688 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 ɍȾɄ 541.124:547.332 ɄȼȺɇɌɈȼɈ-ɏɂɆɂɑȿɋɄɈȿ ɂɁɍɑȿɇɂȿ ɆɈɇɈɆɈɅȿɄɍɅəɊɇɈȽɈ ɊȺɋɉȺȾȺ ɄȺɌɂɈɇ-ɊȺȾɂɄȺɅɈȼ ɇɂɌɊɈɉɊɈɉȺɇȺ ɂ ɇɂɌɊɈȻɍɌȺɇȺ ɐɵɲɟɜɫɤɢɣ Ɋ.ȼ., Ƚɚɪɢɮɡɹɧɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ƚ., ɒɚɦɨɜ Ⱥ.Ƚ., ɏɪɚɩɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ƚ.Ɇ. Ʉɚɡɚɧɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ, ɐɇɂɌ ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɨɜ ɧɢɬɪɨɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɬɟɪɦɨɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɦɚɫɫ-ɫɩɟɤɬɪɨɦɟɬɪɢɢ. Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [1], ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɷɬɚɧɚ ɜ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ 13,2 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɧɢɠɟ, ɱɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɧɢɬɪɨɷɬɚɧɚ - 270.19 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ [2]. ȼ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɮɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɨɜ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɢ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ. ȼɫɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɚɤɟɬɚ ɤɜɚɧɬɨɜɨ-ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦ Gaussian 98[3]. ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɚ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ B3LYP ɫ ɛɚɡɢɫɚɦɢ 321G(d), 6-31G(d), 6-311++G(df,p) ɛɵɥɚ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɚ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ (ɪɢɫ. 1). Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ (ɜ Å). Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɋ1-ɋ2 ɋ2-ɋ3 ɋ2-H11 C3-N4 N4-O5 N4-O6 B3LYP/31.623 1.566 1.090 2.002 1.240 1.239 21G(d) B3LYP/61.533 1.566 1.096 1.464 1.239 1.240 31G(d) B3LYP/61.529 1.562 1.092 1.464 1.232 1.232 311++G(df,p) ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 2 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɢɨɧɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ. Раздел 3 689 Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2. ɗɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɗɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ PM3 277.2 HF/6-31G(d) 586.64 MP2/6-31G(d) 297.94 B3LYP/3-21G(d) 256.18 B3LYP/6-31G(d) 214.74 B3LYP/6-311++G(df,p) 228.43 ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɢɨɧɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ. ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ. Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɝɢɛɪɢɞɧɨɝɨ DFT-ɦɟɬɨɞɚ B3LYP/6-31G(d), ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɞɚɟɬ ɧɚɢɥɭɱɲɟɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɫ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɦɟɬɚɧɚ [4]. H11 C2 H9 H8 H10 H13 C1 H7 C3 O6 N4 O5 H12 Ɋɢɫ 1. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 3 ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɚɰɢɮɨɪɦɵ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ DFT ɦɟɬɨɞɚ B3LYP ɫ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɛɚɡɢɫɚɦɢ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 3. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ (ɜ Å). Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɋ1-ɋ2 ɋ2-ɋ3 C3-N4 N4-O5 N4-O6 O6-H10 B3LYP/ 1.460 1.490 1.707 1.206 1.410 1.019 3-21G(d) B3LYP/ 1.487 1.477 1.590 1.175 1.325 0.998 6-31G(d) B3LYP/ 1.480 1.469 1.610 1.164 1.323 0.988 6-311++G(df,p) 690 Структура и динамика молекулярных систем, 2007 г., Выпуск №1 ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 2, ɬɚɛɥ. 4) ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɭ ɛɵɥɚ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ B3LYP c ɛɚɡɢɫɚɦɢ 3-21G(d), 6-31G(d), 6311++G(df,p). H10 H11 H 9 O6 C2 C1 H8 C3 H7 H12 N4 O5 H13 Ɋɢɫ 2. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɭ. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 4. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɭ (ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɜ Å, ǻHa, ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ). Ɇɟɬɨɞ ɋ1-ɋ2 ɋ2-ɋ3 C3-N4 N4-O5 N4-O6 O6-H10 ǻHa B3LYP/31.538 1.555 1.525 1.213 1.446 2.516 16.64 21G(d) B3LYP/61.524 1.544 1.487 1.236 1.233 3.774 4.29 31G(d) B3LYP/61.516 1.537 1.494 1.219 1.232 3.70 4.75 311++G(df,p) Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɩɪɨɩɚɧɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢɮɨɪɦɵ, ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ B3LYP/3-21G(d) ɯɭɠɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɛɚɡɢɫɨɜ. Ɉɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ ɢ ɷɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ PM3, HF/631G(d), B3LYP/6-31G(d) [1] Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɷɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ɉɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɢɡɨɦɟɪɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɤɚɬɢɨɧɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢɮɨɪɦɭ ɛɵɥɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ B3LYP/6-31G(d). Cɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɹɬɢɱɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ (ɪɢɫ. 3). ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚɣɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɤ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɟ[1] ɢ ɟɟ ɚɰɢ- Раздел 3 ɮɨɪɦɟ. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 4. H H7 691 ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ 6 C1 1.5 28 H9 C2 11 H 51 15 O C 5 4 52 1. 10 H 1.4 3 1.291 1.50 1. 24 3 8 H H12 N C 18 1.5 4 O 16 14 H 13 H Ɋɢɫ. 3. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɉɋ ɢɡ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɭ ɫ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ 5 ɱɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ. H 8 O15 9 99 0. 1 .1 N5 16 75 O 3 6 1.539 H10 C2 1.59 C1 11 4 H H7 H 2 1.3 H9 1.4 90 3 C 1 .477 C4 H14 H13 H12 Ɋɢɫ. 4. Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɚ ɧɢɬɪɨɛɭɬɚɧɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɟ ɫ 5 ɱɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɞɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɰɢ-ɮɨɪɦɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ 5 ɱɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ 1,27 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ. ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɷɧɬɚɥɶɩɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫ 4 ɱɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɰɢɤɥɨɦ, ɬɨ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɚ 100,13 ɤȾɠ/ɦɨɥɶ [1]. Ɉɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɧɟɟ [1,2,4], ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɵ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɤɚɬɢɨɧ-ɪɚɞɢɤɚɥɨɜ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɢɠɟ, ɱɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥ. Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ 1 Guzel G. Garifzianova, Ekaterina V. Nikolaeva, Roman V. Tsyshevskiy, Alexander G. Shamov and Grigirii M. Khrapkovskii // X Seminar "New trends in research of energetic materials". Pardubice. 2007. P. 436-441. 2 Pablo A. Denis, Oscar N. Ventura, Hung Thanh Le and Minh Tho Nguyen, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys, No. 5, p.1730-1738, 2003 3 A. Frisch, J.B. Foresman et al.: Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods, Second Edition; Pittsburgh PA: Gaussian Inc., p.302, 1996 4 G.M. Khrapkovskii, E.V. Nikolaeva, D.V. Chachkov and A.G. Shamov: 32-th International Annual Conference of ICT. Karlsruhe, p.67-1 67-15, 2001