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ɋɚɦɚɪɫɤɢɣɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɢɦɚɤɚɞɋɉɄɨɪɨɥɟɜɚɋɚɦɚɪɚ
ɊȿɑȿȼȺəɋɌɊȺɌȿȽɂəȾɂɋɄɊȿȾɂɌȺɐɂɂ
ȼȾɂɋɄɍɊɋɂȼɇɈɃɉɊȺɄɌɂɄȿɄɈɆɆȿɇɌȺɊɂəɋȿɌȿȼɈȽɈɆȿȾɂȺɄɈɇɌȿɇɌȺ
ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ
ɨɛɟɫɰɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɠɚɧɪɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɋɆɂ ɋɜɨɛɨɞɚ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ
ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɧɟɪɟɞɤɨɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɮɨɪɦɭɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɭɟɦɨɣɪɟɱɟɜɨɣɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ
Ɋɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ
ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɦɢɮɨɜɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɮɚɧɬɨɦɨɜɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɵɯɹɪɥɵɤɨɜɬɚɤɬɢɤɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹɤɚɛɫɭɪɞɭ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɩɚɪɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɪɢɟɦɨɜɜɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢɩɨɞɦɟɧɵɬɟɦɵɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɣ
ɢɝɪɵ ©ɥɟɤɫɢɤɢ ɜɪɚɠɞɵª ɝɟɧɟɪɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɩɭɬɟɦ
ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɫɚɪɤɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɨɩɟɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ ɫ ɪɚɡɦɵɬɵɦ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɲɬɚɦɩɨɜɢɫɬɟɪɟɨɬɢɩɨɜɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɵɯɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɣɫɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ
ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɗɦɩɢɪɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɛɚɡɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɢ
ɬɟɤɫɬɵɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɟɜɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɩɨɞɩɢɫɱɢɤɨɜ©0HGX]DɇɨɜɨɫɬɢɢɋɆɂªɢ©ɇɨɜɚɹɝɚɡɟɬɚªɜ
ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣɫɟɬɢ)DFHERRN
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɨɧɥɚɣɧɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɣ ɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬ
ɪɟɱɟɜɚɹɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɦɟɞɢɚɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɚ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢɪɟɱɟɜɨɣɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɣɜɪɚɦɤɚɯɞɚɧɧɨɣ
ɫɬɚɬɶɢɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɪɭɫɥɟɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɯɜɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟɜɪɟɦɹɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ
ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ ɢ ɬɚɤɬɢɤ ɉɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɣɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹɤɚɤɜɵɱɥɟɧɟɧɢɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣɬɚɤɢɪɚɡɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ
ɢɬɚɤɬɢɤɩɪɢɚɧɚɥɢɡɟɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɵɯɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɆɵɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɦɫɹɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɬɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨɝɨ
ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ ɢ ɬɚɤɬɢɤ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ©ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ
ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦɢɝɪɨɦɨɡɞɤɢɦª>@
Ⱥ Ɋ Ƚɚɛɢɞɭɥɥɢɧɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ©ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɢɩɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦɚɹɤɨɜɫɟɦɫɮɟɪɚɦɪɟɱɟɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚɜɪɹɞɥɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɢɥɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚɤɚɤɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɨ
ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɧɚɹ «!ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟɭɞɚɱɧɵɦɢ«!ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚɦɢɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ
ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ³ɩɪɢɜɹɡɚɧɵ´ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɬɢɩɭ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢɥɢ
ɫɮɟɪɟɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢª>@ȼɚɠɧɵɦɧɚɦɤɚɠɟɬɫɹɢɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɚɰɢɹɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɦɢ ɢɯ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ©ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ³ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ´ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ
ɫɜɨɞɹɳɢɟɚɩɪɢɨɪɧɵɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢɤɦɢɧɢɦɭɦɭª>ɋ@
Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɵ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ
ɜ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɧɟɝɨ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɚ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ
ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɸ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɤɚ ɤɚɤ
ɧɚɭɤɚ ȼ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɬɨɤɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɵ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɦ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ ɦɢɪɚ ɢɯ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ
ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɚɥɶɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ
ɡɪɟɧɢɹ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɵɯɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɢɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ
ɦɢɪ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɟ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɨ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɟɧ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫ
ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɸɬ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ
ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɯɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɫɟɬɟɣ>@
Ɉɬɦɟɬɢɦɱɬɨɜɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɝɨɬɟɤɫɬɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚɜɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣɫɪɟɞɟɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɢɫɬɚɬɭɫ
ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɜɫɟɬɢɭɠɟɧɟɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɩɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɹɦɢ
ɢɥɢɩɨɹɫɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɢɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹɦɢ
Ɇɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɣ ɤɚɤ ɠɚɧɪ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɞɢɫɤɭɫɫɢɢ ɫɨɰɢɨɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ
ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨɦɧɟɧɢɹɚɬɚɤɠɟɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɝɨɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤ
ɦɭɥɶɬɢɦɟɞɢɣɧɵɣ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧ ɍɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ± ɷɬɨ
ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɚɦɚɹ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɧɚɞ
ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɨɦ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɫɟɬɟɜɭɸ ɷɩɨɯɭ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɦ
ɞɨɫɬɭɩɟɤɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚɢɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɤɟɝɨɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸɫɬɢɥɸɢɜɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦɢɬɨɝɟ
ɤɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɸ>@
ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɟɤɫɬɨɜ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɟɜ ɤ ɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɭ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɱɢɤɨɜ 0HGX]D
KWWSVZZZIDFHERRNFRPSJWKHPHGX]DSRVWV"UHI SDJHBLQWHUQDO ɢ ɇɨɜɚɹ ɝɚɡɟɬɚ KWWSVZZZ
IDFHERRNFRPQRYJD] ɜ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɟɬɢ )DFHERRN ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ɜ ɧɢɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɢ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɣ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ
ɫɬɚɬɶɢ
Ɋɟɱɟɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɚɹ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨ ɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɚ ɧɟ ɪɚɡ ɛɵɥɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɤɞɪɭɝɢɦɬɢɩɚɦɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɤɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɭɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭɜɤɨɬɨɪɨɦɬɚɤɠɟɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɭɸɬɫɹ
ɬɚɤɢɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɯɨɞɵ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɹɦɨɟ ɨɫɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɫɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɫɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɟɧɱɚɧɢɟ
ɩɪɢɬɹɡɚɧɢɣɧɚɜɟɲɢɜɚɧɢɟɹɪɥɵɤɨɜɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɧɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɧɚɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɤɪɵɬɨɝɨ ɞɟɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɜɨɞɚ
ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬ ɞ
>ɋ±@ȼɛɨɥɟɟɲɢɪɨɤɨɦɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟɪɟɱɟɜɚɹɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɢɡɭɱɚɟɬɫɹɜ
ɪɚɦɤɚɯɚɧɚɥɢɡɚɪɟɱɟɜɨɝɨɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɢɪɟɱɟɜɨɝɨɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɜɰɟɥɨɦ>@
Ʉɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚɲɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ
ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɝɝɟɫɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ
ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɞɱɢɧɟɧɢɹɫɜɨɟɣɩɨɡɢɰɢɢɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟɬɚɤɬɢɤɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɫɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ
ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹɢɚɩɟɥɥɹɰɢɢɤɡɞɪɚɜɨɦɭɫɦɵɫɥɭɢɥɨɝɢɤɟɢɬɚɤɬɢɤɢɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ
ɢɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɫɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦɩɚɪɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɩɪɢɟɦɨɜɞɟɦɚɝɨɝɢɢɢɪɚɡɧɨɝɨɪɨɞɚ
©ɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɨɣɷɤɜɢɥɢɛɪɢɫɬɢɤɢªɢɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯɢɝɪ
ȼɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɚ ± ɨɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɬɨɪɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ
ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣɨɰɟɧɤɢ±ɜɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɩɪɟɜɚɥɢɪɭɟɬɧɚɞɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ
ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɣ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɞɢɤɬɨɜɚɧɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɢɧɬɟɧɰɢɟɣ
ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɜ±ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɩɨɲɚɬɧɭɜɲɢɣɫɹɦɢɪɨɩɨɪɹɞɨɤɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɧɵɣɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɵɦɞɥɹ
ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɚɳɢɦɟɝɨɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɦɰɟɥɹɦɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɹɦ
Ʉɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɩɪɢɟɦɚɦɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɨɰɟɧɤɢɢɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɡɵɜ ɪɟɱɟɜɚɹ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɰɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɦɟɲɤɚ ɢɪɨɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞ ɧɚ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɨɰɟɧɤɚɛɟɡɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɨɜɨɫɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɟɭɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɨɫɦɟɹɧɢɟɱɟɪɟɡɪɟɱɟɜɵɟɯɨɞɵɢɡɞɟɜɤɢ
ɫɚɪɤɚɡɦɚ ɭɝɪɨɡɚ ɫɭɝɝɟɫɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɵ ɩɨɜɬɨɪ ɡɚɛɚɥɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɪɵɜ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɨɜ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɚɛɫɭɪɞɚ ɭɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɤɚɰɢɹ ɚɩɟɥɥɹɰɢɹ ɤ ɚɜɬɨɪɢɬɟɬɭ ɧɚɦɟɤ ɢɝɪɚ ɫɥɨɜ
ɞɢɞɚɤɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɜɟɲɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɹɪɥɵɤɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɞ Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ
ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɯɩɪɢɟɦɨɜɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜɵɡɵɜɚɧɢɟɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɤɚɤɩɪɚɜɢɥɨɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ±ɜɨɡɦɭɳɟɧɢɹ
ɧɟɝɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɡɥɨɫɬɢ ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɭɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɬ
ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹɧɚɦɟɤɚɢɬɞɉɪɨɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɦɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢɫɢɦɜɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨ ©ɩɥɨɯɨɝɨª ɟɝɨ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɫɦɟɹɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɰɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɭɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɨɫɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɟɢɬɞ
Ɍɚɤɬɢɤɚ ©ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɚɛɫɭɪɞɚª ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɚɹ ɫ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɜɪɟɦɟɧ ɢ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɤɚɤ ɜ
ɛɵɬɨɜɨɦɬɚɤɢɜɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɦɤɪɚɫɧɨɪɟɱɢɢ>@ɲɢɪɨɤɨɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚɢɜɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ
ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɆɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣɦɟɬɪɨɩɨɥɢɬɟɧɩɨɞɚɥɢɫɤɤɘɥɢɢȽɚɥɹɦɢɧɨɣɂɜɚɧɭɀɞɚɧɨɜɭȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɭɆɢɥɨɜɭ
Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɸ ɇɚɜɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɭ ɋɨɥɨɜɶɟɜɭ Ɉɥɟɝɭ ɋɬɟɩɚɧɨɜɭ ɢ ɂɥɶɟ əɲɢɧɭ KWWSVPHGX]D
LRQHZVPRVNRYVNRHPHWURSRGDORLVNNRSSR]LWVLRQHUDP"XWPBVRXUFH IDFHERRN XWPB
PHGLXP ɄɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢɄɭɥɶɦɢɧɚɰɢɟɣɛɭɞɟɬɢɫɤɨɬɋɩɨɪɬɥɨɬɨɌɨɝɞɚɩɨɞɚɟɦɢɫɤɢɡɚɜɫɟɤɪɟɫɬɧɵɟ
ɯɨɞɵɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹɞɨɪɨɝɩɨɩɨɜɨɞɭɩɪɨɟɡɞɚɜɟɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɬɢɹɩɨɩɨɜɨɞɭɩɚɪɚɞɨɜɩɨɥɤɨɜ
ɮɟɫɬɢɜɚɥɟɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɢɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɦɟɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɲɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɭ ɢ ɩɪɨɟɡɞɭ ɋɬɪɚɧɧɨ ɱɬɨ
ɧɢɤɬɨɢɡɝɨɪɨɠɚɧɧɟɩɪɟɞɴɹɜɥɹɟɬɢɫɤɢɤɩɚɬɪɢɚɪɯɭ±ɟɠɟɝɨɞɧɨɧɚɩɨɥɞɧɹɜɋɉɛɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ
ɝɥɚɜɧɭɸɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɭɸɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɭɸɚɪɬɟɪɢɸɇɟɜɫɤɢɣɩɪɨɫɩɟɤɬɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɸɬ
ɧɟɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɚɧɨɧɢɤɬɨɧɟɠɭɠɠɢɬ ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ɍɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɨɬɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɬɟɦɵ ɢ ɧɚɦɟɤɚ ɩɪɢɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɞɨɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ
ɡɚɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɮɢɧɚɧɫɨɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɢɪɭɟɦɨɝɨɥɢɰɚɢɥɢɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢɬɚɤɠɟ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹɤɚɤɫɩɨɫɨɛɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɬɨɱɤɢɡɪɟɧɢɹɢɥɢɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣɨɩɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
Ⱥ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɨ Ȼɟɥɨɦɭ Ⱦɨɦɭ ɜ ɟ ɢɡ ɬɚɧɤɨɜ ɫɬɪɟɥɹɥɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɢɫɤɢ" Ⱦɚ" Ⱥ ɎȻɄ ɧɟ ɯɨɱɟɬ
ɩɨɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɡɚɤɭɩɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɫɯɟɦɚɦɢ ɦɟɬɪɨɩɨɥɢɬɟɧɚ ɚ ɡɚɨɞɧɨ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɦɢ ɦɟɬɪɨɲɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɚ"ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɬɚɦɧɚɣɞɺɬɫɹɦɧɨɝɨɱɟɝɨɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨɝɨ
ɂɡɞɟɜɤɚ ɫɚɪɤɚɡɦ ɤɚɤ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɨɫɦɟɹɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɧɵ ɜ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ȼɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɹɜɢɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɰɟɡɢɣ ɩɨɩɚɥ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɚɪɯɚɧɝɟɥɶɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɪɚɱɚ ɫ ɩɢɳɟɣ ɚ ɧɟ ɢɡ
ɡɚ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɪɚɤɟɬɵ KWWSVPHGX]DLRQHZVYODVWLRE\DYLOLFKWRWVH]L\SRSDOY
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PHGLXP Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ Ɉɧ ɫɴɟɥ ɩɨɫɬɪɚɞɚɜɲɟɝɨ"" ɇɚɞɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɚɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜɪɚɱ ɨɬɪɚɜɢɥɫɹ
ɡɚɩɪɟɳɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɵɪɚɦɢ ɢɡ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ ɇɭ ɱɬɨɛ ɭɠ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɨ ɡɜɭɱɚɥɨ ɉɪɹɦɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ
ɫɬɨɹɥɨɧɚɫɬɨɥɟ±ɫɨɥɨɧɤɚɩɟɪɟɱɧɢɰɚɫɨɟɜɵɣɫɨɭɫɨɥɢɜɤɨɜɨɟɦɚɫɥɨɛɥɸɞɟɱɤɨɫɰɟɡɢɟɦ« ɞɚɬɚ
ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ⱦɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚɜɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɨɝɪɭɠɚɟɬɫɹɨɛɴɟɤɬɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
©ɉɨɱɬɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢª ɫɨɛɪɚɥɚɫɶ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ©ɰɟɧɬɪɵ ɩɪɢɬɹɠɟɧɢɹª ɫ ɩɪɨɞɚɠɟɣ
ɚɥɤɨɝɨɥɹɂɩɪɨɫɢɬɧɚɷɬɨɦɢɥɥɢɚɪɞɨɜɪɭɛɥɟɣɢɡɛɸɞɠɟɬɚª KWWSVPHGX]DLRQHZV
SRFKWDURVVLLVREUDODVSUHREUD]RYDWRWGHOHQL\DYWVHQWU\SULW\D]KHQL\DVSURGD]KH\DONRJRO\DL
SURVLWQDHWRPLOOLDUGRYUXEOH\L]E\XG]KHWD"XWPBVRXUFH IDFHERRN XWPBPHGLXP Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɣɇɟɧɭɚɧɚɱɬɨɟɳɟɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɟɞɟɧɶɝɢɬɨɬɪɚɬɢɬɶ"ɜɨɜɫɟɣɫɬɪɚɧɟɨɞɧɚ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɢɨɫɬɚɥɚɫɶ±ɧɚɩɨɱɬɟɜɨɞɤɢɧɟɬ ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ©ɄɨɪɚɛɥɶɫɪɨɛɨɬɨɦɎɟɞɨɪɨɦɧɟɫɦɨɝɩɪɢɫɬɵɤɨɜɚɬɶɫɹɤɆɄɋȿɫɥɢɫɧɨɜɚɧɟɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɫɹɟɝɨɦɨɝɭɬ
ɡɚɬɨɩɢɬɶª KWWSVPHGX]DLRIHDWXUHNRUDEOVURERWRPIHGRURPQHVPRJSULVW\NRYDWV\DN
PNVHVOLVQRYDQHSROXFKLWV\DHJRPRJXW]DWRSLW"XWPBVRXUFH IDFHERRN XWPBPHGLXP Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ ± Ⱥ ɦɵ ɡɚɬɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɥɢ ɪɚɤɟɬɭ ɢ ɩɨɥɟɬɢɦ ɜ ɤɨɫɦɨɫ ± ɡɚɤɪɢɱɚɥ ɇɟɡɧɚɣɤɚ ±
ɉɨɥɟɬɢɬɟɜɵɫɤɪɵɲɢɧɚɱɟɪɞɚɤ±ɨɬɜɟɬɢɥɟɦɭȽɭɧɶɤɚ ɫ ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɧɨɦɭ
ɬɟɤɫɬɭ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɢ ©ɇɟɡɧɚɣɤɚ ɧɚ Ʌɭɧɟª ɇ ɇɨɫɨɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɜɵɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɢɡ ɫɤɚɡɨɱɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ
ɪɟɚɥɶɧɭɸɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸɧɟɭɞɚɱɧɨɣɫɬɵɤɨɜɤɢɪɨɛɨɬɚɎɟɞɨɪɚɢɆɌɋɜɚɜɝɭɫɬɟɝɨɞɚ
ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɥɢɛɟɪɚɥɶɧɨ
ɨɩɩɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵ ɹɪɤɚɹ ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ ɨɬɤɪɨɜɟɧɧɚɹ
ɩɪɟɞɜɡɹɬɨɫɬɶ ɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɧɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨɟ ɠɚɧɪɨɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ
Ɍɪɭɞɧɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯɬɚɤɬɢɤɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯɜɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ
ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɜ ɠɚɧɪɟ ɫɤɚɠɟɦ ɫɭɞɟɛɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɫɧɨɪɟɱɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ
ɪɢɬɨɪɢɤɟɉɪɹɦɚɹɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɚɹɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɨɩɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɪɟɱɟɜɚɹɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɹɤɨɧɮɪɨɧɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ
ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɚ©ɥɟɤɫɢɤɚɜɪɚɠɞɵª>@±ɜɫɟɷɬɨɦɨɠɟɬɫɥɭɠɢɬɶɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢɤɪɚɣɧɟɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ
ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɧɟɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɦ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ
ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɟɨɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɸɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
©ɂɡ ɧɚɫ ɞɟɥɚɸɬ ɜɬɨɪɭɸ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɭª ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɫɢɞɵ ɯɨɬɹɬ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɢɬɶ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ
ɉɪɚɜɨɫɥɚɜɧɵɟɚɤɬɢɜɢɫɬɵɭɜɟɪɟɧɵɷɬɨɱɚɫɬɶɩɥɚɧɚɩɨɡɚɯɜɚɬɭɊɨɫɫɢɢȺɦɟɪɢɤɨɣ±ȼɫɟɦɵɡɧɚɟɦ
ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪɟȿɜɪɨɩɵɱɬɨɬɚɤɨɟɬɨɥɟɪɚɧɬɧɨɫɬɶɗɬɨɨɞɧɨɩɨɥɵɟɛɪɚɤɢɗɬɨɢɧɨɩɥɟɦɟɧɧɵɟɬɨɥɩɵ
ɧɚɫɢɥɭɸɳɢɟɛɟɥɵɯɠɟɧɳɢɧɆɵɧɟɯɨɬɢɦɧɢɤɚɤɨɣɦɭɡɟɣɬɨɥɟɪɚɧɬɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɧɚɲɟɣɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ
ɑɬɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɟɜɪɟɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ
ɜ
ɉɟɪɦɢª
KWWSVZZZQRYD\DJD]HWDUXDUWLFOHVL]QDVGHOD\XWYWRUX\X
XNUDLQX"XWPBVRXUFH IE XWPBPHGLXP QRYD\D XWPBFDPSDLJQ YVHP\]QDHPQDSULPHUHHYURS\
FKWRWD Ʉɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢ ɤ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɩɟɣɨɪɚɬɢɜɵ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɨɫɤɨɪɛɥɟɧɢɹ ©ɩɪɚɜɨɫɥɚɜɧɵɯ
ɚɤɬɢɜɢɫɬɨɜª ɱɶɹ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɟɞɢɧɨɞɭɲɧɨ ɨɫɭɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɝɪɭɛɨɟ
ɩɪɨɫɬɨɪɟɱɢɟɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɪɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɡɨɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ʉɚɤ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɭɫɶɤɚɥɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ
Ⱥ ɜɟɥɟɥɢ ɛɵ ± ɨɞɨɛɪɹɦɫ ɬɚɤ ɨɪɚɥɢ ɛɵ ɍɪɚ ɋɢɪɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɭɛɨɝɨɫɬɶ Ʌɢɰɨ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ Ʉɚɤɚɹ
ɛɟɡɝɪɚɦɨɬɧɨɫɬɶɬɚɦɱɬɨɧɟɬɥɸɞɟɣɯɨɬɹɛɵɫɨɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦɢɥɢɩɨɱɶɟɣɬɨɭɤɚɡɤɟ
ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɭɱɟɣ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɥɢ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɬɚɤɭɸ ɱɭɲɶ ɧɟɫɥɢ ɇɟ ɭɝɚɞɚɥɚ Ɍɨɥɟɪɚɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɬɨ
ɱɬɨɦɵɷɬɭɞɭɪɭɫɥɭɲɚɟɦɉɟɪɦɶɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɚɜɤɚɤɨɦɬɨɞɚɥɟɤɨɦɝɥɭɯɨɦɬɚɟɠɧɨɦɥɟɫɭɬɚɦ
ɬɨɥɶɤɨɞɜɟɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟɬɟɥɟɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵɞɨɪɨɝɧɟɬɪɚɞɢɨɧɟɬɄɚɤɢɟɦɨɝɭɬɛɵɬɶɩɪɟɬɟɧɡɢɢ
ɤ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɸ ɩɟɪɦɹɤɨɜ ɉɟɪɦɹɤɢ ɞɨɫɬɨɣɧɵ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɩɟɧɫɢɣ ɢ ɡɚɪɩɥɚɬ ɇɟɦɧɨɝɨ
ɫɸɠɟɬɚɢɡɡɨɨɩɚɪɤɚɧɚɪɨɠɢɷɬɢɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɢɬɟɦɚɤɚɤɢɩɨɫɢɦɩɚɬɢɱɧɟɟɢɪɚɡɭɦɧɟɟɛɭɞɭɬɚ
ɷɬɨɜɢɞɢɦɨɧɨɜɵɣɜɢɞɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ȼɨɥɟɟ ©ɰɢɜɢɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦª ɪɢɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ
ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɦɨɠɟɬɫɥɭɠɢɬɶɹɡɵɤɨɜɚɹɢɝɪɚɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ
©ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɬɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɜɵɛɨɪɵ ɧɟ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɗɥɥɚ ɉɚɦɮɢɥɨɜɚ
ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɢɬɶ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɦɨɫɤɜɢɱɟɣª KWWSVZZZQRYD\DJD]HWDUX
DUWLFOHVFKWRE\RWPHQLWY\ERU\QHQX]KQRYYRGLWYRHQQRHSROR]KHQLH"XWPB
VRXUFH IE XWPBPHGLXP QRYD\D XWP ȼɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɢɢɝɪɚɫɥɨɜɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɚɧɚɨɦɨɧɢɦɢɢɆɨɫɤɜɚ
ɜɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɱɧɨɦɭɛɪɚɧɫɬɜɟɍɛɪɚɥɢɜɫɟɯ ɞɚɬɚɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɬɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢ ɦɧɨɠɚɬɫɹ ɢ ©ɲɥɢɮɭɸɬɫɹª ɜ
ɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɪɢɹɫɟɬɟɜɨɝɨɦɟɞɢɚɤɨɧɬɟɧɬɚɩɪɢɱɟɦɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɫɚɦɨɣɷɬɨɣ
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɨɬɜɟɬɨɦɧɚɜɵɡɨɜɵɰɢɮɪɨɜɨɣɷɩɨɯɢɫɨɜɫɟɦɢɟɟɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ
ɧɨɜɵɦɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɦɢɢɧɨɜɵɦɢɮɨɪɦɚɬɚɦɢɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ
Ʉɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜɞɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɢɜɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣɞɢɫɤɭɪɫɢɜɧɨɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟɦɨɠɧɨ
ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ
Ⱦɢɫɤɪɟɞɢɬɚɰɢɹɫɥɭɠɢɬɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɝɨɱɟɪɟɡɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɟ
ɢɨɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɞɥɹɤɨɦɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚ
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