672-Angliyskiy-yaz.-Podg.-EGE.-Slovoobrazovanie.-V11-V16 Bodoni 2013-185s

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M .A. Болоньи
ПОДГОТОВКА К
Задания В 11-В 16
ЕГЭ
Раздел «ГРАММАТИКА и ЛЕКСИКА»
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ЛЕГИОН
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПЛЕКС
«АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК. ПОДГОТОВКА К ЕГЭ»
Учебные пособия издательства «Легион» допущены к использованию
в образовательном процессе приказом Минобрнауки России № 729 от 14.12.2009
Учебно-методический комплекс «Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ»
М. А. Бодоньи
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ПОДГОТОВКА К ЕГЭ
СЛОВООБРАЗОВАНИЕ
ЗАДАНИЯ В11-В16
Раздел «Грамматика и лексика»
Учебно-методическое пособие
ЛЕГИОН
Ростов-на-Дону
2013
Предлагаемое учебно-методическое пособие ориентировано на подго­
товку к выполнению заданий В11—В 16 на ЕГЭ по английскому языку —
заданий на словообразование. Содержание книги базируется на авторской
методике развития лексических умений ш кольников с опорой на К одифи­
катор Ф И П И .
Пособие состоит из четырёх глав: подготовительные упражнения, уп­
ражнения на употребление словообразовательных элементов (суффиксов
и префиксов), задания в формате ЕГЭ, основанные на текстах, проверяю ­
щие уровень владения механизмом словообразования.
Издание адресовано обучающимся 10—11 -х классов, которые готовятся
к ЕГЭ и повышают уровень владения английским языком, а также учите­
лям и методистам.
К нига дополняет учебно-методический комплекс «Английский язык.
Подготовка к ЕГЭ» и рекомендуется к использованию как самостоятель­
но, так и вместе с пособиями «Английский язык. Подготовка к ЕГЭ-2014.
Пособие с аудированием», «Английский язык. Подготовка к ГЙА-9 и ЕГЭ.
Задания с развёрнутым ответом: личное письмо, эссе (C l, С2)» и др.
Введение
PREFACE
Уважаемые выпускники и учителя английского языка!
Данное учебно-методическое пособие направлено на подготовку к вы­
полнению заданий В 11 —В 16 единого государственного экзамена по анг­
лийскому языку. Эти задания позволят систематизировать аффиксы анг­
лийского языка, представленные в Кодификаторе элементов содержания
и требований к уровню подготовки выпускников общеобразовательных
учреждений для проведения единого государственного экзамена по анг­
лийскому языку, а также расширить лексический запас старшеклассников.
К элементам содержания, проверяемым на едином государственном
экзамене по английскому языку, относятся аффиксы глаголов, существи­
тельных, прилагательных и наречий как элементы словообразования. Зна­
ние этих аффиксов характеризует владение выпускниками лексической
стороной речи. Контроль сформированности употребления указанных
элементов проходит в ходе выполнения задании В11—В16. Их выполне­
ние связано с возможными трудностями, которые определяются недоста­
точным уровнем осознания механизмов словообразования в английском
языке. Кроме того, ош ибки при выполнении данного задания могут быть
связаны с неправильным определением части речи, образование которой
необходимо в контексте предлагаемого предложения, затруднениями
в правописании того или иного суффикса или префикса, а также с некор­
ректным определением значения аффиксов. Очевидно, что для правиль­
ного выполнения указанных заданий требуются специальные средства
обучения, ориентированные на достижение поставленных целей.
Предлагаемое учебно-методическое пособие — авторская методика
развития лексических умений ш кольников на основе осознания механиз­
мов словообразования в английском языке. В ее основе лежит система
упражнений, применение которых расширяет лексический запас ш коль­
ников на основе осознания процессов словообразования в английском
языке, обогащает лексическую сторону речи, а также предупреждает воз­
можные ош ибки, связанные с некорректным употреблением аффиксов.
При разработке содержания особое внимание было уделено элементам
словообразования, представленным в Кодификаторе, владение которыми
становится объектом контроля в ходе ЕГЭ по английскому языку.
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Пособие состоит из четырех глав. В первой главе «Word Formation:
G eneral Terms» представлены общие сведения, важные для осознания
механизмов словообразования, а именно строгий порядок слов в англий­
ском языке, части речи, типы аффиксов (суффикс и префикс).
Во второй и третьей главах «Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix» и «Word
Formation: Prefix after Prefix» конкретизируется употребление словообра­
зовательных элементов (суффиксов или префиксов), входящих в число
элементов содержания, проверяемых на едином государственном эк за­
мене по английскому языку и указанных в Кодификаторе. Структура ра­
боты с каждым аффиксом идентична: описание значения аффикса, моде­
ли образования слов, выполнение упражнений на восприятие механизма
словообразования, осознание значения, передаваемого словообразова­
тельным элементом, освоение особенностей написания, самостоятельное
употребление в микро- и макроконтексте. Особую роль в ходе освоения
механизмов словообразования приобретают предлагаемые в каждом бло­
ке задания на построение словообразовательных цепочек. Мы обращаем
внимание на необходимость постоянной работы со словарем, это важно
для того, чтобы учащиеся не просто механически выполняли предлагае­
мые задания, а осознавали значения изучаемых слов. В некоторых случаях
мы сопровождаем упражнения сносками, в которых представлен перевод
на русский язык.
В четвертой главе учебного пособия «Word Formation Practice» пред­
ставлены задания в формате ЕГЭ, основанные на аутентичных текстах,
выполнение которых направлено на оценку уровня владения лексической
стороной речи на основе владения механизмами словообразования.
Таким образом, выполнение упражнений, представленных в учебно­
методическом пособии, обеспечивает эффективную подготовку и успеш­
ное выполнение заданий В11—В16 раздела «Грамматика и лексика» в ходе
ЕГЭ по английскому языку.
Желаем успешной сдачи экзаменов!
С Замечания и предложения, касающиеся данной книги, можно ирисы -;
лать по почте или на электронный адрес: legionrus@legionms.com.
Обсудить пособия, оставить свои замечания и предложения, задать во­
прос можно на официальном форуме издательства http://forum.legionr.ru.
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Word Formation: General Terms
WORD FORMATION:
GENERAL TERMS
B14
B15
1. A.
Read the task1, analyze it and answer the questions below2.
П рочит айт е приведённый ниж е т екст . Образуйте от слов, напе­
чатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами
В11—В16, однокоренные слова т ак, чтобы они грам м ат ически и л е к ­
сически соот вет ст вовали содерж анию т екст а. Заполнит е пропуски
полученны ми словами. Каж дый пропуск соот вет ст вует от дельному
заданию из группы В11—В16.
UK: Conservation and Environment
B11
B12
B13
G o in g for a walk is the m ost p o p u lar leisure ac ­
tivity in B ritain. D esp ite its h i g h ________PO PU L A T E
density an d w idespread, th e U K has m an y u n ­
spoilt rural a n d coastal areas. Twelve N atio n al
Parks are freely accessible to th e public an d were
c re a te d to conserve t h e _____________ beauty, N A T U R E
w ildlife an d cultural heritage they co n tain . M ost
o f the land in N ational Parks is privately ow ned,
b u t ad m in istered by an in d e p e n d e n t N a tio n a l
Park A u th o rity w hich w orks to balan ce th e ex­
p e ctatio n s o f _______________w ith th e need to V ISIT
conserve th ese o p en spaces for fu tu re g e n e ra ­
tions. T h e U K also works to im prove th e global
e n v iro n m e n t a n d has ta k e n g lobal w arm ing
1 Д ем о н стр ац и о н н ы й вариан т к о н тр о л ьн ы х и зм ер и тел ьн ы х м атериалов
еди н ого государственного экзам ен а 2013 года п о ан гл и й ск о м у языку. Реж им
доступа: http://w w w .fipi.ru /v iew /sectio n s/2 2 6 /d o cs/6 2 7 .h tm l
2 П ри выполнении данного задания не целесообразно образовывать слова на
основе словообразовательных моделей. Учащиеся просматриваю т текст, анали­
зируют требования к заданию и вы полняю т упраж нения, представленные ниже.
B16
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7
ever since scientists discovered S E R IO U S
the hole in the ozone layer. In 1997 the U K sub­
scribed to the Kyoto Protocol binding developed
co u n trie s to red u ce em issions o f th e six m ain
g reen h o u se gases. T he P rotocol declares en v i­
ro n m e n ta l _______________ . N ow adays B ritish P R O T E C T
______________ are taking part in one o f the larg- S C IE N C E
est in tern atio n a l projects th a t is u n d ertak en to
protect endangered species.
1. What should you do in the task?
2. How should you transform the words?
3. Should you transform the words grammatically?
4. Should you make any word formation changes?
5. What does the word formation mean?
6. Choose the variant which shows the process of word formation:
a. work — w orked b. n ature — natural c. nice — nicer d. child
children
В.
Choose the words below to complete the task.
B l l a. population
B12 a. naturally
B13 a. visits
B14 a. serious
B15 a. protected
B16 a. science
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
populated
natural
visitors
m ore serious
protection
scientist
c.
c.
c.
c.
c.
c.
popular
naturalize
visiting
seriously
protects
scientists
d. popularization
d. unnatural
d. visited
d. the most serious
d. protecting
d. sciences
Useful Information
Задани е н а сл о во о б р азован и е к ак объект контроля в ходе ЕГЭ по ан гл и й ­
ском у язы ку н аправлено на вы явлен ие уровня сф о рм и рован н ое™ н авы ков
о п ер и р о ван и я л екси ч ески м и еди н и ц ам и на осн ове предлож ен н ы х текстов.
П ри вы п о л н ен и и зад ани й особую трудность для учащ ихся представляет:
1. О со зн ан и е строгого п оряд ка слов в ан гли йском я зы к е и ум ение оп реде­
лять место части речи в п редлож ении,
2. З н ан и е правил словообразовани я, п они м ан ие зн ачен и я суф ф иксов и п ре­
ф и к со в ан гли йского я зы к а,
3. С оотнесен и е суф ф и ксов с частям и речи,
4. Зн ани е особен н остей н ап и сан и я слов ан гли йского язы ка.
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2.
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Word Formation: General Terms
Word Formation: General Terms
Read the following information. Answer the questions.
Я зы к п о сто я н н о п о п о л н яется но во й л е к с и к о й , новы м и словам и.
Э то определяется р азвитием науки, тех н и к и , п о явл ен и ем новы х м е­
х ан и зм о в, п р и б о р о в и т. п. К ром е того, п р о и сх о ди т п о сто я н н о е с о ­
трудничество с представи телям и разны х я зы к о в и культур, что такж е
вл и яет н а п о я в л е н и е новы х слов. В а н гл и й ск о м я зы к е сущ ествует
н еск ольк о способов о б р азо ван и я новы х слов:
1) а ф ф и к с а ц и я , т. е. о б р азо ван и я нового слова на осн ове а ф ф и к ­
сов (су ф ф и ксо в и пр еф и ксо в)
2) о б р азо в ан и е сл о ж н ы х сл о в путем с о е д и н е н и я просты х слов:
week + en d -> w eekend
3) за и м с т в о в а н и е слов и з д руги х я зы к о в : g u ard, army, victory —
ф р ан ц у зск и е заи м ство ван и я.
П ри в ы п о л н ен и и зад ан и я н а сл о во о бр азо ван и е важ н о пон им ать,
из каки х к о м п о н ен то в со сто и т слово.
Корень (word root) — о сн о в н о й эл ем ен т слова, которы й содерж ит
о сн овн о е знач ен и е слова, и он не м ож ет б ы ть разделен н а м еньш ие
частиц ы без потери передаваем ого см ы сла.
Суффикс д обавляется к слову после к о р н я и п р и в н о си т д о п о л н и ­
тельную и н ф о р м ац и ю к о сн о вн о м у значению .
Преф икс добавл яется к слову в начале перед корн ем и п р и вн о си т
д ополнительную и н ф о р м ац и ю к о сн о вн о м у значению .
1. What does the process of word formation mean?
2. What is the difference between suffixes and prefixes?
3. D o you know any English suffixes? Name them.
4. Do you know any English prefixes? Name them.
5. Why is it important to understand the mechanisms of word formation
for learners of English?
3. A.
Read the following words. Divide them into 4 groups and com­
plete the table.
work, num erous, m isleading, m isunderstanding, jo b , teacher, bed, piano,
m isfortune, careless, overheat, disapproval, in tern atio n al, governm ent,
unlike, possibility, bag, unfortunately, overload, disappoint
The word has
a suffix
The word has
a suffix
a nd a prefix
The word has
a prefix
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9
The word has
neither a suffix
nor a prefix
Parts o f speech
Noun is a type o f word th at is usually the nam e o f som ething such as a person,
a place, a thing, a quality o r an idea: mouse, table, information, peace.
Verb is a type o f word th a t usually tells about an action o r a state and is the m ain
part o f a sentence: to play, to suppose, to inform.
Adjective is a 'describing' word; the m ain role o f w hich is to give m ore inform ation
about the object: nice, wonderful, amazing.
Adverb is a word th at changes o r qualifies the m eaning o f a verb, an adjective, o th er
adverb, a clause, a sentence o r any o th er w ord o r phrase: early, quickly, happily.
4.
Complete the table. Define which part of speech each word from
the table refers to. Check in the dictionary if you have doubts.
noun
verb
work
early
\
characteristic
play
will
export
m agnificent
stone
record
-
adjective
adverb
10
I
Word Formation: General Terms
Word Formation: General Terms
noun
verb
adjective
adverb
fortunately
7.
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11
Circle the nouns. Underline their suffixes. Check in the dictionary
you are unsure.
|
if
public
previously
report
nam e
w ater
5.
Define which part of speech the words in bold refer to. Translate
the sentences.
1. I saw a saw th a t could saw any o th e r saw I ever saw.
2. I thought a thought o f thinking o f than k in g you.
3. If you notice this notice, you will notice th at this notice is not noticing.
4. T here was a fisher nam ed Fisher, w ho fished for a fish in a fissure.
5. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
8 . Circle the adverbs. Underline their suffixes. Check in the diction­
ary if you are unsure.
6 . Circle the adjectives. Underline their suffixes. Check in the diction­
ary if you are unsure.
9.
Complete the table. Can you name any other words based on the
same root? What part of speech do the words refer to?
m is c a lc u la tio n , m isbeliever, m is p ro n u n c ia tio n , m ism a n a g e m e n t,
d iso rg an iz e, re c o lle c tio n , re c o n s tru c tio n , in e d u c a b le , im m ovable,
im m igration
Prefix
Ab
____________________
Word root
norm
Suffix
Translation
Other words
al
н енорм альн ы й
norm al,
norm alize,
normality,
abnorm ity
12
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Word Formation: General Terms
Word Formation: General Terms
Prefix
Word root
Suffix
Translation
M em orial Day is an A m erican holiday observed ... (2) on the
last M onday o f May.
A person who receives a r j... (3) to a costum e party has the per­
fect ... (4) to find an outfit that will be the hit o f the occasion.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
The beginning o f spring is a ... (5) tim e to start a new year.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
M ost o f E ngland, S cotland and Wales are on the island o f
G reat Britain, as are their ... (6) capital cities: L ondon, Edin­
burgh and Cardiff.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
The U nited States o f Am erica is a fe d e ra l... (7) republic.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
M any people visit cem eteries and m em orials ... (8) to honor
those who died in military service.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
C hristm as is a sacred ... (9) holiday.
Noun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
O ther people prefer to dress up as som eone or som ething ...
(10) strange and unexpected.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
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___________________________________________ Useful Information
О со зн ан и е п оряд ка слов сп особствует п р ави л ьн о м у о п р едел ен и ю частей
речи, которы е необходим о образовать при вы п о л н ен и и задани й В 11 — В16.
10. А.
Read the sentences. Guess which part of speech you should
use. Choose the right word to complete each sentence.
G reat Britain lies to the northw est o f ... (I) E urope, with Ire­
land to the west, and makes up the larger part o f the territory o f
the U nited Kingdom.
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
13
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
Other words
В ан гл и й ск ом предлож ен и и обязател ен строгий п о р яд о к слов. Э то св я за ­
но с тем , что ан гл и й ск и й о тн осится к ан ал и ти чески м язы к ам , кром е того,
больш ое количество ан гл и й ски х слов имею т зн ачен и я разны х частей речи
(work — работа, работать), и поэтом у кон кр етн о е зн ачен и е такого слова за­
частую определяется зан им аем ы м им местом в п редлож ении.
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14
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Word Formation: General Terms
N oun
Adjective
Adverb
Verb
The agency is led by its... (11).
B.
WORD FORMATION:
SUFFIX AFTER SUFFIX
Choose the right variant for each m issing word.
1. A. continental
2. A. annual"
3. A. invitation
4. A. o pportunistic
5. A. logically
6. A. respectability
7. A. constitution
8. A. particularity
9. A. religion
10. A. com pletely
11. A. adm inistration
B. co n tin en t
B. annuary
B. invite
B. o p portunity
B. logic
B. respective
B. constitutional
B. particularly
B. religious
B. com plete
B. adm inistrate
C. continentally
C. annually
C. inviting
C. opportune
C. logical
C. respect
C. constitute
C. particular
C. religiously
C. com pletion
C. adm inistrative
И зучение сл овообразован и я в ан гл и й ск ом я зы к е п ри подготовке
к ЕГЭ о р и ен ти р о ван о , преж де всего, н а изучение о собен н остей п р о ­
цессов аф ф и к са ц и и , которы е осн ован ы на и сп ользован и и аф ф и к со в
при о б р азо ван и и новы х слов. В К од и ф и каторе эл ем ен тов содерж а­
н и я и тр еб о ван и й к уровн ю п од готовк и вы п у ск н и к о в о б щ е о б р а зо ­
вательн ы х у ч р еж д ен и й д ля п р о в ед ен и я ед и н о го го су дарствен н ого
эк зам ен а по ан гл и й ск ом у я зы ку указан ы следую щ ие эл ем ен ты сл о ­
в о о б р азо в ан и я 1:
Суффиксы как элементы словообразования
С уф ф и ксы глаголов:
-ize/ise.
С уф ф и ксы сущ ествительны х:
-e r/o r, -ness, -ist, -ship, -ing, -sio n /tio n ,-a n c e /e n c e , -m en t, -ity.
С уф ф и ксы прилагательны х:
-у, -ic, -ful, -al, -ly, -ia n /a n , -ing, -ous, -ib le/able, -less, -ive.
С уф ф и кс наречий:
-ly-__________________________________________
В настоящ ей части пособ и я мы предлагаем изучени е аф ф и к со в,
зн а н и е которы х проверяется в ходе эк зам ен а. Работа над н и м и н а ­
п р ав л е н а н а о с о зн а н и е зн а ч е н и я , о б р азо в ан и я и п р и н ад л еж н о сти
к той или и н о й части речи . К ром е того, п ред лагаем ы е зад ан и я я в ­
ляю тся п о л езн ы м и с точки зрен и я р асш и р ен и я л екси ч еского запаса.
И м ен н о п оэтом у освоен и е правил сл о во о б р азо в ан и я д олж н о о б я за ­
тельн о вклю чать и работу со словарем , п о и ск зн ач ен и й слов.
1 К о ди ф и като р элем ентов содерж ан ия и требован ий к уровню подготов­
ки вы п у скн и ко в общ еобразовательны х учреж дений для проведени я еди н ого
государственного экзам ен а по ан гл и й ск ом у языку. Реж им доступа: U R L : www.
fipi.ru /v iew /sectio n s/2 2 7 /do cs/628.htm l
16
|
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Verbs
VERBS
— использую тся д ля о б р азо ван и я глаголов на основе прилагатель­
ны х и сущ ествительны х
1 модель: N O U N + IZ E /IS E
2 модель: A D JE C T IV E + IZ E /IS E
— об означаю т д ей стви я и процессы
fo rm a l + ize -> form alize (оформлять)
_______ scandal + ize -> scandalize (возмущать, шокировать)
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. m em ory
2. special
3. industry^
4. sym pathy1
5. ideal
6. d ram a
7. criticism
8. scandal
12.
a. industrialize
b. dram atise
c. m em orize
d. scandalize
e. critisize
f. specialize
g. idealize
h. sym pathize
Divide the words into groups according to their word formation
model.
em phasis2 -> em phasize, neutral -> neutralise, sym pathy -> sym pa­
thize, m odern
m odernise, symbol -> sym bolize, special -» specialize
Noun -» Verb
Adjective —> Verb
П рим ен ен и е су ф ф и к са -ise и ли -ize, к ак п равило, определяется ам ер и к ан ­
ским или бри тан ски м вариантам и ан гли йского язы ка (-ize — ам ери кан ски й
вариант ан гли йского язы ка, -ise — б ри тан ски й вариант ан гл и й ского язы ка):
organize, organise; recognize, recognise.
Но сущ ествую т глаголы , которы е им ею т закреп лен н ое н ап и сан и е су ф ф и к ­
сов, и м ен ять их нельзя: advertise, form alize, sum m arize.
13. А.
Make the verbs from the following nouns using the suffixes
-ise/ -ize. Translate them.
American English
British English
character
apology
symbol
nation
sym pathy
crystal
14.
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
С
T
M
0
К
F
P
P
R
Y
D
R
E
A
L
I
T
Y
0
T
F
A
Z
S
Y
M
В
0
L
R
A
P
0
L
0
G
I
Z
E
F
G
С
R
I
T
I
С
I
S
E
P
R
I
V
A
T
I
Z
E
U
S
A
Z
A
S
D
F
G
T
T
Q
U
A
L
I
Z
E
S
1 sym pathy — сочувствие; сострадание
2 em phasis — вы разительность, сила.
17
Useful Information
______________ _______________________________________ Suffixes ize/ise
11.
1
U
E
18
|
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Verbs
Related words
16. A.
Verbs ( -ize)
m em ory
Noun
symbolize
apology
Verb
idealize
ideal
legally
legality
eq u a l1
harm onious
private
symbolize
Name the verbs which are explained. Underline related words
in the definitions.
3. to represent by a symbol o r symbols_______ _____________________
______________________
5. to m ake m o d ern in appearance o r style
______________________
sym bolically
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
______________________
4. to consider o r represent sm th as ideal
harm oniously
apologize, sym bol, harm ony, ideal, harm onize, apologetically, sym bolic,
ideally, legalize, legal
1. to express o r m ake an apology____________ ______________________
2. to distinguish2 o r m ark as a characteristic
Adverb
Adjective
apologetic
apology
15. A.
1.
It is easier to dem and an ... th an to deliver one.
6. to becom e n eu tral______________________________________________
B.
Complete the word formation chains below using the words
from the definitions.
adjective -»
verb
noun -»
verb
a.
2. M uch free television can already be w atched ... on c o m ­
puters and m obile phones.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
legality b. legalize c. legal d. legally
3. T he cat and the dog live in ... in the Jo n e s’ household.
1 equal — равн ы й , оди н аковы й ; и ден ти ч н ы й , р авн о си л ьн ы й
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
apology b. apologize c. apologetic d. apologetically
a.
2 distinguish — различить; разглядеть, рассм отреть
19
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
realize
criticize
|
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
20
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Verbs
a. h arm o n y b. h arm onize c. h arm onious d. harm oniously
4. T h e w aiter ... to o k th e d ish b ack to th e k itc h en and
quickly brought Mr. A pple a n o th e r one.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
5. We are happy to clarify this an d ... for th e m istake.
10. W hat 1 did was perfectly ... .
6. T h ey ten d to ... th e situation an d to hope for the best.
a. ideal b. idealize c. ideally
7. Even if th e referendum itself does little, th e vote will be
o f huge ... im portance.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. legality b. legalize c. legal d. legally
11. Scientists d o n 't know w hat all these an cien t drawings,
called p e tro g ly p h s,....
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. symbol b. sym bolize c. sym bolic d. sym bolically
a. apology b. apologize c. apologetic d. apologetically
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
17. Make
new sentences using verbs (-ize , -ise) so they mean the
same as the first ones.
Model: The realization that a catastrophe could occur] at a n y tim e so­
bered2 them up. — They realized that a catastrophe could occur at any time
and it sobered them up.
1. T he m ain characteristic o f her writings is an excellent taste.
2 . 1 gave my old friend a smile o f recognition.
a. sym bol b. sym bolize c. sym bolic d. sym bolically
8. T h e p ain tin g s reflect th e h u m a n effort to c reate a ...
blend o f nature an d art.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. h arm o n y b. h arm onize c. harm o n io u s d. harm oniously
1. N oun
9. It w ould be ... if stu d en ts could draw th e ir diagram s on 2. Verb
large pieces o f constru ctio n paper.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
21
a. ideal b. idealize c. ideally
a. apology b. apologize c. apologetic d. apologetically
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
|
3. H e spoke with special emphasis on the subject o f civil rights.
4. T he owl is the sym bol o f w isdom and learning.
5.
T he specialization o f a lot o f Portuguese restaurants is seafood.
1 o ccu r — происходить, случаться
2 sober — отрезвлять
22
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Verbs
Useful Information
П ри в ы п о л н е н и и за д а н и й B l l — B16 н е о б х о д и м о бы ть в н и м а те л ь н ы м
не т о л ь к о к п р а в и л ь н о м у о п р е д е л е н и ю с л о в о о б р а зо в а т е л ь н ы х ф о р м ,
но и к в озм ож ны м грам м ати чески м и орф о гр аф и чески м ош и бкам .
Т ак, при уп отребл ен и и глаголов н еобходим о оп редели ть п равильную вр е­
менную форму, соответствую щ ую предлагаем ом у контексту.
3.
18. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that fits in the space in
4.
the text. Pay attention to the grammar tenses you should use.
1. O ur re sta u ra n t___________ in one type o f m eat, SPE C IA L
so look for pictures o f the anim al you wish to eat
before entering.
2. Yesterday h e ___________ to his wife an d ch ildren for losing his tem per.
A PO L O G Y
3. We
ju s t____________for th e m istake A PO L O G Y
an d we prom ise th a t it w on’t h ap p en again.
4.
H e ___________his com pany 50 years ago.
5. W e ___________in th e last m eeting th at th e situatio n was hopeless.
6.
I'm c ertain in th e future e v e ry o n e ____________
his actions.
19. A.
5.
6.
W hen th e G u g g e n h e im M u seu m B ilbao
opened to the public in 1997, it was im m edi­
ately hailed as one o f the world's m ost spectac­
ular buildings in the style o f D econstructivism .
Last year The New Yorker has characterized it
as "a fa n ta stic d rea m sh ip o f u n d u la tin g 1
form in a cloak o f titanium ."
T he m useum was op en ed as a p art o f a revitalizasion effort for the city o f Bilbao. In its
first three years, alm ost 4 m illion tourists vis­
ited th e m useum , helping to g enerate about
€500 m illion in econom ic activity. T he term ,
however, has also been em ployed by crvtics
w ho have d en o u n ced th e m useum as a svm bolic o f cultural im perialism .
R E C O G N IT IO N
C R IT IC IS M
Analyze the test a pupil did. Determine types of mistakes in it:
word formation mistakes (WF); grammar mistakes (G); spelling
mistake (S).
T h e G u g g en h eim M u seu m Bilbao is a m u ­
seum o f m o d e rn an d co n te m p o ra ry a rt, lo ­
cated in Bilbao, Spain.
T h e Basque govern m en t agreed to cover th e
1. $100 m illion co n stru c tio n cost an d to subsi- SU B SID Y
dized th e m u seum 's U S $12 m illion an n u a l
budget. In exchange, th e F o u n d atio n agreed
2. to m anage th e in stitu tio n an d orgarnize tern - O R G A N IZ A T IO N
porary exhibitions.
C H A R A C T E R IS T IC
R EV ITA LIZE
C R IT IC IZ E
SY M B O L IZ E
B . Correct the mistakes made in the test above.
O R G A N IZ A T IO N
»
1 undulating — волнисты й.
| 23
24
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
NOUNS
| 25
2 0 . Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
Suffixes - er/ -or
М одель образован ия:
V E R B /N O U N + E R /O R ,
о б о зн ач ает л и ц о , н азы в аем о е по роду за н я т и й , или п редм ет (устройство)
со сп ец и ал ьн ой ф ункц ией .
Будьте внимательны! У потребление суф ф и ксов -ег или -or необходимо
проверять по словарю .
Useful Information
Суффикс -ег
1) образует существительные от глаголов или существительных, обозначающие
лицо, называемое по роду занятий, профессии, привычкам, привычным за­
нятиям; по взглядам и убеждениям; по происхождению и месту проживания
plum ber — водопроводчик
financier — финансист
rider — наездник
leader — лидер, вождь
beginner — начинающий, новичок
winner — победитель
1. teach
2. drive
3. build
4. tra in
5. w rite
6. send
7. sing
8. invent
9. co n tain
10. decorate
21. A.
a. tra in er
b. sender
c. inventor
d. tea ch e r
e. w riter
f. con tain er
g. d eco rato r
h. builder
i. driver
j. singer
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
inventor, com puter, cooker, winner, reactor, refrigerator, writer, recorder,
manager, runner, printer, sailor, escalator, creato r
Anim ate objects
Inanim ate objects
2) образует существительные со значением предмета или устройства со спе­
циальной функцией
eraser — ласт ик, резинка
conditioner — кондиционер
container — контейнер
Суффикс -or
1) встречается в существительных латинского и французского происхожде­
ния, обозначающих название действующего лица
inheritor — наследник
visitor — посетитель, гость
inventor — изобретатель
decorator — декоратор
2) образует названия приспособлений или предметов со специальной функцией
tractor — трактор; тягач
transistor — транзистор
ventilator — вентилятор
m onitor — монитор
B.
Find their related words from the table.
com pute, prin t, sail, m anage, run, cook, w in, escalate, refrigerate, w rite,
record, react, invent, create
W hich o f these words require -e r to form nouns?
W hich of them require -o r to form nouns?
26
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
2 2 . Make nouns from the following words using the suffixes -o r/-e r.
-or
sail
-er
to invent
—
to w rite
sing
—
to create
extinguish1
—
to draw
work
—
to teach
possess
—
to mix
n arrate2
—
to sm oke
lead
—
co n tain
—
N ouns ( -er/-or)
24. А.
calculate
—
react
—
Name the words which are explained. Underline related
words in the definitions.
1. A person w ho writes books is a(n)__________________ ________________
2. A person w ho composes m usic is a(n )
________________
erase3
—
3. A person w ho edits w ritten m aterial is a(n )
________________
ride
—
4. A person w ho plays a gam e is a(n )
________________
—
5. A person w ho trains athletes in a sport is a(n )
________________
6. A person w ho translates texts is a(n)
________________
7. A person w ho acts in a play o r a film is a(n )
________________
8. A person w ho speaks at a form al occasion is a(n)
9. A person w ho fights is a(n)
________________
________________
wait
23.
Related words
| 27
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
S
F
G
С
0
к
К
L
T
N
M
S
T
R
D
R
A
W
E
R
I
N
V
E
N
T
0
R
A
N
X
D
D
A
U
G
N
I
С
N
1. A driver is a person w ho
2. A buyer
E
U
U
T
A
S
D
T
H
В
R
S
M
0
К
E
R
E
E
s
W
P
Q
R
Q
W
U
R
R
и
10.
A person w ho works in a m ine1 is a(n )
B.
________________
Explain the following words using related words.
3. A co m p etito r_____________________ ________________________________
4. A collector
5. A l
e
c
i--------------------------------- -------------------- — ------------------------- ----
t
u
r
e
r
________________________________
6. A n inspector_____________________ _______________________________
1 extinguish — гасить, ли к ви д и р о вать (п ож ар), туш ить
2 narrate — повествовать, рассказы вать
3 erase — стирать, соскабли вать
7. A farm er
1 m ine — р удн и к; шахта
28
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
8. A directo r________________________ _______________ _________________
believer, offender, observer, m ixture, helper, founder, doubter, offensive,
doubt, em ploym ent, employ, help, founded, m ixed, observe, consum er,
d irectio n , c o m p etitio n , a n n o u n c e m e n t, d irect, co m p ete, consum able,
announcing, believe
9. A p ro d u cer_______________________ ________________________________
10.
A co n d u c to r
C.
.________________________________
Complete the word formation chains with examples from the
definitions.
Relative word -»
Relative word -»
+ or
| 29
B.
+ er
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. W heat based food norm ally contains a ... o f ingredients.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. m ixer b. m ixture c. m ix d. m ixed
25. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Noun
(occupation)
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. offender b. offensive c. offend d. offence
N oun
(act, process)
Verb
Adjective
announce1
a n n o u n cer
belief
2. W hen you break a legal rule o r a social n o rm , this is an
exam ple o f an ....
-
believable
3. Being nice and ... may get you good friends and a happy 1. N o u n
2. Verb
life.
3. Adjective
a. helper b. help c. helpful
com petitive
co m p etito r
co n su m p tio n 2
4. T he com pany's ... tried to develop his business.
direct
director
doubt
doubtful
a.
founder b. foundation c. founded d. found
em ployable
em ployer
fo u n d atio n
5. An ... can use jo b offer letters to confirm the details.
found
helpful
help
observant
observation3
offence
1 announce — объявлять; сообщ ать
2 consum ption — потребление
3 observation — наблю дение
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. em ployer b. em ploym ent c. em ploy d. em ployable
m ix
m ixer
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
6.
T he researchers a p p e a r ... about th e ir results.
offend
a. d o ubter b. d o ubt c. doubtful
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
30
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
7. G enerally, a film ... controls a film 's artistic an d dram atic
aspects and visualizes th e script.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
drive
—>
run
-У
believe
-у
rob
-y
8. T his report focuses o n how ... can be m ade m ore sustain­
able.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. co n su m p tio n b. co n su m er c. consum e d. consum able
9. A ... exam ination is an exam ination w here candidates are
ranked according to th e ir grades.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. co m p etitio n b. co m p etito r c. com pete d. com petitive
10. T he link betw een issues o f h ealth an d religious ... is not
a new subject at all.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. believer b. belief c. believe d. believable
11. M icrosoft m ay ... next g eneration o f Xbox o n M ay 21.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. a n n o u n c e r b. an n o u n c e m e n t c. an n o u n ce d. announcing
H e's hardly a n e u tr a l... m aking a point.
a.
26.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
observer b. observation c. observe d. observant
Read the following spelling rules. Complete the word chains below.
Е сл и слово о к а н ч и в ае т с я н а -е, п р и д о б а в л е н и и с у ф ф и к са -ег
гласн ая -е- не удваивается: т аке — m aker
В однослож ны х словах с закр ы ты м гласн ы м слогом п р и д об авл е­
н и и су ф ф и ксо в -e rf-o r удваивается согласн ая: rob — robber
explore - у _________________
begin -у
s_____________
exam ine - > _________________
babysit - y
31
Useful Information
a. d irecto r b. direct c. direction
12.
|
11ри вы полнении заданий В 11 — В 16 необходимо быть вним ательны м не толь­
ко к правильном у определению словообразовательны х ф орм , но и к возм ож ­
ным грам м атическим и орф ограф и ческим ош ибкам.
1ак, при образовании им ен сущ ествительных важ но обратить вним ание н а их
возмож ное употребление в ф орм е м нож ествен ного числа: на это указы вает
общ ий смы сл п редлож ения, глаголы, с которы м и согласуется им я сущ естви­
тельное, косвен н ы м указателем этого такж е м ож ет бы ть отсутствие артикля.
27.
Use the words given in capitals to form a word that fits in the
space in the text. Pay attention to the grammar changes you
should make.
Wc are here to bring parents into co n tact w ith caring and
BABYSIT (1)
c a p a b le ___________ (1) in th e ir area.
Welcome to the virtual harbour o f the Superyacht A sso­
ciation w hich unites and represents th e w orld’s leading
_________ (2) o f large yachts.
B U IL D (2)
Since I becam e a ___________ (3), m y to p p rio rity has
been creating good-paying jobs for o u r citizens.
G O V E R N (3)
Police forces in E urope are h u n tin g fo r a $50 m illion
stash o f diam onds' stolen by eight a rm e d ___________ (4).
ROB (4)
M o st___________(5) will n o t use the website if they have
to register because registration takes tim e.
U SE (5)
I he Penn Libraries w e lc o m e ____________(6) w hose re ­
V IS IT (6)
search requires use o f our collections.
______________
1 stash o f diam onds — т а й н и к с бри лл и ан там и .
32
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
28. A.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Nouns
Analyze the test the pupil did. Determine types of mistakes in
them: grammar mistakes (G); spelling mistakes (S).
D enise van O u ten is an English actress an d singers.
H er m ost notable roles to date are a p resen ter on T he
Big Breakfast an d Roxie H art in th e m usical Chicago.
Van O uten was voted R ear o f th e Year in a 2007 poll
o f reader o f G razia m agazine.
She first played Roxie H a rt o n th e stage in th e hit
m usical C hicago in A pril 2001. H er ru n proved a hit
w ith theatre-goers.
F o r S trictly's te n th series in S ep tem b er 2012, van
O uten was p artn ered bv professional d a rn c er Jam es
Jo rd a n . Som e view er co u ld n o t accep t h e r fu rth er
progressing in th e co m p etitio n , w ith h e r 'advantage'
o f stage and dance experience over o th e r celebrities.
However, O u ten an d Jo rd a n did finish as ru n n e rup b eh in d th e w iner L ouis S m ith an d professional
o a rtn o r Flavia C acace.
B.
S IN G
PRESEN T
REA D
30. A.
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
happiness, sadness, ugliness, friendliness, weakness, ripeness, foolishness,
m adness, illness, seriousness, rudeness, sharpness
DANCE
V IEW
RUNUP
W IN
PART
B.
М одель образования:
A D JE C T IV E + N ESS
используется д л я образо ван и я сущ ествительны х, о бо значаю щ и х со сто ян и я
или качества, оп исы ваем ы е соответствую щ им прилагательны м .
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
a. rudeness
b. sadness
c. m adness
d. weakness
e. friendliness
f. goodness
g. awareness
States
.
Correct the mistakes made in the test above.
1. friendly
2. happy
3. m ad
4. ill
5. rude
6. sad
7. foolish
.
h. illness
i. happiness
j. foolishness
Qualities
Suffix -ness
29.
8. weak
9. good
10. aware
| 33
Find their related words from the table.
aide, friendly, m ad, ill, serious, foolish, ugly, weak, ripe, happy, sharp
31.
Make nouns from the following words using the suffix -ness. Pay
attention to the spelling rule.
Если слово заканчивается на согласную + у, то добавлении суффикса
ness -у переходит в -/: lonely —» loneliness
+• ness
friendly
foolish
happy
ugly
rude
without spelling changes
with spelling changes
34
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
without spelling changes
+ ness
Related words
with spelling changes
weak
rude
stuffy1
careless
| 35
Nouns ( -ness)
great
ill
bald
lazy
\
quiet
bald2
sad
helpful
3 2 . Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ness?
1. a. h appi2.
3.
4.
5.
33.
a.
a.
a.
a.
roughuglireadisharp-
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
с.
с.
с.
с.
с.
baldap p o in trudeen rich th ic k -
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
w eakseriousb rillian trip erival-
im presskindgoodsicktidi-
34. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Noun
Verb
brightness
Adjective
bright
dark
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz
zle and complete the table below.
Adverb
deafness
darkly
deaf1
quicken
roughness2
quickly
roughly
B
S
D
R
0
Q
F
T
A
S
s
G
N
P
U
в
и
К
L
L
G
T
О
F
u
s
V
D
A
I
E
D
T
R
P
С
A
R
E
L
E
S
S
N
E
к
s
X
D
0
N
D
T
0
A
L
A
F
T
С
N
0
E
N
N
M
E
S
T
X
и
D
E
T
S
E
E
N
В
J
N
I
L
A
S
E
S
S
S
u
В
N
E
D
M
E
S
V
u
S
s
R
S
E
S
D
E
1. N o u n
1. T he first th ing we need to do before we ... any edges is 2. Verb
create a copy o f o u r photo.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
H
E
L
p
F
и
L
N
E
S
S
G
a. darken b. darkly c. dark d. darkness
1 stu ffy — душ ны й
2 bald — лы сы й
quickness, roughen, quick, darkness, rough, darken, brighten, deafen,
brightly, deafly
S
В . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the following
sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1 d e af — глухой
2 roughness — ш ероховатость, резкость
36
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
2. People w ith m oderate ... have difficulty following speech
w ithout a hearing aid.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
strengths." For people w ho suffer f r o m
(8),
_________ (9) is th e first step in d ealin g w ith th ese
problem s. T he m ovem ents start to change th e energy
and m ake you feel b etter and lift t h a t
(10).
| 37
IL L (8)
AWARE (9)
SA D (10)
a. d e a f b. deafen c. deafly d. deafness
3. Stress invokes sym ptom s such as a rise in blood pressure,
... o f breath o r increased cardiac activity.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
Suffix -ist
М одель образован ия:
A D JE C T IV E /N O U N + IST
используется для образован ия сущ ествительны х, указы ваю щ их род деятель­
ности, убеж дения, верован ия лю дей.
a. quicken b. quickly c. quick d. quickness
4. Providing h ealth insurance to th e ... 50 m illion A m eri­
cans will cost about $ 120 billion a year.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. roughen b. rough c. roughly d. roughness
1. N oun
5. If you tu rn dow n th e ... o n your phone, how m uch longer 2. Verb
will your battery last?
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. bright b. brighten c. brightly d. brightness
35.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
"To practice
(1) w ithin yourself gives you a
trem en d o u s b enefit," says Tai C hi instru cto r, N a th a n
Spivey. M ost people know Tai C hi as a health exercise.
N ath a n em phasizes th at.th ere is one im p o rtan t aspect
o f Tai C hi th a t is re q u ire d ;__________ (2) o f m ind. N a ­
th a n says: "Tai C hi creates a sense o f balance, so it helps
m e to a v o id __________ (3) a n d ___________(4)._"H e b e­
lieves th a t being able to learn y o g a ,_________ (5) and
__________(6) are im p o rta n t in h elp in g th e body to
offset negative effects o f stress. "You get to know your
body better and you get to know y o u r__________ (7) and
Q U IE T (1)
36.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. biology
2. guitar
3. psychology
4. reception
5. econom y
6. jo u rn al
7. science
8. ecology
9. violin
10. h u m o u r
37. A.
a. violinist
b. scientist
c. ecologist
d. hum orist
e. econom ist
f. psychologist
g. guitarist
h. journalist
i. biologist
j. receptionist
Divide the following words into three groups according to
their meaning.
dentist, pianist, scientist, realist, biologist, guitarist, optim ist, pessim ist,
econom ist, pacifist, pharm acist, cellist, racist, harpist, violinist
CA LM
NERVOUS
IM P U L S IV E
M IN D F U L
S E R IO U S
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
W EA K (7)
People o f certain beliefs
and religion
People o f certain
occupation
People playing
musical instruments
38
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
People o f certain beliefs
a nd religion
Nouns
People o f certain
occupation
People playing
musical instruments
j
39
Nouns ( -ist)
Related words
jo u rn al
linguistics
nature
B.
physics
Find their related words from the table.
psychology
pacifism , violin, optim ism , d ental, cello, science, piano, economy, real­
ism, biology, race, pharm acy, pessim ism , guitar, harp
38.
reception
science
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ist?
1. a. jo u rn a l2. a. co m petit3. a. p erfection4. a. ch em 5. a. ecolog-
39. A.
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
pian novelautom obilpacifeco n o m -
c.
c.
с.
с.
c.
celebrte rro rd efen d financglobal-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
B.
Choose the right form of the words for each sentence.
1. H er sense o f ... (a) m ade her a favourite o f the company.
H e is know n to be a great ...(b ).
activlingum eteorologdram atim igr-
2.
Red H ot C hilli Peppers has found a new ... (a). 1 haven’t
got enough m oney to buy a new ...(b ), it’s too expensive!
guitar
guitarist
3.
If you w ant to becom e a great ... (a), you should study
natural sciences. If you w ant to know ... (b), you should
read a lot.
biologist
biology
4. A well-know n ... (a) is looking for new employees. A wellknow n ... (b) has recently published a new book.
jo urnal
journalist
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
R
D
0
J
0
P
L
M
H
N
I
T
E
E
S
u
0
F
T
Y
U
M
N
A
S
R
С
A
F
и
D
F
T
Y
u
I
0
S
A
E
V
S
R
P
0
I
U
Y
T
R
D
S
P
L
I
N
G
U
I
s
T
A
S
D
F
T
W
N
A
T
U
R
A
L
I
s
T
0
I
A
К
L
A
S
D
F
G
В
V
Z
L
0
S
С
I
E
N
T
I
S
T
D
X
К
N
D
О
S
A
D
G
J
Z
С
0
С
J
1
T
p
T
M
В
С
Z
A
D
J
О
H
S
I
p
H
Y
S
I
С
I
S
T
К
N
T
P
s
Y
С
H
0
L
О
G
I
s
T
hum ourist
hu m o u r
5.
I t’s very im portant to be a ... (a) nowadays. It’s very im ­
portant to have a ... (b) way o f looking at things nowadays.
40. A.
real
realist
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Noun
(occupation)
Noun
(act, process)
Verb
dram a
dram atis(z)e
Adjective
econom ic
econom ist
terrible
terror
—
scientific
40
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Noun
(occupation)
Noun
(act, process)
globalist
Verb
Adjective
globalis(z)e
hu m o u r
ecologist
—
7.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. Pierre B euam archais was a F ren ch ... an d librettist.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. dram atist b. dram a c. dram atise d. dram atic
2. T his book gives a com prehensive overview o f ... p rin c i­
ples.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. econom ist b .econom y c. econom ise d. econom ic
3. A lthough anyone can have a night o f ..., th ey are m uch
m ore co m m o n in young children.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. terrorist b. te rro r c. terrify d. terrible
• ■
n o
4. Becom ing a ... requires years o f study an d a lot o f dedica­
tion.
a.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
scientist b. science c. scientific
5. In sociology ... is understood as global mass culture d o m ­
inated by mass m edia.
a. globalist b. globalization c. globalise d. global
41
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. ecologist b. ecology c. ecological
—
dram atist, terrify, ecology, hum orist, economy, scientist, global, dram atic,
hum orous, globalization, terrorist, econom is (z)e, ecological, science
B.
(). T he exact work o f an ... depends on the purpose o f the
work.
|
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
1. N o u n
The article includes a few m athem atically ... sayings th at
2. Verb
any m athem atician can appreciate!
3. Adjective
a. hum orist b. h u m o u r c. hum orous
41.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
S C IE N C E (1)
A _______ (1), in a broad sense, is one engaged in
a system atic activity to acq u ire know ledge. In
1834 W hewell w rote: "As we ca n n o t use physi­
cian for a cultivator o f physics, I have called him
PH Y SICS (2)
a ________ (2). We need very m uch a nam e to d e­
scribe a cultivator o f science in general. I should in­
cline to call him a scientist". Thus we might say, that
A R T (3)
as a n ________ (3) is a musician, a painter or a poet,
C H E M IS T R Y (4)
(4), m athem atician, physia scientist is a
N A T U R E (5)
(5). T here are different types
cist o r a
o f scientists according to the fields o f science they
work in. For e x a m p le ,________ (6) study m an's A R C H A E O L O G Y (6)
past by scientific analysis o f the m aterial rem ains
B IO LO G Y (7)
o f his c u ltu r e s .____________ (7) study living o r­
ganism s, in clu d in g th e ir stru ctu re , fu n c tio n in g
C H E M IS T R Y (8)
and evolution. _ _ _______(8) analyze c o m p o ­
sitio n , p ro p ertie s an d rea ctio n s o f substances.
G E O L O G Y (9)
.
(9) study the origin, history, stru ctu re
PSY CO LO G Y (10)
and com position o f the e a r th .
(10) ex­
E C O N O M IC S (11)
am ine functioning o f o rg an ism s.___________ (11)
exam ine p ro d u c tio n and co n su m p tio n o f goods
and services.
42
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
____________________________________
8. reader
9. relation
10. com panion
Suffix -ship
М одель образования:
N O U N + S H IP
используется для образо ван и я сущ ествительны х, им ею щ их собирательное
или абстрактн ое зн ачен и е.
_______________________________________
Useful Information
— указы вает на полож ение человека в общ естве; звани е, долж ность
captainship — капитанство
chairmanship — председательство
— указы вает на ум ение, мастерство, искусство
airmanship — лёт ное мастерство
draftsmanship — черчение, искусство черчения
horsemanship — искусство верховой езды
— указы вает на отн о ш ен и я
comradeship/ fellowship — товарищество, содружество
friendship — дружба, товарищество
— указы вает на абстрактны е п онятия
authorship — авторство
Censorship — цензура
citizenship — гражданство
— указы вает на круг лю дей, объединённы х к ако й -л . деятельностью
readership — круг читателей, читательская аудитория
listenership — круг слушателей, слуш ательская аудитория
______________ membership — круг членов (какой-л. организации)
42.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. c h a irm a n 1
2. citizen
3. d irector
4. professor
5. friend
6. partn er
7. captain
1 chairm an — председатель
2 professorship — п роф ессорство
a. directorship
b. chairm anship
c. partnership
d. citizenship
e. professorship2
f. readership
g. relationship
| 43
h. com panionship
i. friendship
j. captainship
43. A.
Read the following words. Pay attention to their meaning.
Answer the questions below.
com panionship, citizenship, ch a n cello rsh ip 1, professorship, clerkship2,
am bassadorship3, chairm anship, fellowship, ow nership4, apprenticeship5,
c o u rtsh ip 6, c raftsm an sh ip , frien d sh ip , sta te sm a n sh ip 7, stew ard sh ip 8,
horsem anship
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Which o f these nouns mean status?
Which o f these nouns mean skills?
Which o f these nouns characterize different kinds o f relations?
Which o f these nouns show different positions in an office or a company ?
Which o f these nouns are connected with the process o f administration ?
B.
Find their related words from the table.
com panion, chairm an, steward, citizen, chancellor, court, craftsm an,
fellow, owner, apprentice, professor, clerk, am bassador, friend,
statesm an, horsem an
44.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ship?
1. a. citizen2. a. censor3. a. horsem an-
1
2
3
4
5
b. c h am p io n b. leaderb. co m p an io n -
c. celebrityc. m em berc. help-
d. au th o rd. com fortd. fellow-
chancellorship — канц лер
clerkship — долж ность секретаря, к лерка, оф и сн ого служ ащ его
am bassadorship — долж ность, п олн ом оч и я посла
ow nership — собственность; владение
apprenticeship — обучение, учение, ученичество (рем еслу); ср о к учен и я,
период обучения
6 courtship — ухаж ивание
7 statesm anship — искусное уп равлен ие государственны м и делам и
8 stew ardship — уп равление, заведован и е, руководство
44
I
4. a. defence5. a. sponsor-
45.
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
b. ow nerb. h o n o u r1-
c. p artn erc. scholar2-
46.
d. relationd. sportsm an-
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
А
S
Р
D
F
G
Н
J
К
L
N
н
L
А
D
А
и
F
Т
О
S
Е
Т
Р
О
Е
Е
S
R
F
и
I
W
D
Е
Т
и
А
А
С
1
Т
1
Z
Е
N
S
Н
1
р
F
D
и
1
N
1
N
О
Е
Р
К
L
Y
Т
Е
X
м
Е
М
В
Е
R
S
Н
1
Р
и
R
и
N
R
L
м
N
S
в
Y
С
О
G
S
в
Е
S
М
J
Е
Н
1
Н
N
м
В
Н
N
М
н
и
О
К
1
N
S
Н
I
Р
N
М
I
и
L
О
Р
А
G
Т
V
1
О
р
С
L
Е
R
К
S
н
I
Related words
citizen
ow ner
p artn er
m em ber
Nouns (-ship)
1 45
Examine the following models. Complete the word chains below.
Pay attention to the meaning of related words.
Model 1: read -> reader —>readership
own
-»
listen
lead
-»
—>
Model 2: chair —> chairman —> chairmanship
air
-»
d rafts1
—>
horse
->
I
states
->
D
Р
m arks2
-»
Р
Z
pen
—»
—>
47. A.
Name the verbs which are explained. Underline related
words in the definitions.
1. the state o f being a friend_________________________ ________________
2. the state o r fact o f being an ow ner_________________ ________________
kin3
3. the state o f being vested3 with the rights, privileges
and duties o f a citizen
________________
clerk
4. the state o f being a mem ber, as o f a society or a club
leader
5. people w ho read o r are th ought to read a particular
book, newspaper, m agazine, etc___________________ _______________
I
________________
6. the ability, qualifications o r practice o f a statesm an;
wisdom and skill in the m anagem ent o f public affairs ________________
1 hon o u r — слава, почёт, честь
2 scholar — учёны й
3 kin — родня, ро дствен ни ки; родство
1 drafts — чер н о ви ки , проекты
2 m arks — м и ш ен и, цели
3 vest — наделять (правом )
46
B.
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Complete the word formation chains below using the words from
the definitions.
friend
-»
friendship
-»
48.
Choose the right of the words form for each sentence.
... (1) m akes prosperity m ore shining and lessens adversity
by dividing and sharing it. (Cicero)
friendship
friend
T he best effect o f any book is th at it excites the ... (2) to
self-activity. (Thom as Carlyle)
reader
readership
All the arts we p ractice are ... (3). T he big art is o u r life.
( М. C. Richards)
apprenticeship
apprentice
W atch out for the ... (4) w ho talks about putting things in
order! Putting things in o rd er always m eans getting o ther
people u n d er your control. (Denis Diderot)
fellow
fellowship
A sense o f h u m o r is a p art o f th e art o f ... (5), o f g e t­
ting along w ith peo p le, o f getting things d o n e. (Dwight
D. Eisenhower)
leadership
leader
Useful Information
Суффикс -ing
образует с у щ еств и тел ь н ы е от глаголов (и реж е от сущ еств и тел ьн ы х )
со зн ачен и ем п роцесса, дей стви я, состояни я
absorbing — всасывание; поглощение
carrying — транспортирование, транспортировка
law -m aking — издание законов
образует с у щ еств и тел ь н ы е о т глаголов (и реж е от сущ еств и тел ьн ы х )
со зн ачен и ем ко н кр етн ого объекта, предмета, материала
camping — кемпинг, лагерь для автотуристдв
deafening — звукоизолирую щ ий мат ериал
образует су щ еств и тел ь н ы е от глагол ов (и реж е от сущ еств и тел ьн ы х)
со зн ачен и ем абстрактного понятия со зн ачен и ем «область зн ан и й , каче­
ство, характеристи ка, деятельность, род занятий»
landscape-gardening — декорат ивное садоводство
daring — смелость, храбрость
leading — лидерство, лидирование
49.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. babysit
2. engineer
3. farm
4. bring up'
5. build
6. clim b
7. drive
8. begin
9. bleed2
10. fish
Suffix -ing
М одели образования:
N O U N + IN G
V ER B + IN G
O T H E R PART O F S P E E C H + IN G
служат для образован ия сущ ествительны х от глаголов и других частей речи
со зн ачен и ем п роцесса, со сто я н и я, действия.
| 47
1 bring up — воспи тани е
2 bleed — кровоточить; истекать кровью
a. upbringing
b. bleeding
c. babysitting
d. driving
e. engineering
f. beginning
g. clim bing
h. building
i. fishing
j. farm ing
48
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
50. A.
Read the following words. Pay attention to their meaning.
Answer the questions below.
VERB + ing
N O U N + ing
| 49
Other parts o f speech + ing
greetin g 1, sw im m ing, collecting, painting, lining2, farm ing, opening,
flooring3, cam ping, m o untaineering, nursing, gardening
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Which
Which
Which
Which
Which
B.
o f these
o f these
o f these
o f these
o f these
nouns mean process?
nouns mean objects?
nouns mean material?
nouns mean occupation ?
nouns mean activity?
53.
Find their related words from the table.
greet, cam p, swim , open, nurse, line, m ou n tain, farm , collect, floor,
garden, paint
51. Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix -ing?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
52.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
travelscandald an c(e)sco r(e)lan d -
b. ta le n tb. readb. singb. d ustb. essenc(e)5-
c.
c.
c.
c.
c.
p aten tp ain tupbringguilt4carry-
d. teaclid. stor(e)d. nervousd. m eetd. talk-
Divide the words into three groups according to their word forma­
tion model.
nurse -» nursing6, beat -» beating, short -» shorting, face7 -» facing,
eat -» eating, fat -» fatting8, flu te-» fluting, speak -» speaking,
out -» outing9, heat -» heating, farm -» farm ing, w hite -» w hiting
Read the words in the table below. Find related words
in the puzzle and complete the table below.
M
E
E
T
I
N
G
H
и
H
T
К
F
H
R
0
F
N
В
p
A
T
В
I
F
A
F
D
0
G
в
D
U
D
F
A
l
R
U
F
Y
R
R
T
К
L
M
N
Y
E
A
T
1
N
G
s
D
A
1
R
1
D
I
N
G
G
p
I
Y
N
R
W
A
H
G
T
U
D
A
F
G
T
s
1
Z
1
N
G
F
R
A
G
0
и
T
1
N
G
В
D
G
J
T
E
A
D
В
G
Z
О
Related words
m eet
bring up
eat
'
2
3
4
5
6
7
s
9
greeting — приветствие
lining — подкладка; внутрен няя оби вка
flooring — настил, пол
guilt — вина
essence — сущ ество, сущ ность
nursing — уход за больны м
face — сталкиваться
fatting — обезж и риван ие
outing — прогулка; экскурси я; п и к н и к
train
out
ride
size
Nouns (-ing)
50
54.
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
Examine the following models. Complete the word chains below.
Model: babysit —» babysitting -» babysitter
begin
-»
51
Useful Information
Суффикс -ion
указы вает на дей ствие, п роцесс, состояни е
comprehension — понимание, осмысление
transformation — изменение, превращение, преобразование
-»
build
указы вает на абстрактн ое понятие; свойство, качество
accommodation — помещение; жилье
swim
teach
56. А.
w rite
55.
1
-a
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
P u b lic -s p e a k in g ____________ (1) has a n u m b e r o f realistic
objectives. M any people fear p u b lic ___________ (2), b u t this
relu c ta n c e 1can be overcom e w ith p ro p e r___________ (3). Im ­
proving your com m unicative skills is th e m ain aim o f public­
speaking program s. A n o th er objective w ould be to prepare for
co n feren ces, ru n n in g a ____________ (4) o r o th e r leadership
roles. A no th er objective i s ___________ (5) how to influence an
audience to agree and persuade2 listeners to take action.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related words in the second column. Underline their suffixes,
T R A IN
SPEA K
LEA RN
M EET
TEA C H
adm ire
an tic ip a te 1
apply2
celebrate
calculate
confirm 3
devote4
direct
fascinate5
im agine
a. calculation
b. confirm ation
c. adm iration
d. celebration
e. anticipation
f. fascination
g. devotion
h. im agination
i. application
j. direction
в.
1. im press
2. include
3. decide
4. conclude
5 . expand
6. express
7. discuss
8 . a p p re h e n d 6
Suffix -ion
М одель образования:
VERB + ION
служ ит для о б р азо ван и я сущ ествительн ы х от глаголов со зн ач ен и ем д е й ­
стви я, п роцесса, со сто я н и я, абстрактного п о н я ти я , свойства, качества.
Н аиболее р асп ростр ан ен н ы м явл яется н ап и сан и е слов с су ф ф и ксам и
-atio n , -itio n , -sion, -tio n , -xion.
1 reluctance — неохота, неж елан ие
2 persuade — убеж дать (в ч ё м -л .); ск л о н и т ь (к ч ем у -л .), уго во р и ть (н а
что-л.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
a. expansion
b. apprehension
c. expression
d. suspension
e. im pression
f. possession
g. inclusion
h. discussion
anticipate — предвосхищ ать, предугады вать
apply — обращ аться с п росьбой, (п и сьм ен н ы м ) заявлением
confirm — подтверждать, п одкреплять
devote — посвящ ать (себя чем у-то возвы ш ен ном у)
fascinate — восхищ ать, приводи ть в восторг, очаровы вать, плен ять
apprehend — пони м ать, постигать, разгады вать, схватывать
52
1
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
9.
10.
possess1
suspend2
Nouns
i. decision
j. conclusion
57. A.
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
tran sfo rm atio n , calculation, acco m m o d atio n 3, tradition, in terruption4,
intu itio n , investigation, inform ation, isolation, excursion, liberation,
profession
State or act
Abstract noun
59.
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
Л
D
G
J
0
P
1
D
V
Н
О
А
D
С
С
0
R
R
E
С
т
I
о
N
к
J
С
А
R
P
E
X
P
A
N
S
I
О
N
А
С
и
E
Z
С
F
E
S
В
с
D
О
К
V
J
О
Л
С
G
U
В
M
J
и
X
В
N
и
М М
T
T
G
В
P
0
s
S
Е
S
S
I
О
N
1
С
V
В
N
0
О
S
G
в
N
М
L
Р
()
D
1
R
E
с
т
1
О
N
и
Е
R
D
N
A
D
U
I
N
О
о
J
О
Р
Е
Т
Е
/.
S
F
A
S
С
1
N
А
т
I
О
N
N
Related words
words from the table. Pay attention to the
part of speech they represent.
create
discuss
transform , in terru p t, investigate, isolate, liberate, accom m odate,
intuit, inform , excursionist, profess5, trad itional, calculate
direct
expand
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ion?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
2
3
4
5
6
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
an ticip at(e)- b. depress- c. p o llu t(e)- d. paintpossess- b. p ercen t- c. subtract6- d. inventrefresh- b. m ultip licat(e)- c. classificat(e)- d. conservat(e)express- b. discuss- c. tru st- d. transform im press- b. co rresp o n d - c. co n v ersant(e)- d. anticip at(e)-
possess — обладать
suspend — врем енн о отстран ять, и склю чать
accom m odation — п ом ещ ен ие; ж ильё; прию т, убеж ищ е
interruption — переры в; пауза; зам и н ка
profess — заним аться какой -л. деятельностью , избрать своей п роф ессией
subtract — вы читать
Nouns (-ion)
correct
B. Find their related
58.
| 53
possess
fascinate
60. A.
Analyze the following models. Translate the given examples.
Verb ending
-> suffix
Example
-ss
-> ion
possess — possession
-nt
-> ion
invent — invention
-de
-> sion
conclude — conclusion
-it
-> sion
perm it — perm ission
-nd
-> sion
expand — expansion
54
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Verb ending
Nouns
Example
Verb ending
-> suffix
accuse — accusation
-de
-> sion
-> suffix
- » ation
-rm
ation
form — form ation
-it
-» sion
-ify
-> ication
classify — classification
-n d
-> sion
-ish
- » ition
abolish — abolition
-se
-> ation
-ose
-> ition
expose — exposition
-rm
-> ation
-ify
- » ication
-ish
-> ition
-ose
-> ition
обладать
_____________
ф о р м и р о ван и е
______
изобретать
_____________
вы ставка
______
разреш ать
_____________
делать вы вод
______
растягиваться,
р асш и р яться
____________
о б ви н ен и е
вы вод
анн ули ровать,
о тм ен ять
к л асси ф и ц и р о в ать
р азр еш ен и е
обладание
ф о р м и р овать
об ви н ять
р асш и р ен и е
отм ена
классиф икация
показы вать,
выставлять н а показ
и зобретен ие
В.
Examples
-se
Translate the following words. Use the examples from the table.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Verb
Adjective
express
expressive
h u m iliation1
persuasion
impressively
persuasive
resolute
-> suffix
satisfy
-ss
- » ion
-n t
- » ion
1 exclude — исклю чать
2 dem olish — разруш ать, уничтож ать
Examples
Adverb
hum iliatingly
im press
exclude1, oppose, prevent, converse, adm it, inform , discuss, dem olish2,
extend, identify
Verb ending
61. A.
Noun
(act, process)
Form nouns using the words from the table. Complete the table
with your examples.
| 55
adm iration
satisfactory
Г'
confuse
continuation
resolutely
adm iringly
confusedly
continual
cooperate
cooperatively
expressively, coo p eratio n , confusion, resolution, adm ire, confused, salisfaction, persuade, im pression, im pressive, continually, expression,
adm irable, cooperative, h u m iliating, hum iliate, resolve, satisfactorily,
persuasively, continue
1 h u m ilia tio n — у н и ж е н и е
56
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the following
sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. M y te a r s a re a n ... o f m y g rie f.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. expression b. express c. expressive d. expressively
2. H e suffered th e ... o f getting th e lowest score on the test
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. hum iliation b. hum iliate c. hum iliating d. hum iliatingly
1.
3. T here cam e an ... m om ent in all this confusion, a point 2.
3.
o f August solemnity.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. im pression b. im press c. impressive d. impressively
4. W hen som eone lists all th e reasons w hy you should do
som ething, this is an exam ple o f . . . ..
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. persuasion b. persuade c. persuasive d. persuasively
5. T he com m ittee expressed g e n e ra l... w ith th e progress.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. satisfaction b. satisfy c. satisfactory d. satisfactorily
6. H e glanced ... at th e design.
1.
2.
3.
4.
a. adm iration b. adm ire c. adm irable d. adm iringly
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
7.
After the to rn ad o , the tow n was in a state o f t o t a l ... .
| 57
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. confusion b. confuse c. confused d. confusedly
1. N o u n
K. If som eone is co n stantly m aking noise and barely ever 2. Verb
laking a break, this is an exam ple o f ... noise.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a.
9.
con tin u atio n b. continue c. co n tinual d. continually
1. N o u n
The idea o f in ternational ... betw een peoples m ust suc­ 2. Verb
ceed.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a.
62.
cooperation b. cooperate c. cooperative d. cooperatively
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
In psychology_______ (1) is the term for subjective ex­
E M O T E (1)
perience th at is characterized by pe rso n a l_________(2),
E X PR E SS (2)
biological
(3) and m ental states. E m otion is
R EA C T (3)
often the driving force b e h in d _________ (4), positive or
M O TIV A TE (4)
negative.
Some people m ake a
(5) betw een em otions and
D IS T IN C T (5)
feelings saying th a t a feeling is th e response p art o f
the em o tio n and th at an em o tio n in c lu d e s
(6)
SITU A TE (6)
o r ex p erien ce, ________ (7), _________ (8). N e g a ­ IN T E R P R E T (7)
tive em o tio n s such as fear, anxiety,
(9) and
P E R C E P T (8)
(10) cause c h e m ic a l____
(11) in your FR U S T R A T E (9)
body that are very different from the chem icals released
D E P R E S S (10)
when you feel positive em otions. E m otions are reliable
R EA C T (11)
(12) o f w hat is really going o n inside o f us.
ID E N T IF Y (12)
I here are m any ways to identify em otions an d you will
have to choose the m anner th at is m ost suitable to your
personality.
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Quality
Suffixes -ance/-ence
| 59
Action
М одель образован ия: M ad m an pondo
V ER B + A N C E /E N C E
— обозначает действие, дви ж ен и е, со сто ян и е, передаваемое соответствую ­
B.
щ им глаголом
A D JE C T IV E + A N C E /E N C E
— передаёт качество или состояни е, вы раж енн ое прилагательны м_________
63.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. appear
2. insure
3. perform
4. guide
5. depend
6. exist
7. insist
8. persist
9. o ccu r
10. en ter
64. A.
a. dependence
b. insistence
c. entrance
d. occurrence
e. existence
f. guidance
g. appearance
h. persistence
i. perform ance
j. insurance
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
co n tin u an ce, elegance, m ain ten an ce, ignorance, im portance,
dom in an ce, ap pearance, disturbance, en d u rance, annoyance,
clearance, atten d an ce, pursuance, discordance
Quality
Action
Find their related words from the table.
co n tin u e, m aintain, ignore, annoy, disturb, endure, clear,
appear, dom inate, elegant, attend, im portant, pursue, discord
65.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suf­
fixes -ance/-ence??
1. a.
2. a.
3. a.
4. a.
5. a.
6. a.
7. a.
m istseverresem blenlargco nsonhostilm agnific-
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
resistrelevsufferextravagdiscordcoincidfellow -
с.
c.
c.
c.
c.
c.
с.
observtolerdistguidintensconferinsist-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
perform loudlikedissoninsurexist depend-
6 6 . Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
С
U
V
Q
0
T
s
E
N
С
E
L
В
F
N
W
О
J
G
I
Y
D
A
u
G
R
D
U
V
A
N
Y
F
W
E
О
R
D
N
С
R
A
S
N
D
G
С
V
С
E
E
S
С
С
R
N
A
E
A
E
N
A
F
A
E
T
I
M
A
I
N
T
E
N
A
N
С
E
F
G
P
0
U
P
A
A
T
N
S
1)
H
E
T
R
A
P
V
N
J
С
G
0
R
R
E
S
P
0
N
D
T
S
A
F
T
E
I
P
В
В
I
F
E
G
A
D
N
N
S
T
R
В
R
1
M
T
N
E
E
0
0
A
0
N
F
u
N
T
R
L
С
T
S
E
|
60
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Related words
Nouns
|
61
Nouns ( -ence)
persist
confident
70. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
refer
correspond
Noun
appear
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
depend
avoid
difference
m aintain
dependently
different
correspond
6 8 . There is no rule that governs whether a word ends with -ance or
-ence. Use a dictionary whenever you are not sure which spell­
ing is correct. Complete the following words with -e - or -a -.
Im p o rt...n ee, entr...nce, d iffe re n c e, in d e p e n d e n c e , insur...nce, c o n ­
fer...nee, am buL .nce, abs...nce, inst...nce, audi...nce, allow...nee, intelligence,
assur...nce, appear...nee, obedi...nce, pres...nee.
correspondingly
confident
confidently
assurance
assuredly
excel
excellent
ignore
insistence
ignorantly
insistent
obey
69. A.
Name the nouns which are explained. Underline related
words in the definitions.
1. th e act o r state o f attending_______________ _____________________
2. th e act o f annoying
_____________________
3. th e act o r an instance o f appearing
__________________ __
4. th e act o f preferring
_________________ ___
5. th e act o r an instance o f obeying
_____________________
6. th e state o r fact o f being present
_____________________
B.
Complete the word formation chains below using the words
from the definitions.
attending
obediently
correspondence, obedience, insist, ignorance, excellently,'assure,
excellence, insistently, ignorant, confidence, dependence, assured,
corresponding, obedient, confide, dep en d en t, differ, differently
B.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
I. But E dith was never m ore charm ing th a n in this new ...,
and all his love and loyalty were evoked in caring for her.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. dependence b. depend c. d ep en d en t d. dep en d en cy
attendance
2. Since the day w hen Louis had tried to change his deci­
sion, life had been a ... thing for him .
a. difference b. differ c. different d. differently
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
62
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
3. T he audience responded ...
Nouns
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb 1
In his epic, Paradise Lost, Jo h n M ilton explores the
concept o f labor and its c o n n ectio n w ith ....
a. correspondence b. correspond c. corresponding d. correspondingly
| 63
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. obedience b. obey c. obedient d. obediently
1. N o u n
4.
D irect com m u n icatio n s betw een the parties could help
to build ....
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. confidence b. confide c. co n fid en t d. confidently
5.
T his ... also seem ed to h er an enigm a.
a.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
assurance b. assure c. assured d. assuredly
6. Between him and his ... principle th ere was war, w ithout
th e slightest division.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
a. excellence b. excel c. excellent d. excellently
7. T hey ... anyone w ho doesn 't w ear th e latest fashion.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
/ 1. Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
Several c o m m o n w ork situ atio n s m ay test your
C O N F ID E N T (1)
(1). T h e ___________ (2) o f how to
IM P O R T A N T (2)
manage it in m eetings an d during p resentations is
evident. You can develop s o m e
(3) as
C O M P E T E N T (3)
11ic y are often called in business. But how can you
Ice I Ih e ir ____________(4)? Y o u r____________(5) is
P R E S E N T (4)
llie key to success. T his will take you forw ard into
IN S IS T (5)
e m w th , ra th e r th a n sh rin k in g b ac k w ard in to
(6). You should accept th a t th e m ore
AVOID (6)
natural you ca n be in th e m eeting situ a tio n the
m o r e ___________ (7) you will achieve. You tra in B A LA N C EA B LE (7)
a lew things an d th e n adapt th em into a situation.
I verything you do in training becom es a m etap h o r
Ini life, w hether it be a tta c k ,____________(8), work
D E F E N D (8)
•a many oth er things. Your personal developm ent is
T O L E R A N T (9)
being stretched as you are le a rn in g ___________ (9),
discipline, etc.
a. ignorance b. ignore c. ignorant d. ignorantly
8. H e now regrets th a t he was not m ore ....
a. insistence b. insist c. insistent d. insistently
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
____________________________________
Модель образования:
V ER B + -M E N T
обозначает д ей стви е, п р о ц есс, их результат, а такж е средство и ли и н стр у ­
мент
Suffix -
64
72.
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
a. m ovem ent
b. en tertain m en t
c. excitem ent
d. governm ent
e. em ploym ent
f. discouragem ent
g. d isappointm ent
h. agreem ent
i. am usem ent
j. achievem ent
1. am use
2. agree
3. discourage
4. disappoint
5. achieve
6. excite
7. entertain
8. em ploy
9. govern
10. move
73. A.
/*>. A.
b. im proveb. agree-
c o n te n tm e n t, disap p o in tm en t, governm ent, m ovem ent, ap p ointm ent,
excitem ent, a m e n d m e n t1, achievem ent, em ploym ent
d. em erged. treat-
Name the nouns which are explained. Underline related
words in the definitions.
I I lie act o f entertaining o r state o f being enterlnined
-------------------------------1 Ihe act o f engaging o r condition o f being
engaged-------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------I l lie act o f refreshing o r th e state o f being
refreshed-------------------------------------------------------— ------------------------- _
Result or product o f an
action
Process or action
' l lie act o f im proving o r the state o f being
improved
•
— -------------------- -------
fi l lie act o f punishing o r state o f being punished
B.
Complete the word formation chains below using the words
from the definitions.
en tertain
B.
c. arrangec.involve-
I Hie act o f agreeing
Divide the following words into three groups according to
their meaning.
State, condition or
quality
4. a. am aze5. a. distribute-
| 65
-*
en tertain m en t
Find their related words from the table.
co n ten t, ap p o in t, govern, move, d isappoint, am end, excite, achieve,
em ploy
74.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ment?
1. a. am use• 2. a. equip3. a. environ-
b. m anageb. achieveb. m ove-
c. p ro d ucec. p u n ishc. ex pectate-
d. payd. falsificated. develop-
/(). Read the words in the table. Find related words in the puzzle and
complete the table.
Related words
state
disappoint
em ploy
1 am endm ent — п оправка (к р езолю ци и, закон опроекту)
Nouns ( -ment)
66
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
I
Nouns
N ouns (-m ent)'
Related words
engage
Noun
Verb
im provem ent
improve
improve
refresh
govern
resen t1
judge
A
s
D
T
Y
U
I
0
P
J
G
E
F
Y
F
A
D
G
T
T
E
F
Y
U
I
N
F
U
T
F
H
U
T
E
M
A
В
S
D
G
U
I
J
F
Y
U
N
A
P
A
D
T
0
A
E
R
U
A
D
F
T
A
L
T
U
A
N
G
G
F
D
I
S
A
P
P
0
I
N
T
M
E
N
T
G
L
К
A
s
F
Y
D
G
E
В
M
В
G
E
P
F
H
и
1
M
F
S
M
T
E
T
F
M
0
A
S
D
F
E
A
D
E
A
N
E
T
E
G
0
V
E
R
N
M
E
N
T
T
A
Y
N
G
A
D
G
U
T
R
T
T
s
D
S
U
T
E
1
M
P
R
0
V
E
M
E
N
T
I
| 67
Adjective
accom plished, refreshm ent, resen tm en t, en te rta in m e n t, developm ent,
refreshing, e n te rta in , im proved, achievem ent, discourage, developed,
accom plishm ent, accom pany, agreeable, agreem ent, resentful
B.
1.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. N oun
Even if you aren't am ong the first 100 people to finish the 2. Verb
m arathon, being able to run 26 miles is still a big ... .
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. accom plishm ent b. accom plish c. accom plished
2.
1. N oun
H er husband w asn't able to ... her to the awards banquet, 2. Verb
so she took h er bro th er instead.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. accom panim ent b. accom pany c. accom panying
77. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Noun
Verb
3.
Adjective
1. N o u n
So th e qu estio n in m y m in d is w h e th e r w ork-life b a l­ 2. Verb
ance is really a m yth o r an ... goal.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
accom plish
a. achievem ent b. achieve c. achievable
accom panying
accom p an im en t
achieve
achievable
agree
discouraged
discouragem ent
4.
1. N o u n
B oth, he says, were co n te n t to reach ... o n the basis o f 2. Verb
w hat they knew.
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a.
develop
entertaining
agreem ent b. agree c. agreeable
q______________
1 resent — негодовать, возм ущ аться
68
I
Nouns
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
5. We should ... this practice am ong o u r youth.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. discouragem ent b. discourage c. discouraged
6. T he new area is still u n d er ....
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a. developm ent b. develop c. developed
1. N o u n
7. He published, som e years ago, a little volume giving an ac­ 2. Verb
count o f a trip through th e G reat West, and it was a very 3. Adjective
...b o o k .
4. Adverb
a. en tertain m en t b. en tertain c. en tertaining
1. N o u n
2.
Verb
8. We value positive attitude an d w elcom e change to ... all
3.
Adjective
th a t we do.
4. Adverb
a. im provem ent b. im prove c. im proved
9.
T he website did n o t ... im m ediately.
a.
1.
2.
3.
4.
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
refreshm ent b. refresh c. refreshing
1. N o u n
2.
10. ... can w aste tim e an d energy; ju st forgive th e m and Verb
3. Adjective
move on.
4. Adverb
a. resen tm en t b. resent c. resentful
| 69
/ 8 . Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
If lim e (hat paren ts jo in e d th e ir ch ild ren in goliif, buck to school. It sh o u ld be a tim e o f year
when parents stren g th en t h e i r ____________ (1) to
ilu n children's education. Statistics show th at paii M i n i __________(2) lessens as th e ir c h ild re n
i" i older. T eachers regularly spend hours prepar11if lor (he classroom o p en house. Im agine th e ir
(3) w hen paren ts fail to a tte n d . How
i ап schoolchildren strive1 for s e lf ____________ (4)
"i I lie classroom if they do not see adults striving
I'M th e ir ____________(5) at hom e? As a result, the
(6) o f academ ic standards is declining.
I' .ichors have to give less hom ew ork because fewer
uid lower students com plete th e s e ___________ (7).
C O M M IT (1)
INVOLVE (2)
D IS A P P O IN T (3)
IM PR O V E (4)
A C H IE V E (5)
D E V E L O P (6)
A S S IG N (7)
Suffix -ity
M "Поль образования:
A D JE C T IV E + ITY
in пользуется дл я о бр азован ия сущ ествительны х, обозначает состоян и е или
о нише, описы ваем ое исходны м п рилагательны м
/<). Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. equal
2. form al
3. generous
4. tim id
5. curious
6. noble
7. sensitive
8. intensive
si rive — стрем иться, п рилагать усилия
a. nobility
b. fragility
c. sensitivity
d. reliability
e. intensity
f. equality
g. generosity
h. curiosity
70
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Nouns
9. fragile
10. reliable
80. A.
82.
i. form ality
j. tim idity
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
density, flexibility, hospitality, curiosity, intensity, hostility, fragility,
obesity, sincerity, necessity, generosity, diversity, divisibility, musicality,
legality, visibility, tim idity, nobility, m entality, severity
Personal qualities
Abstract meaning
•
|
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
A
D
G
J
L
R
T
F
N
S
P
P
S
Z
С
F
G
О
0
К
G
D
В
R
0
U
D
В
N
I
0
D
N
P
D
в
0
I
0
M
О
С
Z
H
F
S
О
A
D
S
T
0
u
1
N
M
J
A
S
S
F
I
P
0
К
G
G
H
В
N
J
I
s
0
К
E
M
s
С
О
M
p
L
E
X
1
T
Y
R
T
Y
В
J
D
и
S
T
A
в
I
L
1
T
Y
1
G
Y
N
0
D
F
I
1
A
T
G
N
V
H
A
С
R
E
A
L
I
T
Y
G
I
D
F
G
z
X
С
0
I
D
G
J
N
E
S
T
U
p
I
D
1
T
Y
G
I
N
0
A
D
G
z
D
N
0
Y
P
E
L
A
N
Related words
Nouns ( -ity)
possible
prosperous
real
B . Find their related words from the table.
stable
dense, curious, visible, tim id, intensive, generous, diverse, hostile,
flexible, hospitable, divisible, m usical, legal, noble, fragile, obese,
m ental, sincere, necessary, severe
81.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix -ity?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
obscuregeneroshostilreliabilobserv-
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
secursolem ndisturbillfragil-
c.
с.
с.
c.
c.
refreshplasticpassivliabilo dd-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
h u m an m o n o to n sensibilproductivindividual-
71
stupid
com plex
83.
Examine the following models. Complete word chains below.
Model: prosperous —>prosperity
prosperous
—>
generous
—»
72
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
audacious
Nouns
-»
Noun
-»
reliability
curious
Adjective
| 73
Adverb
reliably
sensible
—>
com m odious
generally
Model: accessible -» accessibility
accessible
particular
-»
confidentiality
possibility, particularity, originality, possibly, generous, reliable, dense,
individuality, general, sensibility, individually, originally, sensibly,
generality, particularly, confidential
capable
possible
->
stable
-»
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
sensible
Model: sensitive -» sensitivity
intensive
1. T here is only a s lig h t... th at I will provide an acceptable
answer to this question.
-»
sensitive
84. A.
1. N o u n
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
a. possibility b. possible c. possibly
creative
-»
negative
—>
radioactive
—>
1. N oun
2. Few people are as kind and helpful and ..., and he was a
2. Adjective
m ajor inspiration in my life and career.
3. Adverb
a. generosity b. generous c. generously
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
Noun
confidentially
Adjective
3. T here is no one co rrec t answ er h ere, as ... we are all
unique w ith differences in personal taste.
a. individuality b. individual c. individually
Adverb
possible
4. The m eat m ust be cut with filler or the lo af will be ... .
generously
generosity
a.
individual
densely
density
original
1. N o u n
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
3.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
density b. dense c. densely
1. N oun
He showed incredible ... by w earing those kind o f shoes. 2. Adjective
3. Adverb
74
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
a. originality b. original c. originally
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
6. T h eir ... is in doubt.
a. reliability b. reliable c. reliably
7. T h ey did th e ir best to be ... w hen it cam e to spending
money.
knowledge so t h e i r ____________ (5) will provide
efficient organization o f the m aterial, econom ic,
social and political life. T he m ain motives will not
be power and w ealth; it will be the higher values
and aim s o f life like tru th , h arm o n y ,_________ (6),
freed o m ,___________(7), etc.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
| 75
CA PA BLE (5)
G E N E R O U S (6)
EQUAL (7)
ADJECTIVES
a. sensibility b. sensible c. sensibly
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
8. ... speaking, m ost kids like spaghetti and cheese.
a. generality b. general c. generally
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
9. In ..., I like to do this.
a. particularity b. particu lar c. particularly
1. N o u n
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
10. T hey are required by law to keep all case details ... .
a. confidentiality b. confidential c. confidentially
85.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
People are focused m ore o n ___________ (1) th an
quality o f life, so speed is very allu rin g 1 to them .
T hey forget th e ir goals w hich help the individual
and t h e ___________ (2) to find the dynam ism in
th e life. T h ese are th e m otiv es w h ich b rin g
___________ (3) a n d _____________ (4) to th e in ­
dividual an d th e society. People need p ragm atic
1 alluring — п ри влекательн ы й , притягательны й
Q U A N TITA TIV E (1)
C O M M O N (2)
VITA L (3)
P R O SPE R O U S (4)
Suffix - y
М одель образован ия:
N O U N /V E R B + -Y
- образует п рилагател ьн ы е от сущ ествительн ы х и глаголов со зн ач ен и ем
обладания чем -то, сходства с чем -л.; ск л он н ости к чем у-л.
healthy — здоровый, ж изнеспособный, процветающий
dirty — грязный, нечистый; испачканный
witty — остроумный
образует прилагательны е от п рилагательны х со зн ачен и ем осл аблен ной
и нтен сивн ости качества
yellowy — ж елтоватый
8 6 . Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
art
brain
fun
ice
qu irk 1
chill
toast
luck
nut
m ist
1 quirk — капри з, причуда
a. brainy
b. arty
c. chilly
d. funny
e. quirky
f. toasty
g. icy
h. m isty
i. lucky
j. nutty
76
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
B.
87. A.
Divide the following words into two groups according to the
word formation models below. Pay attention to their meaning.
misty, runny, shiny, jum py, sunny, quirky, sleepy, funny, icy, chatty____
- e —» -y
double consonant + -y
word + -y
VERB + Y
NOUN + Y
90.
Read the words in the table. Find related words in the puzzle and
complete the table.
\
Find their related words from the table.
m ist, run, shine, ju m p , sun, quirk, sleep, fun, ice, chat
8 8 . Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix -y?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Divide the following words into three groups.
edge, sand, chew, fun, silk, ice, n ut, chill, shine, air, run, laze, sun,
sm oke, fog
N O U N + Y -> characterized by; consisting o f;fd led with; relating to;
VERB +
tending to; acting or existing as specified
B.
| 77
a. w inda. ch atta. thirst a. dusta. insist-
89. A.
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
dirttrickm istbeadsnow -
с.
с.
с.
с.
c.
o rd e rwaxh elpcheesrain-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
messofficbushm otivatw ind-
Read the following spelling rules.
M ost words add —y:
snow — snowy
Words that en d w ith - e , take off th e - e before adding - y :
bone — bony
Words th a t end w ith a short vowel an d a co n so n an t, double th e final
co n so n an t before adding - y (except w ords w hich end with -x):
f a t — fa tty
A
D
F
T
Y
u
V
F
L
D
Y
U
I
0
N
P
1
N
A
D
G
J
L
0
M
L
О
D
G
Y
R
W
I
T
T
Y
W
F
U
0
G
s
N
H
N
S
T
I
С
К
Y
0
Y
U
С
V
J
U
I
С
Y
N
H
A
S
Y
R
E
P
H
1
G
R
S
I
L
D
- s
F
D
D
Y
R
T
Y
U
Y
A
A
S
Related words
stick
curie
scare
noise
Adjectives (-y)
78
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
Adjectives (-y)
Related words
wit
3. O ne ... m orning early in D ecem ber Stephen arrived late
at the office to find Richter.
juice
| 79
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. sm oker b. sm oke c. smoky
filth
91. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
4. At night, trying to ..., she had heard the ghostly fo o t­
steps in the hall.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. sleeper b. sleep c. sleepy
Noun
Adjective
Verb
sticky
sticker
5. It was a small room , c a rp e tle ss,..., with a round table and
two cheap w ooden chairs for furniture.
ju m p
a. duster b. dust c. dusty
smoky
sm oke
sleepy
sleeper
dust
6. In the U nited K ingdom , a ... is often used by children at
bonfire and fireworks displayed on G uy Fawkes N ight.
sparkly
sparkler
7. Spring is in the air, but for millions o f people, th at m eans
a ... nose and cough brought on by allergies.
1. If th e dough becom es ..., add m ore flour.
\
a. sticker b. stick c. sticky
2. M ichael N eum ayer is a G erm an s k i... w ho has com peted
since 2001.
a. ju m p e r b. ju m p c. ju m p y
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. ru nner b. run c. runny
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. sparkler b. sparkle c. sparkly
run
runny, sleep, dusty, jum per, sm oker, duster, stick, runner, jum py, sparkle
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
92.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
W elcome to the daily w eather forecast! San Francisco
will b e ___________ (1) and hot. T hough the day should
s ta r t
(2), according to the N ational W eather Service. C hicago will b e ____________ (3). T he area
can e x p e c t____________ (4) skies and p eriods o f rain.
You’ll n o tic e ___________ (5) conditions start to pick up
throughout the day. Tom orrow will b e
(6)
but the rest o f the weekend has m ore prom ise o f sun and
cooler tem peratures.
SUN
FOG
W IN D
CLOUD
BREEZE
RA IN
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
80
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
95.
Suffix -fu l
М одель образован ия:
93.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
a. careful
b. cheerful
c. beautiful
d. peaceful
e. harm ful
f. colorful
g. thankful
h. useful
i. joyful
j. truthful
1. cheer
2. use
3. harm
4. peace
5. color
6. joy
7. care
8. beauty
9 . truth
1 0 .th an k
94. A.
96.
Divide the following words into two groups according to the
word formation models below. Pay attention to their meaning.
painful, helpful, restful, useful, boastful, spiteful1
fu ll o f or characterized by
able or tending to
|
delightm eaningw atchsuccesscreate-
b.useb. colorb. dream b. pow erb . tru th -
с.
с.
с.
с.
с.
fashionstressd ep en d c aredoubt-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
sham eexhaustgracedangergrate-
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
s
P
U
R
P
0
S
E
F
и
L
1
P
S
R
T
U
N
С
D
А
Р
1
С
H
E
E
R
F
U
L
Н
I
Г
L
A
V
О
U
R
F
U
L
Р
0
G
M
D
P
L
G
A
V
М
J
К
J
E
P
0
U
T
A
С
G
N
(i
M
F
F
I
В
A
Y
с
О
Р
1
V
U
S
E
F
U
L
н
Р
Р
1
Y
L
A
D
G
J
L
в
N
М
1
E
A
R
F
U
L
F
т
и
О
II
A
D
G
J
L
P
1
Y
R
Е
L
L
J
G
В
U
О
A
D
и
1
Related words
Adjective ( -ful)
flavour
purpose
B.
Find their related words from the table.
pain, rest, help, use, boast, spite
cheer
forget
sham e
fear
1 spiteful — злобн ы й, злой , злорадны й
81
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix
-ful?
a.
п.
a.
п.
п.
N O U N + -ful
— образует прилагательны е со значением «обладаю щ ий дан н ы м качеством»
blushful — застенчивый, стыдливый
_________
beautiful — ж ивописный, красивый, прекрасный
|
use
•
82
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
97. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from the
table below.
a. doubt b. doubtful
5.
Verb
Noun
Adjective
beauty
1. N oun
Nevertheless we will continue to express our burning ... o f
2. Verb
unlawful im prisonm ent.
3. Adjective
a. resentm ent b. resent c. resentful
hate
helpful
help
doubt
1. N o u n
(). This needs som e c a re fu l... about the gaps, o r you will not
2. Verb
be able to tu rn the strands smoothly.
3. Adjective
resentful
resentm ent
a.
thoughts b. th ink c. thoughtful
thin k
thought
. ----------------
thoughtful, d oubt, hatred, help, hateful, resent, beautify, beautiful,
doubtful
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. Let him m ed itate w hat this vision o f ... will be like in
tw enty years.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. beauty b. beautify c. beautiful
2. T h e sta te m e n ts here o n th is site so u n d v itrio lic 1 and
seem ingly ... so be it.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
98.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
Since the publication o f Scouting for Boys in 1908, all
Scouts and G uides around the world have taken a Scout
I’romise. A sc o u t’s h o n o u r is to be tru ste d . A sc o u t’s
duty is to b e ___________(1) and help others. A Scout is
_________(2) and friendly. A Scout i s ____________ (3)
and considerate. A Scout is _________ (4). Besides, he
should b e ___________(5) and optim istic. A Scout makes
good use o f tim e and is
(6) o f possessions
and property. He is _____
. (7) a n d ___________ (8).
I Ic rejoices in all th at is
(9) and gives jo y to
others.
USE
HELP
CHEER
RESPECT
THOUGHT
CARE
FAITH
THANK
BEAUTY
a. h atred b. hate c. hateful
3. T he ... little girl carried som e groceries for h er dad, so he
w ouldn't have to carry all o f them .
We w ent slow ly,... o f all th a t was in front.
1 vitriolic — едки й , резкий
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Suffix -less
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. help b. helpful
4.
| 83
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
М одель образования:
N O U N + -less
образует от сущ ествительны х прилагательны е со зн ачен и ем «лиш ённ ы й
чего-л.», «не им ею щ ий чего-л.»
healthless — нездоровый, болезненный
successless — безуспешный, неудачный
образует от глагольных осн ов п рилагательны е со значением «н епри м ен и ­
мость, бесп олезн ость соответствую щ его действия»
changeless — неизменный, постоянный, уст ойчивый
countless — бессчетный, неисчислимый, несчетный
84
99.
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. age
2. breath
3. fault
4. harm
5. pow er
6. sleep
7. taste
8. pain
9. spot
10. hom e
100. A.
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
tireheartpow erth o u g h tevident-
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
m atchless, jobless, tireless, speechless, childless, sleepless, dauntless,
resistless, countless, peerless
---------------- —
--- ------------------T h e suffix -less m eans "not able to
do som ething" o r "not able to be
d o n e, perform ed, etc."
■
d a u n t1, speech, resist, m atch , tire, sleep, co u n t, peer2, child, job
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
w ordfoggieffortfatm otion-
D
E
E
К
L
0
A
M
N
G
E
К
p
О
S
N
A
M
E
L
E
S
S
T
S
0
U
N
D
L
E
S
S
I
В
V
S
T
1
В
1
L
U
H
J
К
L
A
s
D
A
N
T
W
E
1
G
H
T
L
E
s
S
I
T
L
M
S
N
В
V
F
T
U
I
A
N
L
E
N
s
Z
С
в
M
L
G
Y
U
L
E
S
С
Y
u
О
к
G
F
A
Y
N
E
S
s
С
V
в
A
D
G
J
К
E
U
S
s
F
н
К
0
A
P
D
G
J
N
u
S
A
X
F
Y
N
1
M
0
P
H
E
A
nam e
doubt
stain
weight
end
1 d aunt — обузды вать, укрощ ать; п одчин ять
2 peer — р ов н я, равны й
fam eh a rm easiso u n d bottom -
H
sound
Find their related words from the table.
с.
с.
с.
с.
с.
F
Related words
B.
shapefaithpainth an k guilt-
1 0 2 . Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
T he suffix -less m eans "without"
101. Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suf­
fix -less?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a. powerless
b. harm less
c. tasteless
d. breathless
e. ageless
f. spotless
g. faultless
h. hom eless
i. sleepless
j. painless
| 85
point
Adjectives (-less)
86
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
103. A.
Adjectives
Analyze the table. Pay attention to the adjectives which can’t
be formed with the suffixes -ful and -less.
(-ful) positive meaning
(-less) negative meaning
help
helpful
helpless
hope
hopeful
hopeless
beauty
beautiful
—
care
careful
careless
end
—
endless
faithful
faithless
peace
peaceful
—
power
powerful
powerless
taste
tasteful
tasteless
useful
useless
fa ith
use
B . Determine which adjective it is necessary to use in the following
sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
4. The sea, he thought, had treasured its m em ories deeper
than the ... (A) land.
He was obedient, loyal, a ... (B) officer o f a great state.
5. Laptop com puters get smaller, lighter and m ore ... (A)
each year.
W ithout oxygen, th eir energy is d e p le te d 1 and they are
... (B) to remove it.
6. G o three days w ithout reading and your speech will b e­
com e ... (A).
The houses would be built on a m odest and ... (B) scale,
with an eye to com m unity as m uch as com fort.
7. Each o f these resources is ... (A) o r fun, and som e are
both.
The chair was now ... (B) because it was unstable to sit
on.
1. helpless
2. helpful
1. useful
2. useless
PART O F S P E E C H + -ic
atom — atomic атомный
1. hopeful
2. hopeless
pation.
practice.
T h e new spaper exam ined his application m aterials and
found n um erous inconsistencies an d ...(B ) errors.
1. tasteless
2. tasteful
М одель образования:
им ею щ ий характеристи ки чего-ли бо
3. Som e p h o to g ra p h s are h a p p y a c c id e n ts, o th e rs th e
painstaking result o f ... (A) p lanning an d even years o f
1. powerless
2. powerful
образует прилагательны е от разны х частей речи со следую щ ими значениям и:
the definition.
2. I'm so ... (A) w hen it com es to logic b u t n o t w hen it
com es to intuition.
I sat dow n an d w rote a letter, in a fever o f ... (B) a n tici­
1. faithless
2. faithful
Suffix - ic
1. Billson was not used to em ergencies; he sat in a ... (A)
collapse.
T he ...(B ) sentence aided th e student in understanding
| 87
1. careful
2. careless
о тн о сящ и й ся к определен ном у стилю , в стиле чего-ли бо
Homeric — гомеровский, гомерический;
Byronic — байронический
используется для о бр азован ия н ац и он альн остей и язы к ов
Finnic — финский
Turkic — т ю ркский
1 deplete — истощ ать, исчерпы вать
88
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
1.
W hich o f these adjectives can you use to describe th e stru ctu re o f
substance?
2.
W hich o f th em do you use to characterize the structure o f society?
3.
W hich o f th em can you use to describe personality?
4.
W hich o f th em do you use to speak about linguistics and literature?
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes
a. historic
b. scientific
c. optim istic
d. sym bolic
e. sym pathetic
f. heroic
g. clim atic
h. analytic
i. dem ocratic
j. energetic
1. history
2. energy
3. science
4. dem ocracy
5. optim ism
6. analysis
7. symbol
8. clim ate
9. sym pathy
10. hero
105. A.
5. W hich o f th em do you use to speak about science?
107. Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix -ic?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Divide the following words into five groups according to their
pan o ram ic, sceptical, arom atic, N ap o leo n ic, sym bolic, alcoholic,
analgesic, enthusiastic, Byronic, econom ic
------------- -------------------------------------------having the
character or
form o f
related to
in the
m anner o f
tending
to produce
108.
containing
B . Find their related words from the table.
p an o ram a, alcohol, analgesia, N ap o leo n , sym bol, arom a, Byron,
enthusiast, skeptic, econom y
_
106.
| 89
Read and translate the following adjectives. Answer the ques­
tions below.
____
a to m ic , m a g n e tic , m ajestic, e le c tro n ic , o rg a n ic , sc ie n tific, h e ro ic ,
dem ocratic, linguistic, apologetic, analytic, optim istic, politic, historic,
classic, iro n ic , jo u rn a listic , p e rio d ic , p u b lic , realistic, sy m p a th etic,
th em atic, tragic, artistic, academ ic, characteristic, clim atic, sym bolic
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
d ram ateconom ro m antartisttru th -
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
electroptim iststrategscientifm ajest-
c.
с.
с.
с.
с.
legendd em o cratelem en ta u to m atm agnet-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
nostalglocalhistorsaltfantast-
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
H
D
S
Е
и
О
О
А
G
Z
С
в
G
F
J
О
В
с
N
Т
S
О
G
В
Н
I
Е
D
Н
Y
т
в
N
D
р
м
К
S
А
В
и
О
G
G
А
N
L
О
L
N
Y
.N
С
В
О
L
Y
N
N
Е
А
X
С
М
О
О
Р
Т
I
М
I
S
Т
I
С
м
В
м
T
I
О
S
N
С
Р
I
В
F
О
О
N
В
V
р
W
А
N
н
С
О
Т
I
L
F
I
О
Y
А
S
Т
R
А
т
Е
G
I
С
N
Р
А
L
R
и
I
S
Т
В
С
R
Z
и
F
D
р
R
G
Е
А
Y
А
X
Т
Т
О
G
Е
I
н
т
С
М
т
I
с
G
Т
90
1
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
Adjectives (-ic)
Related words
a.
au tom ation b. autom ate c. autom atic
optim ist
3.
athlete
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
You are at liberty to ... both, if you choose.
gym nast
a. puDiicity о. puDlish c. public
strategy
altruist
4. Do you see a phonetic ... betw een the square brackets?
ocean
symbol
109. A.
a. sym bol b. sym bolize c. symbolic
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
Noun
Verb
apology
apologize
Adjective
autom atic
autom ation
5. Science is the ... study o f things using theories and th en
tests.
a. system b. system atize c. system atic
6. A ... look always m akes m e feel sorry for myself.
publish
symbol
a. sym pathy b. sym pathize c. sym pathetic
sym bolize
system atic
sym pathize
sy ste m , p u b lic ity , sy m p ath y , sy s te m a tiz e , a u to m a te , sy m b o lic ,
apologetic, sym pathetic, public
B . Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. His new tone was ... but firm.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. apology b. apologize c. apologetic
2. All the em ployees expect an ... increase in pay every year.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
110.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals form a word that
fits in the space in the text.
H ealth is a co m b in a tio n o f physical, m ental and
social w ell-being. A person w ith healthy p ersonal­
ity will always k e e p _________ (1) a n d _________ (2)
goals, know ing w hat he can o r ca n n o t achieve. O f
course, it is necessary to b e ___________ (3) and
___________ (4). I f you w ant to develop a healthy
lifestyle you should keep a ___________ (5) exercise
program . M ake a
_______ (6) plan w hich in ­
eludes good eating and exercise habits. Besides, you
should rem em ber th at keeping the heart healthy is
_________ (7) to life.
R EA LISM
PR A G M A T ISM
E N T H U S IA S M
O P T IM IS M
SYSTEM
S P E C IF Y
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
BASE (7)
92
|
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
Suffixes -ia n /-a n
М одель образован ия:
N O U N + -IA N /A N
— используется для образования прилагательны х со зн ачен и ем прин адлеж ­
ности к н ародности; идеологическом у течен и ю , научной ш коле
Arabian — аравиец; аравийка; арабский
Georgian — грузин; грузинка; грузинский
— и спользуется для о бр азо ван и я сущ ествительн ы х, обо знач аю щ и х л и ц о ,
н азы ваем ое по роду зан яти й , проф есси и
musician — музыкант
111.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
a. Bulgarian
b. Russian
c. librarian
d. A m erican
e. m usician
f. G erm an
g. academ ician
h. A rabian
i. Italian
j. vegetarian
h. A frican
i. b eautician
j. Brazilian
k. A ustralian
1. E uropean
1. m usic
2. Bulgary
3. A rabia
4. Africa
5. Brazilia
6. beauty
7. G erm an y
8. Russia
9. Italy
10. library
11. Europe
12. A ustralia
13. vegetal
14. academ y
15. A m erica
112.
Examine the following models. Complete word chains below.
Model: Albania -> Albanian
A lbania
-»
A rm enia
—»
A ustralia
->
A ustria
Belgium
->
Brazil
—>
C anada
H ungary
-»
India
—>
Italy
M ongolia
Russia
-»
U kraine
->
Model: Germany —> German
G erm any
Jam aica
->
M exico
->
M orocco
-»
N icaragua
->
Africa
—>
Venezuela
-»
| 93
94
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
113. A.
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
historian, M exican, te c h n ic ia n , G e rm a n , A frican, electrician, In d ian ,
librarian, Jam aican , C an ad ian , com edian, H ungarian, A ustrian, politi­
cian, A ustralian, veterinarian, guardian, m athem atician
The adjectives mean «pertaining to»
The adjectives mean «native of»
■
115.
| 95
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
D
H
0
P
В
H
E
A
В
E
G
U
P
0
P
F
N
В
A
S
J
F
U
F
D
H
G
u
A
R
A
В
I
A
N
R
U
F
F
I
R
P
H
N
M
A
L
0
О
N
0
A
В
U
L
G
A
R
I
A
N
P
A
P
С
U
I
О
J
V
D
G
P
E
D
В
U
M
s
s
N
E
G
Y
P
T
I
A
N
A
M
F
I
T
Y
N
К
S
T
A
N
Y
S
N
N
A
M
E
R
I
С
A
N
F
A
u
D
M
N
A
A
U
S
T
R
A
L
I
A
N
Related words
Adjectives ( -an, -ian)
Bulgaria
Russia
B.
A m erica
Find their related words from the table.
Arabia
history, H ungary, In d ia, tech n iq u es, M exico, electricity, library, c o m ­
edy, politics, veterinary, A ustralia, C a n a d a , G erm any, A ustria, guard,
m athem atics, Jam aica, Africa
114.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Egypt
Europe
A ustralia
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suf­
fixes -an, -ian?
a. Jam aica. N icaragua. Itala. In d a. Fren -
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
M exicM ongolA ustralEgypt C anad-
c.
с.
c.
с.
c.
Ja p a n H ungarC h in BulgarBrazil-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
A lbanSpanA rm enTurkBelg-
116.
Read the text below. Use the words given in capitals below the
text to form a word that fits in the space in the text.
M ost E u ro p ean languages b elong to th re e b road
groups: G erm anic, R om ance and Slavic.
T he G erm anic fam ily o f languages includes D anish,
Norwegian, Swedish, Ice la n d ic ,
(1), D u tch , English and Y iddish, am ong others.
GERM ANY
ITALY
R O M A N IA
R U SSIA
U KRAINLA
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
96
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
T he R om an ce languages in c lu d e
(2), F re n c h ,
Spanish, Portuguese a n d '(3 ), am ong others. T he
Slavic languages in c lu d e
(4 ),
(5 ),
(6), Po­
lish, C zech, S lo v a k ,
( 7 ) , __ ( 8 ) , ___( 9 ) ,___ (10),
(11) and others.
M ost E u ro p ean languages use th e Latin alphabet.
Som e Slavic languages use th e C yrillic alp h ab et.
G re e k ,
( 1 2 ) ,___(13) and Yiddish have th e ir own
alphabet.
BELA R U SIA (6)
SLO V EN IA (7)
SER B IA (8)
CROATIA (9)
M A C E D O N IA (10)
B U L G A R IA (11)
A R M E N IA (12)
G E O R G IA (13)
| 97
118. А.
Divide the following words into two groups according to their
meaning.
am azing, upsetting, am using, threatening, entertaining, tiring,
challenging, puzzling, irritating, exciting, charm ing, shocking,
convincing, disturbing, encouraging, confusing, fascinating, annoying
Positive meaning
Negative meaning
Suffix -in g
М одель образован ия:
N O U N + -IN G
образует отглагольны е прилагательны е
caring — внимательный, заботливый
interesting — интересный
young-looking — молож авый
117.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes. Define the
part of speech of the words in the second column.
1. am aze
2. interest
3. relax
4. excite
5. fascinate
6. disappoint
7. disgust1
8. frustrate2
9. am use
1 0 .charm
a. am azing
b. interesting
c. fascinating
d. relaxing
e. charm ing
f. am using
g. exciting
h. disappointing
i. disgusting
j. frustrating
B.
Find the related words from the table.
119.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suf­
fix -ing?
1.a.
2. a.
3. a.
4. a.
5. a.
alarm frightenam b itio n em barrassannoy-
120. A.
1 disgust — отвращ ени е, ом ерзение
2 frustrate — разочаровы вать, обм аны вать (надеж ды , о ж ид ани я)
*---------------------------
am aze, disturb, confuse, fascinate, th reate n , charm , shock, challenge,
irritate, upset, am use, excite, en tertain , encourage, puzzle, tire,
convince, annoy
b. disgustb. shockb. e n tertain b. leadb. disturb-
c. distancec. terrifyc. depressc. developc. deafen-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
thrilldangerth reaten absencethirst-
Analyze the following models. Find the differences.
Model 1: You surprise me! —> How surprising it is!—> W hat a surprise!
I
98
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
M odel 2: You depress m e! - * How depressing it is!-* W hat a depression!
M odel 3: You entertain m e! ^ How entertaining it is! - » W hat an enter­
tainm ent!
B.
Complete the word chains below.
to satisfy
-»
->
to frustrate
->
->
M odel 3: to entertain —» entertaining —> entertainment
->
to encourage
M odel 1: to surprise -» surprising -> surprise
->
to charm
->
->
to disappoint
to interest
->
-»
to discourage
—>
->
to relieve
-»
—>
to em barrass1
—>
->
to thrill
->
->
to excite
-»
->
to alarm
—>
to disgust
->
-y
to frighten
->
->
—>
to shock
G
О
p
A
N
A
X
->
D
С
G
и
D
В
N
E
G
A
S
—>
to horrify
—>
->
M odel 2: to depress —» depressing -» depression
to convince2
-»
D
H
0
I
p
I
0
p
A
X
V
N
I
С
0
R
R
E
Z
X
N
M
D
с
с
В
E
R
F
G
P
D
A
a'
E
D
С
V
P
F
S
T
В
U
0
A
0
E
R
T
A
P
В
D
A
X
Y
U
N
D
В
I
X
A
T
s
A
D
Z
s
с
G
J
О
p
A
V
N
1
0
1
С
S
P
0
N
D
I
N
G
A
u
и
1
О
P
T
F
T
R
T
G
U
E
G
V
A
В
Y.
J
R
N
Y
G
G
U
M
E
J
I
N
I
N
G
I
S
I
R
I
К
T
0
->
E
N
T
->
С
0
N
F
U
s
I
N
G
N
T
G
N
I
0
T
U
G
r
to exhaust
121. Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the puz­
zle and complete the table below.
В
-»
-»
—>
V
to terrify
to cap tiv ate1
| 99
->
Q
E
D
К
L
I
Y
to fascinate
T>
->
A
F
A
E
E
X
С
I
T
I
N
G
О
N
U
to relax
-»
—>
Z
V
Z
D
Y
1
P
N
I
P
V
E
P
G
0
С
В
В
U
0
X
V
G
0
N
U
D
I
N
P
1 captivate — очаровы вать, п лен ять, п око р ять, увлекать
2 convince — убеждать
1 em barrass — сбивать с толку, приводи ть в зам еш ательство
100
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
B.
Adjectives ( -ing)
Related words
correspond
1.
en tertain
discourage
disappoint
| 101
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
E -m ail is a quick and easy way to ... w ith friends across 1. N o u n
the country.
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. correspondence b. correspond c. corresponding
interest
excite
2 .... argum ent in favor o f any opinion is a personal example.
confuse
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. conviction b. convince c. convincing
122. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
Verb
Noun
3 .... circum stances have caused m any w riters to em igrate
to o th er countries.
Adjective
a. discouragem ent b. discourage c. discouraging
correspond
conviction
convince
discouraging
discouragem ent
1. N oun
4 .... applause greeted the band back on stage for the en c o re 1. 2. Verb
3. Adjective
deafen
a.
depressing
depression
develop
5.
disappointing
d isappointm ent
entertain
hum iliating
th reat
deafness b. deafen c. deafening
1. N o u n
A fter his wife died, he went through a long period o f... . 2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. depression b. depress c. depressing
em barrass
leadership
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
lead
6. T he novel starts off a little slow, but as the plot continues
to ... it becom es exciting.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. developm ent b. develop c. developing
threatening
corresponding, hum iliation, deafness, e n tertain m en t, disappoint, devel­
o p m e n t, en tertain in g , depress, co rresp o n d en ce, th re a te n , discourage,
em barrassm ent, convincing, leading, hum iliate, em barrassing, develop­
ing,1deafening
7. H e knew a n o th e r ... m ight kill him .
a. disappointm ent b. disappoint c. disappointing
1 encore — вызов на бис, крики «бис»
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
102
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
8. O ne o f my m o s t... m om ents was the tim e w hen I spilled
coffee on o u r school head.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
T he question o f w h eth er a co m p u ter can th in k is
no m ore
(5) th an the question o f w hether
a subm arine can swim. (Edsger Dijkstra)
| 103
IN T E R E S T (5)
a. em barrassm ent b. em barrass c. em barrassing
9. He guessed well; th e book has been a great source o f in­
struction a n d ... for me.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. en tertain m en t b. en tertain c. entertaining
10. T hey said nobody would com e to h ear m e, an d I woul
m ake a ... failure o f it.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. hum iliation b. hum iliate c. hum iliating
11.
Strategic ... sets th e vision an d goals for th e company.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. lead b. leadership c. leading
12. It had a dark, angry and ... aspect.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. th reat b. th reaten c. threatening
123.
Read the following quotes. Use the words given in capitals
to form a word that fits in the space in the sentences.
C O N V IN C E
Several excuses are always less _________ (1) th a n
one. (Aldous Huxley)
W ith every civil right there has to be a _________ (2) C O R R E S P O N D
civil obligation. (Edison Haines)
W hen 1 work I relax; doing nothing o r _________ (3)
E N T E R T A IN
visitors m akes me tired. (Pablo Picasso)
Let us be grateful to people who m ake us happy, they
are t h e ________ (4) gardeners w ho m ake o u r souls
CHARM
blossom . (M arcel Proust)
Suffix -ous
М одель образован ия:
N O U N + -O U S
образует п рилагател ьн ы е со зн ачен и ем «обладаю щ ий д ан н ы м свой ством ,
п р и зн ак о м , характеристи кой в зн ачи тельной степени»
dangerous — опасный
spacious — просторный
124.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. poison
2. grace
3. glam our
4. m urder
5. suspicion
6. fame
7. nerve
8. th u n d er
9. caprice
10. anxiety
125. A.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
a. gracious
b .th u n d e ro u s
c. poisonous
d. capricious
e. glam orous
f. fam ous
g. m urderous
h. anxious
i. suspicious
j. nervous
Read the following adjectives. Answer the questions below
using adjectives from the table.
curious, courageous, virtuous, prosperous, generous, nervous,
prestigious, m iraculous, conscious, scandalous, sim ultaneous, religious,
envious, industrious, various, harm onious, conscious, advantageous,
furious, courteous, erroneous, superstitious, jealous, m urderous,
m ysterious, spacious, dangerous
104
[
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
1.
W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe positive traits o f
character?
2.
W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe negative traits o f
character?
3.
W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe a situation?
4.
W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe people’s life?
5. W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe peo p le’s actions?
127.
| 105
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
Z
С
и
О
R
D
Р
А
S
D
V
В
N
1
т
Е
D
А
N
G
Е
R
О
и
S
С
В
и
I
р
А
S
С
F
А
М
В
1
Т
1
О
и
S
J
О
F
Н
S
S
F
Н
Р
Е
Н
О
Р
с
А
X
В
1
М
и
S
Z
С
V
Н
L
и
X
и
R
I
О
и
S
V
М
в
Z
D
А
Е
L
F
Y
и
О
Р
S
А
т
Y
О
G
D
Y
и
Н
I
L
А
R
I
О
и
S
G
Н
R
F
С
и
Р
О
О
Z
С
В
М
L
J
F
В
N
О
D
X
F
и
S
и
Р
Е
R
S
Т
1
Т
1
О
и
S
F
и
Р
о
S
D
G
Н
О
Р
А
X
S
В
S
А
6. W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe scenery?
Adjectives (-ous)
Related words
B.
danger
Find the related words from the table.
reb el1
curiosity, scandal, sim ultaneity, courage, generosity, conscience, variety,
error, prestige, m iracle, superstition, jealousy, m urder, religion, envy,
industry, virtuosity, prosperity, mystery, harm ony, advantage, space,
nerve, danger
superstition
hilarity2
luxury
h um or
126.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suf­
fix -ous?
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
scandalfuriprospercapricipersist -
b. jealb .sp a c e b. generb. poisonb. glam o r-
c.
с.
c.
с.
с.
th o u g h tsuperstitiscientg ra d m u rder-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
m urderskillm iraculreasonth u n d e r-
-
am bition
128. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
Noun
Adjective
cautiously
caution
anxious
1 rebel — п одним ать восстание, мятеж ; бунтовать
2 hilarity — весёлость, веселье
Adverb
106
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Noun
Adjective
a.
Adverb
consciousness b. conscious c. consciously
1. N o u n
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
am bition
5. T he soldier show ed ... w hen he held off the enemy.
conscious
courage
courageously
danger
dangerously
generous
a. courage b. courageous c. courageously
jealously
luxurious
m iracle
a. danger b. dangerous c. dangerously
m iraculously
consciousness, anxiety, generosity, m iraculous, dangerous, luxury,
am bitiously, generously, courageous, cautious, anxiously, consciously,
am bitious, jealous, luxuriously
B.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
6. Pierre was severely but n o t ... w ounded in the neck.
jealousy
| 107
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
7. T h eir consequent ... w ent dow n on record and revealed
how eager th ey were to be involved in such a historic
project.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
a. generosity b. generous c. generously
8. Sarah finally broke up w ith M ichael because he was too
... and would get upset w henever she w ent out w ithout
him .
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
a. jealousy b. jealous c. jealously
1. T he m ost recen t d ata from th e Bank o f E ngland show
consum ers are becom ing m ore ... .
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
9. T he new factory building is ... .
a. caution b. cautious c. cautiously
2. At last he threw the book aside an d w atched ... for the
m orning.
a. luxury b. luxurious c. luxuriously
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
1. N oun
10. He is dreadfully upset and slips into ch u rch to pray for
2. Adjective
a ... and forgiveness.
3. Adverb
a. anxiety b. anxious c. anxiously
3. Caesar's ... led him to rule Rom e but also created m any
enem ies in the Senate.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
t
a. m iracle b. m iraculous c. m iraculously
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
129.
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word
that fits in the space in the text.
a. am bition b. am bitious c. am bitiously
4. She becam e ... th at everyone was staring at her.
1. N oun
2. Adjective
3. Adverb
A ries natives are en te rp risin g , active and
_________ (1). T hey know w hat it's like to be first
and this usually com es off as selfish to oth ers
1 in d u stry — п р и л е ж а н и е , с т а р а н и е
IN D U S T R Y 1 (1)
108
I
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
w hen it isn't th e ir in ten tio n at all. Taurus have
(2) enduran ce and are incredibly p e r­ T R E M E N D O U S N E S S (2)
sistent. T hey are com p o sed , self-relian t, c o n ­
structive, p ra c tic a l,________ (3) and kind. C a n ­
H U M O U R (3)
C O N S C IE N C E (4)
cers a r e _________ (4), devoted and sym pathetic.
G E N E R O U S IT Y (5)
Leos are to le r a n t,________ (5) and inspiration­
al. T hey can also be overly p ro u d and extrava­
S E R IO U S N E S S (6)
gant. Virgos a r e _________ (6), perfectionist and
prudent. Virgos can be hypercritical. If there is a
needle in a haystack, a Virgo will find it! Libras
G R A C E (7)
are thoughtful, j u s t , _________ (7) and balanced.
They do not care for any type o f injustice. S cor­
T E N A C IT Y 1 (8)
pios are
(8), optim istic, pleasant, elo ­
q u e n t2 an d p a tie n t. S a g itta ria n s are sin c e re ,
G E N E R O S IT Y (9)
h o n e s t ,__________(9) an d hopeful. C ap rico rn s
C O N S C IE N C E (10)
are d is c ip lin e d ,________ (10) an d achieving.
R E B E L L IO N (11)
A quarians can b e _________ (11), eccen tric and
overly-extroverted. Pisces are intuitive, inspira­
tional and idealistic.
130.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. value
2. break
3. convert
4. reason
5. forget
6. avail
7. wash
8. fashion
9. agree
10. favor
131.
a. valuable
b. reasonable
c. breakable
d. favorable
e. fashionable
f. agreeable
g. available
h. washable
i. convertible
j. forgettable
Match the adjectives with their definitions.
1. credible
a. can be believed
2. audible
b. suitable
3. legible
c. can be seen
4. terrible
d. can be digested
__________________________________________________ Suffixes -ible/-able
5. visible
e. easy to read
— образует п рилагательны е со зн ачен и ем возм ож ности осущ ествления д е й ­
ствия
acceptable — допустимый
credible — заслуж ивающий доверия
6. sensible
f. easily bent
7. possible
g. allowable
8. digestible
h. causing terror
— образует прилагательны е со зн ачен и ем обладани я некоторы м качеством
comfortable — удобный
9. flexible
i. reasonable
Будьте внимательны! У потребление су ф ф и ксо в -able или -ible н еобходим о
проверять по словарю .
132. A.
1 tenacity — упорство, стой кость
2 eloquent — я рки й , убедительны й, вы разительны й
| 109
10. perm issible
j. liable to happen
11. com patible
k. can be heard
Divide the following words into two groups according to
their meaning.
enjoyable, com fortable, readable, reasonable, digestible, variable,
washable, adm issible, drinkable, com patible
110
|
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives mean « su ita b lefo r... »
Adjectives mean «able to...»
knowledge
-»
__
change
->
__
| Ш
Модель 2: forget —» forgettable
B.
Find their related words from the table.
regret
->
__
transm it
-»
__
control
->
__
stop
-»
__
forget
-»
__
enjoy, wash, read, reason, drink, com fort, vary, digest, adm it,
com patibility
133.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
134.
Which of the following words cannot be used with the suffix
-able/-ible?
a.
a.
a.
a.
a.
sensbreakresponsregretdisgrace -
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
washfavorallowcon tro lm anage-
c.
с.
с.
с.
с.
p erio d laughm u rd eravailnotice-
d. fashiond .n um berd. adapt d. hum ourd. excite-
Read the following spelling rules. Form adjectives according to
the models below.
Модель I: Обратите внимание! Гласная -e сохраняется, если перед
гласной в корне стоит -g- или -с- -> change + able —> changeable
irreplace
->
peace
—>
notice
-»
replace
->
service
->
m anage
135.
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
A
с
U
0
A
P
К
N
F
A
D
T
N
U
G
0
A
D
D
R
I
N
К
A
В
L
E
N
S
F
U
В
О
M
0
К
S
V
U
I
M
U
С
0
M
P
R
E
H
E
N
S
I
В
L
E
H
u
N
V
A
L
и
A
В
L
E
J
Y
A
D
N
G
J
В
О
L
M
С
G
В
J
Y
U
В
T
В
J
L
D
U
1
A
D
В
J
I
1
J
A
F
0
E
G
A
R
Y
1
N
F
D
Y
N
В
E
L
I
E
V
A
В
L
E
В
D
U
S
L
A
D
G
J
w
R
T
U
0
E
J
H
T
E
R
R
I
В
L
E
0
X
С
D
H
N
Related words
drink
count
believe
Nouns ( -able/-ible)
\
112
|
«
Adjectives
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
N ouns ( -able/-ible)
Related words
2. H er honesty in all th at she does is truly ... .
adore
| 113
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
com p reh en d
a. adm iration b. adm ire c. adm irable
value
te rro r
•
3. Do you ... you could bear th at patiently?
136. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
Noun
Adjective
Verb
a. belief b. believe c. believable
4. In a week the student can learn to w rite it with some little
facility and to read it w ith ... ease.
achievem ent
believable
belief
consider
forgive
excite
6. Did she think that circum stances and not her own choice
were ... for h er state o f feeling?
7. 1 know nothing to ... with it, for he is a m an o f w arm th.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the fol­
lowing sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. responsibility b. respond c. responsible
co m prehend
consideration, com parison, ad m iratio n , forgiveness, believe,
responsible, com prehensible, excitable, achieve, achievable, adapt,
ad ap tatio n , forgivable, com pare, considerable, adm irable
B.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. forgiveness b. forgive c. forgivable
adaptable
com prehension
5. In reality, the stu d en t spent over an h o u r in my office
begging me for ... .
respond
com parable
excitem ent
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. consideration b. consider c. considerable
adm ire
responsibility
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
1. N oun
2. Verb
3.. Adjective
a. com parison b. com pare c. com parable
8. But all th is series o f nervous d istu rb a n ce s left h er in
a very impressible and ... condition.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. excitem ent b. excite c. excitable
I. M any people strive for an ... in business.
a. achievem ent b. achieve c. achievable
9. Jane was n o t ... to changes in her work contract.
a. adaptation b. adapt c. adaptable
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
114
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
10. A lthough som e o f the earliest art rem ains ... to us now,
there is m uch w hich rem ains obscure.
l. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
h. decorative
i. creative
j. initiative
139. A.
Read the following words. Pay attention to their meaning.
Answer the questions below.
a. com prehension b. com p reh en d c. com prehensible
137.
8. create
9. appreciate
10. product
| 115
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word
that fits in the space in the text.
O ne o f th e m ost im p o rta n t things a stu d en t should
do is to take p art in scientific projects. He can m ake
V ISIO N (1)
him self m o r e _________ (1) by participating in co n fer­
ences and w orkshops and publishing papers on h is/h e r
VALUE (2)
work. A ttending conferences is __________ (2). Students
should know so m e __________ (3) recom m endations for N O TA B ILITY (3)
preparing th e talk. T hey should m ake this im pression
as positive a s __________ (4). It i s __________ (5) to use PO SSIB IL IT Y (4)
REA SO N (5)
ap p ro p riate exam ples an d pictu res and to m ake sure
REA D (6)
th at the slides a r e __________ (6). Besides, it is im p o r­
S U IT (7)
ta n t to g iv e __________ (7) exam ples.
decisive, active, aggressive, attentive, possessive, interrogative, affirm a­
tive, sensitive, respective, passive, creative, legislative, persuasive, co nser­
vative, adm inistrative, talkative, cooperative, elective, narrative, intensive,
exclusive, executive
l . W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe people’s behavior?
2.
W hich o f these adjectives are linguistic term s?
3.
W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe traits o f character?
4. W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe political systems?
Suffix -ive
М одель образования:
5. W hich o f these adjectives can be used to describe a personal speech?
V E R B /N O U N + -IV E
п озволяет образовать отн осительн ы е прилагательны е
creative — творческий
B.
Find their related words from the table.
native — родной
138.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. destruct
2. act
3. correct
4. addict
5. decorate
6. initiate
7. generate
a. generative
b. destructive
c. active
d. productive
e. appreciative
f. corrective
g. addictive
aggression, decisio n , ac t, a tte n tio n , passivity, possess, in terro g a tio n ,
affirm , sense, resp ect, c re a te , legislate, c o o p e ra te , talk, p e rsu ad e ,
conserve, adm inistrate, elect, narrate, execute, intense, exclusion
140, Which of the following word roots cannot be used with the suffix -ive?
1. a.
2. a.
3. a.
4. a.
5. a.
inactapprehenscreataddicttalen t-
b.
b.
b.
b.
b.
interactsupportappreciatdetectrelat-
c.
с.
c.
c.
с.
guiltdeceptparentobjectcorrect-
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
expensinsistinitiatresent exhaust-
116
141.
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adjectives
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
Adjective ( -ive)
Related words
Noun
Verb
| 117
Adjective
conclude
destruction
select
indicate
legislate
inclusion
inclusive
progress
offence
offensive
com pare
persuade
com m u n icate
com m unication
relate
generate
D
G
Р
R
О
G
R
Е
S
S
1
V
Е
F
1
P
К
Н
Y
D
1
А
Е
S
и
О
Р
G
D
О
Р
L
Е
G
I
S
L
А
т
I
V
Е
В
N
О
Р
Y
А
В
1
Е
I
S
О
V
N
E
С
О
М
М
и
N
I
С
А
т
I
V
Е
V
и
F
О
D
N
М
т
Т
X
и
F
и
R
С
О
М
Р
А
R
А
т
I
V
Е
Y
О
А
V
Т
N
М
Т
О
I
S
О
С
Т
N
М
О
р
V
R
R
Е
L
А
т
1
V
Е
X
Y
М
D
О
I
S
В
N
I
О
D
О
Р
А
S
V
В
О
I
Р
D
Т
N
О
А
D
N
Y
м
Е
142. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
persuasion, offend, destruct, conclusion, destructive, com m unicative,
com pete, indicative, indication, persuasive, co m m unicate, include,
selection, appreciate, com petitive, conclusive
B.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the
following sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. People told me over and over how m uch m ore ... they
were o f life, how they w anted to learn.
a. appreciation b. appreciate c. appreciative
2. We offer a large ... o f over 20 tennis skirts, tennis dresses,
tennis shirts.
Verb
3. T hey faced tough ... but in the end they knew it was for
a good cause.
select
com petition
com petition b. com pete c. com petitive
Adjective
appreciative
appreciation
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
a. selection b. select c. selective
a.
Noun
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. T he blood tests m ade a ... diagnosis.
selective
a. conclusion b. conclude c. conclusive
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
118
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
5. T he ... from th e w ar was massive an d was hard to repair.
Adverbs
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
| 119
are c o n sid e re d __________ (4). T hey tend to be calm ,
PASSIVITY (4)
__________ (5) and even p ro v o k e __________ (6) beS E N S E (5)
havior.
A G G R E S S IO N (6)
a. d estruction b. destruct c. destructive
6. W hen a traffic light tu rn s red, it ... th e m o to rist m ust
stop.
a.
a.
a.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
persuasion b. persuade c. persuasive
10. T he language course is based o n a highly ... m ethod in
sm all groups.
143.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
offence b. offend c. offensive
9. It is n o t im possible to w rite a brillian t ... essay on so­
cial injustice.
a.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
inclusion b. include c. inclusive
8. T here was som ething ... in th e ir proposale.
ADVERBS
___________________________________________________________ Suffix -ly
indication b. indicates c. indicative
7. T he shy child s o u g h t... in play activities but d id n 't know
how to jo in th e group.
a.
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
М одель образования:
A D JE C T IV E /N O U N + -LY
образует н аречия от осн ов прилагательны х и (реже) от осн ов сущ ествитель­
ных
patiently — терпеливо, happily — счастливо
О братите в н и м ан и е на то, что суф ф и к с -1у используется для обр азо ван и я
п р и лагательны х со зн ачен и ем характерн ой черты или качества того, что
обо зн ач ен о основой
friendly — друж еский; дружественный
m anly — муж ественный, отважный
fatherly — отцовский, отеческий
— служ ит для о бр азован ия прилагательны х и наречий со зн ачен и ем п ер и о ­
ди ческой повторяем ости
hourly — ежечасный, ежечасно, каж дый час
weekly — еженедельный
Будьте внимательны! Сущ ествую т слова, о к ан ч и ваю щ и еся на -1у, которы е
могут бы ть н аречиям и или прилагательны м и.
early — рано, ранний
friendly — дружелюбный, дружелюбно
co m m u n icatio n b. com m u n icate c. com m unicative
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form a word
that fits in the space in the text.
B right colors are co nsidered
(1). If you
exam ine th e co rrelatio n betw een co lo r an d m o o d ,
y o u ’ll discover th a t b rig h t colors te n d to be m ore
energetic a n d __________ (2). In fact, bright colors
p ro v id e __________ (3) atm o sp h ere. N e u tra l colors
A CT (1)
E F F E C T (2)
C R E A T E (3)
144.
Read the words in the first column. Match them with the related
words in the second column. Underline their suffixes.
1. saint
2. coward
3. quick
4. glad
5. hour
6. day
7. slow
'
a. gladly
b. gradually
c. secondly
d. saintly
e. cowardly
f. sm oothly
g. quickly
120
I
Adverbs
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
8. second
9. sm ooth
10. gradual
| 121
B . Divide the words into three groups according to their defini­
tions.
h. hourly
i. daily
'j . slowly
loudly, ghostly, proudly, cowardly, kingly, patiently, homely, daily,
nightly, m inutely, weekly, friendly, softly, bravely, m onthly
145. A.
Divide the following words into two groups according to
their word formation models.
in а ... m anner
once а ...
like а ...
gentlem anly, silently, kingly, happily, manly, widely, masterly, cruelly,
m inutely, cheerfully, scholarly, rapidly, saintly, badly, cowardly, quickly,
yearly, loudly, secondly, naturally, daily, briefly
Noun + -1у
Adjective + -1у
C.
4
147.
Define what part of speech the words refer to.
Define what parts of speech the words in bold belong to.
1. a) She gave him a friendly look,
b) H e p a tte re d 1 him friendly.
2. a) H e woke up early this m orning.
b) Early breakfast is good for your digestion.
3. a) M ike always reads daily press,
b) Sam takes m eds daily.
4. a) I feel so lonely.
b) Lonely birch tree was standing o n the hill.
B. Define what part of speech the words from the table refer to.
146. A.
5. a) H e brotherly saved m e from death.
b) Jensen has brotherly feelings for O rsen.
Complete the definitions below.
loudly = in a ... m an n er
weekly = once a ...
cow ardiy = like a ...
148. A.
1.
S p ellin g rules! Pay attention to the following spelling rules
when you form adverbs.
Е сл и п р и л а гате л ь н о е о к а н ч и в ае т с я н а -у, то п р и д о б а в л е н и и
суф ф и кса -1у, -у переходит в -i
-у
-i
1 p a tte r— похлопы вать; поглаж ивать.
| 122
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Adverbs
2. Е сл и п р и л а г а т е л ь н о е о к а н ч и в а е т с я н а -1е, то к о н е ч н о е -е
зам ен яется на -у
-1е —» -1у
3. Е сли п р и лагатель н о е о к а н ч и в ае тс я н а -ic, то при о б р азо в ан и и
н ареч и я д обавляется суф ф и кс -ically:
-ic -» -ically
4. Е сли п р и лагатель н о е о к а н ч и в ае тс я н а -и е, то при д о б авл ен и и
суф ф и к са -1у ко н ечн ая буква -е опускается
-ue -» -uly .
5. Е сли прилагательное оканчивается на -И, то добавляется только
гласная -у:
-11 ^
-Ну,
но если слово о к ан чи вается на -1, то при д о б авл ен и и суф ф и к са
-1у, сохраняется д во й н о е н ап и сан и е 1:
-1 + -1у -» -Ну
В.
149.
j 123
Read the words in the table below. Find related words in the
puzzle and complete the table below.
D
I
P
L
H
D
T
Y
О
P
E
A
G
О
S
P
R
A
U
D
Y
0
R
V
L
U
I
С
A
L
H
F
U
0
A
С
s
T
M
F
H
I
P
S
0
U
К
В
A
u
в
u
D
D
E
N
L
Y
A
T
R
N
T
U
В
G
S
G
О
В
A
С
О
P
T
N
G
T
0
G
R
A
С
E
F
U
L
Y
F
J
G
D
A
Z
L
С
U
R
S
О
G
I
L
В
U
P
I
P
F
I
L
I
Y
R
Q
A
D
F
T
L
F
L
F
A
U
Y
M
В
F
I
0
P
A
С
L
N
Y
Y
T
H
A
N
К
F
U
L
L
Y
X
Y
Related words
Read the following words. Match them with the spelling rules
above.
Adverbs (-ly)
sudden
angry
full — fully, true — truly, sim ple — simply, easy — easily, noisy — noisily,
autom atic — autom atically, beautiful — beautifully
graceful
hungry
C.
Complete the table with adverbs. Follow the spelling rules.
sim ple -»
_____________
practical
noisy -» ______________
thankful
easy -»
true —»
autom atic -»
angry -»
_____________
fu ll- »
c ra z y -»
_____________
due -»
guilty -»
_____________
acrobatic —» _
ironic -»
doubtful
gloom y -»
exotic
dull -»
_____________
doubtful -»
successful -»
_____________
p o w erfu l,-»
____________
150. A.
Complete the following word chains using the words from
the table below.
Noun
(concrete
meaning)
Noun
(abstract
meaning)
Verb
believe
beautician
Adjective
Adverb
believably
beautify
creation
creatively
124
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
Noun
(concrete
meaning)
Noun
(abstract
meaning)
Verb
Adverbs
doubt
4. But he w ondered if she knew the extent o f his ... o f her
father.
critically
criticize
critic
Adverb
Adjective
a.
doubtful
financier
finance
financially
5. I am aware th a t m uch rem ains ....
creator, beautifully, finance, doubter, believer, equalize, criticism ,
doubtfully, believable, critical, equality, creative, create, financial,
doubt, equally, belief, beauty, beautiful
B.
Determine what part of speech it is necessary to use in the
following sentences. Complete them using words from part A.
1. We felt his story was ...
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
a.
6. O n reaching R atisbon they were obliged to go to bed, and
a terrible night was followed by an ... bad m orning.
a.
2. How ... an d aptly he could speak o f h er own art!
a. beautician b. beauty c. beautify d. beautiful e. beautifully
3. T hin k ... and rearrange the o rd er o f the w ords in a sen­
tence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
a. creato r b. creation c. create d. creative e. creatively
N oun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
151.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
equal b. equality c. equalize d. equally
7. H is ... problem s were solved successfully last year.
a.
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
doubter b. doubt c. doubtful d. doubtfully
a. believer b. belief c. believe d. believable e. believably
1. N oun
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
critic b. criticism c. criticize d. critical e. critically
equal
equal
| 125
1. N o u n
2. Verb
3. Adjective
4. Adverb
financier b. finance c. financial d. financially
Read the text. Use the words given in capitals to form
that fits in the space in the text.
T he bottle was dropped overboard on a w arm su m ­
m er evening. But w hen s e a le d __________(1) and
sent to sea, as this one was, it becam e one o f the
m ost seaw orthy objects know n to m an. It could
flo a t_________ (2) through hurricanes. Like th a t o f
all bottles left to the w h im 1 o f the oceans, its course
1 w him — прихоть, каприз
a word
P R O P E R (1)
SA FE (2)
126
I
Word Formation: Suffix after Suffix
A B SO L U T E (3)
w a s __________ (3)_unpredictable. W inds an d c u r­
EQUAL (4)
rents p la y _________ (4) large roles in any b o ttle’s
O C C A SIO N (5)
d ir e c tio n .___________(5) a fishing n et will sn a g 1
a bottle an d carry it a d o zen miles in the opposite
direction in w hich it was headed. T h e result is that
two bottles d r o p p e d
(6) into th e o cean SIMULTANEOUS (6)
E V ID E N T (7)
_______ (7),
m ight en d up a c o n tin e n t ap art.
EXACT (8)
th ere is no way to p r e d i c t __________ (8) w here
a bottle m ight travel, an d th a t is part o f its mystery.
WORD FORMATION:
PREFIX AFTER PREFIX
В ко д и ф и к ато р е эл ем ен тов со держ ан и я и тр еб о ван и й к уровню
подготовки вы пускников общ еобразовательны х учреж дений д ля п р о ­
ведения ЕГЭ по ан гл и й ск ом у я зы к у 1 представлены аф ф и ксы :
а ф ф и к сы глаголов: re-, dis-, m isаф ф иксы прилагательны х: inter-.
отри ц ател ьн ы е п реф иксы : un-, in -/im -.
Рассм отри м каж ды й из у казан н ы х элем ентов подробн о.
Prefix ге— передаёт зн ачен и е «снова», «ещё раз»
re-cover — снова покрывать
— передаёт зн ачен и е «обратно», «назад»
re-enter — вернуться
— передаёт зн ачен и е «заново», «по-новому»
regroup —перегруппировать
О братите вни м ан ие н а то, что п риставка ге- м ож ет писаться к ак слитн о, так
и через деф и с. Э то зави си т от зн ач ен и я, которое передает приставка:
— если ге- употребляется с целью и зм ен ен и я или улучш ения этого действия,
то ставится деф ис:
to re-elect — переизбирать',
— если ге- п ередает зн ачен и е восстановления- п ервон ачальн ого результата
или со сто ян и я, то пиш ется слитно:
to recapture — взять обратно.
1 snag — зац еплять
1 К оди ф и катор элементов содерж ания и требований к уровню подготовки
в ы п у скн и ко в общ ео бр азовател ьн ы х учреж ден и й для п ровед ен и я ед и ­
ного государственного экзам ен а по ан гл и й ск ом у языку. Реж им доступа:
U R L : w ww .fip i.ru /v iew /sections/226/docs/627.htm l
128
I
152.
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Read the following examples, divide them into 2 groups accord­
ing to the meaning of the prefix re-.
rebuild, reeopy, regain, renew, remarry, recolor, retrace, reunite, resell,
reread
Prefix re- indicates return
to a previous condition
(restoration, withdrawal)
Prefix re- indicates repetition
o f an action
r
Prefix dis— используется для образо ван и я слов со зн ачен и ем л и ш ен и я чего-л.
(о б е з-/о б е с -)
to disarm — обезоруживать
to disinherit — лиш ат ь наследства
— образует слова со зн ачен и ем и склю чен ия из какой -л. орган и зац и и
to disbar — исключать барристера из корпорации
— обозначает разделение на составны е части, отделение
to distribute — распределять
— усиливает отри ц ател ьн ы й к ом п он ен т зн ачен и я слова
to disannul — полностью аннулировать
155.
153.
Read the following definitions, form a verb using the prefix re-.
M odel: to jo in again — to rejoin.
1. To discover again
2. To build again
v
| 129
3. To w rite again
-> ____ _____________________________
—>
_____________________________
-» ____ _____________________________
4. To appear again
->
_____________________________
5. To assem ble again
-»
_____________________________
6. To heat again
-»
_____________________________
7. To apply again
—>
_____________________________
8. To type again
-»
154.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Answer the following questions.
Would you like to reread your favourite novel? W hy?
W hat do you usually retell to your friends?
W hy do people som etim es w ant to rebuild th e ir house?
Have you ever rediscovered anything for you?
Have you ever recopied an im portant file? W hy did you have to do it?
Read the following verbs. Answer the questions.
1. W hich
2. W hich
3. W hich
4. W hich
o f these
o f these
o f these
o f these
words
words
words
words
indicate reversal?
indicate negation, lack o r deprivation?
indicate removal o r release?
express intensive force?
distrust, disarm , disinfect, disuse, disconnect, disem bark, disobey,
display, discolour, discontinue, discover, dislike, disagree, displease,
disapprove, displace, disorder, disarrange
156.
Read the following definitions, form a verb using the prefix dis-.
The words in the table can help you.
to disbelieve, to discolour, to disobey, to distrust, to disapprove, to dislike,
to disconnect
l . To break th e co n n ectio n o f sm th
2. To c o n sid e r u n p le a sa n t o r d is­
agreeable
-»
3. To change o r cause to change in
colour
—>
4. To w ithhold approval from
—>
5. To neglect or refuse to obey
—>
6. To regard as dishonest
130
I
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
7. To reject as false o r lying; refuse to
accept as true o r truthful
157.
------------------------------
Answer the following questions.
1. W hat do you dislike?
2. Have you ever disbelieved people aro u n d you? W hen was it?
3. Has the w eather ever disarranged your plans? W hen was it?
4. Have you ever disobeyed your p aren ts’ decision? How did you solve
th at problem ?
Prefix misобразует слова со зн ачен и ем «неправильно, неудачно», «с противополож ным
результатом»
to misunderstand — неправильно понимать
to misdial — ошибаться при наборе номера телефона
to misinform — дезинформировать; вводить в заблуж дение
используется для о б о зн ач ен и я слов с п р о тивополож ны м результатом
to mistrust — не доверять
4. To lead o r guide in the w rong d i­
rection
| 131
___________________
5. To fail to hear correctly
-»
___________________
6. To behave badly
-» _____________________
7. To give incorrect inform ation to
-»
___________________
160. Answer the following questions.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Som etim es friends m isunderstand each other. W hat about you?
Do you often m iscalculate in M aths? W hy does it happen?
Have you ever been lost in a city? W ho m isled you?
Have you ever m isapprehended the task? W hen was it?
Have you ever m isinterpreted a novel o r a story? W hy did it happen?
Prefix inter-
О бразует слова со зн ачен и ям и
— м еж -, меж ду-, среди, внутри (в пространственном и врем енном значен и и)
—> international — международный
— взаим о— > interchangeable — взаимозаменяемый
158.
Read the following verbs. Answer the questions.
1. W hich o f these words indicate w rong, bad o r erroneous actions?
2. W hich o f these words indicate lack o f som ething?
m isunderstand, misspell, m ism atch, m isuse, m isbehave, m iscalculate,
m isconduct, mishear, m isdial, m isrule, m istreat, m islead, m istrust,
161. Read the following examples, divide them into 2 groups accord­
ing to the meaning of the prefix inter-.
international, interracial, intervocalic, intercontinental, interchangeable,
intergalactic, interdependent, interactive
m isfire
159.
Read the following definitions, form a verb using the prefix mis-.
The words in the table can help you.
Prefix inter- means "between or
among"
to misuse, to m ism atch, to m isunderstand, to mislead, to mishear, to m is­
behave, to m isinform
1. To use w rongly
-»
2. To m atch badly
-»
3. To fail to u n derstand properly
—»
1 reciprocally — взаим но; обою дно
Prefix inter- means "together, m utu­
ally or reciprocally1"
132
162.
I
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Read the following definitions, form a verb using the prefix in­
ter-. The words in the table can help you.
intergalactic, intern atio n al, in terco n tin en tal, interpersonal, interracial,
interatom ic
1. Involving two o r m ore nations or n atio n ­
alities______________________________________ ___________________
2. Involving o r existing betw een different
races o r ethnic groups
------------------------------
3. Existing o r o ccurring betw een o r am ong
atom s
------------------------------
4. O ccu rin g b etw een p erso n s; involving
personal relationships
___________________
5. R elating to o r existing betw een two o r
m ore galaxies
'
6. R elating to travel, com m erce, relations,
etc., betw een co n tin en ts
163.
'
_________
___________________
Answer the following questions.
1. Is it im p o rtan t to use interactive exercises w hen you learn a foreign
language?
2. Are people interdependent? W ho do you d ep end on?
3. Is it im p o rtan t to develop intern atio n al co operation? W hy?
P r e f ix u n М одель образования:
u n - + VERB -» do — undo
u n - + A D JE C T IV E —» clear — unclear
u n - + ADVERB —» likely — unlikely
u n - + N O U N —» happiness — unhappiness
П ридаёт п ротивополож ное зн ачен и е (н е-)
to undo — уничтож ать, отменять сделанное;
unable — неспособный;
unappreciation — неблагодарность
164.
| 133
Read the following examples, divide them into 4 groups.
unhappiness, unexpectedly, unpack, undrinkable, unvoice, unbelievable,
undo, unwillingly, unsteadiness, unreliable, unwater, unrestrictedly, u n ­
symmetry, unsuccessfully, unsafety, unkind, unreliability, unforgettable,
unpark, unnaturally
NOUN
165.
A D JE C T IV E
VERB
AD VERB
Read the following definitions, form a verb using the prefix un-.
The words in the table can help you.
unm usical, unknow n, unlocked, un fo rtu n ate, unkind, unlucky,
unfriendly, unlike, unkind, unlim ited, unfair
1. N o t m usical o r harm onious
-»
2. C h a ra c te riz e d by m isfo rtu n e o r
failure
->
3. N o t locked
—»
4. W ithout lim its or bounds
-»
5. N o t alike; different
—»
6. N o t know n, understood o r recog­
nized
-»
7. N o t friendly; hostile
-»
8. Lacking kindness; unsym pathetic
o r cruel
—»
9. C ausing o r attended by m isfortune
—»
10. C haracterized by inequality
o r injustice
->
J_______________________
134 I
166.
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Word Formation: Prefix after Prefix
Answer the following questions.
3. False; w rong
1. C an you give any exam ples o f unacceptable behavior?
2. Have you ever got unexpected gifts? W hen was it?
3. W hat do you do if th e inform ation you learn is unclear for you?
4. W hat m akes you unhappy?
_________________ ___________________________________ Prefixes im - /i n П ридаёт п ротивополож ное зн ачен и е (н е -, без-)
incalculable — неисчислимый
indifferent — безразличный
immature — незрелый, неспелый
Spelling rules!
П риставка im - п ри соед ин яется к словам , н ачи н аю щ и м ся с «ш», «Ь» и «р».
immaterial — нематериальный, невещественный
impolite — невеж ливый
П риставка in- п ри соед и н яется ко всем словам , кром е слов, н ачинаю щ ихся
на « т » , «Ь», «р», «1», «г».
167.
168.
Make these words opposite by adding in- or im-.
expensive
form al
m ature
possible
pure
patient
sane
attentive
perfect
com plete
p roper
m ortal
secure
definite
practical
possible
capable
precise
accuracy
polite
considerable
Read the following definitions, form words using im -/in-.
1. L ack in g in th o u g h t fo r o th e rs;
thoughtless
2. Lack o f coord in atio n o r organiza­
tio n
___________________
4. Incapable o f being accused; guilt­
less
-»
5. N o t decisive o r conclusive
6. T he state o r quality o f being in d e­
pendent
-»
7. W ithout distinctive qualities
-»
8. N o t prudent; indiscreet
->
9. N o t precise; inexact o r inaccurate
—>
10. Incapable o f occu rrin g o r happening
—>
169.
Answer the following questions.
1. Have you ever been im patient? W hen was it?
2. D o you like inform al clothes?
3. W hat knowledge do you find im practical?
| 135
Word Formation Practice
WORD FORMATION PRACTICE
B14
w om en's e co n o m ic,
and social
achievem ents. In som e regions, the day lost its
________ flavor and b e c a m e _________
an occasion for m en to express th e ir love for
B15
B16
| 137
P O L IT IC S
O R IG IN
S IM P L E
wom en.
Прочит айт е приведённые ниж е тексты. Образуйте от слов, напе­
чатанных заглавны ми буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами
В11—В16, однокоренные слова т ак, чтобы они грам м ат ически и л е к ­
сически соот вет ст вовали содерж анию т екст а. Заполнит е пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соот вет ст вует отдельному
заданию из группы B 1 I —B16.
№3
1
g -|2
A person w ho receives a n ___________ to a c o s tum e party has the p e rfe c t_________ to find
an outfit th at will be th e hit o f th e occasion.
Som e people cho o se co stu m es th a t reflect
t h e i r ___________ • For exam ple, a m an w ho's
a n ___________ type may peruse' the selection
o f p irate costum es. O th e r people p refer to
dress up as som eone or som ething that is com ­
pletely unexpected. R egardless o f a person s
c o stu m e _______
, you can choose w hatev­
er you want. A teen is sure to find a costum e in
that catches t h e ___________ o f fellow partiers.
B13
№1
В11
В12
В13
В14
В15
В16
G r e a t B rita in lies to th e n o rth w e s t o f
___________ E u ro p e. W ith a p o p u la tio n o f
about 60.0 m illion people, it is th e third m ost
___________island in the w orld, after Java and
H onshu. Politically, G reat B ritain also refers
to the island itself to g eth er w ith a n u m b er o f
___________ islands w hich co n stitu te th e te r­
ritory o f E ngland, S cotland and Wales. M ost
o f England, Scotland and Wales are on the is­
land o f G reat Britain, as are t h e i r ___________
cap ital cities: L on d o n , E d inburgh and C a r­
diff. T he K ingdom o f G re a t B ritain resulted
from t h e ___________union o f the kingdom s o f
England and Scotland w ith the Ac{s o f U nion
1707. T he relatively lim ited variety o f fauna
and flora on th e island is due to its size and the
fact th at wildlife has had little tim e to develop
since th e la s t___________ period.
C O N T IN E N T
PO PU L A T E
B15
B16
В12
В13
_____________W om en's D ay is m a rk e d o n
M arch , 8 every year. I n ____________ regions
the focus o f the
ranges from partie s to m ass d e m o n s tra tio n s in su p p o rt o f
RESPECT
B11
B12
P O L IT IC S
B13
B14
~
J
G L A C IE R
N A T IO N
D IF F E R
CELEBRATE
PE R SO N A L
ADVENTURE
PREFER
A T T E N T IV E
№4
SU R R O U N D
№2
В11
IN V IT E
O PPO RTU N E
B16
She supposed th a t it had so m e th in g to do
w ith the fact th at w hen the divorce papers fi­
nally arrived, she felt as if a little part o f her
had died. T h at in itia l.
she felt had
turned t o __________and now it had becom e
som ething else, alm ost a ___________ o f sorts.
Even though she w a s ___________ in m otion,
it seem ed as if nothing special ever happened
to her anym ore. Each day se e m e d ----------------like the last, and she had trouble differentiat­
ing am ong them . O ne tim e, about a year ago,
she sat at her desk for fifteen m inutes trying
to rem em ber the la s t
thing sh e’d
done. She c o u ld n ’t think o f anything.
1 peruse — вним ательно рассм атривать
ANGRY
SAD
DULL
C O N ST A N T
EXACT
SPO N T A N E IT Y
138
I
Word Formation Practice
Word Formation Practice
№5
B11
B12
...B ut th e re are a lot o f ____________ w ith
m oney and w ith the house th at you w o u ld n ’t
u n d e rsta n d . You were b orn in E ngland an d
you have started y o u r ___________ th ere and
he w ants you to c o n titu e going to English
schools.
"Oh, G randm am m a!" I cried. "You d o n ’t want
to go an d live in o u r ____________ hou se, 1
know you d o n ’t!"
"O f co u rse, I d o n ’t," she said. "But I am
B14 afraid I must.. It i s ____________to repect the
wishes o f the parents."
T h ere was no way o u t o f it. We had to go
to Italy, and my g ran d m o th er started m aking
B15 _____ _____ at once.
O n th e evening before we left for Italy, my
B16 g ra n d m o th e r got on to h e r ____________ su b ­
ject once again.
B13
B16
C O M P L IC A T E
B 11
B12
B J3
B14
B15
ACCURATE
№7
EDUCATE
B11
B12
ITALY
S IG N IF Y
B13
В 14
ARRANGE
PREFEREN CE
B15
№6
C opernicus m easured and observed th e planets and stars. He gathered an d com p ared the
o f o th e r astronom ers. In so doing
C o p ern icu s challenged a 2 ,0 0 0 -y ear-o ld belief th a t th e earth s a t ___________ at the c e n ­
te r o f the universe an d th a t planets, sun an d
stars ro tated aro u n d it. He was also th e first
to use scientific exam ination as th e basis for
t h e ___________ o f a fundam ental theory. C o ­
pern icu s hoped to use "m odern" (six teen th century) technology to improve on Ptolem y’s
, Over.the years, C opernicus began
to w onder what t h e ___________ o f the planets
would look like from a n o th e r m oving planet.
W hen his calculation based on this idea m ore
___________ predicted this process, he began
to w o n d er w h at th e m o tio n o f th e planets
would look like if the earth moved.
| 139
B16
Ju p iter’s M oons was a discovery m ade possible
by a n ___________ — a telescope. G alileo saw
his first telescope in late 1608 and instantly
recognized th at a m o r e ____________ telescope
could be the answ er to the prayers o f every as­
tronom er.
In 1609 G a lile o ’s te le sc o p e w as th e first
___________telescope for scientific use. G ali­
leo first tu rn e d his telescope on th e m oon.
T here h e ___________saw m ountains and val­
leys. T he m oon th a t G alileo saw was radically
d ifferen t from th e perfectly sm o o th sphere
th a t A ristotle and Ptolem y said it was. G alileo
next aim ed his telescope at Jupiter, the biggest
planet, planning t o ___________ chart m otion
over several m onths. To h i s ___________ , he
found m oons circling the giant planet.
IN V E N T
PO W ER
P R A C T IC E
CLEAR
CARE
AM AZE
№8
O BSERV E
B11
M O T IO N
B12
B13
D EV ELO P
M E A SU R E
MOVE
B14
T he fo u r young faces on w hich the firelight
shone brig h ten ed at t h e ___________ w ords,
but darkened again as Jo sa id ___________, ‘We
haven’t got Father and shall not have him for
a long tim e .’ She d id n ’t say ‘perh ap s never,’
but e a c h _________added it, thinking o f Father
faraway, w here th e fighting was. T h e n M eg
said in an altered to n e, ‘You know the reason
M other proposed not having any presents this
C hristm as was because it is going to be a hard
w inter for everyone; and she th in k s we ought
n o t to spend m o n ey f o r ___________ , w hen
o u r m en are suffering so in the army. We c a n ’t
CHEER
SAD
S IL E N T
PLEA SE
140
B15
B16
[
Word Formation Practice
Word Formation Practice
do m uch, but we can m ake o u r little sacrifices an d oug h t to do i t ___________ . But I am
afraid 1 d o n ’t . ’ A nd Meg shook h e r head, as
she th o u g h t____________ o f all the pretty things
she w anted.
GLAD
B14
REGRET
B15
№9
B11
B12
B13
В 14
515
B16
As y o u n g ___________ like to know ‘how
p eople lo o k ’, we will tak e th is m o m e n t to
give th em a little sketch o f th e fo u r sisters,
w ho sat k n ittin g away in th e tw ilight, w hile
th e D ec e m b e r snow fell ____________ w ith ­
o u t, an d th e fire crackled cheerfully w ithin.
It was a _____________ro o m , th o u g h th e c a r­
pet was faded an d th e fu rn itu re very plain ,
for a good p ictu re o r two hung on th e walls,
books filled the recesses, chrysanthem um s and
C hristm as roses bloom ed in the windows, and
a
atm osphere o f hom e peace p e r­
vaded it. M argaret, th e eldest o f th e four, was
sixteen and very pretty, being plum p and fair,
w ith large eyes. F ifteen- year-old Jo was very
tall and th in . She had sharp, grey eyes, w hich
appeared to see everything and were by tu rn s
fierce, fu n n y o r ___________ . E lizab eth , o r
B eth, as everyone called her, was a rosy girl
o f th irteen , w ith a shy m an n er and a peaceful
w hich was seldom disturbed.
REA D
B16
Q U IE T
COM FO RT
B11
B12
B13
There w as____________calm in the W ormwood
household for about a week after the Superglue
episode. T he experience had clearly chastened
M r W orm wood and he s e e m e d ___________ to
have lost his taste for b oasting an d bullying.
T h en _________ he struck again. Perhaps he
had had a bad day at th e garage an d had not
B 11
B13
B14
THOUGHT
EX PR ESS
B15
№10
C O M PA R E
T E M PO R A R Y
B16
SU D D EN
IR R ITA TE
SENSE
R E C O G N IT IO N
№11
B12
PLEA SE
sold enough crum m y second-hand cars. There
are m any things th at make a m a n ___________
w hen he arrives hom e from work in the evening and a ____________wife will usually n o ­
tice the storm -signals and will leave him alone
until he sim m ers dow n. W hen M r W ormwood
arrived back from the garage th a t evening his
face was as dark as a th undercloud and som e­
body was clearly fo r th e h ig h -ju m p pretty
soon. His w ife ___________the signs im m edi­
ately and m ade herself scarce.
| 141
"I hope you will know all t h e ___________ ta- M ULTI PL IC A T E
ENORM OUS
bles up to twelve. It will help y o u ___________ if
you do. N ow th e n , do any o f you happen to
have le arn t th e tw o -tim e s tab le already?"
M atilda p u t up her hand. She was th e only
CARE
one. M iss H oney lo o k e d ____________ at the
tiny girl w ith dark h air an d a ro u n d serious
W ONDER
face sitting in the second row. "___________ ,"
she said. "Please stand up and recite as m uch
o f it as you can." M atilda stood up and began
to say the tw o-tim es table. W hen she got to
twice twelve is tw enty-four she d id n ’t stop. She
went right on with twice th irteen is twenty-six,
twice fourteen is tw enty-eight, tw ice fifteen is
thirty, tw ice sixteen is..." "Stop!" Miss H o n S L IG H T
ey said. She had been lis te n in g ___________
spellbound to this sm o o th recital, an d now
she said, "H ow far can you go?" "H ow far?"
M atilda said. "Well, I d o n 't really know, Miss
Honey. F or quite a long way, I th in k ." Miss
H oney to o k a few m om ents to let this curiSTATE
o u s ___________ sink in. "You m ean", she said,
"that you could tell me w hat two tim es tw entyeight is?" "Yes, Miss Honey." "W hat is it?"
142
|
Word Formation Practice
Word Formation Practice
№ 13
"Fifty-six, Miss Honey." "W hat about so m e­
thin g m uch harder, like two tim es four h u n ­
d re d an d eighty-seven? C o u ld you tell me
that?" "I think so, yes," M atilda said. "Are you
sure?" "Yes, Miss Honey, I'm fairly sure."
B11
№ 12
B 11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
| 143 J
In the interval, Miss H oney left the classroom
an d h ead ed straig h t for th e H ead m istress's
study. She f e l t ___________ excited. She had
ju st m et a sm all girl w ho possessed, o r so it
seem ed to her, q u ite ex trao rd in ary qualities
o f ___________ . T h ere had not been tim e yet
to find o u t ___________ how brilliant th e child
was.
___________ M iss H oney was terrified o f the
H eadm istress and kept well away from her, but
at this m om ent she felt ready to take on an y ­
body. She knocked on the d o o r o f the dreaded
private study. "Enter!" b oom ed th e deep and
___________ voice o f Miss T runchbull. Miss
H oney w ent in. N ow m ost head teachers are
chosen because they possess a nu m b er o f fine
qualities. T hey und erstan d children and they
have th e children's best interests at heart. They
a r e ___________ . T h ey are fair a n d they are
deeply interested in education.
W IL D
B12
B R IL L IA N T
EXACT
B13
NORM AL
B14
DANGER
B15
SYM PA THY
ч
B16
Just as G alile o used his telesco p e to open
the h u m an h o rizon to the planets and stars
o f space, so van L eeuw enhoek used his m icroscope to open h u m a n ___________ to the
m icro sco p ic w orld th a t was invisibly sm all
and th a t no one had even d ream ed existed.
A nton van Leeuw enhoek was born in 1632 in
D elft, H olland. C o m p letely self-ta u g h t, he
lea rn e d en o u g h m ath s to m o o n lig h t as a
and read w hat he could about the
natural world aro u n d him . He never learned
any language other th an D utch, so he was never able to read any o f t h e ____________papers
and research. By 1673 van Leeuw enhoek had
built a 270-pow er m icroscope th at was able to
see objects only o n e -o n e -m illio n th o f a m e­
ter in length. Van Leeuwenhoek rem ained very
___________about his work and never allowed
others to see his m icroscopes o r setup. Van
Leeuw enhoek expanded his search for these
unseeably s m a ll___________and found them
every where: on hum an eyelashes, on fleas, in
dust and on skin. He drew and described them
w ith ___________ , precise drawings.
AWARE
SU RV EY
S C IE N C E
SE C R E T
C R EA TE
EXCELLENCE
144
|
Word Formation Practice
ANSWER KEYS
№14
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
P rie stle y ’s discovery o f oxygen sp ark ed a
__ revolution. He was the first person
to isolate a single____________ elem ent in the
m ixture o f gasses we call “air.” Before Priest­
ley’s discovery, scientific study had focused
on m etals. B ecause oxygen is a___________
elem ent o f co m b u stio n , Priestley’s discovery
also led to an understanding o f w hat it m eans
to burn som ething and to an understanding o f
t h e ___________ o f m a tte r into energy during
d iffe re n t___________. Finally, Priestley estab ­
lished a sim ple but elegant a n d ___________
process for conducting analysis o f new gases.
C H E M IS T R Y
GAS
i. в.
CENTER
B11 — a. population; В 12 — b. natural; B13 — b. visitors; B14 — c. seri­
ously; B15 — b. protection; В 16 — с. scientists.
3.
C O N V E R SE
REACT
EFFECT
The word has
a suffix
The word has
a prefix
The word has
a suffix and
a prefix
The word has
neither a suffix nor
a prefix
num erous
m isfortune
misleading
work
teacher
unlike
m isunderstanding
job
careless
overload
disapproval
bed
governm ent
disappoint
international
piano
possibility
overheat
unfortunately
bag
№15
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
We now know t h a t ____________ work, e le c ­
tricity, m o m e n tu m , h e a t, m ag n etic fo rce,
etc., can be converted from one to another.
T here is always a loss in the process but it can
be done. T hat knowledge has been a trem en dous help for t h e
,
o f o u r industries
a n d tech n o lo g ies. O nly 200 years ago, th e
th o u g h t had not o ccu rred to anyone. Jam es
Jo u le discovered th a t every form o f energy
could be converted into an equivalent am ount
o f heat. Jo u le ’s discovery was a n ___________
fo u n d a tio n for th e discovery o f th e law o f
co nservation o f energy. Jam es Jo u le studied
___________ energy circuits. O ften he experi­
m ented with little regard f o r
— his
o r o thers. His results were inconclusive until
Joule sw itched from w ater to liquid mercury.
W ith this denser fluid, h e ___________ proved
th a t the m ech an ical effort was converted to
heat at a fixed rate. •
M E C H A N IC
4.
D EV ELO P
ESSENCE
E L E C T R IC IT Y
SAFE
EASY
noun
verb
adjective
*
work
*
early
-
*
characteristic
*
*
play
*
*
will
*
*
export
*
*
m agnificent
*
stone
*
*
record
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
fortunately
public
adverb
*
*
145
146
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
noun
verb
adjective
adverb
12.
*
previously
report
*
*
nam e
*
*
w ater
*
*
| 147
*
N o u n -» Verb
Adjective -> Verb
em phasis —>em phasize
sym pathy -» sym pathize/se
symbol —> sym bolize/se
neutral —> neutralize/se
m odern -> m odernize/se
special -» specialize/se
14.
6.
M
d elicio u s, b eau tifu l, d y n a m ic , co lo u rfu l, invisible, h e ro ic , disable
7.
d ecisio n , p ro p o sal, press, s tu d e n t, d e p a rtu re , m ag ic ia n , ta c tic , equality, re ­
latio n sh ip
Y
G
I
Z
E
T
I
С
1
S
V
A
T
I
Z
E
Q
U
A
L
I
E
A
L
S
Y
M
В
О
L
A
P
0
L
0
С
R
1
R
I
8.
im m ediately, rarely, kindly, orally, tragically, sim ply, originally, w eekly
T
I
R
P
M
Z
9.
E
A b -n o rm -a l, m is -c a lc u la t-tio n , m is-b e lie v -e r, m is -p r o n u n c ia t-io n , m ism a n a g e -m e n t, d is -o rg a n -iz e , re -c o lle c t-io n , in -e d u c -a b le , im -m o v -a b le , im m ig ra t-io n
10. A.
8.
1. A djective 2. A dverb 3. N o u n 4. N o u n 5. A djective 6. A djective 7. A djective
A dverb 9. A djective 10. A dverb 10. N o u n
10. B.
1. A. c o n tin e n ta l 2. C . a n n u a lly 3. A. in v ita tio n 4. B. o p p o rtu n ity 5. B. logic
6. B. respective 7. B. co n stitu tio n a l 8. B. p articu larly 9. B. religious 10. A. c o m ­
p letely 11. A. a d m in istra tio n
11.
m e m o ry — m e m o riz e , special — sp ecialize, in d u stry — in d u strialize, sy m ­
p a th y — sy m p ath ize, ideal — id ealize, d ra m a — d ra m a tise , c riticism — c riticize,
scan d al — scandalize.
15.
/
z
Related words
Verbs (-ise/-ize)
m em ory
m em orize
reality
realize
symbol
symbolize
apology
apologize
criticism
criticize
private
privatize
equal
equalize
E
A.
1. apo lo g ize, 2. c h a ra c te riz e , 3. sym bolize, 4. idealize, 5. m o d e rn iz e , 6. n e u ­
tralize
15. B.
A d je c tiv e s Verb
Noun -> Verb
ideal -> idealize
apology -> apologize
148
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
23.
Adjective -» Verb
Noun —> Verb
m odern -> m odernize
characteristic —> characterize
neutral -v neutralize
symbol —> symbolize
с
M
1
16. A.
N
V
T
R
D
R
A
W
E
E
N
T
0
R
A
X
A
I
С
T
T
H
E
E
R
R
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
E
apology
apologiz(s)e
apologetic
apologetically
R
ideal
idealize
ideal
ideally
legality
legaliz(s)e
legal
legally
harm ony
harm onize
harm onious
harm oniously
Related words
Nouns ( -er/-or)
sym bolically
to invent
inventor
to write
w riter
to create
creator
to draw
draw er
to teach
teacher
to mix
mixer
symbol
sym boliz(s)e
symbolic
S
M
1. A pology, 2. Legally, 3. H a rm o n iz e , 4. A pologetically, 5. A pologise, 6. Id e ­
alize, 7. S y m b o lic, 8. H a rm o n io u s, 9. Id eal, 10. Legal, 11. S ym bolize.
17. \
1. A lot o f Portuguese resta u ra n ts specialize in seafood. 2. H e e m p h asized th e
subject o f civil rights in his sp eech . 3. T h e ow l sym bolizes w isd o m a n d learn in g .
4. T h a t ex cellen t taste c h a ra c te riz e s h e r w ritings. 5. I re c o g n ized m y old friend
a n d sm iled a t him .
18.
1.
specializes, 2. ap o lo g ize d , 3. have ... a p o lo g ized , 4. o rg a n iz e d , 5. re c o g ­
n ized , 6. will criticize.
19.
Type o f the mistake
0
К
E
R
R
16. B.
The form written in the
p u p il’s test
| 149
R
25. A.
Noun (occupation)
Noun (process)
Verb
Adjective
an n o u n cer
an n o uncem ent
announce
announced
believer
belief
believe
believable
com petitor
com petition
com pete
com petitive
consum er
consum ption
consum e
consum able
direct
d irector
direction
direct
Correct variant
doubter
doubt
doubt
doubtful
em ploym ent
em ploy
em ployed
1.
subsidized
gram m ar mistake
subsidize
em ployer
2.
orgarnize
spelling mistake
organize
founder
foundation
found
founded
3.
has characterized
gram m ar mistake
characterized
helper
help
help
helpful
4.
revitalizasion
spelling mistake
revitalization
mixer
mixture
mix
mixed
observation
observe
observant
offence
offend
offensive
5.
crytics
spelling mistake
critics
observer
6.
sym bolic
word form ation mistake
symbol
offender
150
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
| 151
25. B.
32.
1 .— b, 2. — d, 3 ,— c, 4. — a, 5, — a, 6, — c, 7, — a, 8 , — a, 9. — d , 1 0 ,— b,
1. d. im p re ss-, 2. b. a p p o in t-, 3. b. a p p o in t-, 4. b. e n ric h -, 5. c. rival-.
11.- c , 12. — a.
33.
26.
R
explore
explorer
begin
beginner
exam ine
exam iner
babysit
babysitter
drive
driver
run
ru n n er
believer
rob
robber
believe
s
С
27.
1. b a b y -sitters, 2. b u ild ers, 3. governor, 4. ro b b ers, 5. users, 6. visitors.
28.
R
A
Q
U
В
и
G
D
A
1
R
E
L
E
S
N
S
E
D
N
D
T
A
N
E
N
N
T
E
S
E
E
N
S
S
S
S
E
S
S
E
S
The form written in the
p u p il’s test
Type o f the mistake
Correct variant
1.
singers
gram m ar mistake
singer
2.
presentor
spelling mistake
presenter
Related words
Nouns ( -ness)
3.
reader
gram m ar mistake
readers
rude
rudeness
4.
d am cer
spelling mistake
dan cer
careless
carelessness
greatness
S
S
H
E
L
P
F
U
L
N
E
S
5.
viewer
gram m ar mistake
viewers
great
6.
runner-up
gram m ar mistake
ru nners-up
bald
baldness
7.
w iner
spelling mistake
w inner
quiet
quietness
8.
p artnor
spelling mistake
partn er
sad
sadness
helpful
helpfulness
S
30.
34. A.
Qualities
States
friendliness
happiness
Noun (act, process)
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
foolishness
weakness
brightness
brighten
bright
brighly
ugliness
m adness
darkness
darken
dark
darkly
rudeness
illness
deafness
deafen
d eaf
deafly
seriousness
sadness
quickness
quicken
quick
quickly
sharpness
ripeness
roughness
roughen
rough
roughly
S
152
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
34. B.
1. verb, a. 2. n o u n , d. 3. n o u n , d. 4. adverb, c. 5. n o u n , d.
Related words
Nouns ( -ist)
jo u rn al
journalist
linguistics
linguist
nature
naturalist
35.
1. q u ietn ess, 2. c alm n e ss, 3. n erv o u sn ess, 4. im pulsiveness, 5. m in d fu ln ess,
seriousness, 7. w eaknesses, 8. illness, 9. aw areness, 10. sadness.
6.
37.
People o f certain beliefs
and religion
People o f certain
occupation
People playing
musical instruments
racist
dentist
pianist
pacifist
scientist
guitarist
realist
econom ist
harpist
optim ist
biologist
violinist
pessimist
pharm acist
cellist
J
С
и
E
R
P
L
T
N
G
U
I
s
T
N
A
T
U
R
A
L
I
0
s
S
С
1
Verb
Adjective
dram atist
dram a
dram atise
dram atic
econom ist
econom y
econom ise
econom ic
terrorist
terro r
terrify
terrible
scientist
science
—
scientific
globalist
globalization
globalise
global
hum orist
h um our
—
hum orous
ecologist
ecology
—
ecological
4 0 .B.
S
I
T
S
P
7.
E
N
T
I
S
scientist
Noun (act, process)
T
L
N
T
I
science
Noun (occupation)
/
1
receptionist
40. A.
39. A.
0
reception
1. a — h u m o u r, b — h u m o u rist, 2. a — g u itarist, b — guitar, 3. a — b io lo g ist,
b — biology, 4. a — jo u rn a l, b — jo u rn a list, 5. a — realist, b — real.
1. c. c ele b r- 2. a. c o m p e tit- 3. c. d e fe n d - 4. c. fin a n c e - 5. d. im ig ra t-
E
physicist
psychologist
39. B.
38.
R
physics
psychology
| 153
1. n o u n , -a; 2. adjective, -d ; 3. n o u n , -b; 4. n o u n , -a; 5. n o u n , -b; 6. n o u n , -a;
ad jective, -c.
T
41.
7.
P
H
Y
S
I
С
I
s
T
s
Y
С
H
0
L
0
G
1
s
T
1. scien tist, 2. physicist, 3. a rtist, 4. c h e m ist, 5. n atu ra list, 6. arch aeo lo g ists,
biologists, 8. c h e m ists, 9. geologists, 10. psychologists, 11. eco n o m ists.
44.
1. c. cele b rity - 2. d. c o m fo rt- 3. c. h e lp - 4. a. d e fe n c e - 5. b. h o n o u r-
154
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
52.
45.
p
С
| 155
I
N O U N + ing
V ER B + ing
O ther parts o f speech + ing
A
О
E
nurse -> nursing
beat —>beating
short —> shorting
R
W
A
farm -> farm ing
face -> facing
fat —>fatting
D
flute —> fluting
eat —> eating
out -> outing
E
heat —>heating
speak —>speaking
w hite —> w hiting
T
1
z
E
N
M
L
E
N
S
H
1
p
/
E
M
в
E
R
s
H
I
R
p
R
S
S
S
H
H
К
H
I
p
I
N
s
H
I
p
L
E
R
M
E
E
1
p
p
с
53.
К .
s
H
I
p
T
I
N
G
и
R
p
A
в
I
R
N
E
A
T
I
N
I
D
I
N
G
Related words
Nouns ( -ship)
citizen
citizenship
ow ner
ow nership
partner
partnership
m em ber
m em bership
kin
kinship
clerk
clerkship
Related words
Nouns ( -ing)
leadership
m eet
m eeting
upbring
upbringing
leader
I
R
N
G
G
G
0
S
I
z
I
N
U
T
I
N
G
G
G
46.
M odel 1: ow n —» o w n er —> ow n ersh ip , listen —> listener - » listenership, lead ->
—» le a d e r -> leadership
M o d el 2: a ir - » a irm a n -> a irm a n sh ip , d ra fts - » d ra ftsm a n - » d ra fts m a n ­
ship, horse —» h o rse m a n —» h o rsem a n sh ip , states -> sta te sm a n —» sta te sm an sh ip ,
m a rk - » m ark sm a n —> m a rk sm a n sh ip , p en —> p e n m a n —» p e n m a n s h ip
eat
eating
train
training
out
outing
ride
riding
size
sizing
48.
1. frien d sh ip 2. re a d e r 3. a p p re n tic e sh ip 4. fellow 5. lead e rsh ip
51.
1. b. ta le n t- 2. a. sc a n d a l- 3. d. n erv o u s- 4. c. g u ilt- 5. b. essen c-
54.
B egin h > b eg in n in g - » b eginner, b u ild —> b u ild in g -> builder, sw im - » sw im ­
m in g - » sw im m er, te a c h -> te a c h in g - » te a c h e r, w rite - » w ritin g - y w riter
156
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
55.
1. tra in in g 2. speakin g 3. learn in g 4. m e e tin g 5. te a c h in g
Related words
Nouns (-ion)
possess
possession
fascinate
fascination
57.
State or act
Abstract noun
transform ation
accom m odation
interruption
intuition
Noun (act, process)
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
investigation
inform ation
expression
express
expressive
expressively
isolation
excursion
hum iliation
hum iliate
hum iliating
hum iliatingly
liberation
profession
im pression
im press
impressive
impressively
tradition
persuasion
persuade
persuasive
persuasively
resolution
resolve
resolute
resolutely
satisfaction
satisfy
satisfactory
satisfactorily
adm iration
adm ire
adm irable
adm iringly
confusion
confuse
confused
confusedly
co n tin u atio n
continue
continual
continually
calculation
61. A.
58.
1. d. p a in t- 2. b. p e rc e n t- 3. a. refresh - 4. c. tru st- 5. b. c o rre sp o n -
59.
D
С
0
R
R
R
E
С
т
I
0
N
E
X
P
A
N
s
I
0
E
с
A
и
P
T
0
s
s
61. B.
N
7.
E
s
0
N
A
T
S
I
0
1
0
N
s
1
0
D
| 157
I
R
E
С
т
N
1
0
F
A
S
с
1
N
N
1. n o u n , -a , 2. n o u n , -a , 3. adjective, -c , 4. n o u n , -a, 5. n o u n , -a 6. adverb, -d ,
n o u n , -a , 8. ad jectiv e, -c , 9. n o u n , -a.
62.
1. e m o tio n 2. ex p ressions 3. re a c tio n s 4. m o tiv a tio n 5. d istin c tio n 6. s itu a ­
tio n 7. in te rp re ta tio n 8. p e rc e p tio n . 9. fru stra tio n 10. d e p re ssio n 11. re a c tio n s
12. id en tifica tio n
64.
Quality
Action
Nouns ( -ion)
discordance
continuance
correct
correction
annoyance
clearance
create
creation
appearance
disturbance
discuss
discussion
endurance
dom inance
direct
direction
elegance
attendance
expand
expansion
Related words
158
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
68.
Quality
Action
im portance
m aintenance
ignorance
pursuance
im p o rta n c e , e n tra n c e , d iffe re n c e , in d e p e n d e n c e , in s u ra n c e , c o n fe re n c e ,
a m b u la n c e , ab se n c e , in sta n c e , a u d ie n c e , allow ance, in tellig en ce, assu ran ce, a p ­
p e a ra n c e , o b e d ie n c e , p resen ce
69.
65.
1. a. m ist- 2. d. lo u d - 3. d. like- 4. a. en larg - 5. c. in te n s- 6. a. h o stil- 7. b. fellow -
1. a tte n d a n c e 2. a n n o y an ce 3. a p p earan ce 4. p reference 5. o b ed ien c e 6. p re s­
e n ce.
70. A.
66.
A
P
E
С
| 159
0
R
R
R
E
S
A
P
V
P
О
S
F
E
I
1
E
A
D
N
D
E
С
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
0
dependence
depend
dependent
dependently
difference
differ
different
differently
F
correspondence
correspond
corresponding
correspondingly
I
confidence
confide
confident
confidently
assure
assured
assuredly
N
-
С
E
s
R
R
A
D
assurance
T
E
A
N
E
excellence
excel
excellent
excellently
A
N
N.
С
N
ignorance
ignore
ignorant
ignorantly
N
С
С
E
С
insistence
insist
insistent
insistently
E
С
E
M
A
E
obedience
obey
obedient
obediently
N
cooperation
cooperate
cooperative
cooperatively
E
I
N
T
E
N
A
Related words
Nouns ( -ence/ance)
persist
persistence
confident
confidence
refer
reference
correspond
correspondence
appear
appearance
avoid
avoidance
m aintain
m aintenance
С
E
70. B.
7.
1. n o u n , -a, 2. adjective, -c, 3. adverb, -d, 4. n o u n , -a, 5. n o u n , -a, 6. adjective, -c,
verb, -b , 8. ad jectiv e, -c , 9. n o u n , -a.
71.
6.
1. c o n fid e n c e , 2. im p o rta n c e , 3. c o m p e te n c ie s , 4. p re se n c e , 5. In siste n c e ,
av o id an c e , 7. b a la n c e , 8. d efe n c e , 9. to le ra n c e .
73.
S ta te, c o n d itio n o r q u ality
R esult o r p ro d u c t o f an a c tio n
P ro cess o r a c tio n
c o n te n tm e n t
am endm ent
e m p lo y m e n t
d isa p p o in tm e n t
a c h ie v em en t
g o v ern m en t
e x c ite m e n t
a p p o in tm e n t
m o v em en t
160
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
77. A.
74.
1. c. p ro d u c e - 2. d. falsificate- 3. c. e x p e c ta te - 4. d. e m e rg e - 5. a. d istrib u te -
6.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
75.
accom plishm ent
accom plish
accom plished
1. e n te rta in m e n t 2. en g ag em en t 3. refresh m en t 4. ag reem en t 5. im provem ent
accom panim ent
accom pany
accom panying
achievem ent
achieve
achievable
p u n ish m e n t
76.
agreem ent
agrep
agreeable
E
discouragem ent
discourage
discouraged
N
developm ent
develop
developed
S
G
en tertain m en t
entertain
entertaining
im provem ent
improve
improved
refreshm ent
refresh
refreshing
resentm ent
resent
resentful
E
1
M
J
P
T
A
и
L
A
G
D
I
A
S
p
P
0
I
N
M
T
E
G
Y
E
M
E
M
M
E
M
E
E
N
E
G
V
0
E
R
N
M
E
1
M
P
R
0
N
T
T
E
N
N
V
E
M
T
77. B.
7.
1. n o u n , -a , 2. verb, -b , 3. adjective, -c , 4. n o u n , -a, 5. verb, -b , 6. n o u n , -a ,
adjective, -c , 8. verb, -b , 9. verb, -b , 10. n o u n , -a.
78.
T
T
N
T
| 161
T
1. c o m m itm e n t 2. involvem ent 3. d isap p o in tm en t 4. im provem ent 5. achieve­
m e n t 6. d e v elo p m en t 7. assignm ents
80.
Related words
Nouns (-m ent)
state
statem ent
Abstract meaning
Personal qualities
disappoint
disappointm ent
density
curiosity
em ploy
em ploym ent
visibility
tim idity
engage
engagem ent
intensity
generosity
improve
im provem ent
diversity
hostility
govern
governm ent
flexibility
hospitality
judge
judgem ent
divisibility
musicality
legality
nobility
fragility
obesity
m entality
sincerity
necessity
severity
162
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
84. A.
81.
1. c. refresh - 2. d. m o n o to n - 3. b. d istu rb - 4. b. ill- 5. a. observ-
82.
P
R
S
0
P
s
E
s
0
M
p
L
S
E
T
X
A
1
в
T
1
Y
E
A
L
I
T
T
и
p
1
D
I
T
T
1
T
Y
possibly
generosity
generous
generously
individuality
individual
individually
7.
Y
Adverb
density
dense
densely
originality
original
originally
reliability
reliable
reliably
sensibility
sensible
sensibly
generality
generally
particular
particularly
confidentiality
confidential
confidentially
84. B.
Y
1. n o u n , -a, 2. adjective, -b, 3. adverb, -c, 4. adjective, -b, 5. n o u n , -a, 6. n o u n , -a,
ad jective, -b , 8. adverb, -c , 9. adjective, -b , 10. adjective, -b.
85.
Related words
Nouns (-ity)
possible
possibility
prosperous
prosperity
real
reality
stable
possible
general
Y
I
s
Adjective
possibility
particularity
R
L
1
R
Noun
О
Р
С
| 163
7.
1. q u a n tity 2. c o m m u n ity 3. vitality 4. p ro sp erity 5. cap a c ity 6. g en ero u sity
eq u ality
87.
stability
stupid
stupidity
com plex
com plexity
83.
NOUN+Y
VERB+Y
quirky
runny
misty
shiny
icy
jum py
funny
sleepy
sunny
chatty
P ro s p e ro u s -> p rosperity , g e n e ro u s -> g en ero sity , a u d a c io u s - » au d acity ,
cu rio u s - » curiosity, c o m m o d io u s —> com m o d ity .
A ccessib le -> accessib ility , c a p a b le - » cap ab ility , p o ssib le -> possibility,
stable - y stability, sensible - » sensibility.
Sensitive - » sensitivity, intensive -> intensity, creative —> creativity, negative ->
—> negativity, radioactive —> radioactivity.
88.
1. c. o rd e r- 2. d. o ffic- 3. c. h elp - 4. d .m o tiv a t- 5. a. insist-
164
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
89. B.
| 165
91.
- e —> -y
double consonant + -y
word + -y
Noun
Verb
Adjective
edgy
funny
chilly
sticker
stick
sticky
icy
nutty
sandy
ju m p e r
jum p
jum py
shiny
runny
silky
sm oker
sm oke
sm oky
lazy
sunny
airy
sleeper
sleep
sleepy
sm oky
foggy
chewy
duster
dust
dusty
sparkler
sparkle
sparkly
ru n n er
run
runny
90.
F
N
*
О
W
S
T
С
A
I
T
T
H
Y
С
К
Y
J
U
I
С
1. ad je c tiv e , -c , 2. n o u n , -a , 3. ad jec tiv e, -c , 4. verb, -b , 5. ad jec tiv e, -c ,
L
s
I
B.
I
6.
n o u n , -a , 7. ad jective, -c.
Y
92.
1. su n n y 2. foggy 3. w indy 4. clo u d y 5. breezy 6. rainy
94.
Y
R
fu ll o f or characterized by
able or tending to
R
L
painful
helpful
Y
Y
restful
useful
spiteful
boastful
Related words
Nouns/Verbs ( -y)
stick
sticky
95.
curie
curly
1. c. fa sh io n - 2. d. e x h a u st- 3. c. d e p e n d - 4. d. d a n g e r- 5. a. c re a te -
scare
scary
noise
noisy
wit
w itty
juice
juicy
filth
filthy
166
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
96.
97. B.
P
U
R
P
0
S
E
F
U
F
6. n o u n , -a.
С
H
E
E
R
F
U
L
L
A
V
0
U
R
F
U
0
M
R
E
G
F
E
U
T
L
F
E
A
1. n o u n , -a , 2. a d jec tiv e, -c , 3. ad jectiv e, -c , 4. ad jectiv e, -c , 5. n o u n , -a ,
L
S
98.
1. u sefu l, 2. h e lp fu l, 3. c h e e rfu l, 4. re sp e c tfu l, 5. th o u g h tfu l, 6. c a re fu l,
L
7. faith fu l, 8. th a n k fu l, 9. b eautiful.
100. A
S
E
F
U
R
F
U
L
L
The suffix -less means "without"
The suffix -less means "not able to do
something" or "not able to be done,
performed, etc."
childless
resistless
U
L
97.
| 167
Related words
Adjective (-ful)
flavour
flavourful
purpose
purposeful
cheer
cheerful
forget
forgetful
sham e
sham eful
fear
fearful
use
useful
A.
peerless
tireless
m atchless
dauntless
speechless
countless
jobless
sleepless
101.
1. c. fa m e - 2. d. foggi- 3. c. easi- 4. d. fat- 5. a. e v id en t-
102.
D
E
P
0
N
A
M
E
L
S
0
U
D
L
E
S
S
T
I
В
A
N
T
I
G
H
T
N
E
S
S
L
E
S
L
w
E
Noun
Verb
Adjective
I
T
в
S
beauty
beautify
beautiful
N
L
E
S
hatred
hate
hateful
L
E
s
help
help
helpful
E
S
s
doubt
doubt
doubtful
S
S
resentm ent
resent
resentful
S
thought
think
thoughtful
S
168
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
,
Related words
Adjective (-less)
sound
soundless
nam e
nameless
doubt
doubtless
stain
stainless
weight
weightless
end
endless
point
pointless
| 169
108.
0
P
T
I
0
A
с
T
E
H
S
G
A
L
Y
Y
N
E
M
M
I
N
С
S
A
103. B.
1. A. helpless B. help fu l 2. A. h o p e le ss B. h o p efu l 3. A. carefu l B. careless
4. A. faith less B. faith fu l 5. A. p o w erfu l B. p ow erless 6. A. ta steless B. ta ste fu l
7. A. useful B. useless
A
T
I
В
С
I
о
С
L
S
T
R
A
T
E
G
I
T
R
U
I
S
T
1
С
I
С
105. A.
Related words
Adjective (-ic)
optim ist
optim istic
athlete
athletic
gymnast
gym nastic
strategy
strategic
107.
altruist
altruistic
1. c. leg en d - 2. d. lo ca l- 3. c. e le m e n t- 4. d. sa lt- 5. a. tru th -
ocean
oceanic
symbol
sym bolic
having the
character or
form o f
related to
panoram ic
enthusiastic
in the m anner
of
tending to
produce
containing
symbolic
Byronic
analgesic
alcoholic
econom ic
N apoleonic
sceptical
arom atic
109. A.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
apology
apologize
apologetic
autom ation
autom ate
autom atic
publicity
publish
public
symbol
sym bolize
sym bolic
system
system atize
system atic
sym pathy
sym pathize
sym pathetic
с
170
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
109. B.
| 171
114.
1. ad jectiv e, -c , 2. ad jec tiv e , -c , 3. verb, -b , 4. n o u n , -a , 5. a d jec tiv e, -c ,
6. adjective, -c.
1. c. J a p a n - 2. d. S p a n - 3. c. C h in - 4. d. T u rk - 5. a. F re n -
115.
110.
E
1. realistic 2. p rag m atic 3. e n th u sia stic 4. o p tim istic 5. sy stem atic 6. specific
7. basic
U
A
112.
M odel 1
M odel 2
A lbania —» A lbanian
A rm enia —> A rm enian
A ustralia —>A ustralian
A ustria —» Austrian
Belgium -» Belgian
Brazil -> Brazilian
C anada —> C anadian
H u n g ary —» H ungarian
India —» Indian
Italy —» Italian
M ongolia —> M ongolian
Russia -» Russian
U kraine —» U krainian
G erm an y —> G erm an
Jam aica —» Jam aican
M exico —> M exican
M orocco —> M oroccan
N icaragua —> N icaraguan
Africa -> African
Venezuela —» Venezuelan
R
A
В
I
A
N
0
R
В
U
L
G
A
R
I
A
N
s
E
G
Y
P
T
I
113.
A
N
N
I
N
P
E
s
A
R
M
E
R
I
С
A
N
A
U
S
T
R
A
L
1
A
Related words
Adjectives (-an, -ian)
Bulgaria
Bulgarian
Russia
Russian
A m erica
A m erican
Arabia
Arabian
Egypt
Egyptian
Words mean "pertaining to "
Words mean "native o f "
Europe
European
historian
M exican
Australia
A ustralian
technician
G erm an
electrician
African
librarian
Indian
com edian
Jam aican
politician
C anadian
veterinarian
H ungarian
guardian
A ustrian
m athem atician
A ustralian
N
116.
1. G e rm a n , 2. Italian , 3. R o m an ian , 4. R ussian, 5. U k ra in ia n , 6. B elarusian,
7. S lovenian, 8. S erb ian, 9. C ro a tia n , 10. M a c e d o n ia n , 11. B ulgarian, 12. A rm e ­
n ia n , 13. G e o rg ian .
r
118.
Positive meaning
Negative meaning
am azing
upsetting
am using
threatening
172
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
| 173
Positive meaning
Negative meaning
satisfy
satisfying
satisfaction
entertaining
tiring
frustrate
frustrating
frustration
encourage
encouraging
encouragem ent
excite
exciting
excitem ent
disappoint
disappointing
disappointm ent
discourage
discouraging
discouragem ent
em barrass
em barrassing
em barrassm ent
entertain
entertaining
entertainm ent
challenging
puzzling
M odel 3:
charm ing
shocking
convincing
disturbing
encouraging
confusing
fascinating
irritating
exciting
annoying
119.
1. c. d is ta n c e -, 2. d. d a n g e r-, 3. a. a m b itio n -, 4, d. a b se n c e -, 5. d. th irst-.
121 .
120.
D
M ode! 1:
I
charm
charm ing
charm
interest
interesting
interest
relieve
relieving
relief
thrill
thrilling
thrill
alarm
alarm ing
alarm
disgust
disgusting
disgust
frighten
frightening
fright
shock
shocking
shock
terrify
terrifying
terror
horrify
horrifying
h orror
С
О
R
Е
S
1
С
S
E
N
т
Е
R
Т
А
С
0
N
F
и
S
I
С
1
N
R
Е
Р
А
R
О
G
Е
N
I
N
G
N
Т
G
I
1
N
convince
convincing
conviction
G
e x h a u s t'
exhausting
exhaustion
fascinate
fascinating
fascination
Т
I
N
S
1
captivation
relaxation
D
Р
captivating
relaxing
N
Т
Т
X
О
I
и
captivate
relax
Р
А
Е
M odel 2:
R
D
N
G
G
N
G
Related words
Adjectives ( -ing)
correspond
corresponding
entertain
entertaining
G
174 1
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
| 175
127.
Related words
Adjectives ( -ing)
discourage
discouraging
disappoint
disappointing
interest
interesting
excite
exciting
confuse
confusing
R
D
A
N
G
E
R
О
U
S'
A
M
В
1
T
I
0
U
s
H
E
L
и
U
X
U
R
1
0
и
L
A
R
1
0
и
s
s
M
L
122.
H
A.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
correspondence
correspond
corresponding
conviction
convince
convincing
discouragem ent
discourage
discouraging
deafness
deafen
deafening
depression
depress
depressing
developm ent
develop
developing
disappointm ent
disappoint
disappointing
em barrassm ent
em barrass
em barrassing
entertainm ent
entertain
entertaining
hum iliation
hum iliate
hum iliating
leadership
lead
leading
threat
threaten
threatening
122. B.
1. verb, -b , 2. ad jectiv e, -c , 3. a d jec tiv e, -c , 4. ad je c tiv e , -c , 5. n o u n , -a ,
6. verb, -b, 7. n o u n , -a, 8. adjective, -c , 9. n o u n , -a , 10. adjective, -c , 11. n o u n , -a,
12. a d je c tiv e ,-c .
123.
1
0
R
о
0
s
U
P
E
R
S
T
1
T
I
0
s
128.
и
s
Related words
Adjectives ( -ous)
danger
dangerous
rebel
i rebellious
superstition
superstitious
hilarity
hilarious
luxury
luxurious
hu m or
hum orous
am bition
am bitious
A.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
caution
cautious
cautiously
anxiety
anxious
anxiously
am bition
am bitious
am bitiously
consciousness
conscious
consciously
1.c o n v in cin g , 2. co rre sp o n d in g , 3. e n te rta in in g , 4. c h a rm in g , 5. in terestin g .
courage
courageous
courageously
126.
danger
dangerous
dangerously
generosity
generous
generously
jealousy
jealous
jealously
1. c. th o u g h t- 2. d. skill- 3. c. sc ie n t- 4. d. re a so n - 5. a. p ersist -
s
176
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
Noun
Verb
Adjective
М одель 2.
luxury
luxurious
luxuriously
regret
—>
m iracle
m iraculous
m iraculously
128. B.
1. ad jec tiv e, -b , 2. ad v e rb , -c , 3. n o u n , -a , 4. a d jec tiv e , -b , 5. n o u n , -a ,
6. adverb, -c , 7. n o u n , -a , 8. adjective, -b , 9. adjective, -b , 10: n o u n , -a.
6.
transm it
—>
transm ittable
control
—>
controllable
stop
—>
stoppable
forget
—>
forgettable
«
A
D
lious.
c.
С
о
Adjectives mean "suitable fo r"
Adjectives mean "able to"
enjoyable
com fortable
readable
reasonable
digestible
variable
A
washable
admissible
В
drinkable
com patible
L
133.
1. c. p erio d - 2. d .n u m b e r- 3. c. m u rd e r- 4. d. h u m o u r- 5. a. disg race-
regrettable
135.
129.
1. in d u strio u s, 2. tre m e n d o u s, 3. h u m o ro u s, 4. c o n sc ie n tio u s, 5. g en ero u s,
serio u s, 7. g racio u s, 8. te n a c io u s, 9. g e n e ro u s, 10. c o n sc ie n tio u s, 11. re b e l­
132.
| 177
N
К
A
В
Л
E
B
L
P
R
E
H
E
N
S
I
V
A
L
u
A
В
L
E
В
L
E
N
В
т
L
E
1
0
M
и
T
R
E
E
L
1
E
V
A
R
R
1
В
L
E
Related words
Nouns (-able/-ible)
134.
drink
drinkable
M odel I.
count
countable
believable
irreplace
—>
irreplaceable
believe
peace
-> .
peaceable
adore
notice
—»
noticeable
com prehend
com prehensible
replace
—>
replaceable
value
valuable
service
—>
serviceable
terror
terrible
m anage
—»
manageable
knowledge
—>
knowledgeable
change
—>
changeable
I
adorable
E
178
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
136.
| 179
141.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
achievem ent
achieve
achievable
adm iration
adm ire
adm irable
belief
believe
believable
consideration
consider
considerable
forgiveness
forgive
forgivable
responsibility
respond
responsible
com parison
com pare
com parable
excitem ent
excite
excitable
adaptation
adapt
adaptable
com prehension
com prehend
com prehensible
P
R
0
G
R
E
s
s
I
V
E
E
L
E
G
1
S
M
M
U
N
I
L
G
A
T
1
V
E
С
О
С
N
A
T
V
E
1
V
T
С
О
R
M
P
E
L
A
A
R
T
A
T
V
1
I
E
E
R
A
V
T
E
I
V
E
136. B.
Related words
Adjective (-ive)
select
selective
legislate
legislative
1. n o u n , -a, 2. adjective, -c , 3. verb, -b , 4. adjective, -c , 5. n o u n , -a , 6. ad je c ­
tive, -c , 7. verb, -b , 8. ad jective, -c , 9. adjective, -c , 10. ad jective, -c.
137.
progress
progressive
com pare
com parative
com m unicate
com m unicative
relate
relative
generate
generative
1. visible 2. valuable 3. n o ta b le 4. possible 5. reaso n ab le 6. read ab le 7. su it­
able
140.
1. c. g u ilt- 2. d. in sist- 3. c. p a re n t- 4 . d. re se n t- 5. a. ta le n t-
142.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
appreciation
appreciate
appreciative
selection
select
selective
com petition
com pete
com petitive
conclusion ■
conclude
conclusive
destruction
destruct
destructive
indication
indicate
indicative
inclusion
include
inclusive
180
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
148. C.
Noun
Verb
Adjective
offence
offend
offensive
sim ple —> simply
easy - y easily
persuasion
persuade
persuasive
true - v truly
noisy - y noisily
com m unication
co m m unicate
com m unicative
autom atic - y autom atically
angry - y angrily
full
142. B.
1. adjective, -c, 2. n o u n , -a , 3. n o u n , -a, 4. adjective, -c , 5. n o u n , -a, 6. verb, -b,
7.
| 181
fully
crazy -> crazily
due - y duly
guilty —> guiltily
acrobatic -> acrobatically
n o u n , -a , 8. adjective, -c , 9. ad jective, -c , 10. ad jectiv e, -c.
gloom y
gloomily
ironic —> ironically
exotic - » exotically
dull -» dully
doubtful - y doubtfully
successful - y successfully
powerful -> powerfully
143.
1. active 2. effective 3. creative 4. passive 5. sensitive 6. aggressive
145. A.
Noun + -ly
Adjective + -ly
gentlem anly
silently
kingly
happily
149.
D
widely
m anly
P
R
A
D
E
N
H
S
u
cruelly
m inutely
cheerfully
N
scholarly
rapidly
G
saintly
badly
R
quickly
1
L
yearly
loudly
L
Y
secondly
naturally
Y
daily
briefly
patiently
once a ...
weekly
I
С
A
L
Y
G
R
A
С
T
E
F
U
L
H
A
Y
F
U
\
L
L
N
К
F
U
L
L
sudden
suddenly
angry
angrily
cowardly
graceful
gracefully
hungrily
loudly
daily
friendly
proudly
m onthly
ghostly
doubtful
doubtfully
softly
nightly
hom ely
practical
practically
kingly
thankful
thankfully
m inutely
L
1
T
0
В
hungry
bravely
Y
G
Adverbs ( -ly)
like a ...
L
U
L
Related words
146. B.
in a ... m anner
T
A
D
m asterly
cowardly
С
Y
Y
182
I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
5. To assem ble again
150. A.
Noun
(concrete
meaning)
Noun
(abstract
meaning)
Verb
believer
b elief
believe
believable
believably
beautician
beauty
beautify
beautiful
beautifully
creator
creation
create
creative
creatively
critic
criticism
criticize
critical
critically
doubter
doubt
doubt
doubtful
doubtfully
equal
equality
equalize
equal
equally
financier
finance
finance
financial
financially
Adjective
Adverb
150. B.
1. ad jectiv e, -d , 2. ad v erb , -e , 3. ad v erb , -e , 4. n o u n , -b , 5. a d jec tiv e, -c ,
6. adverb, -d , 7. adjective, -d.
reassemble
6. To heat again
-»
reheat
7. To apply again
->
reapply
8. To type again
-»
retype
156.
1. To break the connection o f sm th
-»
To disconnect
2. To consider unpleasant o r disagreeable
—»
To dislike
3. To change o r cause to change in colour
—>
To discolour
4. To w ithhold approval from
—»
To disapprove
5. To neglect o r refuse to obey
—>
To disobey
6. To regard as dishonest
—>
To distrust
7. To reject as false or lying; refuse to accept as
true o r truthful
—r
To disbelieve
159.
151.
1.
—»
| 183
properly, 2. safely, 3. absolutely, 4. equally, 5. occasionally, 6. sim u lta n e ­
ously, 7. evidently, 8. exactly
152.
Prejix re- indicates return to a previous
condition (restoration, withdrawal)
Prefix re- indicates repetition o f an
action
recolour
regain
rebuild
recopy
renew
rem arry
retrace
reread
reunite
resell
153.
1. To discover again
->
2. To build again
—»
3. To w rite again
-»
4. To appear again
->
1. To use wrongly
—>
To misuse
2. To m atch badly
—>
To m ism atch
3. To fail to understand properly
—»
To m isunderstand
4. To lead o r guide in the w rong direction
—»
To mislead
5. To fail to h ear correctly
—»
To m ishear
—»
To misbehave
' -»
To m isinform
6. To behave (oneself) badly
7. To give incorrect inform ation to
161.
Prefix inter- means
"between or am ong”
Prefix inter- means
"together, m utually or reciprocally"
intervocalic
interdependent
interracial
interchangeable
____________ rebuild
intercontinental
interactive
____________ rewrite
intergalactic
international
rediscover
reappear
184 I
Answer Keys
Answer Keys
| 185
162.
1. in te rn a tio n a l 2. in te rra c ial 3. in te ra to m ic 4. in te rp e rso n a l 5. in terg alactic
6.
B 11 com plications, B12 education, B13 Italian, В 14 significant, В 15 arrangem ents,
В 16 preferable
in te rc o n tin e n ta l
164.
№6
Noun
Adjective
Verb
Adverb
unhappiness
unbelievable
undo
unexpectedly
unsym m etry
unkind
unpack
unwillingly
unsteadiness
unreliable
unw ater
unsuccessfully
unsafety
undrinkable
unvoice
unrestrictedly
unreliability
unforgettable
unpark
unnaturally
B ll observations, В 12 m otionless, B13 developm ent, В 14 m easurem ents,
B15 m ovem ent, В 16 accurately
№7
B ll invention, B12 powerful, B13 practical, B14 clearly , В 15 carefully,
В 16 am azem ent
№8
B 1 1 cheerful, B12 sadly, B13 silently, B14 pleasure, B15 gladly, B16 regretfully
165.
7.
№9
r
1. u n m u s ic a l 2. u n lu c k y 3. u n lo c k e d 4. u n lim ite d 5. u n lik e 6. u n k n o w n
u n frien d ly 8. u n k in d 9. u n fo rtu n a te 10. u n fair
B 1 1 readers, B12 quietly, B13 com fortable, В 14 pleasant, B15 thoughtful,
В 16 expression
'
168.
1. in c o n s id e ra te 2. in c o o rd in a tio n 3. in c o rre c t 4. in c u lp a b le 5. in d ecisiv e
6. in d e p e n d e n c e 7. in d istin ctiv e 8. im p ru d e n t 9. im p recise 10. im possible >
№
10
B ll com parative, B 12tem porarily, B13 suddenly, B14 irritable, B15 sensible,
B16recognized
№ 11_______________________________
B ll m u ltiplication, B12 enorm ously, B13 carefully, B14 w onderful, B15 slightly,
B16 statem ent
Word formation practice
№ 12
№ 1 _____________________________
B ll co n tin en tal, B12 populous, B13 surrounding, B14 respective, B15 political,
B16 glacial
B ll wildly, B12 brilliance, B13 exactly, B14 normally, B15 dangerous,
В 16 sym pathetic
_________________________________ № 13__________________________________
№2
_
B ll international, B12 different, B13 celebrations, В 14 political, В 15 original,
B16 simply_____________________________ ___________________________
_________________________________ № 3 __________________________________
B ll invitation, B12 opportunity, В 13 personality, В 14 adventurous,
B15 preferences, В 16 atten tio n __________________________________________ _
№4
B ll anger, B12 sadness, B13 dullness, В 1 4 constantly, B15 spontaneous,
В 16 exactly____________________________ ________________________________ ____
B ll awareness, B12 surveyor, B13 scientific, B14 secretive, B15 creatures,
В 16 excellent
'
№ 14
B ll chem ical, B 12gaseous, B13 central, B 14conversion, B15 reactions,
В 16 effective
№ 15
B 11 m echanical, B12 developm ent, B13 essential, B14 electrical, B15 safety,
В 16 easily