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B tllocKocru ocn THXoxoAHoroBaJra,a Ha pltc 2.6 vmetorc1lABe nJrocKocTHpa3beMa.
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raK KaK npr4 HeKpyr,roil sopue Koplyca 6yp, He Mox(er cnyxHrb qeHrpr4p]rourHM
SJICMCHTOM.
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craKaHoB, Bbrrlo.rrHeHHbrx3aoAHo, Hnu orAeJrbHo or Kop[yca peAyr(Topa. ltonr.rqe_
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KoHcrpyKuar{
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c BHyTDOHHI4M
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pa3MepoB.Bropax KoHcroyKlnt HMeer Da3beMB rrnocrocrn ocr,rruxoxonHoro BaJra.
*
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ror HacaAuoftQtuc.2.3, 2.4 u 2.1I).
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2.5u 2.6).
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2.5,2.g...2.10
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l l
I I
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a
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- puc. 2.1...2.3, 2.5, 2.6 u
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puc. 3.2 nos. 19, puc 3.4 nos. 18,puc 3.5 nos. 24, puc 3.7 nos.
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n SnanqeMcraKaHa(nanpunaep
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6yprurcoxr- puc. 3.3.
B xa.{ecrBe oilop BaJIoBKoHHarecKHX
[epeAaq urapoKoe npr4MeHeHne
nonyqu$LI pailkIaJrbHo-y[OpHlre
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oclr BaJroBTaK)Ke
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*
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ti BepTiiKaiIbHbIM TlixoxoAiitil',i Ba!-iaM*i(7,uc. 3.5...3.8). t-{acro iioliiiidiiiiarca 6aicrpoxoAHoro BaJIa cMa3blBalorcfl pa3AeirbHo Qtttc.3.7), rax4rrfi
IIo.{ruHnHHK HMeer
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13
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t /
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c tapaHTupoBaHHbII\,{
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ocHacTKyAnt 3anpeccoBKH.
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unuqaNrr4, rlo 3ToMy, H g ycnoBusx cepnfruoro [pota3BoAcrBa, HeKoropbte ruy'Srur
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TIIITHUbI.
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csoficrsa, rroBbr[reuHa.fi[por{Hocrb B Mecrax pacnoJloxeHrl.f,6onros KpeilreHu.s,
yMeHbrrreHr4e
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coBpeMeHHbIM
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- ralapnrHbre;
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3. flpocratsrttorct
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- M.: MaruHHocrp..1992,2000.
8.tr{.AnypbeB.
2 . deralu MarII{H: Auac KoHcrpyKUHfr.B 2-x r. / lIoA peA. I.H. Peurerona. I
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1992.
M.: MauruHocrp.,
y3noBH Aerarefi MaLIII4H:Y.{e6H. noco6ue
{yHaee, n.@. KoncrpynpoBaHl4e
- M.: Bsrcru.ffK., 1998,2000,2001.
Ans Bry3oe/ lI.O.lyHaeB, O.lI.JIelHKoB.
- 447 c.
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lyuaea, ll.O. KoucrpyupoBaHuey3noB lI Aeranefi uaulrH: V.{e6H. noco6ne
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2003.- 496c.
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Maui}4HUUtpul4 l. Lrr(,qn.lJrbnuvr(;Yr nJ-
:oe / K.ll.Xyxos, fO.E.fypeBuq.- M.: CtaurHu,2000.
MaITIHH:
Yqe6s. noco6tle
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Ar-q Texq. Ry3{lB/ F{.O.K11nKar{,P.A.Eanaca1g.flH. 3-e I13r1..nepepaS. H Aon.
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Kynua:. II.B. llera.nli MarIHH. flpoexrnpoBaHxe: Cnpanouuoe yve6HoA.T.Cxofr5ela. - M.: Bucur. rIK..
MeroguqecKoeroco6ue / II.B.K-vpN{a3,
2004.- 309c.
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