. . 11, 1(7), 2007 57.087 © 2009 1 . 1 , 2 . , . e-mail: [email protected] , , 2 1 . , , ; , : , . , . . , , . : , , 2 , . - , [3, . 7]. - . , [4, 6]. 2 - , , : R F Cair - Cchamber Cair , S (1) 2 F– : .1 ) ( . - . . , . - , , Li-Cor LI-6400 LI-8100 [5]. , . - . , . 2 , , . [1]. (R) , , ( ), 2 (Cchamber ): R V– , - . , V Cchamber , S t S– . . , , . ., , . - Cchamber, 1592 , 2 - R, 2 R [8]. - F F F F R R . 1. ( ) ( ) ,R- F- – , . . 2 - (4) . ), R , , C Cair F chamber , S - n - . , . , , . . - n s n•s). ( . . rin, rsoil, rin k , n s - , Cchamber Cair R S / F, true : Cchamber Cair Cchamber Cair true bFk (5) Cchamber Cair true R S (k n s rsoil) err r = R • S/F, Sin = ns kr = rsoil /k. k– - : cchamber Cair r b / 1 Sin kr (6) cchamber C air r b/ 1 n d (7) . : F Pair 1 rsoil Pchamber n s k Cair F R S b Pchamber rsoil , n. (5), Sin 2 (3) b– b, - R. - . 2 3 - , - Pair . (2) 2 : cchamber F d = s • rsoil /k 2 , ( , 2 – , - Cchamber Cair . , b (5) R R S F rsoil b 1 rsoil - (3) - : 2 , 2 . (2), R), , . . R/rsoil. - (4) , n s k - . 1. , , 1593 - P F rtotal 1 1 rtotal r soil 1 , rin . . 11, P , Sin rin P, Dstd – 1(7), 2007 , n1 Dstd, n1 n2 , 1,75 1. [2]. CO2 1,39 10-5 2 - n2 – 1 [8]. 2. , 2 . 15°C, hpa , , 0,58 - 1013 100 ppm 5 • -2 -1. 2 ( 500 ppm - 2 2 . 950 • -3 ), 0,61 2 F=1 • • -1 . -1 4 2 0,63 0,27 • -1, 2 . , . . 2009 . - 2 , 2 . , , ) LI- : Fc dC dx D Fc – , CO2, D – CO2, – (T: °C) Dstd T Cchamber(Sin). (8) . – 820 - • Li-Cor. 11 -1 6 . C chamber (P: hpa): n1 273 273 1013 P (6) ( n2 (9) . 2). , ( ) 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 n . 2. 2 ( 6 ). 1594 (6). . 0,9 - C air (n ) - 600 Cchamber-Cair , ppm D ( . 2 , Cchamber Cair 1. , ., ., . , 2. R -1 1 rsoil - . . (7) 5. 0,85 < r2 < 0,99, r2 = 0,67. - , . 170 200 3. 4. Cchamber Cair , , // - , Cchamber Cair 4-6 2 (110-170 ). . , 6. 2 2 2.5 2 , . . . 2 ., . - 7. - 8. . . .: – . 2005. . 408-425. Campbell G.S. Soil physics with BASIC: transport models for soil–plant systems. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1985. Grace J., Rayment M. Respiration in the balance. Nature. 2000. V. 404 . 819–820. LI-COR Biosciences, Application Note 124. Considerations for measuring ground CO2 fluxes with chambers. LI-COR Biosciences. 1998. Lincoln, NE, USA. Madsen R. A., Demetriades-Shah T. H., Garcia R. L., McDermitt D. K. Soil CO 2 Flux Measurements: Comparisons Between the LI-COR LI-6400 and LI-8100. LI-COR Biosciences. 2006. Lincoln, NE, USA (www.licor.com). Pumpanen J., Kolari P., Ilvesniemi H., Minkkinen K., Vesala T., Niinisto S., Lohila A., Larmola T., Morero M., Pihlatie M., Janssens I. A., Yuste J. C., Grunzweig J. M., Reth S., Subke J. A., Savage K., Kutsch W., Ostreng G., Ziegler W., Anthoni P., Lindroth A., Hari P. Comparison of different chamber techniques for measuring soil CO2 efflux // Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 2004. V. 123. . 159–176. Raich J.W., Potter C.S. Global patterns of carbon dioxide emissions from soils // Global Biogeochem. Cycles. 1995. V. 9. . 23–36. Rayment M. B., Jarvis P. G. An improved open chamber system for measuring soil CO2 effluxes in the field // J. Geophys. Res. 1997. V. 102(D24). P. 779–784. . ESTIMATION AND MINIMISATION OF ERRORS OF SOIL RESPIRATION MEASUREMENT USING OPEN SCHEME © 2009 F.A. Tatarinov1, A.G. Molchanov2 , A.V. Oltchev1 1 Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Institute of Forestry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Uspenskoye, Moscow region, Russia The analytical and experimental estimation of error of chamber measurements of soil respiration using open scheme, caused by the air infiltration into the chamber from soil due to the difference in air pressure inside the chamber and in ambient air. This error may lead to the significant overestimation of measured soil respiration. It was obtained that the air infiltration from soil decreases hyperbolically under decreasing difference of air pressure inside and outside of chamber. Within the frame of the study the pressure difference was regulated by the increase of the area of chamber inlets. The estimation of minimal inlets area under the given air flux necessary for the correct soil respiration measurement with open scheme was obtained. Key words: CO2 emission, soil respiration, chamber methods, open path. 1595 -