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The literary overview of methods of ecological prediction is carried out. The
classification of predictions is made up: by degree of homogeneity of describing ecosystem (point or distributed), by time of forecast (short-term, intermediate-term and long-term), by level of detailing. Qualitative and quantitative
forecast are distinguished. In turn, in the qualitative forecast it is possible to
mark out morphological analysis, method of expert estimations, analog method. The quantitative methods of ecological prognostication can be identified
with the simulation, directed toward the quantitative prediction (calculation) of
the indicator biological indices, as a rule, of the numbers of forms or other
groups of organisms. Imitation and regression models are used for this.