a s e r v l c ea n d g e t t i n gn o i h i n gr € a li n r e t u r n
I r n e a n , d o u b t h y p n o s i sa c t L r a LwLoyr k sf o r
D i a l o g u e3
l r W h a td o y o u t h i i k o f h y p n o s i s ?
M r F f o mm y p o i n to f v i e w ,I h a v et o s a yt h a t
w h e n w e n t f o r a s e s s i o nt o a h y p n o t i s ii,t w a s
f a f t a s t i c .l t s a v e dm e n y j o b . m e a n ,I w a s
a b L et o d e a lw i t h t h e s t r € s so i m y j o b m u c h
b e t t e ra f t e rt h a t a n d ' m c o n v i n c e dt h a i i i w a s
l l F l - \ o n o s ' s l ^ " 1h e l p e or e .
f a ,t , i l ^ o a r ' l
g 0 n et o t h e s e s s i o f , s u s p e c tl w o u l d ' v eL e f t
m y j o bb y n o w
Unit 10 Recording 3
l = l n t e r v i e w e rE = E x p e r t
l:Welcane ta ll|adern World Orthe
p r o g r a m m teo d a y ,w e ' r et a l k n g t o j o C a r l s o n
a b o u tt h e p o w e ro f p e r s u a s i o nA l l a r o u n du s ,
t h e r ea r e i m a g e so n t e l e v r s i o nj l,n g l e so n t h e
r a d i o ,a d v € r t si n r n a g a z i r e ss,o u n db i t e so n
t h e n € w s ,o f f e r si n t h e s h o p s T h e y ? ea l l h a r d
a t w o r ( t r y i n gt o m a ( € u s b e l i e v es o m e t h i n g
o r p e r s u a d r nugs t o b u y s o m e t h i n gF, e a rn o t ,
h o w e v e rJ,oC a r l s o nl s h e r et o r e v e a l t h e i r
s e c r e i sa f d s h o w u s h o w t o r e s i s ta l l t h i s
p e r s u a s i o nHl e L L joo,.
E:Hello.
g € o p l ei s b l g b L r sn € s s ,
l : F i I s t ,p e r s u a d i n p
i s n ' ti t ? m e a n ,s u p e r r n a r k e tasn d p o l i t i c i a n s ,
a d v e r t i s e rasn d s a l e s p e o p Lteh,€ ya l l t a k e i t
v e r ys e r j o u s l yd, o f ' t t h e y ?
E : Y e s T h e ys p e n da l o t o f r n o n e yo n w o r k i n g
o L r t h e b e s t p s y c h o l o g i ctarli c k st o g u a r a n t e e
t h a t e v e nt h e m o s tc a u t i o U sa m o n gu s a T e
o p e nt 0 m a n i p u l aot n
l : L e t ' st a k es u p e r m a r ( e ttsh e n . H o wd o t h e y
m a k eu s b u y t h i n g sw e d o n t n e c e s s a r i lwy a n i ?
W h a ta r e s o m eo f t h e i r f i c k s ?
E : W e l l ,f i r s t l y t, h e yt r y t o r e l a xu s b y p l a y i n g
m u s i ca n d b y p u m p i n gt h e s m e l lo f f r e s h l y b a ( e d b r e a di n t o t h e s t o r e .S t u d i e sh a v e
s h o w r t h a t t h e s m e Lm
L a k € sp e o p l eb u y m o r € .
l : I k n o wl ' v ed o n e t h a tw i t h o u te v e nt h i n ( i n g
a b 0 u tr t
E : E x a c t l y . r n o s io f t h e t i m e ,w e a r e
c o m p l e t e l yu n a w a r eo f ! . / h a t ' sh a p p € n i n gl.t ' s
s u o c o n s co u s p e T s u a s t o. n
l : A n dw h a t a b o u t' r e w a r dc' a r d s ?
E:Ahyes Well,fromthesuperr.arket's
point
Unit 10 F,ecording 7
o l v" w , e w " , l " d , . e a J q e s u . . F s s ( o r / ,
S=Student
Ascustoraers,
wethinkwe'rebeingrewarded
S : i c a n ' tb e l i e v et h a t s p e l l i n gi s s o d i f f i c u l t
iorshopping
at thatparticular
sup€rrnarket.
i n E n g l i s hI.n S p a n i s hi,t ' s s o e a s y r T h e raer e
What's
reaLly
happenirg,
hou,ever,
is thatthe
s o m a n y€ x c e p t i o n isn E n g l i s ht h a t e v e r yt i m e
, . o r es b d , . a l/ o -o v e n p i n ou 5r os f o p
've
L e r " d q d ; , b - l d l s og e r l g r : t a .i n o I d Lo r l
a b o u tw h a t w e ? eb u y i n g .
l : l l l o r ei n f o r m a t i o n
t o h e l p t h e mw o r k o u t h o w
t o p € r s u a d €u s t o b u y e v e nr n o r et h i n g s
E : T h a t ' sr i g h t l
E : S o ,w h a t a b o u tt h e a d v e . t i s i n g
industry?
W h a i s e c r e t sc a ny o u r e v € a l a b o u t h a t ?
l n w h a tw a y sd o e sl t p e r s L l a dues t o b L l y
p a r t i c u l apr r o d u c t s ?
E : W e L l. . t h e r e ' ss o m u c h .A n d n o m a t t e r
h o w m u c hw € t h r n kw e k n o wa b o u tw h a tt h e
a d v e r t i s e rasr e d o r n g . t h e y s t i l l t e n dt o w n l
W e s t i l l i a l l f o r t h e a d v e r ta n d e n d u p b u y i n g
the product
l: Yes
E : B a s i c a L ltyh,e r ea r et w o t y p e so i a d s . . t h o s e
t h a t a p p e a l t ot h e t h i n k i n gp a r t o f o u r b r a i n
a n d t h o s et h a t a p p e a l t ot h e e r n o t i o n apLa r t .
l : S o ,f o r w h a t t y p eo f p r o d u c t sw o u l d t h e y
a d v € r t i s eb y a p p e a l i n gt o t h e t h r n k i n gp a r to f
our braln?
E rW e l Lt,h e y a r € r n o s t l yu s e df o r t h i n g s
w h i c hh a v el i t t l ee m o t o n a l a p p e a Lf o
,r
e x a m p l ec, l e a n i n gp r o d u c t sT h e yg i v eu s
information
a b o u tt h e p r o d u c ta n d t r y t o
i n f l u e n c eu s t h a t w a y H o w e v e ra, d v e r t s
w h ; c hg o f o r o u r e m o i i o n sa r e u s u a l l ym u c h
m o r es u c c e s s f uIl n. u s i n ge m o t i o n a
, dverts
e x p L o ipt s y c h o a n a L y t i ichael o r € s a b o u ti h e
s u b c o n s c i o u Is m e a n ,t h e y k n o wt h a t i m a g e s
c a f r e a c ho u Te m o t l o n sa l a l e v e l t h a tw e a r e
n o . o , ^ d r eo I d _ d \ o e r u c ' 1 1 o r ep o w e . ' - l :
"
persuadinu
gs to do things
l : S o ,w h a t k i n d so f e m o t i o n sa r e u s e d ?
t : W " , d d r " l . f o d i f r e " I o r d n o \ o ' r o tF 5
o f i e nw a r r l o - 1 d Le . c F e .t a l ^ e b e l o n g -, o
e x a m p l eb y s h o w i n gu s h o w t o b u y t h e r i g h t
c L o t h e tso f i t i n w t h o u r f r i e n d sA n d a d v e t s
p l a yo n o u r n e e dt o f € e ls a f e .
ior insurance
F o re x a r n p l et h e ym i g h ts h o wa i a m i l yh a p p i l y
s p € n d i n gt h e i r i n s u r a n c e
m o n e yb u y i n gn e w
t h i i g s w h e nt h e r h o u s eh a s b e e nb u r g l e d .
SelFesteem
r s a n i m p o r i a n io n e t o o .l M a n ya d s
f o r l u x u r yp r o d u c t sl i k € e x p e n s i v cea r s ,w o r k
o n m a( i n g u s f e e lg o o da b o u to u r s e l v e a
s nd
t h e l i f e s i y l e st h a t w e c o u l dh a v e
l : C e L e b r i l i easr e L r s e da L o tt o o ,a r € n ' tt h e y ?
E : Y e s ,t h a t s v e r yp o p u l a rC e l e b r i t i easr eo f t € n
u s e da s a q u i c l (w a y o f g e t t i n gt h e m e s s a g e
a c r o s sT, h e i rs u c c e s sa n d f a m i l i a f l t ym a k e s
t h e m f e e L s a f €i n
, t e r e s i i n gc,o o l , . . w h a t e v e r
p o p s t a r d r i n k i n ga
. . .W e s e e o u r f a v o u r r t e
p a r t i c u l afri z z yd r i n ka r d w e ? ei m r n € d i a t e l y
p e r s u a d e tdo b u y i t l
Unit 10 Recording 5
persuade
1 They
usto buythings
wemaynot
2 W e c a r r yo n u s i n gr e w a r dc a r d sa t t h € s a m e
supermari(et
3 A d v e r t si o r c l o t h e so f t e nw a n t t o m a k eu s
f e e Lt h a tw e b e l o n g .
4 l t r y t o r e s i s tb u y i n ge x p e i s i v ed e s i g n e f
c t o t h e sb u t i t ' s d i i f i c u l t l
5 Y o uc o u l dt r y l e a v i n gy o u r c r e d i tc a f da t
h o m € f y o u d o n ' tw a n t t o s p e n ds o m u c h
ihink
L € a r n ead r u l e ,I f i n d a w o r d t h a t
b r e a k si t l
B u t I d o t h i n kt h e r ea r es o r n eq u i t e n i c ew o r d g
i n E n g L i s hI m
. e a n ,t h e ya r e h a r dt o s p e l l ,b u t
l i k e t h e f a c t t h a ts o m eo f t h e m a r es o s t r a n g e
. I k e t h e g - h - tw o r d s ,f o r e x a r n p l e. . b r o u g h t ,
c a u g h t ,f i g h t ,. . .y o u k n o w. . w h y d o t h e y h a v e
g-lr-t?
I t h i r k t h e b e s tw a y t o r e m e m b ehr o w t o s p e l l
w o r d s ,i s i u s t t o r e p e a t h e m . . I w r i t e t h e m
d o w nl o t s o f t m e sa n d I a l s oc h a n tt h e s p e l l i n g
t o m y s e l f . .Y o uk n o w ,l i k e ,f o r e x a m p l e ,
b r o u g h t . s. a y B R O U - - c - H - l B
-R--O U
G-H-l
B R--0-U
G H T .l t ' s a b i t l k €
b r a i n w a s h i n g. o r m i n dc o n t r o l . . i.n t h e e n d ,
it wor(sl
