Город-как-школа, продуктивное учение и демократия

advertisement
!"#"$-%&%-'%"(&, )#"$*%+,-."/ *0/.,/ , $/1"%#&+,2
!"#$ %&#'()*#", +,-.#/(0 -&1$#")-$(2)3*3 34"-'32-)(0, 5%+
3#"4(/1&. 6$347 8"()(/-$1 "#9#)(0, 2-:)3 38"#.#&($1 8"34&#/;.
<-, 3$/#$(& -/#"(,-)=,(> :;")-&(=$ ?3/-= @"(./-) 2 =23#> )323> ,)(*#
«!"#$%&' (&)», )-A-&-=1 )32-0 2#&(,-0 $#B)3&3*(A#=,-0 "#23&CD(0 ( 3).#&-#$ (*"323# 83&# 2=#/(")3*3 =3"#2)32-)(0 43&## "32)3/, A#/ 83& 2
,2-"$("#. E3F$3/; 3.() (' ,&CA#> , .3=$(:#)(C ;=8#B- 2 F$3/
=3"#2)32-)(( – 34"-'32-))7# ( 8"#.-))7# =23#/; .#&; "-43$)(,(.
5"61"7."8+9 -:4"#&. G 34"-'32-)(( #=$1 .2- 8;$( .&0 2743"-. 6$347
830=)($1 /7=&1, ="-2)(/ 34"-'32-)(# = 8;$#9#=$2(#/. ?3/-= @"(./-)
3B-"-,$#"('32-& $#B, ,$3 =32#"9-#$ 8;$#9#=$2(#, ,-, $;"(=$32,
8;$#9#=$2#))(,32 ( (==&#.32-$#&#>. ?3 :# =-/3# /3:#$ 47$1 =.#&-)3 ( 2
3$)39#)(( 34"-'32-)(0.
«!"#$%&'», =32#"9-CH## 8;$#9#=$2(#, '-"-)## 34#=8#A(2-C$=0
*(.3/, - *(. 83,-'72-#$ 2=# .3=$38"(/#A-$#&1)3=$( 2 =$"3*3 38"#.#&#))3/
83"0.,#: )-8"(/#", 23 2$3")(, 27 83=#H-#$# <"#/&1 ;$"3/, '-$#/ 4;.#$
8"3*;&,- 23,";* <"-=)3> 8&3H-.( 2 $#A#)(# A-=- (=/. I(=;)3,
«E;$#9#=$2#))(, 2 34"-'32-)((»). G 34"-'32-)(( «8;$#9#=$2(#» F$3 –
$"-.(D(3))-0 ,&-==)-0 ,3/)-$-, 2 )#> 8"#83.-2-$#&1 .#>=$2;#$ ,-, *(. (
2#.J$ 2-= =3*&-=)3 3=343/; ;A#4)3/; 8&-); 2 =$"3*3 38"#.#&J))3# 2"#/0.
«("&)*)%&+),,$-$» =,&3))7 )-)(/-$1 =23#*3 =34=$2#))3*3 *(.- (
8"( F$3/ $-,, A$347 K-,$3" 2"#/#)( /3* 47$1 43&## *(43, ()-8"(/#", =
;=&32(#/, A$347 (/ 83,-'-&( $# :# .3=$38"(/#A-$#&1)3=$(, )3 $-,, A$347
/3:)3 47&3 '-.#":-$1=0 2 )#,3$3"7B /#=$-B )#/)3*3 .3&19#).
E"#83.-2-)(# 3$A-=$( /3:#$ 47$1 43&## ().(2(.;-&('("32-)3, $-, A$347
;A#)(,( 83&;A(&( 43&19# 2)(/-)(0. LB ;A#4; )-8"-2&0C$, «8"3B3.0» =
)(/( 3.)( ( $# :# 83"D(( ')-)(0.
«.%%/)01+2&)/$» 4#";$ )- =#40 =/#&3=$1 38"#.#&0$1 =23J =34=$2#))3#
8;$#9#=$2(#. M)( 8&-)(";C$, ,;.- 3)( B3$0$ (.$(, ,-, $;.- .34"-$1=0, A$3
B3$0$ 3$,"7$1. N-8"(/#": O"(=$3K3" <3&;/4 47& $-,(/ (==&#.32-$#&#/.
P(.7 2 F$3/ =&;A-# (=83&1';C$=0 $3&1,3 .&0 $3*3, A$347 83/3A1
(==&#.32-$#&C 83)0$1 #*3 =34=$2#))7# D#&(. ?-, ( )- 34"-'32-)((.
QA-H(>=0, =$;.#)$ =$-)32($=0 =(&3>, ,3$3"-0 38"#.#&0#$, A$3 3) B3A#$
(';A($1 ( 34)-";:(2-$1. E"#83.-2-$#&1 2 F$3/ =&;A-# =$-)32($=0 *(.3/,
83/3*-CH(/ ;A#)(,; 2 #*3 8"3D#==# ;AJ47.
;#&$,<,".."/ "4#&6"-&.,/. ?"-.(D(3))3# 8"#.=$-2&#)(# 34
34"-'32-)(( 4-'(";#$=0 )- ,3)D#8D((, A$3 #=$1 )#,-0 =;//- ')-)(>, ,3$3";C
)-.3 ;')-$1 ( ,3$3";C ,-:.3# 83,3&#)(# 8#"#.-J$ =&#.;CH#/;. ?-,
;A($#&1 =$-)32($=0 ()=$";/#)$3/, = A1#> 83/3H1C ;A#)(,-/ .-C$=0
(8"#83.-C$=0) K-,$7. G)#9)(> /(" K-,$(A#=,( (=,&CAJ) (' 8"3=$"-)=$2,&-==)3> ,3/)-$7, - ;A($#&1 (*"-#$ "3&1 K(&1$"-. E"34&#/- =3=$3($ 2 $3/,
A$3 $-,3> 83.B3. .;9($ ,"($(A#=,3# /79&#)(# ( (=,&CA-#$ ()$#"#= ,
)329#=$2-/. E"-2.-, ;A#)(, 8"(34"#$-#$ 9("3,;C 3=)32; ')-)(0 K-,$32, )3
4#' ,-,3*3-&(43 ,3)$#,=$- #*3 8"(/#)#)(0. N-8"(/#", 8"( (';A#)((
/-$#/-$(,( ;A#)(,( (';A-C$ 3=)327 -&*#4"7 ( *#3/#$"((, '-83/()-0
K3"/;&7. R$3 &#*A#, A#/ 83/3A1 (/ 83&;A($1 "#-&1)7> )-27, "#9#)(0
8"34&#/ = =-/3*3 )-A-&-. S&0 /)3*(B ;A#)(,32 4"&19-0 A-=$1 4-'323*3
')-)(0, )# =$-29#*3 8"(,&-.)7/, 4;.#$ =,3"3 '-47$-, - F$3 ')-A($, A$3 /)3*3
D#))3*3 2"#/#)( 83$"-A#)3 28;=$;C. E3':#, ,3*.- 3) .3&:#) 4;.#$ )-A-$1
"-43$-$1, #*3 );:)3 4;.#$ 832$3")3 34;A-$1, - /)3*3# (' #*3 ')-)(>
23==$-)-2&(2-$1 2 ,3)$#,=$# 8"-,$(A#=,(B 83$"#4)3=$#> (=/. I(=;)3,
«?"-.(D(3))-0 ,-"$()- /("-»).
3#"$*%+,-."/ *0/.,/. G 8"3.;,$(2)3/ ;A#)(( -,D#)$ = 8"3D#==(';A#)(0 8#"#)3=($=0 )- 8"3.;,$ (';A#)(0, ;AJ47. M$A-=$( F$3$ 8"()D(8
4-'(";#$=0 )- ,3)D#8D(( K(&3=3K- S:3)- S1C( «QA#)(# )- .#&#» ((&(
«QA#)(# 2/83="#.=$23/ .#0$#&1)3=$(», -)*&.: learning by doing). G
8"3.;,$(2)3/ ;A#)(( /7 (=83&1';#/ ()$#&&#,$;-&1)3# ( F/3D(3)-&1)3#
&C4387$=$23 ( ()$#"#= ,3 2=#/; ( 83..#":(2-#/ (B 2#'.#, *.# 3)(
23')(,);$.
=#,+,0/8%"/
1:'(/.,/
)#
8"3=$3
833H"0#$=0,
3)3
GM5?IT!MG+NM. R$3$ 83.B3. =;H#=$2;#$ 2 $"-.(D(3))3> =(=$#/# ))-A-&1)3/ ;"32)#: 2=# ;A-H(#=0 2334H# =(.0$ '- =$3&-/( ( "-43$-C$
().(2(.;-&1)3 (&( 2/#=$# 2 *";88-B, 2 $3 2"#/0 ,-, ;A($#&1 ,";:($ )-.
)(/(, 2/#9(2-0=1, ,3*.- =3A$J$ );:)7/. G ="#.)#> 9,3&# "3&( /#)0C$=0.
QA($#&1 =$-)32($=0 D#)$"3/ 2)(/-)(0, - ;A-H(#=0 – 8-==(2)7/(
=&;9-$#&0/(, ,3$3"7# .#&-C$ ,-,(#-$3 83/#$,(. G )-A-&1)7B ,&-==-B "#40$3A#)1 -,$(2)7, 2 $3 2"#/0 ,-, 2 =$-"9(B ,&-==-B 3=)32);C A-=$1 "-43$7
.#&-C$ ;A($#&0.
6$3 83&;A-#$=0 ( A$3 83$#"0)3 8"( $-,3/ 8#"#B3.#? L ,-, F$3 =20'-)3 =
83)(/-)(#/ .#/3,"-$((? G-:)3 3$/#$($1, A$3 .#/3,"-$(C )#&1'0 8"#83.-$1
(3)- – )# K-,$, - )-27,), #> )-.3 )-;A($1=0 (democracy cannot be taught, it
must be learned). T=&( 27 .;/-#$#, A$3 ,"($(A#=,3/; /79&#)(C =#*3.)0
/3:)3 34;A($1 2 9,3&#, 838"34;>$# 8"3-)-&('("32-$1, ,-,(# )-27,(
)#34B3.(/7 .&0 $3*3, A$347 "-'2($1 ,"($(A#=,(# =83=34)3=$( ( 83=/3$"($#,
=,3&1,3 2"#/#)( 2 )#.#&C ;.#&#)3 (B 2'"-H(2-)(C 2 ="#.)#/ ; &C43*3
;A-H#*3=0 (=/. "(=;)3, «<-"$(); /("- S1C(»). L'2#=$)-0 83=&32(D*323"($: «*$"& +, -.-&/0 10"#+0%2 ),32, #4 05 $60$/ $07#-48 90. *$"& +,
4.21&/0 10"#+0%. "#+&/: ),32, #4 32-0/ $,/ +$; #$/.+<2;$8 9&=4:» ($(.
)&$24#%).
!"#"$ %&% '%"(9.&2 1"$/(9. G )1C->3",=,3> 9,3&#, ,3$3"-0
)-'72-#$=0 «P3"3.-<-,-%,3&-» (City As School, CAS), F$3$ 8"3D#== "-43$-#$
=&#.;CH(/ =83=343/:
!
<-:.3/; ;A-H#/;=0 .-C$ 9,3&1)7> ,-$-&3* 2)#9)(B "#=;"=32
(CAS-,-$-&3* =3.#":($ 43&## $"JB=3$ – 300 – /#=$ .&0 8"3.;,$(2)3> ;AJ47).
!
QA-H(>=0 (==&#.;#$ ,-$-&3* ( 274("-#$ $3, A$3 3) B3A#$.
!
QA($#&1 "#*(=$"(";#$ #*3 2743" ( =)-4:-#$ #*3 8-,#$3/
.3,;/#)$-D(( 83 ;A#4)3-8"-,$(A#=,3> .#0$#&1)3=$( (LEAP – Learning
Experience Activities Packet).
!
G F$(B /-$#"(-&-B 38"#.#&#)7: )-27,(, ,3$3"7# )-.3 "-'2($1 2
=#4# )- 274"-))3/ "-43A#/ /#=$#; $"#432-)(0 , #*3 -,-.#/(A#=,3/;
(;A#4)3/;) (==&#.32-)(C, A$3 83'23&($ =.#&-$1 #*3 34;A#)(# 43&##
3=/7=&#))7/ ( ,-A#=$2#))7/.
!
E"(34"#$J))3# ')-)(# =20'-)3 = )-27,-/(, ,3$3"7# 3) =-/ 2 =#4#
23=8($72-#$. ?-, ;A-H(>=0 =$-)32($=0 -,$(2)7/ ;A-=$)(,3/ =34=$2#))3*3
34"-'32-)(0 (=/. "(=;),( «U3.#&( CAS-1 ( CAS-2»).
=&%"/ >+" ,1//+ 6.&0/.,/? G3'2"-H-0=1 , )-A-&; "-'*323"- 3 "3=$#
*&34-&('-D(( ( =3"#2)32-)(0, 3$/#$(/, A$3 34"-'32-)(# (*"-#$ 2 F$(B
$#).#)D(0B "#9-CH;C "3&1. G/#=$# = $"#432-)(#/ =3'.-)(0
.#/3,"-$(A#=,(B 34H#=$2 8#"#.-A- )323/; 83,3&#)(C =83=34)3=$(
,"($(A#=,( .;/-$1 ( 8"()(/-$1 "#9#)(0 =$-)32($=0 "#9-CH(/.
IL5QN<L =$". 16-17 (5/. @->& PDF NVM-2005-4)
Download