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Homonyms in English

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• МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ
ФЕДЕРАЦИИ Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
учреждение высшего образования «Алтайский государственный
гуманитарно-педагогический университет имени В.М. Шукшина» (АГГПУ им.
В.М. Шукшина)
Институт Гуманитарного Образования
Дисциплина: Теоретический курс английского языка. Лексикология
HOMONYMS IN ENGLISH
Выполнила:
Студентка группы ЯZAH-171
Фоминых Анора
Преподаватель: доц. Липустина О.М.
Бийск
2020
HOMONYMS IN ENGLISH
THE GENERAL PURPOSES:
• 1) TO STUDY DIFFERENT SOURCES OF HOMONYMS.
• 2) TO STUDY CLASSIFICATIONS OF HOMONYMS.
• 3) TO HELP STUDENTS USE HOMONYMS IN THE COURSE
OF STUDYING ENGLISH.
MONA: “WHEREVER I’M DOWN IN THE DUMPS I BUY
NEW CLOTHES”
LISA: “SO THAT’S WHERE YOU GET THEM!”
TO BE IN THE DUMPS MEANS TO BE IN BAD MOOD.
THE SECOND MEANING OF THE WORD DUMP IS THE
PLACE WHERE THE RUBBISH IS KEPT.
SOURCES OF HOMONYMS
• 1) PHONETIC CHANGES
• 2) BORROWING
• 3) CONVERSION
• 4) SHORTENING
• 5) WORDS WHICH WERE MADE BY SOUND-IMITATION
PHONETIC CHANGES
• NIGHT AND KNIGHT, FOR INSTANCE, WERE NOT
HOMONYMS IN OLD ENGLISH AS THE INITIAL K IN THE
SECOND WORD WAS PRONOUNCED, AND NOT DROPPED
AS IT IS IN ITS MODERN SOUND WORD.
BORROWING
• IN THE GROUP OF HOMONYMS RITE N.-TO WRITE V.-RIGHT
ADJ. THE SECOND AND THE THIRD WORDS ARE OF NATIVE
ORIGIN WHEREAS RITE IS A LATIN BORROWING (LAT. –
RITUS).
• BANK (“SHORE”) IS A NATIVE WORD AND BANK (“A
FINANCIAL INSTITUTION”) IS AN ITALIAN BORROWING.
CONVERSION
• COMB, NOUN-TO COMB, VERB
• PALE, ADJECTIVE-TO PALE, VERB
• MAKE, NOUN-TO MAKE, VERB
• HOMONYMS, WHICH ARE THE SAME IN SOUND AND
SPELLING BUT REFER TO DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF
PARTS OF SPEECH, ARE CALLED LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL
HOMONYMS.
SHORTENING
• FAN( AN ENTHUSIASTIC ADMIRER OF SOME KIND OF
SPORT, CELEBRITIES ETC) N. IS A SHORTENING
PRODUCED FROM FANATIC.
• ITS HOMONYM IS A LATIN BORROWING FAN (PIECE OF
PAPER BY WAVING IT YOU FEEL COOLER)
WORDS WHICH WERE MADE BY
SOUND-IMITATION
• BANG, N.(“A LOUD, SUDDEN, EXPLOSIVE NOISE”) THIS
WORD WAS MADE BY SOUND-IMITATION.
• BANG, N.(“A FRINGE OF HAIR COMBED OVER THE
FOREHEAD”)
HOMONYMS
Homonyms
proper
Homographs
Homophones
HOMONYMS PROPER
• “A TAILOR GUARANTEES TO GIVE EACH OF HIS CUSTOMERS A
PERFECT FIT.”
THE JOKE IS BASED ON HOMONYMS.
1) FIT-PERFECTLY FITTING CLOTHES.
2) FIT-A NERVOUS SPASM.
HOMONYMS WHICH ARE THE SAME IN SOUND AND SPELLING ARE
TRADITIONALLY TERMED HOMONYMS PROPER.
HOMOPHONES
• “WAITER!”
“YES, SIR!”
“WHAT’S THIS?”
“IT’S BEAN SOUP, SIR.”
“NEVER MIND WHAT IT HAS BEEN. I WANT TO KNOW WHAT IT IS
NOW.”
BEAN AND BEEN ARE HOMOPHONES. AS THE EXAMPLE SHOWS THEY
ARE THE SAME IN SOUND BUT DIFFERENT IN SPELLING.
HOMOGRAPHS
• TO LEAD [LI:D]- TO CONDUCT ON THE WAY, GO BEFORE
TO SHOW THE WAY.
• LEAD [LED]- A HEAVY, RATHER SOFT METAL.
• HOMOGRAPHS ARE WORDS WHICH ARE THE SAME IN
SPELLING BUT DIFFERENT IN SOUND.
CLASSIFICATION OF HOMONYMS
• 1) FULL HOMONYMS
• 2) PARTIAL HOMONYMS
A) SIMPLE LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMS
B) COMPLEX LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMS
C) LEXICAL HOMONYMS
FULL HOMONYMS
• MATCH, N.-A GAME, A CONTEST
• MATCH, N.-A SHORT PIECE OF WOOD USED FOR
PRODUCING FIRE.
• FULL HOMONYMS ARE WORDS WHICH REPRESENT THE
SAME CATEGORY OF PARTS OF SPEECH AND HAVE THE
SAME PARADIGM.
SIMPLE LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL
HOMONYMS
• TO FOUND, V.
• FOUND, V. ( PAST INDEFINITE, PAST PARTICIPLE OF TO FIND)
• SIMPLE LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMS ARE WORDS WHICH
BELONG TO THE SAME CATEGORY OF PARTS OF SPEECH. THEIR
PARADIGMS HAVE ONE IDENTICAL FORM, BUT IT IS NEVER THE SAME
FORM.
COMPLEX LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL
HOMONYMS
• ROSE, N.
• ROSE, V. (PAST INDEFINITE OF TO RISE)
• COMPLEX LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL HOMONYMS ARE WORDS
OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF PARTS OF SPEECH WHICH
HAVE ONE IDENTICAL FORM IN THEIR PARADIGMS.
LEXICAL HOMONYMS
• TO HANG, V. (HUNG, HUNG)
• TO HANG, V. (HANGED, HANGED)
• PARTIAL LEXICAL HOMONYMS ARE WORDS OF THE SAME
CATEGORY OF PARTS OF SPEECH WHICH ARE IDENTICAL
ONLY IN THEIR CORRESPONDING FORMS.
CONCLUSION
• THE STUDYING OF THE HOMONYMY IS
VERY IMPORTANT FOR THE ENGLISH
LANGUAGE BECAUSE THIS
PHENOMENON IN THE ENGLISH
LANGUAGE IS VERY COMMON.
• ONE OF THE VALUES OF BECOMING
FAMILIAR WITH HOMONYMS IS THAT
THEY HELP TO MAKE LANGUAGE
VISIBLE. HOMONYMS HELP STUDENTS
TO BE FLEXIBLE AND EFFECTIVE
THANKS FOR ATTENTION!
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