Английский язык - Вечерняя (сменная) общеобразовательная

МОУ «Вечерняя (сменная) общеобразовательная школа № 1»
Методическое объединение учителей иностранных языков
Рабочая программа по курсу
«Английский язык»
за курс 10, 11 и 12 классов
(содержание программы,
тематическое планирование,
задания к зачету)
Пономаренко Светлана Валентиновна,
учитель английского языка
Псков
2008
2
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА ..................................................................................................................... 3
КРИТЕРИИ ОЦЕНИВАНИЯ УСТНОГО ОТВЕТА ................................................................................... 5
КРИТЕРИИ ОЦЕНКИ ТЕСТА ........................................................................................................................ 7
ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К ЗНАНИЯМ И УМЕНИЯМ............................................................................................... 7
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 10 КЛАСС .................................................................................... 9
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 11 КЛАСС .................................................................................... 9
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 12 КЛАСС .................................................................................... 9
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ................................................................................................................... 10
10 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 10
11 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 12
12 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 14
ТЕМЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОГО ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ............................................................................... 20
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ............................................................................................................ 21
THE ARTICLE (АРТИКЛЬ) ................................................................................................................. 21
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ВРЕМЕН ............................................................................................................ 22
СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН ........................................................................................................... 22
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К ЗАНЯТИЯМ ......................................................................... 24
10 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 24
11 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 31
12 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 35
РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ ТЕМЫ ................................................................................................................................. 37
10 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 37
11 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 42
12 КЛАСС........................................................................................................................................... 43
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ............................................................................................................... 52
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 1. .......................................................................................................... 52
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 2. .......................................................................................................... 52
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 3. .......................................................................................................... 53
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 4. .......................................................................................................... 54
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 5. .......................................................................................................... 55
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 6. .......................................................................................................... 57
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 7. .......................................................................................................... 58
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА 8. .......................................................................................................... 60
ЗАЧЕТНЫЕ РАБОТЫ .................................................................................................................................... 61
ЗАЧЕТ 1. ............................................................................................................................................... 61
ЗАЧЕТ 2. ............................................................................................................................................... 64
ЗАЧЕТ 3. ............................................................................................................................................... 67
ЗАЧЕТ 4. ............................................................................................................................................... 68
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ .............................................................................................................................. 71
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ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА
Программа по английскому языку для учащихся групп экстерната составлена на
основе федерального компонента государственного стандарта о среднем (полном)
образовании. Рабочая программа включает в себя пояснительную записку, тематическое
планирование, краткое содержание занятий, требования к уровню подготовки
выпускников, контрольно-измерительные материалы, грамматический материал,
разговорные темы, список литературы.
Данная программа составлена для групп репетиторства и экстерната, где
обучаются работающие, семейные и те, которым для карьерного роста необходимо
полное среднее образование. В группах экстерната много военнослужащих по контракту,
молодых мам, лиц для которых работа связана с длительными командировками. На
данную форму обучения принимаются граждане со средним общим образованием с 18
лет, согласно Положению о получении общего образования в форме экстерната. В
настоящее время в группах обучаются лица от 18 лет до 35 лет.
Преподавание иностранного языка в вечерней (сменной) школе преследует цель
заложить основы практического владения иностранным языком на базовом уровне.
Программа установочных занятий по иностранному языку в Х-ХII классах
вечерней (сменной) школы составлена с учетом предшествующего усвоения учащимися
курса иностранного языка в основной школе. В основе Рабочей программы лежит
Программа для общеобразовательных школ (базовый уровень).
Изучение иностранного языка осуществляется в виде модуля: количество часов:
по 10 часов в 10 и 11 классах и 36 часов – 12 класс. Модуль проходит в течение 2
месяцев.
Обучение иностранному языку в вечерней школе в условиях ограниченного
внешкольного времени у учащихся групп экстерната происходит, прежде всего, на
групповых и индивидуальных консультациях, а также за счет самостоятельного изучения
материала, состоящего из выполнения разнообразных устных и письменных упражнений
на иностранном языке, что проверяется во время сдачи зачета в виде дополнительных
вопросов.
В целях интенсификации учебного процесса при дифференцированном подходе к
каждому учащемуся широко используются наглядные дидактические материалы, игры.
Организация учебного процесса имеет ярко выраженную речевую направленность:
применение приемов и методов, активизирующих мыслительную деятельность учащихся
и развивающих их память и внимание; установление рационального соотношения между
различными видами речевой деятельности (устной речью, чтением и письмом) в
зависимости от характера учебного материала и решаемых задач; максимальное
использование различных видов дидактических материалов.
Методы применяемые при изучении модуля: выделение основной мысли текста,
составление вопросов к тексту и ответов на них, выполнение тестовых заданий для
проверки понимания, работа над лексикой, заполнение пропусков, составление диаграмм
– опорных конспектов, аудирование, работа со словарем, составление диалогов,
монологических высказываний, групповая работа.
Обучение иностранным языкам в вечерней (сменной)
школе направлено на
комплексную реализацию практической, воспитательной, образовательной и
развивающей целей.
Воспитательная:
 формирование уважения к языку и культуре носителей языка;
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 воспитание коммуникативно-речевого такта, коммуникабельности в общении со
сверстниками и взрослыми;
 воспитание активности в решении коммуникативных и познавательно-поисковых
задач;
 приобщение к самостоятельному выполнению заданий, работе со справочной
литературой, зарубежными источниками информации.
Образовательная:
 ознакомление со стилем и образом жизни зарубежных сверстников;
 формирование готовности к осмыслению социокультурных особенностей страны
изучаемого языка;
 культуроведческое обогащение за счет сведений о культурных ценностях и
культурной жизни народов стран изучаемого языка;
 приобщение к активному участию в диалоге культур.
Развивающая:
 развитие языковых способностей и устойчивого интереса к изучению немецкого
языка;
 развитие потребности в самообразовании;
 развитие интеллектуальных способностей (память, мышление, воля, эмоции и т.д.);
 развитие общеучебных умений (работа с учебником, сборником упражнений,
книгой для чтения, справочной литературой, словарем).
Практическая:
 формирование коммуникативных умений и речевых навыков, обеспечивающих
познавательно-коммуникативные потребности учащихся старших классов;
 обучение иноязычному общению в контексте диалога культур;
 обучение этике дискуссионного общения и этике межличностного общения;
 формирование умений анализировать и сравнивать сведения и факты родной и
иноязычной культуры.
Воспитательная, образовательная и развивающая цели решаются в процессе практического овладения учащимися иностранным языком.
Практическая цель заключается в обучении учащихся вечерней школы общению на
иностранном языке, которое должно складываться из овладения следующими видами
иноязычной речевой деятельности: аудирования, говорения (устная речь) и чтения,
причем чтение и устная речь имеют одинаковое значение в курсе обучения
иностранному языку в вечерней школе. Письмо используется в качестве средства
обучения языку и должно способствовать овладению другими видами речевой
деятельности. В программе представлены единые по всем иностранным языкам требования к практическому владению учащимися X, XI и XII классов каждым видом речевой
деятельности.
Весь курс иностранного языка в вечерней школе предусматривает непрерывное
развитие в каждом классе умений и навыков. В связи с перерывом в обучении у
большинства учащихся, поступающих в вечернюю школу, изучение иностранного языка
в X классе должно начинаться с повторительно-коррективного курса,
продолжительность которого с учетом конкретной подготовки учащихся может
колебаться от одного часа до трех в 10 классе.
Овладение аудированием в вечерней школе предполагает полное понимание
учащимися иноязычной речи в записи и в предъявлении учителя, построенной на
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программном языковом материале, звучащей в нормальном темпе, а также понимание
общего смысла речи, содержащей небольшое число незнакомых слов.
К концу обучения в вечерней школе владение учащимися устной речью должно
достигать уровня, обеспечивающего в процессе общения употребление в новых
ситуациях лексико-грамматического материала, предназначенного для активного
владения.
Учащиеся должны уметь самостоятельно читать несложные тексты из
общественно-политической и научно-популярной литературы, применяя различные виды
чтения: чтение-поиск с целью нахождения нужной информации, чтение текстов с
охватом их общего содержания или чтение с извлечением полной информации из текста.
В зависимости от подготовки по языку, сложности языкового материала и объема
извлекаемой при чтении информации учащиеся читают тексты со словарем или без
словаря. Достижение целей в области чтения связано с необходимостью ознакомления
учащихся с рядом характерных для книжно-письменного стиля речи языковых явлений,
которыми учащиеся должны овладеть на уровне понимания в письменной речи.
Языковой материал представлен в рабочей программе по установочным занятиям.
При этом особо выделяется грамматический материал девятилетней школы, который
подлежит обязательному повторению и предназначен для активного использования в
устной речи во всех классах, а также новый грамматический материал, изучаемый в
каждом классе вечерней школы и предназначен для пассивного владения-понимания в
процессе чтения и аудирования.
Аттестация обучающихся за курс «Немецкого языка» 10-12 классов подразделяется
на рубежную (промежуточную) (за курс 10-11 классов) и текущую и рубежную (за курс
12 класса). Аттестация проводится в форме зачета (всего за курс 4 зачета). Зачет состоит
из:
 Конспектов по темам самостоятельного обучения
 Устный ответ по одной из разговорных тем (на выбор учителя)
 Лексико-грамматический тест
 Текущие самостоятельные работы
Разговорные темы и тесты к зачетам составлены в соответствии с темами
Программы, вопросами для устного экзамена по дисциплине и в соответствии с
«Требованиями к уровню подготовки выпускников»
КРИТЕРИИ ОЦЕНИВАНИЯ УСТНОГО ОТВЕТА
Отметка
«5»
«4»
Монолог-рассуждение
Характеристика ответа
Учащийся логично строит монологическое высказывание в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей в заданном объеме;
демонстрирует
умение рассуждать о фактах/событиях, приводит
примеры и аргументы. Употребляет грамматические
структуры и
лексические единицы в соответствии с коммуникативной, задачей; не
допускает фонематических ошибок
Учащийся логично строит монологическое высказывание в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей, но объем высказывания
менее заданного, есть повторы; демонстрирует умение рассуждать о
фактах/событиях, старается приводить примеры и аргументы. Употребляет
грамматические структуры и лексические единицы в соответствии с
6
«3»
«2»
«5»
«4»
коммуникативной, задачей; не допускает фонематических ошибок
Учащийся логично строит монологическое высказывание в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей в заданном объеме;
демонстрирует умение рассуждать о фактах/событиях, старается
приводить примеры и аргументы. В основном употребляет
грамматические структуры и лексические единицы в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей (допустил 2-3 ошибки в употреблении
лексики, 2-3 ошибки в разных разделах грамматики); не допускает
фонематических ошибок
Учащийся логично строит монологическое высказывание в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей, но объем высказывания
менее заданного, есть повторы; демонстрирует умение рассуждать о
фактах/событиях, старается приводить примеры и аргументы
(допустил 4-5 ошибок в употреблении лексики, 4-5 ошибок и
разных разделах грамматики); допустил 1-2 фонематические
ошибки
Учащийся не вполне логично строит монологическое высказывание,
уходит от темы или пытается подменить ее другой, которой владеет
лучше, но старается приводить примеры и аргументы. В основном
употребляет грамматические структуры и лексические единицы в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей (допустил 2-3 ошибки в
употреблении лексики, 2-3 ошибки в разных разделах грамматики);
допустил одну фонематическую ошибку
Учащийся не понял основное содержание текста и не может его
изложить.
На
заданные
экзаменатором
вопросы
ответил
неудовлетворительно
Учащийся понял отдельные детали, но не может связно изложить
основное содержание текста. На заданные экзаменатором
вопросы ответил неудовлетворительно
Беседа по предложенной проблеме
Учащийся логично строит диалогическое общение в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей в заданном объеме; демонстрирует умение
осуществлять запрос информации, обращаться за разъяснениями,
выражать свое мнение по обсуждаемой теме. Употребляет
грамматические структуры и лексические единицы в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей; не допускает фонематических ошибок
Учащийся логично строит диалогическое общение в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей, но объем высказывания менее заданного,
есть повторы; демонстрирует умение осуществлять запрос
информации, обращаться за разъяснениями, выражать свое мнение по
обсуждаемой теме. Употребляет грамматические структуры и
лексические единицы в соответствии с коммуникативной задачей;
не допускает фонематических ошибок
Учащийся логично строит диалогическое общение в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей в заданном объеме; демонстрирует умение
осуществлять запрос информации, обращаться за разъяснениями,
7
выражать свое мнение по обсуждаемой' теме.
В основном
употребляет грамматические структуры и лексические единицы в
соответствии с коммуникативной задачей (допустил 2-3 ошибки в
употреблении лексики, 2-3 ошибки в разных разделах грамматики),
не допускает фонематических ошибок
«3»
«2»
Учащийся логично строит диалогическое общение в соответствии с
коммуникативной задачей, но объем высказывания менее заданного,
есть повторы; демонстрирует умение осуществлять запрос
информации, обращаться за разъяснениями, но затрудняется
сформулировать
свое мнение по обсуждаемой теме; использует
ограниченный словарный запас и элементарные
грамматические
структуры (допустил 4—5 ошибок в употреблении лексики, 45
ошибок
в
разных
разделах
грамматики); допустил 1-2
фонематические ошибки
Учащийся не вполне логично строит диалогическое общение, уходит
от темы или пытается подменить ее другой, которой владеет лучше;
затрудняется осуществлять запрос информации, обращаться за
разъяснениями, а также формулировать свое мнение по обсуждаемой
теме (допустил 2-3 ошибки в употреблении лексики, 2-3 ошибки в
разных разделах грамматики); допустил одну фонематическую
ошибку
Учащийся не понял формулировки задания и его коммуникативной
задачи. Его речь представляет собой грамматически не оформленный
набор слов
Учащийся пытается подменить диалог монологом, не умеет
строить диалогическое общение, осуществлять запрос информации,
обращаться за разъяснениями, не может сформулировать свое
мнение по обсуждаемой теме. На попытки экзаменатора выстроить
диалог не откликается
КРИТЕРИИ ОЦЕНКИ ТЕСТА
Каждый правильный ответ оценивается в 1 балл.
Отметка «отлично» ставится, если правильно выполнено 86% - 100% теста
Отметка «хорошо» ставится, если правильно выполнено 71% - 85% теста
Отметка «удовлетворительно» ставится, если правильно выполнено 55% - 70% теста
ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К ЗНАНИЯМ И УМЕНИЯМ
В результате обучения на старшем этапе общего среднего (полного) образования
учащиеся должны уметь:
Чтение
давать интерпретацию прочитанного текста с опорой на вопросы; на основе
содержания прочитанного текста высказать свое мнение о возможном его продолжении,
обсуждать проблемы, поднятые в прочитанном тексте, извлекая при этом аргументы из
текста; использовать при чтении лингвострановедческий комментарий.
Говорение
8
Диалогическая речь
принимать участие в групповой дискуссии, выражая собственное мнение по
поводу прочитанной или услышанной информации; вести диалог с использованием
информации из прочитанных текстов, опираясь на свой жизненный опыт.
Монологическая речь
кратко передать содержание прочитанного или услышанного текста; строить
собственное высказывание на основе текста-образца; строить самостоятельное
монологическое высказывание в рамках основных коммуникативных типов речи
(описание, по средства, обеспечивающие связность высказывания, лексическое
разнообразие, эмоциональность; осуществлять компенсаторные стратегии (использовать
синонимику, перифраз, язык жестов) в иноязычном высказывании.
Аудирование
понимать основное содержание более сложных аутентичных текстов
(художественных, публицистических, научно-популярных); извлекать интересующую
информацию из воспринимаемого на слух текста прагматического / функционального
характера типа прогноза погоды, объявления и др.; использовать информацию,
полученную при восприятии текста на слух, в речевой и неречевой деятельности.
Письмо
написать письмо личного характера, передающее личный опыт и впечатления;
составить краткую аннотацию прочитанного или прослушанного текста; написать минисочинение по предложенной теме.
9
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 10 класс
10 часов
№
Тема
п/п
1. Фонетический обзор
2. Имя существительное. The Noun
3. Имя прилагательное и наречие. The adjective and the adverb
4. Глагол. The Verb
5. Great Britain. London
6. The USA. Washington.
7. Canada
8. Australia. New Zealand
9. Зачет 1. Тест по англо-говорящим странам и грамматике
Итого
Количество
часов
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
10
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 11 класс
10 часов
№
Тема
п/п
1. How different the World
2. Самостоятельная работа
3. Western democracies are They Democratic
4. Зачет 2. Контрольная работа по чтению и тест по грамматике
Итого
Количество
часов
4
1
3
2
10
ТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЕ 12 класс
36 часов
№
Тема
п/п
1. What is not with the young generation
2. Самостоятельная работа
3. Тест по чтению
4. Is it easy to be young?
5. Самостоятельная работа
6. Is the system of social welfare fair?
7. Зачет 3. лексико-грамматический тест и тест по чтению
8. What helps you to enjoy to yourselves?
9. Самостоятельная работа.
10. Тест по чтению
11. Inventions that shook the world
12. Самостоятельная работа
13. Подготовка к контрольной работе
14. Зачет 4. Итоговая контрольная работа
Количество
часов
5
1
1
6
1
5
2
4
1
1
5
1
1
2
36
10
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПРОГРАММЫ
10 КЛАСС
Занятие 1. ФОНЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР
1. Повторение алфавита
2. Знаки транскрипции
3. Обобщение правил чтения
4. Упражнения
Занятие 2. ИМЯ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ. THE NOUN
I. Грамматика. Имя существительное
1. Классификация имен существительных по составу
2. Классификация имен существительных по значению
3. Единственное и множественное число имен существительных
4. Падеж и род имен существительных
5. Притяжательный падеж
6. Роль существительных в предложении
7. Основные суффиксы у имен существительных
8. Упражнения
II. Разговорная тема “My family”
1. Активизация слов и выражений, используемые в письменной и устной речи
2. Составление ответов на вопросы по теме
3. Составление монологического высказывания по теме (15-20 предложений)
Занятие 3. ИМЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ. THE ADJECTIVE AND ADVERB
I. Грамматика. Имя прилагательное и наречие.
1. Общие свойства имен прилагательных и наречий
2. Роль имен прилагательных и наречий в предложении
3. Степени сравнения имен прилагательных и наречий
4. Упражнения
II. Разговорная тема “My friends”
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
2. Составление предложений о друге с использованием степени сравнения имен
прилагательных и наречий
3. Составление монологического высказывания по теме (15-20 предложений)
III. Самостоятельная работа 1.
Занятие 4. ГЛАГОЛ. THE VERB
I. Грамматика. Глагол
1. Общие свойства глагола
2. Суффиксы и префиксы глагола
3. Повелительное и изъявительное наклонение глагола
4. Времена группы Indefinite Active
5. Упражнения
II. Разговорная тема “English-speaking countries”
1. Общее представление об англо-говорящих странах. Работа с картой.
11
2. Чтение с извлечение полной информации
3. Составление ответов на вопросы.
Занятие 5. THE GREAT BRITAIN. LONDON
I. Разговорная тема “The Great Britain. London”
1. Работа с картой
 Географическое положение
 Население
 Города, столица, достопримечательности
 Промышленность, сельское хозяйство
2. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
3. Составление ответов на вопросы
4. Обучение монологическому высказыванию
II. Грамматика. Времена группы Continuous
1. Образование глаголов группы Continuous
2. Отрицательная и вопросительная формы глаголов группы Continuous
3. Упражнения
Занятие 6. THE USA. WASHINGTON
I. Разговорная тема “The USA. Washington”
1. Работа с картой
 Географическое положение
 Население
 Города, столица, достопримечательности
 Промышленность, сельское хозяйство
2. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
3. Составление ответов на вопросы
4. Обучение монологическому высказыванию
II. Грамматика. Времена группы Perfect
1. Образование глаголов группы Perfect
2. Отрицательная и вопросительная формы глаголов группы Continuous
3. Упражнения
Занятие 7. CANADA
I. Разговорная тема “Canada”
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
2. Составление ответов на вопросы
3. Работа с картой.
4. Заполнить таблицу
Population Rivers, lakes Cities, towns Sightseeings
II. Грамматика. Согласование времен
1. Правила согласования времен
2. Прямая и косвенная речь
3. Упражнения
Industry
Agriculture
12
Занятие 8. THE COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA. NEW ZEALAND
I. Разговорная тема “The Commonwealth of Australia. New Zealand”
1. Работа со словами. Произношение географических названий.
2. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации
3. Составление ответов на вопросы
4. Заполнить таблицу
Population Rivers, lakes Cities, towns Sightseeing
Industry
Agriculture
II. Грамматика. Типы вопросов
1. Общие вопросы
2. Специальные вопросы
3. Альтернативные вопросы
4. Разделительные вопросы
5. Упражнения
III. Самостоятельная работа 2.
Занятие 9-10. ЗАЧЕТ 1.
Тесты по англо-говорящим странам и грамматике
11 КЛАСС
Занятие 1. HOW DIFFERENT THE WORLD.
I. Особенности географического положения Америки, Великобритании, Австралии,
России
1. Новые слова по теме стр. 4
2. Артикли с географическими названиями
3. Чтение с извлечением детальной информации стр. 45
4. Упражнения1 1, 2.1,2.2, 3.2, 3.3
II. Разговорная тема “Pskov”
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
2. Составление ответов на вопросы
5. Обучение монологическому высказыванию
Занятие 2. HOW DIFFERENT THE WORLD.
I. Влияние географического положения Америки, Великобритании, Австралии, России
на жизнь людей этих стран
1. Развитие умения понимать культурологический контекст аутентичных текстов
II. Грамматика.
1. Выражения и союзы для описания причинно-следственных связей стр. 8 - правило,
263
2. Упражнения 1.1, 1.2, 2,3,4,7
3. Страдательный залог. Образование страдательного залога. стр. 256-257
4. Упражнения
Здесь и далее упражнения и работа с текстом по Кузовлев В.П. Английский язык: Учебник для 10-11 класса
общеобразовательных учреждений/ В.П. Кузовлев, Н.П. Лапа и др. – М.: Просвещение, 2001. – 336 с.
1
13
Занятие 3. HOW DIFFERENT THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с образом жизни и чертами характера американцев, британцев. Россия
глазами иностранцев
1. Новые слова по теме стр. 12-13
2. Развитие умения читать с разными стратегиями
3. Упражнения 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 7
II. Грамматика. Косвенные вопросы
1. Теория. стр. 18 правило, стр. 262
2. Упражнения стр.19 упр. 2 стр.20-21 упр.3-4
Занятие 4. HOW DIFFERENT THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с высказываниями зарубежных сверстников, где они хотели бы жить
1. Аудирование
2. Чтение с извлечением частичной информации стр. 22 упр. 1.1. 2,3
3. Составление монологического высказывания на тему, где бы хотел жить
II. Разговорная тема «Traveling»
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
2. Составление ответов на вопросы
3. Обучение монологическому высказыванию
Занятие 5. САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА
I. Самостоятельная работа 3.
II. Грамматика. Неличные формы глагола. Общие свойства. Инфинитив
1. Значения временных форм инфинитива
2. Функции инфинитива в предложении
3. Упражнения
Занятие 6. WESTERN DEMOCRATIES ARE THEY DEMOCRATIC? POLITICAL
SYSTEM IN THE GREAT BRITAIN
I. Знакомство с политической системой Великобритании
1. Новые слова стр. 40-41, упр. 2
2. Работа со схемой стр.42 упр.3.2
3. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр.324 упр.3.8
II. Грамматика. Participant I, Participant II
1. Формы причастий
2. Значения причастий
3. Функции причастий в предложении
4. Упражнения
Занятие 7. WESTERN DEMOCRATIES ARE THEY DEMOCRATIC? POLITICAL
SYSTEM IN THE USA
I. Знакомство с основами президентской республики
1. Новые слова по теме стр. 44,45
2. Развитие умения понимать схему, сравнивать и делать выводы по схеме стр. 44
упр.1, стр. 45 упр.1.3
3. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр.325 упр.1.4
4. Обучение монологическому высказыванию
14
II. Разговорная тема «Роль книг в жизни людей, о любимых книгах, героях авторах»
1. Составление ответов на вопросы
2. Обучение диалогической речи
Занятие 8. WESTERN DEMOCRATIES ARE THEY DEMOCRATIC? RUSSIAN
POLITICAL SYSTEM
I. Знакомство с политическим устройством Российской Федерации
1. Новые слова по теме стр. 48,49
2. Развитие умения понимать схему стр. 48 упр.1
3. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр.325 упр.1.8
II. Грамматика. The Gerund
1. Формы герундия
2. Значения форм герундия
3. Функции герундия в предложении
4. Упражнения
III. Самостоятельная работа 4.
Занятия 9-10. ЗАЧЕТ 2.
I. Контрольная работа по чтению стр. 64-65 упр. 2
II. Контрольная работа по грамматике.
12 КЛАСС
Занятие 1. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION?
I. Знакомство с различными субкультурами и современными музыкальными
направлениями.
1. Чтение с извлечением детальной информации (стр.70-72, упр.2)
2. Описание музыкальных стилей, которые выбирают члены группы или субкультур
(стр. 72-73, упр. 3.1)
3. Заполнение таблицы о различных субкультурах
A member of the group
Closes
Music
Specific features
II. Грамматика. Словообразование с помощью суффиксов.
Существительное + -ion, -ism, -ist, -ship, -er
Занятие 2. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION?
I. Знакомство с музыкальными молодежными фестивалями
1. Активизировать употребление новых слов и выражений в письменной и устной речи.
(стр. 75, упр.2.1)
2. Монологические высказывания учащихся об отношении общества к различным
субкультурам. (стр. 74, упр. 1.4)
3. Чтение с выбором специальной информации о молодежных фестивалях (Reader Unit
3 ex. 5,6,7)
II. Разговорная тема «Sport means health»
1. Аудирование текста
2. Ответы на вопросы
3. Составление монологических высказываний по теме
15
Занятие 3. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION? SUBCULTURE IN
RUSSIA
I. Знакомство с организациями и субкультурами в России
Чтение с извлечением полной информации (стр. 84-85 упр. 3.1.)
II. Грамматика.
1. Like as… (стр. 83, стр. 266 Упражнения стр. 82-83 1.1,1.2, 2.1.)
2. Степени сравнения имен прилагательных
3. Вспомогательные глаголы (стр. 85, стр. 251,259 упр. 3.2.)
Занятие 4. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION.
I. Знакомство с понятием «молодежная преступность»
1. Чтение текстов с извлечением полной информации (стр. 86-87 упр. 2.1.)
2. Составление диалогов (обмен мнениями) (стр. 87, упр.2.3
3. Выразить свое согласие – несогласие к субкультурам, заполнить таблицу. (стр.88
упр. 3 (1,2))
Are you for hippies?
Pro
Cons
II. Разговорная тема «My hobby»
1. Чтение текста с извлечением полной информации
2. Ответы на вопросы
3. Составление монологических высказываний (6 стр. 36)
Занятие 5. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION
I. Знакомство с вежливой формой отказа по-английски
1. Аудирование диалогов (стр.90, упр.1.1.)
2. Чтение фраз, выражающих вежливый отказ (стр.90, упр.1.1)
3. Различение стилей стр. 91-92 упр. 2.1,2.5,2.6)
II. Разговорная тема «Празднование нового года. Традиции»
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации
2. Составление словосочетаний
3. Составление монолога о праздновании Нового года в семье обучающегося.
Преемственность традиций
Занятие 6. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION
Самостоятельная работа 5. по грамматике
Занятие 7. WHAT IS HOT WITH THE YOUNG GENERATION
Тест по чтению стр. 96-98, упр. 2.1,2.2
Занятие 8. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с конвенцией ООН по правам детей и основными правами
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации (стр. 104, упр. 2.1,2.4)
2. Аудирование. Мнение молодых людей о конвенции ООН (стр. 106, упр. 3.1)
3. Составление монологических высказываний по теме (стр. 107, упр. 3.2)
II. Разговорная тема «Достижения России в искусстве»
1. Соотнести слова и транскрипцию (estate, guard, exile, circle, intrigue, dual, genius)
2. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
16
3. Ответы на вопросы по теме
Занятие 9. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с правами, обязанностями и возрастными ограничениями, принятыми в
странах изучаемого языка в соответствии с Конвенцией ООН
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации (стр. 108-109, упр. 1.1.)
2. Составление высказываний письменно «Что родители разрешают или запрещают
делать тебе» (5-6 предложений)
II. Грамматика «Сложное дополнение»
1. Complex Object. Теория. Правило (стр. 109, 259)
2. Грамматические упражнения (стр. 109 упр. 1.2)
Занятие 10. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с социальными проблемами подростковой среде в странах изучаемого
языка
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации (стр. 112-113, упр. 1.1,1.2)
2. Выписать из текста проблемы молодежи и их причины (стр. 112-113, упр. 1, стр.
114, упр. 3.1)
3. Активизация новых слов и выражений в письменной и устной речи «Какие
проблемы беспокоят молодежь в России?» (стр. 115, упр.3.5)
Занятие 11. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с особенностями этикета в отношениях между юношами и девушками в
странах изучаемого языка.
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации (стр. 116-117, упр. 1. 1))
2. Составление ответов на вопросы к тексту (стр. 116-117, упр. 1.1,1.2))
3. Аудирование. Составление монологических высказываний по теме (стр. 118, упр.
1.3)
II. Разговорная тема «День Святого Валентина»
1. Составление ответов на вопросы
2. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации
3. Составление монологического высказывания по теме
Занятие 12. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с высказываниями зарубежных сверстников о проблемах молодежи
1. Аудирование и чтение с извлечением главной информации (стр. 122-123, упр. 1.1)
2. Составление монологических высказываний по теме (стр. 122-123, упр. 1.2-8)
3. Перевод стихотворений (стр. 124-125, упр. 2.1)
Занятие 13. IS IT EASY TO BE YOUNG?
I. Знакомство с особенностями речевого этикета в странах изучаемого языка и
требованиями к соблюдению норм поведения с учетом национальных особенностей.
1. Аудирование. Чтение диалогов с извлечением главной идеи (стр. 128-129, упр. 1.
1,1.2,1.3))
2. Составление монологических высказываний по теме «Что ты ответил бы на жалобы
взрослых?» (стр. 132 упр.7)
17
3. Составление монологических высказываний на тему: «О каких бы проблемах ты
пожаловался своим друзьям, родителям, учителям?»
II. Разговорная тема «Leisure time hobby»
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации
2. Составление монологического высказывания по теме
Занятие 14. САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА
Самостоятельная работа 6. с текстом стр.136-137 упр. 2.1, 2
Упражнения стр. 139, упр. 5 .
Занятие 15. IS THE SYSTEM OF SOSIAL WELFARE FAIR?
I. Знакомство с социальной сферой общественной жизни Великобритании, США и
России.
1. Новые слова (стр. 142, упр.1)
2. Чтение текста с извлечением полной информации стр. 142 упр. 1.1, стр. 143 упр. 2.1
3. Какие категории граждан получают льготы в России (стр.144-145 упр.4)
4. Составление монологических высказываний на тему: «Какими льготами пользуются
члены вашей семьи» 5-6 предложений написать
II. Грамматика The + adjective стр. 142 правило, стр. 251 теория
Занятие 16. IS THE SYSTEM OF SOSIAL WELFARE FAIR?
I. Знакомство с системой медицинского обслуживания в Великобритании, США и
России.
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации стр. 150, упр. 1.1.
2. Чтение с извлечением полной информации: «Факты и мнения о медицинском
обслуживании в США» стр.152, упр. 3.1
3. Составление монологических высказываний о медицинском обслуживании в России
стр. 153. упр.4 (5-6 предложений)
II. Грамматика Придаточные предложения с союзами и предлогами (стр. 151,153, 264265)
III. Разговорная тема «Ecological problems»
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации
2. Составление монологического высказывания по теме
Занятие 17. IS THE SYSTEM OF SOSIAL WELFARE FAIR?
I. Знакомство с условиями жизни престарелых людей в Великобритании и Ветерановинвалидов войны в Германии и России
1. Чтение и составление монологических высказываний на тему «Положительные и
отрицательные стороны старости» стр. 156-157, упр. 1.1,2,3
2. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр.158, упр. 4.1,2
II. Грамматика. Косвенные вопросы
1. Теория. (стр. 159, 262)
2. Упражнения
Занятие 18. IS THE SYSTEM OF SOSIAL WELFARE FAIR?
I. Знакомство с особенностями взаимоотношений членов
принадлежащих разным поколениям
британских
семей,
18
1. Аудирование и чтение диалога с извлечением основной информации стр.160
упр.1.1.
2. Выполнение задания к диалогу стр.161 упр.1.2,3
3. Выписать «за» и «против» помещения людей в дома престарелых стр.160 упр.1
4. Чтение с извлечением полной информации о проблеме домов престарелых в
России стр.162 упр.2.2
5. Составление монологических высказываний по проблемам пожилых людей
Занятие 19. IS THE SYSTEM OF SOSIAL WELFARE FAIR?
I. Знакомство с различными точками зрения о правомерности существования государства
всеобщего благосостояния
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр.164 упр.1.1
2. Составление ответов на вопросы стр.164 упр.1.2
3. Составление монологических высказываний о системе социального обеспечения,
используя речевые образцы стр.166 упр.3.1.
Занятие 20-21. ЗАЧЕТ 3
Грамматический тест
Тест по чтению стр.171-172 упр. 2.1,2,3,4
Занятие 22. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
I. Знакомство с историей возникновения кинематографа в России и за рубежом
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации стр. 178-179, упр.1.3
2. Новые слова и выражения по теме «Кино»
3. Чтение с извлечением полной информации стр. 329, упр. 1.2, 4.2
II. Грамматика.
1. Придаточные определительные предложения стр.180 (правило)
Занятие 23. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
I. Знакомство с различными жанрами кино, с обзорами фильмов в американском журнале
«Entertainment»
1. Аудирование и чтение диалогов о кино стр. 182-183, урр.2.1
2. Составление монологических высказываний о жанрах кино
II. Грамматика.
1. Наречия. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. Стр. 183 правило, стр.252
теория
2. Работа с таблицей с. 185
Занятие 24. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
I. Знакомство с историей возникновения театрального искусства в Англии и России
1. Работа со словами. Заполнить «Word web» стр.186 упр. 1.1
2. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации
3. Составление ответов на вопросы с использованием эмфатических и восклицательных
предложений
II. Грамматика.
1. Эмфатические и восклицательные предложения. Стр. 187,189 правило, стр. 267, 266
теория
19
2. Упражнения стр.208, упр. 3.1,2
III. Разговорная тема «Достижения в искусстве страны изучаемого языка. William
Shakespeare»
1. Аудирование.
2. Составление ответов на вопросы
3. Составление монологических высказываний.
Занятие 25. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
I. Знакомство с американской системой классификации фильмов
1. Чтение с извлечением основной идеи о фильмах ст. 196-197 упр. 2.1
2. Заполнить таблицу «за» и «против» о фильмах-боевиках
II. Разговорная тема «Средства массовой информации».
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации.
2. Составление монологических высказываний.
Занятие 26. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
Самостоятельная работа 7.
Занятие 27. WHAT HELP YOU TO ENJOY YOURSELVES?
Тест по чтению стр. 206-207 упр.2.1,2
Занятие 28. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с достижениями науки, которые используются в повседневной жизни
1. Введение новых слов стр. 213, упр.2
2. Чтение текста с заданиями стр.212 упр.1.1
II. Разговорная тема «Достижения в науке и технике Великобритании. Michael Faraday»
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации.
2. Составление монологических высказываний
Занятие 29. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с рекламой на предметы повседневного спроса
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации стр.216, упр. 1.1
2. Почему люди используют те или иные достижения в повседневной жизни.
Письменное выполнение упр.1.2 стр. 217
3. Создать рекламу 1-2 изобретений (письменно)
II. Грамматика
1. Simple Past and Present Perfect стр. 218 правило, стр. 255 теория
2. Грамматические упражнения
Занятие 30. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
I. Грамматика. Present Perfect Passive and Simple Past Passive
1. Теория. стр. 220, 222 правило, стр.256,257 теория
2. Грамматические упражнения стр.222, упр.2, стр.224-225 упр.4
II. Знакомство с выдающимися изобретениями и изобретателями
1. Составление монологических высказываний с использованием структур Present
Perfect Passive and Simple Past Passive
20
Занятие 31. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с мнением людей о высоких технологиях
1. Чтение с извлечением специальной информации стр.232-233 упр.2.1,2
II. Разговорная тема «Достижения в науке и техники в России. Юрий Гагарин»
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации.
2. Составление ответов на вопросы
3. Составление монологических высказываний
Занятие 32. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
I. Знакомство с некоторыми особенностями использования электроприборов в США
1. Введение новых слов стр. 236, упр.1.1
2. Чтение диалога с извлечением специальной информации
3. Чтение инструкций стр.238. упр.2.1
II. Разговорная тема «Роль книг в жизни людей»
1. Чтение с извлечением полной информации. Стр.39-49 (тренажеры, тесты…)
2. Составление монологических высказываний
Занятие 33. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
Самостоятельная работа 8.
Занятие 34. INVENTIONS THAT SHOOK THE WORLD
Подготовка к контрольной работе стр. 242 упр.1.1, 2.1,2
Занятия 35-36.
Итоговая контрольная работа
Работа с текстом
ТЕМЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОГО ИЗУЧЕНИЯ
Мой любимый кинофильм
Мой любимый литературный герой
Самое запомнившееся празднование дня рождения
Моя будущая профессия
Планы на будущее
21
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ
THE ARTICLE (Артикль)
В английском языке многие существительные употребляются с артиклями a/an/the.
ARTICLE WITH GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES (Артикль с географическими
названиями)
Артикль the не употребляется с названиями:
континентов (South America)
городов (New York)
отдельных горных вершин (Mt. Everest)
островов (Jamaica)
озер (Lake Union)
большинства стран (France, Russia)
Артикль the употребляется с названиями:
горных цепей (the Alps)
групп островов (the Hawaiian Islands)
групп озер (the Great Lakes)
рек, каналов, заливов, проливов (the Volga, the Panama Canal, the Gulf of Mexico, the
Straits of Gibraltar),
пустынь (the Gobi Desert),
океанов и морей (the Atlantic Ocean, the Caspian Sea),
регионов (the Midwest)
стран, в которые входят слова союз, федерация, королевство, штат (the UK, the
USA, the Russian Federation),
стран, имеющих форму множественного числа (the Netherlands)
ARTICLE WITH THE WORDS THAT DEFINE A POST THAT CAN BE HELD BY
ONE PERSON AT A TIME (Артикль со словами, обозначающими должность или
положение, занимаемое только одним человеком)
1.
Если слова president, prime minister, queen или king и т. п. используются после
слов to elect и to appoint, то артикль с ними не употребляется:
Clinton was elected president in 1992. (Клинтон был избран президентом в 1992 году.)
2.
Если слова president, prime minister, queen или king и т. п. используются после
слов to be и to become, то возможно как употребление определенного артикля, так и
отсутствие артикля:
Elizabeth II became (the) queen in 1952. (Елизавета II стала королевой в 1952 году.)
Elizabeth II is (the) queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
(Елизавета II — королева Соединенного Королевства Великобритании и Северной
Ирландии.)
22
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ВРЕМЕН
Indefinite (Simple)
Continuous
Perfect
Future
Служит для обозначения действия, продолжающегося в какой-то момент настоящего,
прошедшего или будущего времени
To be + Participle I
Was (were) + Participle I
Shall (will) be + Participle I
(инфинитив без частицы to +
was (were) working
Shall (will) be working
ing)
am (are, is) + working
Служит для обозначения действия, законченного к какому-то определенному моменту в
настоящем, прошедшем или будущем времени
To have + Participle II
had + Participle II
Shall (will) have + Participle II
have (has) worked
had worked
shall (will) have worked
had been + Participle I
had been working
shall (will) have + been +
Participle I
shall (will) have been working
Indefinite
(Simple)
To be + Participle II
Am (are, is) informed
Was (were) + Participle II
Was (were) informed
Shall (will) be + Participle II
Shall (will) be informed
Continuous
действия, которое длилось в течение указанного периода времени до какого-то момента.
To have + been + Participle I
Have (has) been working
To be + being + Participle II
Am (are, is) being informed
Was (were) + being +
Participle II
Was (were) being informed
To have + been + Participle II
Have (has) been informed
Had + been + Participle II
Had been informed
Perfect
Страдательный залог
Past
Служит для обозначения действия, относящегося к настоящему, прошедшему или
будущему времени, но без точного указания момента его совершения
Инфинитив без частицы to. Инфинитив без частицы to + shall (will) + инфинитив
В 3-м л. ед. ч. -(e)s
-ed, 2-я форма неправильных
без частицы to
work, works
глаголов
I shall work
worked, wrote
She will work
Perfect
Continuous
Действительный залог
Present
Shall (will) have been +
Participle II
Shall (will) have been
informed
СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН
Примеры 1
I think (that) she has a lot of friends. Я думаю, что у нее много друзей.
Are you sure (that) he was at the concert? Ты уверен, что он был на концерте?
They say (that) they will leave for Paris next week. Они говорят, что поедут в Париж на следующий
неделе.
Примеры 2
The teacher told (that) water boils at 100 degrees. Учитель сказал, что вода закипает при температуре 100
градусов.
Jane knew (that) Rome is the capital of Italy. Джейн знала, что Рим - столица Италии.
23
Примеры 3
I knew (that) he had booked the tickets in advance. Я знал, что он заказал билеты заранее.
Примеры 4
I knew (that) he worked in the garden. Я знал, что он работает в саду.
I knew (that) he was working in the garden and I didn't want to disturb him. Я знал, что он работает в
саду, и мне не хотелось его беспокоить.
Примеры 5
I knew (that) they would come in a week. Я знал, что они приедут через неделю.
They promised (that) they would bring us all the necessary books. Они обещали, что принесут нам все
необходимые книга.
We decided (that) we should visit him next summer. Мы решили, что навестим его будущим летом
Г-С
придаточного
предложения
может
находиться в
любом времени
да
нет
Глагол-сказуемое (Г-С) главного
предложения находится в
настоящем или будущем
времени
да
Примеры 1
да
Г-С придаточного
предложения может
находиться в настоящем
времени
(Г-С) главного предложения
находится в прошедшем
времени (обычно Past Simple)
В придаточном предложении
сообщается об общеизвестном
факте или действии,
совершающемся постоянно
Вы ошиблись в определении
времени Г-С главного
предложения
нет
Действие в придаточном предложении
Примеры 2
Предшествует действию в
главном предложении
да
Г-С придаточного
предложения находится в
Past Perfect
Примеры 3
Происходит одновременно с
действием в главном
предложении
да
Г-С придаточного
предложения находится в Past
Simple
Примеры 4
нет
Происходит в будущем относительно
действия в главном предложении
да
Г-С придаточного предложения
находится в Future in the Past
Примеры 5
24
ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ К ЗАНЯТИЯМ
10 КЛАСС
Занятие 1
Подчеркнуть слово, которое произносится не так, как другие:
a) tone, smoke, alone, mole, pot, don't, rose, go
b) land, map, sand, black, made, flag, plan, apple
c) curl, cure, turning, burnt, murder, return, hurt
d) pure, cure, curious, student, plural, during, furious
e) plant, glass, last, chance, cranberry, task, craft, calm
f) saw, draw, paw, law, talk, false, grand, pause
g) book, look, took, cool., goodness., room, cook
h) south, pound, count, rough, south, round, sound
Расставить правильно ударение:
Parliament, argument, removes, declaration, acquaintance, self-service, responsibility,
extremely
But Louis was a brave and talented boy.
Television, myself, fifteen, hairdresser, elephant
There are several different ways of pronouncing –ea. Put the following words into the
correct column.
[e] [ı:] [ıə] [eə] [ei] [ə:]
dear
breathe
cease
earth
pear
theatre
peasant
tear*
cheat
beast
heal
jealous
meant
scream
spear
clear
breast
health
reason
weapon
steak
thread
deaf
meadow
beard
great
lead*
search
breath
bear
death
pearl
gear
leap
swear
CAREFUL! Words marked * nave two meanings and two pronunciation!
Занятие 2
Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число (обратите
внимание на артикли: неопределенный артикль во множественном числе
опускается, определенный артикль сохраняется).
A baby, a plant, a lemon, a peach, a banana, a brush, a star, a mountain, a tree, a shilling, a
king, the waiter, the queen, a man, the man, a woman, the woman, an eye, a shelf, a box,
the city, a boy, a goose, the watch, a mouse, a dress, a toy, the sheep, a tooth, a child, the
ox, a deer, the life, a tomato, a secretary, a crowd, the airport, a theatre, the tornado, a
shop, the tragedy.
Поставьте следующие словосочетания во множественное число.
This magazine, that sticker, this stamp, that sandwich, this poster, this teacup, this egg,
that wall, that picture, this foot, that mountain, this lady, that window, this man, that
match, this knife, this book, this family, this pie, that answer, that apartment, that teacher,
that comedy.
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This is a spider. 2. That is a snail. 3. This is a space film. 4. That is a cartoon. 5. This is
a star. 6. This is a boy. 7. This is a baby. 8. That is a plate. 9. That is a flower. 10. That is a
25
bookshelf. 11. Is this a sofa? 12. Is this a bookcase? 13. Is this a man? 14. Is that a ball?
15. Is that a train? 16. Is that a plane? 17. Is the window open? 18. Is the door closed? 19.
Is the boy near the window? 20. That is not a king. 21. That is not a queen. 22. That is not
a bus. 23. This isn't a mountain. 24. That isn't a goose. 25. This isn't a mouse. 26. It is a
sheep. 27. It is a cigarette. 28. It is a cat. 29. It is not a girl. 30. It isn't a bag. 31. It isn't a
tree. 32. It is not a bad egg. 33. It is a good egg. 34. Is that a flower?
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This cup is dirty. 2. That biscuit was tasty. 3. This hotel is very expensive but it's very
nice. 4. There is a children's playground in the park. 5. That is a new supermarket in our
town. 6. It's a delicious lemon pie for dessert. 7. It's a nice cotton dress for my niece. 8.
This man is an engineer. 9. That woman is my sister. 10. This child is my son. 11. That
goose is big. 12. This mouse is white. 13. This man is a doctor. 14. That woman is my
cousin. She is a teacher. 15. That girl is my niece. She is a pupil. 16. This girl has a blue
sweater. 17. This boy has a good coat. 18. My uncle has a large flat. 19. There is a table in
the room. 20.1 have a good pen. My pen is in my pocket. 21. There is a flower in the vase.
22. This child's foot is sore
Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя
притяжательный падеж.
1. The ball of the dog. 2. The skateboard of that man. 3. The songs of the children. 4. The
umbrella of my grandmother. 5. The room of my friend. 6. The questions of my son. 7.
The wife of my brother. 8. The table of our teacher. 9. The poems of Pushkin. Ю. 10. The
voice of this girl. 11. The new club of the workers. 12. The letter of Pete. 13. The car of
my parents. 14. The life of this woman. 15. The handbags of these women. 16. The flat of
my sister is large. 17. The children of my brother are at home. 18. The room of the boys is
large. 19. The name of this girl is Jane. 20. The work of these students is interesting. 21.
The computer of my son is modern. 22. He was a friend of my cousins.
Занятие 3
Вставьте some, any, по или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря по
смыслу.
1. There are ... buses today and I can't go shopping. 2. There is ... caviare in the can. I love
it. Would you like ... ? 3. Please don't offer her ... chips. She doesn't want ... .4. Can I have
... milk in my tea? I don't like it black. 5. There is ... ink in my pen. 6. Is there ... snow in
the street this morning? 7. My mother likes ... music. 8. Are there ... chess players here? 9.
There are ... diagrams in the new book. 10. Are there ... newspapers on the table? 11. Was
there ... water in the glass or ... milk? 12. There was ... soap in the box; he used it to wash
his hands. 13. There was ... soap in the box: it smells of ... soap. 14. There are ... letters for
you on the table. 15. Do you like ... apples? 16. Were there ... of our teachers at the
stadium? 17. There were ... students of our group at the consultation yesterday. 18. Will
there be ... concerts at the club next month?
19. There were ... yellow and green pencils on the table. 20. People need ... oxygen for
breathing. 21. Are there ... mistakes in my dictation? — Yes, there are ... . 22. My brother
doesn't like ... carrots.
Вставьте something, anything, nothing или everything.
1. My husband taught his son ... he knows. 2. Her patient has a bad memory. She can't
remember ... . 3. I think there is ... wrong with my watch. 4. We've got ... to eat. We've got
26
only ... to drink. 5. The student didn't understand ... because she heard .... 6. Does he know
... about computers? — Yes, he knows ... because he is the best specialist in computer
science at Harvard University. 7. He felt terrible. He couldn't do ... else. 8. ... is all right,
the patient is much better today. 9. Is there ... interesting in the programme of the concert?
10. I could see ... : it was quite dark. 11. Give me ... to drink. 12. I didn't take any money
with me, so I couldn't buy .... 13. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see ... now. 14. I
saw ... near the wood that looked like a tent.
Вставьте somewhere, anywhere, nowhere или everywhere.
1. I can't find my book .... I have looked all over the house. 2. Johnny lives ... near
Chicago. 3. It so happened that he had ... to go to. So last summer he stayed at home in his
beloved city for his holidays. 4. This book can be found ... . Let's buy it. 5. Do you live ...
near them? 6. Is it ... in Russia? — Yes, it's ... in Russia. 7. Where are you going? — I am
not going ... . 8. I put my dictionary ... yesterday and now I can't find it ... . — Of course,
that is because you leave your books ... . 9. You must go ... next summer. 10. Did you go
... on Sunday? 11. Let's go ... . The weather is fine. I don't want to stay at home in such
weather. 12. I cannot find my glasses .... I always put them ... and then look for them for
hours. 13. Today is a holiday. The streets are full of people. There are flags, banners and
flowers ....
Занятие 4
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.
(USUALLY) 1. My working day (to begin) at seven o'clock. I (to get) up, (to switch) on
the radio and (to do) my morning exercises. It, (to take) me fifteen minutes. At half past
seven we (to have) breakfast. My father and I (to leave) home at eight o'clock. He (to take)
a bus to his factory. My mother (to be) a doctor, she (to leave) home at nine o'clock. In the
evening we (to gather) in the living room. We (to watch) TV and (to talk).
2. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. 3. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in
the afternoon. 4. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day.
5. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 6. After breakfast she
(to go) to school. 7. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 8. She (to speak)
French well.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.
(USUALLY) 1. Andrea Schatzmann, an exchange student from Switzerland, (to live) with
the Connor family in San Francisco. She (to get) up at 7 am and (to take) a shower. She
normally (not to have) breakfast. At half past seven she (to catch) the bus. Her first class
(to start) at a quarter past eight. She always (to have) lunch at 12 o'clock in the cafeteria.
The cafeteria food (to be) OK and it (to be) cheap too. Her afternoon classes (to be) from
1.15 till 3.00 pm, so she (to be) at school all day. She usually (to have) dinner with the
Connors at about 8.00. On Saturdays she (to have) lunch at the restaurant. Once a week,
usually on Sunday mornings, she (to go) swimming. A few friends usually (to go) along,
too. One of her friends has got a car, so he (to pick) them up and then he (to drive) them
home. After swimming they often (to go) out for a pizza. On Saturday evenings she
sometimes (to go) out with friends to a party or maybe to a concert. Sometimes she (to invite) friends to her house and they (to listen) to music and (to talk). Mr. and Mrs. Connor
often (to take) them for a camping weekend to the seaside or to the mountains. From time
27
to time she (to call) her family in Switzerland. They never (to talk) for very long because it
(to be) expensive. She usually (to call) on Sundays because it (to be) cheaper then.
2. What time Andrea usually (to get) up? 3. When she (to catch) the bus? 4. She (to take) a
shower in the morning? 5. She (to go) home for lunch? 6. When she (to go) swimming? 7.
How she (to get) to the pool? 8. What she (to do) on Saturday evenings?
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple или Past Simple.
1. His sister (to study) English every day. 2. She (to study) English two hours ago. 3. You
(to come) home at six o'clock yesterday? — No, I ... . Yesterday I (to come) home from
school at half past eight. I (to be) very tired. I (to have) dinner with my family. After
dinner I (to be) very thirsty. I (to drink) two cups of tea. Then I (to rest). 4. I (to go) to bed
at ten o'clock every day. 5. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 6. My brother (to
wash) his face every morning. 7. Last night he (to wash) his face with soap and water. 8. I
(not to have) history lessons every day. 9. We (not to rest) yesterday. 10. My
brother
(not to drink) coffee yesterday. 11. My mother always (to take) a bus to get to work, but
yesterday she (not to take) a bus. Yesterday she (to walk) to her office. 12. You (to talk) to
the members of your family every day? — Yes, I ... . But yesterday I (not to talk) to them:
I (to be) very busy yesterday. 13. Your sister (to go) to school every day? — Yes, she ....
14. Mary (to like) writing stories. 15. Last week she (to write) a funny story about her pet.
16. You (to tell) your mother the truth about the money? 17. You (to wear) your polka-dot
dress to work? — Yes, I .... I (to wear) it yesterday. 18. We (to like) to go to the beach. We
(to enjoy) swimming in the ocean last weekend.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple или Past Simple.
1. Tom always (to eat) breakfast. 2. Yesterday he (not to eat) breakfast because he (to get)
up late. 3. We (to like) to cook but we (not to like) to wash the dishes. 4. He never (to
shout) at his students. He (to be) a wonderful teacher, I remember. 5. My friend (to know)
Spanish very well. 6. Who (to ring) you up an hour ago? 7. He (to live) on the third floor.
8. It (to take) you long to find his house yesterday? 9. When your lessons (to be) over on
Monday? 10. I (to have) dinner with my family yesterday. 11. Her friends (to be) ready at
five o'clock. 12. One of her brothers (to make) a tour of Europe last summer. 13. Queen
Elizabeth II (to be) born in 1926. She (to become) Queen of England in 1952. 14. You always (to get) up at seven o'clock? — No, sometimes I (to get) up at half past seven. 15.
Antonio Stradivari (to make) wonderful violins. 16. Who (to paint) the world-known
picture "Mona Lisa"? 17. She (to know) all the works of Chopin. She (to enjoy) listening
to his waltz last night. 18. Steven's friends (to come) to his birthday party last night and (to
give) him wonderful presents. His parents (to cook) a special dinner for him. His girlfriend
(to promise) to come, but she (not to be) there. He (to try) to phone, but he couldn't get
through. He (to be) really upset. Only she (not to wish) him a Happy Birthday.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future
Simple.
1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. I
(to go) to bed at ten o'clock tomorrow. 4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day. 5. I (not to
go) to the cinema yesterday. 6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 7. You (to watch) TV
every day? 8. You (to watch) TV yesterday? 9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow? 10. When
you (to leave) home for school every day? 11. When you (to leave) home for school
yesterday? 12. When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow? 13. My brother (to go) to
work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. As the office he (to work) at
28
(to be) near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go)
to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o'clock. 14. You (to have) a PT lesson yesterday?
— No, I ... . 15. What you (to buy) at the shop yesterday? — I (to buy) a book. 16.
Yesterday my father (not to read) newspapers because he (to be) very busy. He (to read)
newspapers tomorrow.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future
Simple.
1. He (to turn) on the television to watch cartoons every morning. 2. He (to turn) on the
television to watch cartoons yesterday morning. 3. He (to turn) on the television to watch
cartoons tomorrow morning. 4. I always (to go) to the Altai Mountains to visit my
relatives there. 5. I (to be) very busy last summer and I (not to go) there. 6. I (not to go)
there next year because it (to cost) a lot of money and I can't afford it. 7. They (to enjoy)
themselves at the symphony yesterday evening? 8. Who (to take) care of the child in the
future? 9. How often you (to go) to the dentist's? 10. We (not to have) very good weather,
but we still (to have) a good time during our short stay in London. 11. She (to do) all the
washing in their house. 12. He even (not to know) how to use the washing machine. 13.
Two years ago they (to be) rich and money (to be) never a problem. 14. You (to think) you
(to be) happy in your new neighborhood? 15. When the cabbage soup (to be) ready? 16.
The customs officers at JFK airport in New York (to arrest) that young man when he (to
arrive). 17. I (to like) to get on with my friends, so I often (to do) what they (to want). 18.
When (to be) your birthday? 19. When you (to get) your watch? 20. Who (to create)
Mickey Mouse?
Занятие 5
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или Past Continuous.
1. I (to write) an English exercise now. 2. I (to write) an English exercise at this time
yesterday. 3. My little sister (to sleep) now. 4 My little sister (to sleep) at this time
yesterday. 5. My friends (not to do) their homework now. They (to play) volleyball. 6. My
friends (not to do) their homework at seven o'clock yesterday. They (to play) volleyball. 7.
She (to read) the whole evening yesterday. 8. She (not to read) now. 9. Now she (to go) to
school. 10. What you (to do) now? — I (to drink) tea. 11. You (to drink) tea at this time
yesterday? — No, I (not to drink) tea at this time yesterday, I (to eat) a banana. 12. My
sister is fond of reading. She (to read) the whole evening yesterday, and now she (to read)
again. 13. Look! My cat (to play) with a ball. 14. When I went out into the garden, the sun
(to shine) and birds (to sing) in the trees. 15. You (to eat) ice cream now? 16. You (to eat)
ice cream when I rang you up yesterday? 17. What your father (to do) now? 18. What your
father (to do) from eight till nine yesterday? 19. Why she (to cry) now? 20. Why she (to
cry) when I saw her yesterday?
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. I (to go) to the cinema yesterday. 2. I (to go) to the cinema at four o'clock yesterday. 3. I
(to go) to the cinema when you met me. 4. I (to do) my homework the whole evening
yesterday. 5. I (to do) my homework when mother came home. 6. I (to do) my homework
yesterday. 7. I (to do) my homework from five till eight yesterday. 8. I (to do) my
homework at six o'clock yesterday. 9. I (not to play) the piano yesterday. I (to write) a
letter to my friend. 10. I (not to play) the piano at four o'clock yesterday. I (to read) a
book. 11. He (not to sleep) when father came home. He (to do) his homework. 12. When I
29
(to go) to school the day before yesterday, I met Mike and Pete. They (to talk) and (to
laugh). They told me a funny story. Soon I (to laugh), too. I still (to laugh) when we came
to school. After school I (to tell) this story at home. My father and mother (to like) it very
much. 13. When we were in the country last summer, I (to go) to the wood one day. In the
wood I (to find) a little fox cub. I (to bring) it home. I (to decide) to tame the cub. Every
day I (to feed) it and (to take) care of it. I (to tame) it the whole summer. Now the fox cub
is quite tame. It lives in my house.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present
Simple, Past Simple, Present Continuous, Past Continuous.
1. Where you (to be) yesterday? — I (to be) at home the whole day. — How strange. I (to
ring) you up at two o'clock, but nobody (to answer). — Oh, I (to be) in the garden. I (to
read) your book and (not to hear) the telephone. 2. What you (to do) at five o'clock
yesterday? — I (to work) in the library. — I (to be) there, too, but I (not to see) you. 3.
Nina (to celebrate) her birthday yesterday. Her room looked beautiful, there (to be) many
flowers in it. When I (to come) in, somebody (to play) the piano, two or three pairs (to
dance). 4. Listen! Somebody (to play) the piano. 5. I (to like) music very much. 6. When I
(to look) out of the window, it (to rain) heavily and people (to hurry) along the streets. 7.
What you (to do) at seven o'clock yesterday? — I (to have) supper. 8. When I (to come)
home yesterday, I (to see) that all my family (to sit) round the table. Father (to read) a
letter from my uncle, who (to live) in Kiev. 9. Yesterday I (to work) at my English from
five till seven. 10. It (to rain) the whole day yesterday. 11. Where your sister (to be) now?
— She (to be) in her room. She (to do) her homework. 12. He (to brush) his teeth at the
moment. He (to clean) them thoroughly morning and night. 13. Don't disturb her while she
(to sleep). 14. You (to talk) nonsense. You never (to talk) sense. 15. My mother (to sit) in
the sunlight now and I (to set) the table.
Занятие 6
В следующих предложениях измените время глагола на Present Perfect.
Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The pupils are writing a dictation. 2. My friend is helping me to solve a difficult
problem. 3. I am learning a poem. 4. She is telling them an interesting story. 5. Kate is
sweeping the floor. 6. The waiter is putting a bottle of lemonade in front of him. 7. I am
eating my breakfast. 8. We are drinking water. 9. He is bringing them some meat and
vegetables. 10. You are putting the dishes on the table. 11. They are having tea. 12. She is
taking the dirty plates from the table. 13. The children are putting on their coats. 14. Susan
is making a new dress for her birthday party. 15. She is opening a box of chocolates. 16. I
am buying milk for milk shakes. 17. James is ordering a bottle of apple juice. 18. We are
looking for more CDs with good music. 19. Are you recording your favourite film on his
video recorder? 20. I am translating a difficult article from German into Russian.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 2. She (to live) there last
year. 3. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 4. The rain (to stop) half
an hour ago. 5. Mary (to buy) a new hat. 6. I (to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday. 7. The
wind (to blow) off the man's hat, and he cannot catch it. 8. The weather (to change), and
we can go for a walk. 9. The wind (to change) in the morning. 10. We (to travel) around
Europe last year. 11. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot. 12. I (to see)
30
Pete today. 13. She (to see) this film last Sunday. 14. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours
ago. 15. I just (to meet) our teacher. 16. The children already (to decide) what to do with
the books. 17. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother. 18. I (not to see) you
for a long time. I (to see) you in town two or three days ago, but you (not to see) me. I (to
be) on a bus.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.
1. Tom (to return) from the cinema at five o'clock. 2. Tom (to return) from the cinema by
five o'clock. 3. I (to finish) my homework at seven o'clock. 4. I (to finish) ray homework
by seven o'clock. 5. He (to think) that he (to lose) the money. 6. Ann (to tell) me that she
(to see) an interesting film. 7. When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner. 8.
When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our homework. 9. When the teacher
(to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books. 10. Kate (to give) me the
book which she (to buy) the day before. 11. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which
he (to draw). 12. The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field.
13. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands. 14. The teacher (to understand) that
Lena (not to do) her homework. 15. I (to know) that my friend (not yet to come). 16. When
I (to wake) up yesterday, father already (to go) to work. 17. Nick (to think) that his father
(not yet to come) home. 18. Mary (to tell) us that she (to cook) a good dinner. 19.
Yesterday I (to find) the book which I (to lose) in summer. 20. When we (to come) to the
station, the train already (to leave).
Занятие 7
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление времен в
русском и английском языках.
1. We did not know where our friends went every evening. 2. We did not know where our
friends had gone. 3. She said that her best friend was a doctor. 4. She said that her best
friend had been a doctor. 5. I didn't know that you worked at the Hermitage. 6. I didn't
know that you had worked at the Hermitage. 7. I knew that you were ill. 8. I knew that you
had been ill. 9. We found that she left home at eight o'clock every morning. 10. We found
that she had left home at eight o'clock that morning. 11. When he learnt that his son
always received excellent marks in all the subjects at school, he was very pleased. 12.
When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at school, he was very pleased.
Перепишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени. Обратите
внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложения
от времени главного.
1. My uncle says he has just come back from the Caucasus. 2. He says he has spent a
fortnight in the Caucasus. 3. He says it did him a lot of good. 4. He says he feels better
now. 5. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach. 6. He says they did
a lot of sightseeing. 7. He says he has a good camera. 8. He says he took many
photographs while traveling in the Caucasus. 9. He says he will come to see us next
Sunday. 10. He says he will bring and show us the photographs he took during his stay in
the Caucasus.
Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.
1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting room. 2. He
said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off. 3. I was sure he (posted, had
posted) the letter. 4. I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will
31
not change, would not change) for the worse. 5. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man.
6. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 7. I asked my sister
to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum. 8. He said he (is staying, was
staying) at the Ritz Hotel. 9. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark.
10. He asked me where I (study, studied). 11. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish)
my work at that time. 12. He says he (works, worked) at school two years ago. 13. Victor
said he (is, was) very busy.
Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.
1. Oleg said, "My room is on the second floor." 2. He said, "I am sure she will ring me up
when she is back in St. Petersburg." 3. Misha said, "I saw them at my parents' house last
year." 4. He said; "I haven't seen my cousin today." 5. "I don't go to this shop very often,"
she said. 6. Tom said, "I have already had breakfast, so I am not hungry." 7. He said, "I
have just received a letter from my uncle." 8. "I am going to the theatre tonight," he said
to me. 9. Mike said, "I spoke to Mr. Brown this morning." 10. He said to her, "I shall do it
today if I have time." 11. I said to them, "I can give you my uncle's address."
Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.
1. The woman said to her son, "I am glad I am here." 2. Mike said, "We have bought these
books today." 3. She said to me, "Now I can read your translation." 4. "This man spoke to
me on the road," said the woman. 5. "I can't explain this rule to you," said my classmate to
me. 6. The teacher said to the class, "We shall discuss this subject tomorrow." 7. Our
teacher said, "Thackeray's novels are very interesting." 8. She said, "You will read this
book in the 9th form." 9. Nellie said, "I read 'Jane Eyre' last year." 10. "My friend lives in
Moscow," said Alec. 11. "You have not done your work well," said the teacher to me. 12.
The poor man said to the rich man, "My horse is wild. It can kill your horse." 13. The rich
man said to the judge, "This man's horse has killed my horse."
Занятие 8
Задать все типы вопросов к следующим предложениям
He studies at school
They played computer games yesterday
She is writing test now
11 КЛАСС
Занятие 2
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Passive.
(YESTERDAY) 1. The postbox (to empty) yesterday. 2. The stamps (to postmark) at the
post office. 3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns. 4. The mail (to load) into the
train. 5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 6. The bags (to take) to the post
office. 7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets. 8. The letters (to deliver).
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Future Simple Passive.
(TOMORROW) 1. The postbox (to empty) tomorrow. 2. The stamps (to postmark) at the
post office. 3. The letters (to sort) into the different towns. 4. The mail (to load) into the
train. 5. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 6. The bags (to take) to the post
office. 7. The letters (to sort) into the different streets. 8. The letters (to deliver).
32
Занятие 5
Вставьте частицу to перед инфинитивом, где необходимо.
1. I like ... dance. 2. I'd like ... dance. 3. I shall do all I can ... help you. 4. She made me ...
repeat my words several times. 5. I saw him ... enter the room. 6. She did not let her
mother ... go away. 7. Do you like ... listen to good music? 8. Would you like ... listen to
good music? 9. That funny scene made me ... laugh. 10. I like ... play the guitar. 11. My
brother can ... speak French. 12. We had ... put on our overcoats because it was cold. 13.
They wanted ... cross the river. 14. It is high time for you ... go to bed. 15. May I ... use
your telephone? 16. They heard the girl ... cry out with joy. 17. I would rather ... stay at
home today. 18. He did not want ... play in the yard any more. 19. Would you like ... go to
England? 20. You look tired. You had better ... go home. 21. I wanted ... speak to Nick,
but could not ... find his telephone number. 22. It is time ... get up. 23. Let me ... help you
with your homework. 24. I was planning ... do a lot of things yesterday. 25. I'd like ...
speak to you. 26. I think I shall be able ... solve this problem. 27. What makes you ... think
you are right?
Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивными оборотами.
• E.g. The boy had many toys which he could play with.
The boy had many toys to play to.
1. Here is something which will warm you up. 2. Here is a new brush which you will
clean your teeth with. 3. Here are some more facts which will prove that your theory is
correct. 4. Here is something which you can rub on your hands. It will soften them. 5.
Here are some screws with which you can fasten the shelves to the wall. 6. Here are
some tablets which will relieve your headache. 7. Here are some articles which must be
translated for tomorrow. 8. Who has a pen or a pencil to spare? I need something I
could write with. 9. I have brought you a book which you can read now, but be sure and
return it by Saturday. 10. Soon we found that there was another complicated problem that
we were to consider. 11. The girl was quite young when both her parents died and she
remained alone with two younger brothers whom she had to take care of. 12. I have no
books which I can read. 13. Is there anybody who will help you with your spelling? 14.
Don't forget that she has a baby which she must take care of. 15. Have you got nothing
that you want to say on this subject? 16. There was nothing that he could do except go
home. 17. I have only a few minutes in which I can explain these words to you. 18. I
have an examination which I must take soon, so I can't go to the theatre with you. 19.
King Lear decided to have a hundred knights who would serve him after he had divided
up his kingdom.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. I hate (to bother) you, but the students are still waiting (to give) books for their work. 2.
He seized every opportunity (to appear) in public: he was so anxious (to talk) about. 3. Is
there anything else (to tell) her? I believe she deserves (to know) the state of her sick
brother. 4. He began writing books not because he wanted (to earn) a living. He wanted (to
read) and not (to forget). 5. I consider myself lucky (to be) to that famous exhibition and
(to see) so many wonderful paintings. 6. He seems (to know) French very well: he is said
(to spend) his youth in Paris. 7. The enemy army was reported (to overthrow) the defence
lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city. 8. The woman pretended (to read)
and (not to hear) the bell. 9. You seem (to look) for trouble. 10. It seemed (to snow)
heavily since early morning: the ground was covered with a deep layer of snow. 11. They
33
seemed (to quarrel): I could hear angry voices from behind the door. 12. They are supposed (to work) at the problem for the last two months. 13. The only sound (to hear) was
the snoring of grandfather in the bedroom. 14. Her ring was believed (to lose) until she
happened (to find) it during the general cleaning. It turned out (to drop) between the sofa
and the wall. 15. They seemed (to wait) for ages.
Занятие 6
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.
1. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the
window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the
room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the performance had
already begun. 6. Looking out of the window, he saw his mother watering the flowers. 7.
Hearing the sounds of music, we stopped talking. 8. She went into the room, leaving the
door open. 9. Working at his desk, he listened to a new CD. 10.
Running into the
road, the young man stopped a taxi. 11. Looking through the newspaper, she noticed a
photograph of her boss. 12. Using chemicals, the firemen soon put out the fire in the
forest.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Past Participle.
1. She put a plate of fried fish in front of me. 2. The coat bought last year is too small for
me now. 3. Nobody saw the things kept in that box. 4. My sister likes boiled eggs. 5. We
stopped before a shut door. 6. Tied to the tree, the goat could not run away. 7. They saw
overturned tables and chairs and pieces of broken glass all over the room. 8. This is a
church built many years ago. 9. The books written by Dickens give us a realistic picture of
the 19th century England.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Participle I и Participle II.
1.
a. A letter sent from St. Petersburg today will be in Moscow tomorrow.
b. He saw some people in the post office sending telegrams.
c. When sending the telegram, she forgot to write her name.
2.
a. Some of the questions put to the lecturer yesterday were very important.
b. The girl putting the book on the shelf is the new librarian.
c. While putting the eggs into the basket, she broke one of them.
3.
a. A fish taken out of the water cannot live.
b. A person taking a sunbath must be very careful.
c. Taking a dictionary, he began to translate the text.
4.
a. A line seen through this crystal looks double.
b. A teacher seeing a mistake in a student's dictation always corrects it.
c. Seeing clouds of smoke over the house, the girl cried, "Fire! Fire!"
5.
a. The word said by the student was not correct.
b. The man standing at the door of the train carriage and saying goodbye to his
friends is a well-known musician.
c. Standing at the window, she was waving her hand.
6.
a. A word spoken in time may have very important results.
b. The students speaking good English must help their classmates.
c. The speaking doll interested the child very much.
d. While speaking to Nick some days ago, I forgot to ask him about his sister.
34
Выберите из скобок требующуюся форму причастия.
1. a) The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard is our best pupil.
b) Everything (writing, written) here is quite right.
2. a) We listened to the girls (singing, sung) Russian folk songs.
b) We listened to the Russian folk songs (singing, sung) by the girls.
3. a) The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my sister.
b) The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.
4. a) Who is that boy (doing, done) his homework at that table?
b) The exercises (doing, done) by the pupils were easy.
5. a) The house (surrounding, surrounded) by tall
trees is very beautiful, b) The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very
high.
6. Read the (translating, translated) sentences once more.
7. Name some places (visiting, visited) by you last year.
8. I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor.
9. She was reading the book (buying, bought) the day before.
10. Yesterday we were at a conference (organizing, organized) by the pupils of the 10th
form.
11. (Taking, taken) the girl by the hand, she led her across the street.
12. It was not easy to find the (losing, lost) stamp.
13. I shall show you a picture (painting, painted) by Hogarth.
14. Here is the letter (receiving, received) by me yesterday.
15. Do you know the girl (playing, played) in the garden?
16. The book (writing, written) by this scientist is very interesting.
17. Translate the words (writing, written) on the blackboard.
18. We could not see the sun (covering, covered) by dark clouds.
19. The (losing, lost) book was found at last.
20. (Going, gone) along the street, I met Mary and Ann.
21. Look at the beautiful flowers (gathering, gathered) by the children.
22. His hat (blowing, blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.
23. "How do you like the film?" he asked, (turning, turned) towards me.
24. When we came nearer, we saw two boys (coming, come) towards us.
25. I think that the boy (standing, stood) there is his brother.
Занятие 8
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. Repairing cars is his business. 2. It goes without saying. 3. Have you finished writing?
4. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very healthy. 5.1 like skiing, but my sister
prefers skating. 6. She likes sitting in the sun. 7. It looks like raining. 8. My watch wants
repairing. 9. Thank you for coming. 10. I had no hope of getting an answer before the end
of the month. 11. I had the pleasure of dancing with her the whole evening. 12. Let's go
boating. 13. He talked without stopping. 14. Some people can walk all day without feeling
tired. 15. Living in little stuffy rooms means breathing poisonous air. 16. Iron is found by
digging in the earth. 17. There are two ways of getting sugar: one from beet and the other
from sugarcane. 18. Jane Eyre was fond of reading. 19. Miss Trotwood was in the habit of
asking Mr. Dick his opinion. 20. His father disliked wasting time on such trifles. 21. Avoid
35
making mistakes if you can. 22. The neighbours saved our life by lending us that money.
23. Beethoven continued writing music after he became deaf. 24. Don't make so much fuss
over losing your money.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные формы герундия.
1. The place is worth visiting. 2. Watching football matches may be exciting enough, but
of course it is more exciting playing football. 3. She stopped coming to see us, and I
wondered what had happened to her. 4. Can you remember having seen the man before? 5.
She was terrified of having to speak to anybody, and even more, of being spoken to. 6. He
was on the point of leaving the club, as the porter stopped him. 7. After being corrected by
the teacher, the students' papers were returned to them. 8. I wondered at my mother's
having allowed the journey. 9. I understand perfectly your wishing to start the work at
once. 10. Everybody will discuss the event, there is no preventing it. 11. At last he broke
the silence by inviting everybody to walk into the dining room. 12. On being told the
news, she turned pale.
12 КЛАСС
Занятие 9
Rewrite the sentences in the correct order and translate them into Russian.
1. the table / bump into / Jane / him / heard.
2. the house / you / shaking / feel / don't?
3. sell / I / the car/ say / to / heard / like / he / him / would.
4. most / her / I / reliable / to / person / believed / the / be.
5. with / I'd like / another / to / us / for/ week / you / stay.
6. Anna / this / expect / time / I / her / pass / test / to.
7. exam / cheating / the / Paul / at / noticed / teacher / the.
8. warned / Julia / iron / not / to / use / me / that / faulty.
9. the / I / saw / road / crossing / him.
10. we / our / want / happy / children / to / healthy / and / be.
Translate the following sentences into English.
1. Мои родители хотят, чтобы я хорошо учился.
2. Ольга заметила, как молодой человек попытался вытащить из ее сумочки
кошелек,
3. Она слышала, как ее муж разговаривает по телефону в соседней комнате.
4. Никто не ожидал, что он займет первое место в шахматном турнире.
5. Нам удалось его убедить не переезжать за город.
6. Я хочу, чтобы ты с нами пообедал.
7. Моя учительница английского языка посоветовала мне побольше читать
английских книг.
8. Я бы хотела, чтобы родители разрешили мне пойти на дискотеку сегодня
вечером.
9. Рита не ожидала, что я смогу сдать экзамен по физике так успешно.
10. Он видел, как она открыла входную дверь и ушла.
36
Занятие 17
Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи, начиная каждое
предложение со слов, данных в скобках.
1. Have they sold the picture? (I did not know...) 2. Do they know anything about it? (I
wondered...) 3. Has Jack given you his telephone number? (She asked me...) 4. Is he
coming back today? (I was not sure...) 5. Have you found the book? (She asked me...) 6.
Are there any more books here? (The man asked...) 7. Did she go shopping yesterday (I
wanted to know...) 8. Has she bought the dictionary? (He did not ask her...) 9. Does she
know the name of the man? (I doubted...) 10. Did Boris see the man this morning? (I
asked...)
Передайте следующие вопросительные предложения в косвенной речи.
1. Kate said, "Mike, do you like my dress?" 2. Grandfather said to Mary, "What mark did
you get at school?" 3. My sister said to me, "Will you take me to the theatre with you
tomorrow?" 4. Mother asked me, "Did you play with your friends yesterday?" 5. "Why
don't you play with your friends, Kate?" said her mother. 6. "Do you like chocolates?" said
my little sister to me. 7. "Did you see your granny yesterday, Lena?" asked Mr. Brown. 8.
The doctor asked Nick, "Do you wash your face and hands every morning?" 9. The teacher
said to Mike, "Does your father work at a factory?" 10. Mother said to us, "What are you
doing here?" 11. Father said to Nick, "Have you done your homework?" 12. Tom said,
"Ann, where are your friends?"
Занятие 29
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1. She just (to go) out. 2. She (to leave) the room a moment ago. 3. We (not yet to solve)
the problem. 4. When it all (to happen)? 5. The morning was cold and rainy, but since ten
o'clock the weather (to change) and now the sun is shining brightly. 6. Show me the dress
which you (to make). 7. Oh, how dark it is! A large black cloud (to cover) the sky. I think
it will start raining in a few minutes. 8. Oh, close the window! Look, all my papers (to fall)
on the floor because of the wind. 9. When you (to open) the window? — I (to open) it ten
minutes ago. 10. The sun (not to rise) yet, but the sky in the east is getting lighter every
minute. 11. I (to see) you walking along the street the other day with a heavy bag. 12. I
(not to read) the newspaper today. 13. It is very late, and trams (to stop) running: we must
find a taxi to get home. 14. How many times you (to be) to St. Petersburg? 15. At last I (to
translate) this article: now I shall have a little rest. 16. We (to go) to the country yesterday,
but the rain (to spoil) all the pleasure. 17. My watch was going in the morning, but now it
(to stop). 18. The lecture (not yet to begin) and the students are talking in the classroom.
37
РАЗГОВОРНЫЕ ТЕМЫ
10 КЛАСС
My family
Let me introduce myself. My name is Alexander, Alec for short. At the moment I am a
pupil of the 10th Form. My parents are not old at all. Father is 45 years old, and Mother is
three years his junior. My father works at a big plant as an engineer. He is a good-looking
man, tall, handsome, with dark-brown hair just beginning to go grey. By character my
father is a quite man, a little unpractical while my mother is, energetic and talkative. She is
very attractive, a beautiful woman with large blue eyes and fair hair. My mother is a
teacher of music and plays the piano very well. She always has a lot of work to do about
the house, and we all help her. She manages her house very well.13). My mother is kind
and gentle, very practical and full of common sense.
Besides me, my parents have two more children. Thus I have got an older brother and a
younger sister. My brother, whose name is Michael, is nine years my senior. He is a
builder. Michael is married and has a family of his own. He has a wife and two children - a
son and a daughter. They are twins. They are as like as two peas. It means I have a niece
and a nephew. My younger sister Helen is only eleven. She is a lovely little girl with
golden hair and dark blue eyes. She is always full of joy and gaiety. Helen does well at
school and gets only good and excellent marks. She loves music and dancing and she sings
prettily. She is like a ray of sunshine in the house.
Our family is very united. We like to spend time together watching TV, listening to music
or just talking about the events of the day. Our parents don't always agree to what we say
but they listen to our opinion. All of us like to spend our weekends out of town. We often
go to the village where our grandparents live. They are old-age pensioners now but prefer
to live in the country.
I also have many other relatives: uncles, aunts, cousins and many friends. We are happy
when we are together.
My friends
I have a lot of friends, but my best friend is Mike. He is 16. We made friends when his
family moved to our house.
Mike has an oval face, a straight nose, thick dark hair, blue eyes and an attractive smile.
He is well built, tall and strong. People say he is handsome.
Mike is particularly known for his warm and friendly character. He loves a joke and he
always likes to tell funny stories. Mike is never downhearted. He is a great optimist and he
is always confident that everything will go well.
Mike is interested in computers and he dreams to enter the University. I hope his dream
will come true. We always meet at the weekends. We have much in common. Mike is well
read. He is a real bookworm like me. I always approve of his choice of books. We often
discuss books, listen to modern pop and rock music and go to the stadium.
Mike goes in for sports with great enthusiasm. He plays basketball and football well. His
hobby is bodybuilding. Mike has good manners. He is modest and sincere. He is always
ready to help people when they are in need. I am happy to have such a friend as Mike. I
can fully rely on him and trust him as I would trust myself.
38
English - Speaking countries
Great Britain is the largest Island of the British Isles. It is divided into three parts:
Scotland, England and Wales. The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern
Island. London is the capital of Great Britain.
The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. It's western
coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. The main
rivers of the USA are Mississippi, the Colorado and the Columbia. Washington is the
capital of the USA.
Canada is a country of lakes. It's western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and
its
eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. Ottawa is the capital of Canada. Canada is a capitalist
federal state and a member of the Commonwealth. The population of Canada is over 26
million people.
The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal state with in the Commonwealth of
Nations. Canberra is the capital of Australia. Today there are about sixteen million people
in Australia. The Federal Parliament consist of die Senate and the House of
Representatives.
New Zealand – an independent state and a member of the Commonwealth is situated –
south-east of Australia. The country consists of three large Islands called North Island,
South Island and Stewart Island, and also many small islands. New Zealand is a
mountainous country. Wellington is die capital of New Zealand. The population of New
Zealand is over three million people, more than two thirds of whom live in North Island.
New Zealand is a capitalist self-governing state and a member of the Commonwealth. The
Prime Minister heads the cabinet.
The Great Britain.
The United Kingdom is situated off the northwest coast of Europe between the Atlantic
Ocean on the north and the North Sea on the east. It is separated from the Continent by the
English Channel, 21 miles wide at its narrowest point, and the Straits of Dover.
The United Kingdom includes Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and
Channel Islands. Great Britain, the largest island in Europe, contains England, Scotland
and Wales. It is separated from Belgium and Holland by the North Sea and from Ireland
by the Irish Sea.
The climate of Great Britain is mild and there is a good average rainfall. Fogs often prevail
in many parts of the country.
The surface of England and Ireland is flat, but Scotland and Wales are mountainous. The
highest mountain top in the United Kingdom is Ben Nevis in Scotland (4,406 ft). Many
parts of the country have beautiful green meadows.
The chief rivers are the Thames, the Severn, and the Clyde. The longest river is the
Severn. It is in the southwest of England.
The United Kingdom has few mineral resources, of which the most important are coal and
oil.
Metallurgy, chiefly iron and steel, is vital to other key industries, such as shipbuilding,
mechanical engineering, the automotive industry, electrical engineering and electronics.
The country is the fourth largest exporter of manufactured goods.
The main industrial centres are Sheffield and Birmingham, also Manchester, the cotton
centre of Great Britain, and Leeds is the country's wool producing centre.
39
Agriculture remains a major sector of economy. Britain grows wheat, barley, oats, fruit,
vegetables. The largest cities of the country are London, Birmingham, Manchester,
Cardiff, Glasgow. The important ports are London, Cardiff, Glasgow.
The capital of the country is London, Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland, Cardiff is the
capital of Wales, and Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.
The population of the United Kingdom is over 57 million people.
The United Kingdom is a constitute) as its Head of State. The monarch reigns with the
support of Parliament. The main political parties of Great Britain are: the Conservative
Party (the Tory Party), the Liberal Party and the Labour Party.
London
London, is the capital of Great Britain. It is situated on the banks of the river Thames. It is
the largest city in Great Britain and one of the largest cities in the world. The population of
Greater London is more than 11 million people.
London dominates the life of Britain. It is the chief port of the country and the most
important commercial, manufacturing and cultural centre. There is little heavy industry in
Greater London. Clothes, food, planes and cars are produced there.
London consists of three parts; the City of London, the West End and the East End.
The City is the heart of London. About half a million people work in the City but only
about 6000 live there. It is the business and financial centre of the UK with many banks,
offices and stock exchange.
The West End can be called the centre of London. The main streets and squares, historical
monuments and beautiful parks are in the West End. Hyde Park with its Speaker's Comer
is also here. In the West End there is Buckingham Palace, which is the Queen's residence,
and the Palace of Westminster, which is the seat of Parliament. There one can see a
famous Clock Tower called Big Ben, which is the symbol of London. Big Ben is really the
bell, which strikes the hour. The best-known streets in the West End are Whitehall - the
political centre with important government offices, Fleet Street where most newspapers
have their offices, Downing Street, the London residence of Prime Minister and others. In
the West End the largest stores, cinemas, hotels, concert halls, theatres and museums are
situated.
As for the East End, it is the area where workers and dockers live. It is not very attractive
in appearance but very important to the country's commerce.
Canada
Canada has an area of nearly ten million square kilometres. Its western coast is
washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. There are many
islands in the north of Canada.
Canada has mountains, high plains and low plains. The Rocky Mountains run
parallel to the Pacific coast. East of these mountains are the high plains. The low plains lie
in the region of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River. There are also mountains
which run parallel to Canada's east coast, in Labrador and Baffin Island.
Canada is a country of lakes. Besides the Great Lakes – Lakes Superior, Huron, Erie
and Ontario (the fifth Great Lake, Michigan, lies in the USA), there are many other very
large lakes, for example, Great Bear Lake, Great Slave Lake and Lake Winnipeg.
Canada also has large rivers: the Mackenzie flows from the Rocky Mountains into
the Arctic Ocean, the Yukon rises in Canada and flows into the Pacific, the St. Lawrence
River flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
40
The Niagara Tails are one of the most splendid sights in the world.
Since the building of the St. Lawrence Seaway the Great Lakes and the St.
Lawrence River form a great water-way from the Atlantic to the heart of the country.
Canada has several climatic regions. Winter in Canada lasts from four to five
months with heavy snowfalls. There is much rain in the east and west, but less in the
centre.
The north of the country near the Arctic is tundra with great forests to the south. The
central plains form the prairies.
The population of Canada is over 26 million people. In the country there are
330,000 Indians and 25,000 Eskimos, who live mostly in the North. Today more than 40
per cent of the people of Canada came originally from Britain, about 30 per cent from
France and 20 per cent from other countries. The Canadian constitution has no articles
guaranteeing the Indians and Eskimos equality with other citizens of the country, and their
struggle for their rights goes on for a long time.
The capital of Canada is Ottawa. Other large important towns are Montreal, Toronto,
Vancouver, Edmonton, Hamilton, Winnipeg and Quebec.
Canada is rich in metal ores, oil and gas, and the metal, machine-building, motor-car
and ship-building industries are highly developed.
The hydroelectric industry is highly developed, its main centres are in the provinces
of Quebec and Ontario. There is a very large hydro-electric station at the Niagara Fails.
Canada’s main agricultural products are wheal, meal, some kind of fruit, especially apples
and dairy product.
The provinces of Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia, with their great forest,
produce wood for paper-making and building.
Many of the lakes and rivers are polluted today and few of them have fish now. But
Canada's fishing industry is still important on both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts.
Canada's largest ports are Vancouver, Montreal and Halifax.
Canada is Federal state and a member of the Commonwealth. Formally the head of
the state is the King or Queen of England represented by the Governor-General.
The Federal Parliaments consist of the provinces and two territories. Each province
has its own government.
The Federal Parliament consists of the Senate, whose members are appointed by the
Governor-General, and the House of Commons, elected by the people for a period of five
years.
There are several political parties which are represented in Parliament: the
Progressive Conservative Party, the Liberal Party and the New Democratic Party. These
are all bourgeois parties serving the interests of the capitalist class.
The Commonwealth of Australia. New Zealand
New Zealand is an independent state. It has got total area of 269,000 square kilometres. It
is situated to south-east of Australia. Nearly 3.5 million people live in the country. The
capital of New Zealand is Wellington. (It has been the capital since 1865.) The official
language is English. The climate of New Zealand is moist. New Zealand is rich in
minerals. There are some main industries in the country, for example, iron and steel
industry. The country has gas and petroleum. There are many mountains in New Zealand.
The highest is Mount Cook (12,349 feet).
41
There are many rivers and lakes in the country. The chief rivers are the Waikato and the
Wairu. You have heard about the native animals in the country. One of them is the kiwi.
This interesting bird lives in the wet parts of the thick bushes. In the day time the bird does
not go out. It comes out only at night to find food. Kiwis cannot fly. Many years ago kiwis
were hunted for food. Now the government does not permit the hunting of kiwis. The kiwi
is now the symbol of the New Zealand people. Small children are often called kiwis.
New Zealand is a self-governing state. The Parliament consists of one House only, the
House of Representatives. The Prime Minister is the head of the government.
There are some political parties in New Zealand. They are: the Labour Party, the National
Party, the Party of Socialist Unity and others.
New Zealand has got heavy industry. There are many plants in the country. Paper and
rubber industries are developed too. New Zealand exports apples and
honey.
There are some big cities such as Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch, Dunedin, Nelson.
Auckland, Dunedin, Wellington are the main ports of the country.
The capital of the country is Wellington. It is a financial centre too. The city was founded
in 1840.
There are some educational and cultural institutions in Wellington. They are the
University of New Zealand, Victoria University College and others. Victoria University
was established in 1897.
New Zealand is a very interesting and beautiful country.
WORDS
moist
влажный
wet
мокрый, дождливый
export
экспортировать
rich
богатый
situated
расположенный
climate
климат
iron
железо
honey
мед
main, chief
главный
rubber
резина
permit
разрешать, позволять
hunt
охотиться
petroleum
нефть
native
местный, туземный
The Commonwealth of Australia.
The Commonwealth of Australia is a self-governing federal state. It has got six states:
New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, Tasmania
and two internal territories.
It is situated in the south-west of the Pacific Ocean.
The area of this country has got 7,687,000 square kilometres. Australia is the largest island
in the world and it is the smallest continent. The Dutch were the first Europeans to visit
Australia. In 1770 the English captain James Cook discovered the east coast of Australia.
Nearly twenty million people live in Australia.
42
The capital of the country is Canberra. The city became the capital in 1927. Federal
Government works in Canberra in the government buildings. It is interesting to know, that
there are no industrial plants in Canberra.
The population of Canberra is about 300,000 people.
There are many sights in the city. They are the Building of the Australian Academy of
Sciences, the Australian National University and others. There are two big industrial cities
in Australia: Sydney and Melbourne.
Australia's climate is dry and warm. Australia is situated in the southern hemisphere and
that's why it has summer, when we have winter and it has winter, when we have summer.
It is interesting to know, that January is the hottest month in Australia.
Australia is separated from many countries. The animals in Australia have a lot of original,
and they are interesting.
The dingo is one of Australia's wild animals. It is reddish, brown or yellow. The dingo is a
wild dog, which kills other animals at night, sheep, for example. They can kill hens,
chickens and small dogs.
You can see the kangaroo there. The kangaroo has got the pouch in which it carries her
cub. There are many birds in the country, too. One can see parrots and cockatoos. The emu
is the most interesting bird in Australia. It is big and can't fly.
There are many rivers and lakes in the country.
Australia is an industrial country. It has coal, nickel, zinc, gold. Several factories and
plants work in the country. Australia is one of the most important producers of metals and
minerals. It exports wool production, meat, fruit, sugar.
The country is situated near the ocean. Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane are the ports of the
country.
There are many universities, theatres and museums in Australia.
There are some political parties in Australia: the Liberal Party, the Labour Party and the
Socialist Party of Australia.
WORDS
commonwealth
государство
Pacific Ocean
Тихий океан
Canberra
г. Канберра (столица Австралии)
hemisphere
полушарие
internal
внутренний
cub
детеныш
wild
дикий
sights
достопримечательности
pouch
мешочек, сумка
11 КЛАСС
Pskov
Pskov is one of the most ancient Russian cities. It was founded in 8-th century and first
mentioned In the Chronicles in the year 903. The history of Pskov is closely connected
with the history of our country. It was probably founded as a clan center of Krivici tribe on
the important trade ways Northern Europe. And since that time Pskov has been the WestNorth fortress of the East Slavonic Russian land.
43
The medieval history of Pskov is connected with the names of Saint Princess Olga,
Alexander Nevsky, and Prince Dumont. Medieval Pskov was one of the important centers
of Christianity, cultural and education. Among the historical monuments of that time we
can see the Kremlin with the Trinity cathedral the Snetogorsky and the Mirozhsky
monastery and more than 40 churches individual in architecture and style. Kremlin is the
heart of the city; it's most admirable and holy place. Mirozhsky monastery, know for its
unique frescoes of the 12l century is in the UNESCO list of the finest masterpieces of the
world art.
Pskov ecclesiastical architectural school was formed in 13th century. Its monuments of
pskovian arhitectectural style are: the churches of St. Basil-on-the-hill, St.Nicholas-on-theUsokha, the Assumption-by-the-Ferry, and St. George-on-the-Ascent.
Numerous historical monuments attract many tourists. They also visit Pskov historical
museum housed in the Pogankin Chambers. It includes Art Gallery, Archaeological
expositions and collection.; of icons, silver coins. To have a good idea of the history of
Pskov one should see numerous objects on display there.
Pskov suffered greatly during the Second World War. When the city was liberated in
1944,it was laid in ruins. After the war it was rebuilt and reconstructed. New residential
districts appeared; new buildings and parks decorated the city.
Nowadays Pskov is an industrial, cultural and educational center in the Northwest of
Russia. Its population is more than 200 000 people now.
Travelling
I like to travel. First of all, the members of our family usually have long walks in the
country. Such walks are called hikes. If we want to see the country-side, we have to spend
a part of our summer holidays on hikes. It is useful for all members of our family. We take
our rucksacks, we don't think about tickets, we don't hurry up and we walk a lot. During
such hikes we see a lot of interesting places, sometimes we meet interesting people.
I like to travel by car. It is interesting too, because you can see many things in a short time.
When we go by car, we don't take tickets too, we put all things we need in a car. We don't
carry them.
It is comfortable to travel by train and by plane. When I travel by plane, I don't spend a lot
of time going from one place to another. But it is difficult to buy tickets for the plane.
That's why we take our tickets beforehand. I like to fly. If I travel by train or by plane my
friends see me off at the railway station or in the airport. Sometimes we go to the seaside
for a few days. As usual the weather is fine. It is warm, we can swim. It is a pleasure to
watch white ships.
I think that travelling is a very useful thing for us and I enjoy all kinds of travelling very
much.
WORDS
hike
прогулка
rucksack
рюкзак
on foot
пешком
12 КЛАСС
Sport means health
They say, "Health is above wealth". Thousands of people consider sports to be very
helpful in gaining good health. That's why every country pays much attention to
44
developing sports. It is sport that helps to bring up physically strong, strong-willed,
courageous and energetic people.
Unfortunately, it is very difficult to find time forgoing in for sports regularly. People have
become too busy nowadays. There are quite a number of people who prefer watching
sporting events rather than taking part in them. They are so-called sport fans. They pack
stadiums during sport matches and competitions, they sit glued to the TV, and they are
ready to give every moral support to their favourite sportsmen or teams.
In the meantime thousands of people devote their spare time to going in for sports. They
play indoor and outdoor games: volleyball, basketball, table-tennis, hockey, law-tennis.
The number of participants and spectators show that the most popular games are
basketball, hockey and, of course, football. A lot of people go in for track-and-field
athletics, cycling, boxing, wrestling, gymnastics and so on.
Hockey, figure skating, skiing and skating are among the most popular winter sports. In
summer swimming is enjoyed by millions of people. There are also many indoor
swimming pools, which make swimming possible all the year round. Cycling is useful
exercise, too, because it takes you out into the fresh air and gives much work to all the
muscles. So if you arrange your day correctly you can find an opportunity for sports.
Physical training is an essential part of young people's development. All pupils and
students have regular training at PT lessons. These classes are enjoyed by everybody as
they give a lot of energy, develop muscles, make pupils strong, quick and healthy. From
time to time different kinds of competitions are organized at school or between schools.
The most popular sports at school are basketball, football and volleyball. Besides, pupils
and students attend a lot of sports clubs and sports sections after classes, where they take
up their favourite kind of sport. So if you think that physical fitness and health are
important you are to go in for sports.
My hobby
Hobby is a favourite occupation which people like to do when they have some free time.
We choose a hobby according to our character and taste. Very often our hobby helps us to
choose our future profession because we learn a lot of new things.
Many people are interested in music. Others like reading or going on hikes, taking
photographs or knitting. People living in cities and towns like to be closer to nature. They
get away from the tiresome and dusty cities to enjoy the countryside. For example,
gardening and growing flowers is the most common hobby among Englishmen.
All the members of our family have their own hobbies. My mother enjoys knitting, and my
father is fond of collecting stamps. My brother's favourite occupation is playing different
computer games, and my sister's hobby is cooking.
As for me, I am keen on music and whenever I have some free time I go to the Concert
Hall. I like to go to the concerts. I take a special liking to the concerts. I take a special
liking to the music of the Russian composers and I try not to miss solo concerts or symphonic orchestras by our famous conductors. I like piano concerts, especially Chopin's
waltzes. I like the violin too. My friend has a good ear for music, she goes to school for
violin lessons. She accompanies me all the time when I go to the concert hall. We enjoy
music very much.
45
Достижения России в искусстве. Лермонтов
There are many great poets and writers in Russia. But my favourite poet is Lermontov.
He was born in Moscow in a noble family, the poet spent his youth at Tarkany, his
grandmother's estate in the province of Penza.
In 1830 Lermontov entered Moscow University, but very soon he had to leave it. Then he
entered St. Petersburg school of Cavalry Cadets. He finished it in 1834 and was given a
commission in the Hussar Regiment of the Imperial Guard.
In 1837 the poet was exiled to the Caucasus for his poem on Pushkin's death in which
Lermontov put the blame for it on the ruling circles of Russia under Nicholas I. In 1841
Lermontc was sent into exile to the Caucasus for the second time. As a result of intrigues
by the officers he was provoked into a personal quarrel with an old schoolfellow, which
led to the dual. On July 15, 1841 the poet was killed. He was not even twenty seven years
old.
Lermontov began writing when he was very young. One of his first writings to be
publisher in 1835 was his tale verse 'Hadji Abrek'. But Lermontov became famous after
his poem on the death of Pushkin. Whether Lermontov chose to write poetry, prose or
drama, the stamp of his genius was always to be found on it.
Lermontov's poems 'The Demon', 'Mtsyri' and the 'Lay of the Merchant Kalashnikov', his
innumerable lyrics, his novel 'A Hero of Our 'time' and his play 'Masquerade' are
masterpieces oi Russian literature. Lermontov was tremendously influenced in his writings
by the ideas of the Decembrists. Lermontov's poems are the profession of faith of an
independent and free man.
As a poet and a thinker Lermontov exerted an immense influence on all the literature that
followed.
День Святого Валентина
Valentine's Day is celebrated on February 14th as a festival of romance and
affection. People send greeting cards called "valentines" to their sweethearts, friends, and
members of their families.
Many valentines have romantic poems; others are humorous. But almost all
valentines ask "Be My Valentine." This may mean be my friend or be my love or be my
companion. Valentines often show a cupid with an arrow. Cupid, also called Eros, was the
ancient Roman god of love.
Valentine's Day in not a legal holiday; schools and banks are open as usual.
Merchants sell valentines and decorations for Valentine's Day parties and dances. AH the
decorations are bright red, and the most popular ones are heart shaped.
School children decorate their classrooms with bright red paper hearts and celebrate
the day in their classroom. They also make valentine cards for their friends and parents.
Red is the color most often used in valentines because it is a symbol of warmth and
feelings. This is the reason that red roses have long been a symbol of love. Pink is a
mixture of red and white and is quite commonly used also. White is the symbol of purity
and is a color often used in valentines. It is believed that the bridal veil may have inspired
the use of lace on valentines.
Stores advertise heavily for this holiday since it is traditional for sweethearts,
spouses, and members of the family to exchange gifts on Valentine's Day. Heart shaped
boxes of candy, jewelry and flowers are some of the popular gifts given on this day.
46
Many newspapers carry advertisements or messages placed by people in love. Both
men and women want to let their sweethearts know how much they love them. On
Valentine's Day, many radio stations play romantic music all day long. One very famous
song is called "My Funny Valentine".
Valentine's Day is a day to share loving feelings with friends and family. It has
become traditional for many couples to become engaged on this day. Also, famous couples
are remembered. Some of them are Romeo and Juliet, Caesar and Cleopatra, among
others. This is a happy day because it is specially dedicated to celebrate love, affection and
friendship.
Leisure time hobby
What is a hobby? It is a favourite occupation of a person in his free time. There are
hundreds of personal interests and ways of spending one's free time.
Some people are very interested in dancing. They attend classes of classical or modern
ballet, or they like folk dancing. So they devote their leisure time to this kind of
occupation.
Quite a lot of people are great cinema- or theatre-goers. It's their hobby not to miss a film
or a play, which they consider to be worth seeking.
Thousands of people are passionate readers. They think it is a very useful occupation as it
gives them a lot of information, broadens their mind and enriches their life experience.
Young people are mostly fond of pop- or rock-music. They collect records or tape
recordings of their favourite groups or singers. They go to concerts, to discotheques, they
can listen to the music from morning till night. Many boys and girls take musical classes
where they learn to sing or to play different musical instruments.
Young girls and lots of women spend much time knitting or sewing. They want to look
nice and attractive. Some women and men take up cooking, gardening or growing flowers.
But perhaps one of the most popular ways of spending time of leisure is collecting things.
People collect various things: stamps, coins, postcards, stones, shells, dolls, badges and so
on and so forth. Philately is definitely the most popular hobby. Some people take it up
very passionately. They spend long hours sitting at a table and arranging new stamps in the
albums, or just looking their collection through. Indeed, each stamp has a story to tell
about distant countries and strange people. Stamps have pictures of animals and birds
living in jungles or on far-away islands. Kings and presidents pass before your eyes and
you can follow the history of whole nations. So a stamp collection is not only a good
textbook of history and geography, it is also a source of information on many other
subjects.
Ecological problem
About two hundred years ago man lived in greater harmony with his environment because
industry was not much developed. Today the situation is quite different. People all over
the world are worried about what is happening to the environment. Newspapers and
magazines write about water pollution, air pollution and land pollution. Fish dies in the
lakes, rivers and seas, forest trees die too. Much of this dangerous waste goes into the air
and is carried by winds for great distances. The Earth is our home. We must take care of it,
for ourselves and for the next generations. This means keeping our environment clean.
Each of us must do everything possible to keep the land, air and water clean.
47
The cinema
Cinematography has rather a long story. Owing to the work of the great American
engineer Thomas Alva Edison, thousands of people got an opportunity of enjoying this
kind of art. It was he who created a machine to show films and made one of the first
cinema films. The first real film show took place a hundred years ago in Paris, 1895, when
a group of 33 people saw a short film about a train coming to a railway station. Since then
many thousands of films have been shot in different countries.
The majority of all the films are made with great professional skill. And it's far from being
easy to shoot a good film. The film that we see at the cinema is the product of joint efforts
of many people. First, a good screenplay should be written or chosen. Camera work should
be superb. The designer should properly think over the setting. Besides, acting should be
excellent. And, of course, everything and everybody is directed by the film producer who
is responsible for the artistic side of the film.
A great number of various films are released every year. They differ in artistic value as
well as in genre. There are films based on novels or plays (so-called "screen versions") and
films which deal with historical events. In such films you can see the familiar characters
and you feel satisfied if they look exactly as you have pictured them. Epics (such as "War
and Peace") are films depicting heroic events of the past on a grand scale, often with vast
crowd scenes. Musicals, the successors of musical comedy, are films with songs and
dances. Thrillers are films describing some thrilling events usually connected with crime,
especially murder. Horror films are films with mysterious and supernatural happenings,
ghosts and monsters. Westerns are films with fast action, uncomplicated heroes, and clear
cut conflicts between good and evil. Science fiction films offer the viewer flying saucers,
extraterrestrial living beings, space battles and explosions of planets.
Many films nowadays raise urgent problems facing contemporary society: ecology, ethnic
conflicts, politics and moral, rise in crime and others. Cinema films help us to study these
problems, to see our drawbacks and understand our life better.
Достижения в искусстве страны изучаемого языка. William Shakespeare
British literature is very rich. You can always find a city connected with a famous
writer. I would like to tell about William Shakespeare.
William Shakespeare was one of the greatest and famous writers of the world. Many
people know and like his works, but many facts of Shakespeare's life are still unknown.
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-on Avon, a small English town. He
studied at local grammar school because his father wanted his son to be an educated
person. While studying at school, William didn't have much free time but he liked to go to
the forest and river Avon.
Young William liked to watch actors and actresses who visited Stratford-on Avon.
He was fond of actor's profession and decided to become an actor. With this purpose he
went to London. There he played and wrote plays as well. In his works he described the
events of England contemporary life. His plays that were staged in many theatres and
which were then translated into many languages made Shakespeare a very popular person.
In all Shakespeare wrote thirty seven plays. He cooperated wish the best English
theatres during twenty five years. His best and the most famous plays are "Othello", "King
Lear", "Hamlet", "Romeo and Juliet".
Besides plays Shakespeare wrote a lot of poetry, which is translated into many
languages and is well-known through-out the world.
48
William Shakespeare died in 1616. But his creations are still popular now and
millions of people still admire them.
The media in the life of society
The mass media plays an important role in our everyday life. In fact it is an essential
part of modern society. Press, radio and TV keep people informed on the latest and most
sensational events.
Millions of copies of newspapers are printed in our country every day. All the most
important questions of social, economic, scientific and cultural life, moral and ecological
problems are published hi the press and discussed on TV. Opinions clash, officials and
political parties are subjected to criticism whatever their position may by. The mass media
is constantly trying to stimulate interest in every aspect of life of the country.
Newspapers, magazines and TV programmes for youth reflect the young people's
hopes and wishes, their leisure and education, their attitudes and opinions. Of course such
programmes, magazines and newspapers mostly deal with leisure, especially music and
the cinema. But TV programmes like «Up to 16 and beyond» and newspapers like el am
young» also offer young people advice of a college or a job and help them to choose the
right course in solving their problems.
Not only young people, but all categories of readers often write to their favourite
programmes or publications, offering their opinions or asking for advice. In this way
constant contact between the media and the public exists and develops.
Another kind of link between the public and the media which appeared recently is
advertising. (The mass media helps us with information about new goods and services. But
some people are tired of advertisements and don't like to see their favourite films or
programmes interrupted by them. I hope some way will be found to solve this problem.
For example, in Great Britain, there; are two organizations providing TV and radio
services. The BBC is state-funded and there is absolutely no advertising in BBC
programmes, and in the programmes of the Independent Television, the advertising is also
restricted.
In Russia nowadays, there are many national daily and weekly newspapers. There
are also local newspapers in all parts of Russia, and one can find newspapers and
magazines for sports fans, music fans and, so on. Our family subscribes to Izuestiya (Trud,
Sevodnia etc.) and Vecherny Peterburg (Smena etc.) because they are informative,
interesting and objective. My father is interested in sport, so he sometimes buys «Sportexpress» at the newsstands. I'm not very interested in politics and economics, so I
sometimes buy newspapers and magazines about music and the cinema.
Television
Television nowadays has become one of the most important mass media. It informs,
educates and entertains people. It influences the way people look at the world and makes
them change their views. In other words, mass media, and especially television, mould
public opinion.
Millions of people like to watch TV in their spare time. The TV set now is not just a piece
of furniture. It is someone who is one of the families. There are two viewpoints on
television. Some people think that television is doing a lot of harm. People begin to forget
how to occupy their free time. It prevents them from communicating with each other, from
visiting friends, or relatives. And indeed, people used to have hobbies, they used to go
49
outside for amusements to the theatres, cinemas, sporting events. They used to read books
and listen to music. Now all free time is given to television.
But there are a lot of people who consider TV to be helpful because it gives us a lot of
information. We become better informed by watching documentaries, science programs
and by learning the most important economic, social and political issues of the day. We
can see famous people, great events that will pass into history. Television gives wonderful
possibilities for education: you can take a TV course in history, economy, in learning
foreign languages and in many other subjects. Television brings the world in your livingrooms. We see people in our country and in other lands, and learn their customs,
occupations, and problems. TV gives us opportunities to see the best actors and
performances, to hear the latest news, to listen to political discussions. To crown it all, TV
simply helps us to relax after a hard day's work, giving a great variety of entertaining and
musical programs. Still, it's not a good thing for children to be glued to the TV screen all
day long. It's very harmful for their health and for developing personalities, because
children prefer low-standard hits, horror films or banal serials. All this by no means
contributes to what we call making a personality.
The press
Together with television and radio, the press is a very important means of mass media.
The main aim of the press is keeping people informed on all topical issues of the day.
There is practically no family that doesn't subscribe to one or two newspapers or
magazines. Besides, you can always buy the latest issue of the newspaper you need at any
news-stall. Most newspapers appear daily, some of them come out weekly. As for the
magazines, they are monthly as a rule.
All newspapers cover the main topics of our life. They publish material about politics and
different viewpoints on it. You can read interesting articles about economy and get
acquainted with a lot of ideas of what people are to do if they want to live better. Some
papers carry articles on science, engineering, medicine, and education.
Many newspapers have publications about international events, about the life of the people
in all parts of the world. They also keep you informed on the events in so-called "hot
points". Sometimes you can read some extraordinary and sensational articles. Sportsmen
and sports fans can find comments on the most exciting sporting events and matches. TV
viewers and radio listeners can get information about TV- and radio-programs. The last
pages of any newspaper are given, as a rule, to those readers who need some practical
advice in gardening, cooking, growing flowers, etc. You can also find here some funny
stories, puzzles, crosswords and all that sort of thing that may entertain you. It is not an
easy thing to issue a newspaper. The editor-in-chief is at the head of every newspaper. He
governs the editional board, every member of which is responsible for his own section in
the paper. The editional board usually writes editorials for the newspaper that deals with
the topical issues of the day. As for the articles of other columns they are written by the
reporters or by the special correspondents who work for this newspaper. Their reports give
full coverage of the most important international and domestic events and news items.
Достижения в науке и технике Великобритании. Michael Faraday
Wonderful inventions have been made in science and technology. These advances
are changing the lifestyle of people all over the world. And one of the invention was made
by M. Faraday.
50
Michael Faraday was born in London in a poor family. He did not learn much and
spent a lot of time playing in the streets when he was a small boy.
When he was fourteen he got some work in a bookseller's shop. It was important that he
worked for a bookseller. He read as many books as he could.
Some talks about science were given at that time in London. Faraday wanted to go
to these talks, but he had no money to pay. So his brother who was a working man helped
him with the money.
One day Michael went to a talk by Humphry Davy, England's greatest scientist of
the time. He liked it so much that he tried to „ get work in Davy's laboratory, but there was
no work for him.
A few months later the great scientist remembered the young boy and Michael
became Davy's laboratory assistant.
Working with Davy, Michael Faraday received an important education. Like Davy,
he became interested in electricity.
In those days scientists knew little about electricity. Michael Faraday spent long
weeks and months studying it. At last he saw that electricity could be made by a machine.
This was the beginning of all the great machines that make our electricity today. Without
them we can have no electricity. We can have no telephones, no radio and no television.
Each of these things is invention e made for man by the work of Faraday and others with
electricity.
Faraday studied different sciences, not- only electricity. Do you know about it? We
hope you do.
science [΄saiəns] — наука;
scientist [΄saiəntistl — ученый;
assistant [ə΄sistənt]
electricity [ılek΄trısıtı] — электричество;
study [΄stdı] — изучать, учиться;
invention [ın΄ven∫n] — изобретение
Books in our life
Books... I think, that we can't live without them.
I consider, that books are with us during all our life. When I was a child my parents read
them to me. I was pleased to listen to the stories and tales. I learned a lot of interesting
things from books. I remember, I liked thick books.
Later I could read myself. I like to read books about animals, nature, and children.
I like to get presents on my birthday. I am happy if it is a book. It doesn't matter what kind
of book it is. I like to read almost all the books. If I have got time I like to spend it with my
favourite book. When I was 15 I was fond of reading too. But I prefered to read books
about travels. I travelled with the heroes of the stories. I saw many interesting places and
learned a lot of important facts about other countries and people.
Now I like to read books on science. You can learn many things from books. I am sure,
that books play a very important role in my life.
Our family has got many books. All the members of our family buy books and read them.
My mother says that books help us in self-education. In ancient times books were written
by hand. It was difficult to write a book with a pen. Then printing came into our life.
Printing played an important role in the development of literature and culture.
51
Now there are a lot of books in the shops, there are many books in our flats. But it is
difficult to buy all the books which we want to read. That's why we get books in public
libraries.
Sometimes it is difficult to solve some problems of life. I think that books can help us.
Last year I read a very interesting book "An American Tragedy" by Theodore Dreiser.
This novel was published at the beginning of the 20th century. The novel describes the
tragic fate of a boy and a girl, Clyde and Roberta by name. It is a sad story. This novel was
written many years ago, but it is popular nowadays. Books must be our friends during all
our life.
WORDS
1. ancient
— древний
2. printing
— печатание, печать
3. development
— развитие
4. human
— человеческий
5. solve
— решать
6. Theodor Dreiser (1871—1945) — Теодор Драйзер, американский писатель
Достижения в науке и техники в России. Юрий Гагарин
One of the greatest achievement of the 20th century was the flights into space.
The first cosmonaut is Yuri Gagarin. His life and work are a great example to all
young people.
Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin was born in the village of Klushino in the Smolensk
region on March 9, 1934, into the family of a collective farmer.
In 1951 he graduated from a vocational school in the town of Lyubertsy, near
Moscow, and at the same time he finished an evening school.
When he was a schoolboy, his favourite subjects were physics and mathematics. He
read a lot of books.
Yuri Gagarin began to fly while he was a student of a technical secondary school in
Saratov. He was a member of an aero-club.
In 1955 he entered a flying school. Two years later he became a pilot and soon he
joined the first group of Soviet cosmonauts.
In the summer of 1960 Yuri Gagarin joined the Communist Party. That was the
most important day of his life.
On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin flew into space for the first time in history. He
spent 108 minutes there.
When he came back in his spaceship Vostok, he was made a Hero of the Soviet
Union and awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star Medal.
Yuri Gagarin visited many countries. Millions of people saw him and listened to
him. They greeted him as a great patriot of the Soviet land.
Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin was commander e of the cosmonaut group; he prepared
to fly in a new spaceship.
He did not go into space again, but the people will always remember him as the
world's first space pilot, a Soviet hero.
cosmonaut [΄kozməno:t]
vocational [vou΄kei∫ənl] school — ремесленное училище
technical [΄teknikal] secondary [΄sekəndərı] school — техникум
space — космос;
gold — золото, золотой;
commander [kə'mα:ndə]
52
САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ
Самостоятельная работа 1.
Поставьте следующие существительные и словосочетания во множественное
число (обратите внимание на артикли: неопределенный артикль во
множественном числе опускается, определенный артикль сохраняется).
A baby, a plant, a brush, a man, a woman, a shelf, a goose, the watch, a mouse, a tomato, a
secretary, this magazine, that window.
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
That is a snail. 2. Is this a bookcase? 3. Is that a ball? 4. It is not a girl. 5. It isn’t a bag.
Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя
притяжательный падеж.
1. The ball of the dog. 2. The skateboard of that man. 3. The songs of the children. 4. The
umbrella of my grandmother.
Вставьте some, any, по, something, anything, nothing, everything somewhere,
anywhere, nowhere, everywhere или оставьте пропуски незаполненными, смотря
по смыслу.
1. There are ... buses today and I can't go shopping. 2. Please don't offer her ... chips. She
doesn't want ... . 3. Is there ... snow in the street this morning?
4. My husband taught his son ... he knows. 5. Her patient has a bad memory. She can't
remember ... . 6. Does he know ... about computers? — Yes, he knows ...
7. I can't find my book .... I have looked all over the house. 8. Johnny lives ... near
Chicago. 9. Do you live ... near them?
Самостоятельная работа 2.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.
1. My sister (to get) up at eight o'clock. 2. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in
the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day.
4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 5. After breakfast she
(to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak)
French well.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future
Simple.
1. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o'clock yesterday. 3. I
(to go) to bed at ten o'clock tomorrow. 4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day. 5. I (not to
go) to the cinema yesterday. 6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 7. You (to watch) TV
every day? 8. You (to watch) TV yesterday? 9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow? 10. When
you (to leave) home for school every day? 11. When you (to leave) home for school
yesterday? 12. When you (to leave) home for school tomorrow?
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present
Simple, Past Simple, Present Continuous, Past Continuous.
Where you (to be) yesterday? — I (to be) at home the whole day. — How strange. I (to
ring) you up at two o'clock, but nobody (to answer). — Oh, I (to be) in the garden. I (to
read) your book and (not to hear) the telephone.
53
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1. Helen speaks French so well because she (to live) in France. 2. She (to live) there last
year. 3. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again. 4. The rain (to stop) half
an hour ago. 5. Mary (to buy) a new hat.
Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.
1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting room. 2. He
said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off. 3. I was sure he (posted, had
posted) the letter. 4. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man. 5. I want to know what he
(has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 6. He asked me where I (study, studied). 7. I
thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time. 13. He says he (works,
worked) at school two years ago.
Передайте следующие повествовательные предложения в косвенной речи.
1. Oleg said, "My room is on the second floor." 2. She said to me, "Now I can read your
translation." 3. "This man spoke to me on the road," said the woman.
Самостоятельная работа 3.
1. Составить словосочетания
flat
desert
deep
mountain
heavy
canyon
useless
prairie
high
forest
extensive
relief
2. Артикли с географическими названиями. Поставить Артикль the, где
необходимо.
USA, Simpson Desert, Great Britain, Moscow, Mt. Elbrus, Volga, Russia, Rockies,
Atlantic Ocean, Jamaica, New York, Hawaiin islands.
3. Перевести предложения, обращая внимание на союзы и выражения.
a). Because Australia is cut off from the rest of the world, its wildlife is so uniqe.
b). Thanks to its geographical position, Great Britain has got more than 300 ports.
4. Какие личные качества типичны для американцев, русских, англичан (по
текстам учебника В.П. Кузовлева).
Love of compromise, willingless to experiment, love of Gardening, submission, risktaking, sense of community.
Russians
Americans
the British
5. Образовать косвенные вопросы от следующих вопросов, обращая внимание на
порядок слов. Косвенные вопросы начинаются с вежливых фраз
Do you know…? Can/ could you tell me…?
a) What time is it now?
b) Where does she live?
c) What are Florida s nicknames?
d) Where did he live?
6. Написать 5 предложений на тему: «Where would You like to live?»
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7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Passive, Future Simple
Passive и Present Simple Passive.
1. The postbox (to empty) yesterday. 2. The stamps (to postmark) at the post office. 3. The
letters (to sort) into the different towns. 4. The mail (to load) into the train. 5. The
mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 6. The postbox (to empty) tomorrow. 7. The
stamps (to postmark) at the post office. 8. The letters (to sort) into the different towns. 9.
The mail (to load) into the train. 10. The mailbags (to unload) after their journey. 11. The
museum (to open) at nine o’clock. 12. She often (to send) to post-office. 13. These books
always (to ask). 14. The flowers (to water) in the evening by me.
Самостоятельная работа 4.
Вставьте частицу to перед инфинитивом, где необходимо.
1. I like ... dance. 2. I'd like ... dance. 4. She made me ... repeat my words several times. 5.
I saw him ... enter the room. 6. She did not let her mother ... go away. 8. Would you like
... listen to good music? 11. My brother can ... speak French. 13. They wanted ... cross the
river. 14. It is high time for you ... go to bed. 15. May I ... use your telephone? 20. You
look tired. You had better ... go home.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.
1. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the
window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the
room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the performance had
already begun.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Past Participle.
1. She put a plate of fried fish in front of me. 2. The coat bought last year is too small for
me now. 3. Nobody saw the things kept in that box. 4. My sister likes boiled eggs. 5. We
stopped before a shut door. 6. Tied to the tree, the goat could not run away. 7. They saw
overturned tables and chairs and pieces of broken glass all over the room. 8. This is a
church built many years ago. 9. The books written by Dickens give us a realistic picture of
the 19th century England.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Participle I и Participle II.
1.
d. A letter sent from St. Petersburg today will be in Moscow tomorrow.
e. He saw some people in the post office sending telegrams.
f. When sending the telegram, she forgot to write her name.
2.
d. Some of the questions put to the lecturer yesterday were very
important.
e. The girl putting the book on the shelf is the new librarian.
f. While putting the eggs into the basket, she broke one of them.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. Repairing cars is his business. 2. It goes without saying. 3. Have you finished writing?
4. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very healthy. 5.1 like skiing, but my sister
prefers skating.
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные формы герундия.
1. The place is worth visiting. 2. Watching football matches may be exciting enough, but
of course it is more exciting playing football. 3. She stopped coming to see us, and I
wondered what had happened to her. 4. Can you remember having seen the man before? 5.
She was terrified of having to speak to anybody, and even more, of being spoken to.
55
Самостоятельная работа 5.
1. Выберите правильную форму глагола to be для следующих предложений
a) is
b) are
c) am
1. There … little light in the room
2. There … may children on the sports ground
3. Who … making the poster?
4. Where … you going?
5. I … late.
6. Our classes … over.
2. Выберите английские эквиваленты для слов, стоящих в скобках
1. Show us (какую-нибудь) picture.
a) few b) some c) a few d) any
2. My son is fond of (рисовать)
a) making b) slogan c) drawing d) paint
3. There are (различные) offices in this building
a) modern b) various c) comfortable d) high
4. She is (всегда) late.
a) clean b) married c) every d) always
5. Show (ему) your drawing
a) him b) his c) her d) them
6. Tell (им) about your new flat.
a) they b) their c) them d) her
3. Выберите английские эквиваленты кратких ответов на вопросы.
1. Will be you here next weekend?
a) No, I won’t
b) No, I don’t
c) No, I’m not
2. Have you got any time for me?
a) Yes, it is b) Yes, there is c) Yes, I do
3. Did Julia phone you earlier?
a) Yes, she did b) Yes, she had c) Yes, she has
4. Do you like hot tea?
a) Yes, I’d like b) Yes, please c) Yes I do
5. I wasn’t a bad day, was it?
a) Yes, it wasn’t b) No, it wasn’t c) Yes, it was
6. Are there a lot of children in your group?
a) Yes, they are b) Yes, they do c) Yes, there are
7. Tom neither wrote nor phoned, did he?
a) Yes, he didn’t b) No, he didn’t c) Yes, he had
8. I went to bed late last night. And you?
a) So did I b) So I did c) And I did
4. Put in like or as.
It’s raining again. I hate weather ..like... this.
Jane failed her driving test ...as... she expected.
1. Do you think Carol looks …………her mother?
2. He really gets on my nerves. I can't stand people …………… him.
3. Why didn't you do it …………… I told you to do it?
4. “What does Bill do?” “He’s a student,…………… most of his friends.”
56
5. Why do you never listen? Talking to you is …………… talking to the wall.
6. …………… I said yesterday, I'm thinking of changing my job.
7. Tom’s idea seemed a good one, so we did …………… he suggested.
8. It’s a difficult problem. I never know what to do in situations ……………this.
9. I’ll, phone you tomorrow …………… usual, OK?
10. This tea is awful. It tastes…………… water.
11. Suddenly there was a terrible noise. It was …………… a bomb exploding.
12. She’s a very good swimmer. She swims…………… a fish.
13. I’m afraid I can’t meet you on Sunday …………… we arranged.
14. We met Keith last night. He was very cheerful, …………… always.
5. Complete the sentences using like or as + one of the following:
a. a beginner b. blocks of ice c. a palace d. a birthday present e. a problem
f. a child
g. a church
h. winter
i. a tourist guide
This house is beautiful. It’s ...like a palace ...
1. Margaret once had a part-time job……………
2. My feet are really cold. They’re ……………
3. I’ve been learning Spanish for a few years but I still speak ……………
4. I wonder what that building with the tower is. It looks ……………
5. My brother gave me this watch …………… a long time ago.
6. It’s true that we disagree about some things but I don’t regard this……………
7. It’s very cold for the middle of summer. It’s ……………
8. He’s 22 years old but he sometimes behaves ……………
6. Put in like or as.
1. Your English is very fluent. I wish I could speak …………… you.
2. Don’t take my advice if you don’t want to. You can do…………… you like.
3. You waste too much time doing things …………… sitting in cafes all day.
4. I wish I had a car…………… yours.
5. There’s no need to change your clothes. You can go out. …………… you are.
6. My neighbour’s house is full of interesting things. It’s…………… a museum.
7. I think I preferred this room …………… it was, before we decorated it.
8. When we asked Sue to help us, she agreed immediately, …………… I knew she
would.
9. Sharon has been working …………… a waitress for the last two months.
10.While we were on holiday, we spent most of our time doing energetic things
…………… sailings, water skiing and swimming.
11.You’re different from the other people I know. I don’t know anyone …………… you.
12.We don’t need all the bedrooms in the house, so we use one of them …………… a
study:
13.…………… her father, Catherine has a very good voice.
14.The news that Sue and Jim were getting married came …………… a complete surprise
to me.
15.At the moment I’ve got a temporary job in a bookshop. It’s OK…………… a
temporary job but wouldn’t like to do it permanently.
57
Самостоятельная работа 6.
ROLE-PLAY
1. Here is the case for today's Teen Court discussion: some pupils have been caught
smoking several times by the teachers. Teen Court should discuss the problem and make
a decision.
a ) Divide your class into groups: Plaintiffs, Defendants and Judges.
b) Meet with your group to discuss the problem and your roles.
Plaintiffs (Teachers):
You have caught some pupils several times smoking in the classroom. Smoking is not
allowed anywhere in school. You told them to stop, but they continued. You complained
to Teen Court. Make up your complaint to present it to Teen Court. Be ready to answer the
questions on the problem.
Defendants (Pupils):
You have been caught smoking in the classroom. Smoking is not allowed anywhere in
school. The teachers asked you to stop, but you continued. The teachers complained to
Teen Court. Disagree to the complaint. Give reasons (all your friends smoke, it's your
body, your parents smoke and they know you smoke and do nothing about it, etc.). Be
ready to answer some questions on the
Judges:
Some pupils have been caught by the teachers smoking in the classroom. Smoking is
forbidden everywhere in school. The teachers complained to Teen Court. Think of the
questions on the problem to ask Plaintiffs and Defendants. Agree 01 disagree to the
complaint. Give reasons. Choose a senior judge to lead the discussion.
2) Teenage views of life and their parents’ opinions can be in conflict sometimes.
Form a word that fits in the blank space from the word in capitals. Fill in each gap with
the new word. There is an example at the beginning.
Some adults admit that teenagers have a great deal of (0) Independence today.
Schools, the media and young people themselves place a lot of (1) ________________ on
being independent. The most popular topics for discussion chosen by teenagers are: parttime job, parents’ reaction to boyfriends or girlfriends, and (2) _________________.
Most British parents say that they would like to (3) ______________ their children until
they reach 16. A lot of adults (4) _______________ about teenage (5) _____________
and cruelty. Schools and the media should give more information about the danger of
alcohol (6) ___________________.
INDEPENDENT,
IMPORTANT,
AGGRESSIVE, ADDICT
VIOLENT,
PROTECTION,
COMPLAINT,
58
3) Below are some statements about what the parents forbid the teenagers to do.
For questions 1-6, read the following complaints. Choose the word which you think fits
best to complete each complaint. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate letters. There is an
example at the beginning (0).
1.
2.
3.
4.
John's father (0) ______a_______ him not to stay out late again.
His parents never allowed him (1) ________.
Deborah's father won't (2) ________ her drive his car.
My mum is very strict, so it will be difficult (3) _______ her to buy me a motorbike.
She thinks I am too young.
5. My parents want (4) __________ to finish school first.
6. My parents don't let me (5) _________ horror films. They say horror films are too
violent.
7. My parents never allow me (6) ________ parties at home.
0.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
a) allows
a) smoking
a) permit
a) to suggest
a) my
a) to see
a) to let
b) orders
b) smoked
b) forbid
b) to persuade
b) them
b) see
b) to spend
c) lets
c) to smoke
c) let
c) to make
c) me
c) seen
c) to organise
Самостоятельная работа 7.
1 вариант
1. Fill in «What...», «What a(n)...» or «How...»
a. ...kind he is to everyone!
b. ...terrible news!
c. ...boring book this is!
d. ...exciting it all sounds!
e. ...brave man!
f. ...enormous house you live in!
g. ...careless of you!
2. Fill in which or who.
a. My wallet, ... was in my handbag, has disappeared.
b. Brian, ... is still at school, is the captain of our local team.
c. London, ...is the capital of England, attracts many foreign visitors.
d. This parrot, ... comes from Africa, is a clever mimic.
e. The children ... play with my son are coming round for tea.
f. English weather, ... is often bad, is the subject of many conversations.
3. Choose the correct item.
Dear Clare,
I'm (1. completely/really/slightly) sorry I haven't written earlier. I've been (2. a lot/
enough/ extremely) busy recently. The children are on holiday at the moment and so I'm
(3. absolutely/ much/enough) exhausted! I'll be (4. too/just/awfully) glad when they go
59
back to school! Then I'll be (5. completely/a lot/ rather) free during the day! The school
holidays are (6. enough/just/ too) long. The children get (7. terribly/much/enough) bored.
Well, write soon with your news.
Take care,
Joe
4. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word that fits in
the space in the same sentence.
a. Ned has been the news ... for some time now. (Produce)
b. Can television violence encourage ... in children. (Aggressive)
c. Ray got mixed up with the local... element. (Crime)
d. You are going to see a ... about volcanoes. (Document)
e. It's like learning a ... new language. (Total)
2 вариант
1. Fill in «What...», «What a(n)...» or «How...»
a. .. .thoughtful of you!
b. ...stupid questions he asks!
c. ...nice of you to come!
d. ...awful sweater!
e. ...expensive meal!
f. .. .tired you look today!
g. ...delicious food!
2. Fill in which or who.
a. Kate's job, ... involves working long hours, makes her very tired.
a. George, ... is American, is the best student in our class.
b. The soldier ... fought the most bravely is being awarded a medal.
c. Their argument, ... continued throughout the night, was finally resolved.
d. The Sussex coast, ... is in the south of England, is very beautiful.
e. Not everybody ... is coming to my party is brining me a present.
3. Choose the correct item.
Dear Kate,
I was (1. extremely/completely/slightly) sorry to hear about your accident.
Accidents are (2. much/too/very) dangerous nowadays. I hope you won't have to stay (3.
too/totally/absolutely) long in hospital. I'm going to send you a (4. pretty/awfully/too)
good present.
I've been working (5. very/slightly/fairly) hard at the office lately. I get (6. slightly/
totally/a lot) exhausted! My work is (7. terribly/ pretty/totally) boring. I hope you get
better quickly.
All my love,
Betty.
4. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each sentence to form a word
that fits in the space in the same sentence.
a. The film is about a ... reunion of father and son. (Touch)
b. The rich ... inside the palace is delightful. (Decorate)
c. Tristan immediately threw up his hands in a ... gesture. (Drama)
d. I don't doubt her ..., but I think she's got her fact wrong. (Sincere)
e. Everyone was surprised at her ... achievement. (Astonish)
60
Самостоятельная работа 8.
Вариант 1
1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form.
There is an old castle in Warwick which is believed to (1. haunt). It (2. call) Black
Castle and it (3. say) that ghosts can (4. see) there at night. The castle (5. build) 300 years
ago and (6. own) by two old ladies who (7. believe) to be witches. One day, long ago, they
both disappeared and they (8. never, see) again. In 1995 the castle (9. buy) by a
businessman and (10. convert) into a luxurious hotel. The castle (11. visit) by quite a few
guests every year and special groups (12. organise) to watch for ghosts. It has been a long
time since any ghosts (13. see), but one night a trick (14. play) on some visitors by a local
couple, who dressed up as two «ghosts». They (15. see) by a guest, who said she (16.
frighten) almost to death. The couple apologized the next day.
2. Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple or Present Perfect.
a. Jill: ...(1. you/be) on holiday this year?
Fred: No, I (2. can/not) go, because I (3. break) my leg in July and (4. have) to stay
in hospital.
b. Helen: ...(5. you/visit) the British Museum yet?
Dan: Yes, I (6. be) there three times, but I (7. not/see) everything yet.
c. Nan: I'm ever so sorry, Jim, but I (8. burn) your lunch. Mary (9. phone) and 1(10.
forget) about the food.
Jim: That's okay. 1(11. already/eat).
d. Kate: I (12. buy) a new coat yesterday, but when I (13. arrive) home, 1(14. find) a
hole in the seam
Laura: What (15. you/do)? … .(16. you/take) it back to the shop?
Kate: No, I (17. not/be) into town yet. I'll do this afternoon.
3. Choose the correct word.
1. A test satellite was (launched/set out) from Cape Canaveral.
2. It seems difficult to remember at first, but after a while it becomes
(essential/automatic).
3. I liked this (compact/cordless) camera because I can keep it in my pocket.
4. If affected by drowsiness, do not drive or (save/operate) heavy machinery.
Вариант 2
1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form.
Doctor Morton, who (1. award) a major science prize last month, (2. invite) to take part in
a conference which (3. hold) in Birmingham last week. He (4. meet) at the airport by a
driver who, unfortunately, (5. give) the name of the wrong hotel to take the doctor to. A
large reception (6. organize) for the doctor, and at least 100 eminent scientists (7. invite)
to meet him that evening. The poor Mr. Morton, however, (8. leave) at a small hotel in a
rather bad area, and when he asked to speak to the Head of the Conference Committee he
(9. tell) to try somewhere else because he (10. hear of, not) there. Luckily, later that
evening, the driver (11. send) to the hotel where the reception (12. hold), and when he (13.
ask) what he had done with the doctor, everyone realized that a mistake (14. make). Mr.
Morton says that if he (15. ever, send) another invitation to a conference, he hopes it (16.
organize) more efficiently.
2. Put the verbs in brackets into Past Simple or Present Perfect.
a. Hair-dresser: Your hair (1. grow) a lot since I last (2. see) you.
61
Client: Yes, I (3. want) to get it cut last week but I (4. be) too busy.
b. Bob: I (5. never/fly) before and I'm very nervous about it.
Frank: I (6. feel) like that the first time I (7. fly), but I thoroughly (8. enjoy) it.
c. Lena: I (9. lose) my glasses. ... (10. you/see) them anywhere?
Sally: No. Where (11. you/put) them?
Lena: I (12. put) them on the table a minute ago, but they're not there now.
d. John: ...(13. you/ever/meet) anyone famous?
Ron: Yes, I (14. speak) to Diana Ross and I (15. see) John Lennon before he was
killed.
e. Ted: Where (16. you/go) on holiday?
Sam: To Rhodes.
Ted: Yes, 1(17. go) there last year. It was great.
3. Choose the correct word.
1. Don't forget to (save/launch) before you close the file.
2. It's a good idea to recycle household (gadget/waste).
3. One-parent families are now (commonplace/essential) in our society.
4. (Diesel/Digital) recording is a high quality recording of sound made by changing
information about the sound into the binary system.
ЗАЧЕТНЫЕ РАБОТЫ
Зачет 1.
English - speaking countries (Занятие 9)
1. ________ has got six states.
a) Great Britain
b) Australia
c) the USA
2. London is the capital of ______.
a) New Zealand
b) Great Britain
c) the USA
3. __________is the largest island in the world.
a) Great Britain
b) New Zealand
c) Australia
4. _________ is a country of lakes.
a) the USA
b) Canada
c) New Zealand
5. Birmingham, Manchester, Glasgow are the biggest towns of __________.
a) Canada
b) Great Britain
c) the USA
6. The five Great Lakes are located between
a) the USA and Canada
b) the USA and Australia c) Canada and Australia
7. The capital of __________ is Wellington.
a) the USA
b) Australia
c) New Zealand.
8. January is the hottest month in___________.
a) Australia
b) New Zealand
c) the USA
9. The kiwi is the symbol of
____________.
a) Australia
b) Canada
c) New Zealand
10.The Thames flows in _______________.
a) Great Britain
b) the USA
c) New Zealand.
11.Montreal, Toronto, Vancouver are large important towns of _____________.
a) the USA
b) Canada
c) Great Britain
12.You can see the kangaroo, the dingo in ____________.
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a) Australia
b) New Zealand
c) Canada
13.Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane are the ports of __________.
a) Canada
b) Australia
c) New Zealand
14.There are two hot deserts in _______________.
a) Australia
b) Canada
c) New Zealand
15.The main river of ____________ is the Mississippi.
a) the USA
b) Canada
c) Great Britain
Грамматический тест (Занятие 10)
1 вариант
Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1. Jack has got a lot of ____________of his girl-friend on the wall.
a) photo
b) photoes
c) photos
2. Mathematics ____ too difficult for me.
a) is
b) are
c) —
3. Too ___________ people still smoke.
a) many
b) much
c) a lot of
4. ____________ Moon moves slowly round ____________Earth.
a) — ... the
b) The... the
c) This ...the
5. The keys are in _______________________.
a) the pocket of my suit
b) my suit's pocket
c) my pocket in the suit
6. Their daughter is doing business _______________ at local college.
a) the
b) —
c) a
7. His opinion differs from _______________.
a) my
b) mine
c) me
8. He is quite right. I agree with _________________completely.
a) he
b) him
c) his
9. I can't eat _______________ chips because they are cold.
a) this
b) these
c) that
10.Nowadays Bob is eating more and exercising _____________ than he used
to.
a) little
b) less
c) the least
11.Dick was ______________of the three brothers.
a) the eldest
b) the oldest
c) elder
12.Henry was _____________ of the boys.
a) the most big
b) the biggest
c) biggest
13.Brain is known as a very ________________ driver.
a) fast
b) fastly
c) fasting
14.The past 10 years _____________ the happiest in her life.
a) are
b) are being
c) have been
15.The pizza _______________ delicious without any cheese at all.
a) tastes
b) is tasting
c) has tasted
16.They met yesterday, __________________?
a) did they
b) didn't they
c) they did
17.Our neighbors __________________ their house recently.
a) painted
b) were painting
c) have painted
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18.When ______________ from his business trip?
a) has he returned
b) did he return
c) was he returning
19.My sister _______________ some new clothes last week.
a) had bought
b) bought
c) was buying
20.He ______________ a light breakfast and then _____________ to work.
a) had ... went
b) had had ... went
c) has had ... went
2 вариант
Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1. Parents always tell interesting ________ about their children.
a) stories
b) storys
c) storyes
2. She comes from ______________
Netherlands.
a) the
b) —
c) a
3. Do you have ____________ friends?
a) many
b) much
c) a lot of
4. Sally opened the
_______________________ and entered.
a) kitchen's door
b) door of the kitchen
c) kitchen door
5. Mathematics ____ too difficult for me.
a) is
b) are
c) —
6. Greg's father is _______________________ engineer.
a) an
b) a
c) the
7. She had taken the advice, but the decision was _________________.
a) her
b) she
c) hers
8. "Who is it ?" — "It's _____________."
a) I
b) me
c) mine
9. Does ___________ car use much petrol?
a) these
b) those
c) this
10.He had to spend about six months in a class with __________ students.
a) more younger
b) younger
c) the youngest
11.It was absolutely the ________________ food I have ever had.
a) worst
b) worse
c) most bad
12.Fiona is _______________ girl. I have ever met.
a) the most beautiful
b) a more beautiful
c) the beautifulest
13.She speaks French _________________.
a) very good
b) very well
c) very goodly
14.He ________________ so many mistakes in his exam papers!
a) always makes
b) is always making
c) always make
15.I _______________ an appointment with my dentist next week.
a) have got
b) have been having
c) am having
16.They are having a meeting, ___________?
a) haven't they
b) aren't they
c) are they
17.In his youth, he ______________ very lazy.
a) was
b) has been
c) was being
18.The children ________________ so much noise that we couldn't listen to the
news on the radio.
a) made
b) had made
c) were making
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19._____________ when you came in?
a) Did it snow
b) Was it snowing
c) Was it snow
20.While Tom ______________ on his letter, the telephone ________________.
a) worked ... was ringing b) was working ... was ringing c) was working ... rang
Зачет 2.
Тест по чтению (занятие 9)
Read the text about the political system of Australia. For statements 1-5, decide which
answer is correct. Circle the corresponding letter.
Australia is an independent country within the Commonwealth. Formally the British
monarch is the head of state and has royal representatives in the country and in each of the
six states.
According to the Australian Constitution, that was adopted on January 1, 1901, the
legislative branch is represented by the Federal Parliament. The parliament is made up of
two houses: the Senate with 76 senators and the House of Representatives with 148 members. The lawmakers are elected by the people. Voting is compulsory (обязательно).
Australian citizens can vote by mail. Those who abstain from (воздерживаются от)
voting are fined (штрафуются). Australians are proud of the fact that secret ballot (тайное
голосование) was first introduced in Australia.
The party or a coalition of parties with the majority of seats in the House of
Representatives forms the Cabinet and its leader becomes Prime Minister. So, the
executive branch in Australia includes the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. Like in Great
Britain they come from the Federal Parliament and are responsible to it for government
decisions. The main political parties are the Liberal Party and the National Party.
Normally they act in coalition. The Australian Labour Party and the Australian Democrats
also play a great role in politics.
There is a question whether Australia should become a republic with an Australian
head of state. The debate on the problem started several years ago. Everybody in Australia
understands that a change to a republic needs the assent of the Australian people at a referendum. In February 1998, Australia began the process of severing (разъединения) its
constitutional link to the Queen.
1.
A. Australia is a parliamentary democracy.
B. Australia is a monarchy and a parliamentary democracy.
2.
A. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are elected directly.
B. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet come from the Federal Parliament.
3.
A. The Federal Parliament includes the Senate and the House of Representatives.
B. The Federal Parliament includes the House of Commons and the House of
Representatives.
4.
A.The representatives of the executive branch are responsible to the Queen.
B. The representatives of the executive branch are responsible to the Federal Parliament.
65
5.
A. Now Australia is in the process of changing to a republic.
B. Now Australia is in the process of becoming closer to the British Crown.
Грамматический тест (занятие 10)
1 вариант
Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1. I like _____________ after my sister's children.
a) looking
b) to look
c) look
2. I tried ________________ yesterday, but I didn't manage to get through to you.
a) to ring
b) ringing
c) and rang
3. Don't forget _______________ your camera.
a) taking
b) to take
c) about taking
4. I remember __________________ him at the party.
a) seeing
b) to see
c) having seen
5. If you can't sell your flat at this price, try ___________ less for it.
a) to ask
b) by asking
c) asking
6. I'd love _____________ abroad this summer.
a) going
b) to go
c) go
7. On the way to the station, I stopped _______________ a newspaper.
a) buying
b) to buy
c) for buying
8. "Remember ____________ the dog before you leave," she said.
a) feeding
b) about feeding
c) to feed
9. I couldn't stand _____________ him again.
a) see
b) seeing
c) to see
10.I'd hate _______________ all my life in a one-horse town.
a) to spend
b) spending
c) to be spending
11.I have always found the thought of eternity _____________.
a) terrified
b) terrifying
c) being terrifying
12.Some people get very emotional when they listen to music and are
____________to tears.
a) being moved
b) moved
c) moving
13.All the cars ______________ in the opposite direction had their headlights on.
a) driving
b) driven
c) having driven
14.He arrived in San Francisco, ___________ New York on March 10th.
a) leaving
b) having left
c) left
15.She moved around the room, _______________ her things together.
a) put
b) having put
c) putting
16._____________ down from the plane, we could see lights on the runway.
a) Having looked
b) Looking
c) Being looked
17.That noise outside the window is extremely ________________.
66
a) annoying
b) annoyed
c) annoy
18.While ____________ the article, I came across a lot of interesting facts.
a) reading
b) being read
c) having read
19.Shakespeare's _____________ plays were first published in 1623.
a) collected
b) collecting
c) being collected
20.________________ his telephone number I couldn't get in touch with him.
a) Without knowing
b) Not knowing
c) Not having known
2 вариант
Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1. Jenny stopped _____________ last year to have baby.
a) to work
b) working
c) to be working
2. If you don't mind, I think I'd like ______________ home.
a) to go
b) going
c) me going
3. I met you at Clare's. Have you forgotten _______________ me?
a) to meet
b) having met
c) meeting
4. I can't bear ______________ stupid questions.
a) to be asked
b) having been asked
c) being asked
5. James looked hurt. Liz regretted ____________ so rude to him.
a) to be
b) having been
c) being
6. As a child Ted used ___________ his bicycle every day.
a) to ride
b) to riding
c) riding
7. Tomorrow I've got to be at work at 7 a.m. but I'm not used ______________ so
early.
a) to get up
b) to getting up
c) for getting up
8. The doctor doesn't allow ________________.
a) him to smoke
b) his smoking
c) for him to smoke
9. I regret __________ that you've failed
a) having said
b) myself to say
c) to say
your exam.
10.He doesn't recommend __________________ in fast food restaurants.
a) to eat
b) eating
c) to be eating
11.Peter got lost ____________ alone in the forest.
a) walking
b) having walked
c) walked
12.____________ all the homework, I went out for a walk with a friend of mine.
a) Doing
b) Being done
c) Having done
13.The book is ____________________.
a) very excited
b) very exciting
c) being excited
14.I caught him ______________ my diary.
a) being read
b) reading
c) having read
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15.The man ___________ next door is very friendly.
a) having lived
b) being lived
c) living
16.The book _________________ “Stand Before Your God” by Paul Watkins is
about an upper-class English education.
a) being
b) calling
c) called
17.He fell off a ladder ________________ the house.
a) having repaired
b) repairing
c) being repaired
18._____________ to bed so late the night before, we felt sleepy the next day.
a) Having gone
b) Going
c) Being gone
19.Children _______________ this school have to wear a uniform.
a) having attended
b) attending
c) being attended
20.James Watt patented his steam engine, _____________ mainly for pumping, in
1769.
a) using
b) being used
c) used
Зачет 3.
Вариант 1
1. Complete the sentences using the and one of the following adjectives: poor, rich,
homeless, disabled, unemployed.
a. The school has special facilities for ..., like lifts, wide doors and special toilets.
b. Winter is a difficult season for ... who often die of cold and hunger.
c. The government has created new workplaces for ...
d. Should ... pay higher taxes to support...
2. Choose the correct item.
Dear Dan,
I'm having a great time in Scotland, (1, despite/while) the bad weather! We arrived safely
in Edinburgh, (2. although/in spite of) the train was two hours late. (3. Whereas/In spite
of) the fact that I miss America, I'm still enjoying myself. Tomorrow my friend is leaving
for home, (4. though/whereas) I still have three more days here. I'm going to visit
Holyrood Palace, (5. despite/even though) the fact that I've been there before. I'm looking
forward to going home. I think I'll miss Scotland a little, (6. in spite of/though).
Love,
Laura
3. Make new sentences from these questions.
1. Where is the post office? Could you tell me...?
2. What does this word mean? Do you know...?
3. Where did you park your car? Can't you remember...?
4. Is Jim coming to the meeting? I wonder...
5. What time did he leave? Have you got any idea...?
4. Complete the sentences with the words income, insurance, allowance, welfare,
security, benefit.
1. All donations are used for the ... of disabled children.
2. His father gave him an ... of 1000$ a year.
3. The company's ... officer deals with employees' personal problems.
68
4. Do you have ... on your household contents?
5. Does your insurance provide enough ... against illness?
6. It's only reasonable that people on a high ... should pay more tax.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Вариант 2
1. Complete the sentences using the and one of the following adjectives: rich, deaf,
homeless, blind, old.
... usually walk slowly.
There is a shortage of guide dogs for ...
A new hostel is to be opened for ...
... pay a lot of income tax.
Sign language is usually taught to ... to enable them to communicate.
2. Choose the correct item.
(Although/Despite,) Nick eats eggs, his sister won't touch it.
I ccan’t stand classical music, (whereas/in spite of) my mother loves it.
(Despite/Although,) it was snowing, the road was clear.
Peter loves playing football, (while/despite,) Tom prefers basketball.
(Although/Despite) the traffic, we made it to school on time.
(In spite of/Although) the fact that I didn't study, I passed the exam.
3. Make new sentences from these questions.
Did he see you? Could you tell me...?
When will Frank arrive? Do you know...?
Why were you laughing? I want to know...
Where can I change some money? I wonder...
What qualifications do I need? Have you got any idea...?
4. Complete the sentences with the words discount, emergencies, tax, increments,
pensions, provision.
They both have their ... to live on that they've retired.
What are you earning before ...?
Ralf wanted to make proper ... for his children.
Lifeguards are trained to deal with ...
The starting salary is 1000S, but with ... it can rise to 1600$.
Do I get a ... if I buy a whole case of wine?
Зачет 4.
I. Прочтите текст, переведите и ответьте на следующие за ним вопросы,
обведя букву правильного ответа кружком
People are always talking about “the problem of youth.” If there is one — which I
leave to doubt — then it is older people who create it, not the youth themselves. Let us
agree that the young are after all human beings — people just like their elders. There is
only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious
future before him and the old one has splendid future behind him.
When I was a teenager, I felt that I was young and uncertain – that I was a new boy
in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as a problem.
Because being a problem gives you a certain identity and that is one of the things the
young are busily engaged in looking for.
69
I rind young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have no
devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of
things. It’s as if they were in some sense cosmic beings in great contrast with us earth
people. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be shy and illmannered. But I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think
he is wrong.
1. The writer thinks that ...
a. “the problems of youth” exists
b. the young people create the problem
c. people are only talking about “the problem of youth”
d. probably the problem doesn’t exist at all
2. The writer thinks that ...
a. there are many differences between an old man and a young man
b. young people are unlike old people in only one way
c. young people don't have bright future before them
d. old people have splendid future before them
3. Which statement is not true:
a. As a teenager the writer didn't feel sure of himself.
b. As a teenager the writer wanted to be looked upon as a problem.
c. As a teenager the writer had a certain identity.
d. As a teenager the writer studied in a big school.
4. The writer thinks that young people are ...
a. very interesting
b. free from everything
c. are fond of material things
d. like common people
5. When meeting a young man the writer ...
a. thinks that he is shy and ill-mannered
b. doesn’t think of age
c. immediately begins to argue with him
d. thinks that lie is wrong
II. Грамматический тест
Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1. She seems ______________ the joke.
a) to have missed
b) missing
c) to miss
2. The teacher wanted____________.
a) that Tom quickly learned the words
b) Tom learned the words quickly
c) Tom to learn the words quickly
3. Don't forget _____________ the lights off.
a) to switch
b) switching
c) and switch
4. She's taking _____________ food. That must be a sign that she's getting better.
a) a little
b) little
c) a few
5. We enjoyed __________ our neighbours to dinner and we must invite them again.
a) having had
b) having
c) to have
70
6. I ___________ sharply by the sound of breaking glass.
a) woke up
b) was woken up
c) was being woken
7. Everyone wants success, ___________?
a) don't they
b) doesn't everybody
c) doesn't he or she
8. He didn't even _________anything to her, and she didn't ____________ to him
either.
a) say ... speak
b) speak ... say
c) tell ... speak
9. If you have the scissors sharpened, ___________will cut much better.
a) it
b) them
c) they
10.The decision has ______________ been taken.
a) yet
b) still
c) just
11.What ___________ important information I've just learnt!
a) —
b) an
c) a
12.Which of your two daughters __________to this school?
a) do go
b) does go
c) goes
13.Let's buy a bottle of champagne and a bar of chocolate, ____________?
a) will we
b) shall we
c) do we
14.I used to be able to stand on my head but I __________ do it now.
a) may not
b) cannot
c) must not
15.I can't excuse _______________shameful behaviour.
a) such a
b) a such
c) so
16.The kitchen is filled _____________ smoke.
a) with
b) by
c) of
17.I ____________out of petrol on my way home.
a) was running
b) had run
c) ran
18.The house is equipped ____________ every modern facility.
a) by
b) with
c) from
19."I'm afraid that tap doesn't work." — "OK. I call a plumber."
a) am able to
b) will
c) am going to
20.When I ____________ him, I'll tell him what you said.
a) see
b) will see
c) am seeing
21.He _________ me that I was a good student.
a) told
b) said
c) asked
22.There must be ____________ way of solving this problem.
a) the other
b) other
c) another
23.Round-the-world ____________ expect to be at sea for some months.
a) yachtsmen
b) yachtsman
c) yachtsmans
24.Don is _____________ Sally — he's 18 and she's 17.
a) elder than
b) a bit older
c) a little older than
25.If he___________ me some good advice, I would take it.
a) had given
b) gave
c) would give
26.Prices in Moscow are ____________ in other capital cities.
a) higher as
b) as high as
c) as high than
71
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
1. Английский язык для учащихся 11 класса и поступающих в ВУЗы: темы и
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Учитель, 2007. – 135 с.
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вузы/ Е.М. Базанова, И.Ю. Баканова и др. – М.: Дрофа, 2004. – 608 с.
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В.П.
Английский
язык:
Учебник
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10-11
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