И. B. Якушкина ТАКСИСНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ В

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The article deals with the taxis relationships of the functional-semantic category of priority. The
author studies them using the text material of English and American writers.
Key words: taxis relationships, dependent taxis, independent taxis, implicit taxis.
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«
«
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»
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,
the city ever since Christmas, had not forgotten
Carrie… (Dreiser, 339); had been back –
,
, . .
(since Christmas)
.
e: Hurstwood, noticing the
kindness, conceived better of her (Dreiser, 410),
-
. »,
« 1
,
,
. O.
.
: It seemed
only yesterday to him since he was comfortable
and well- to- do (Dreiser, 322),
seemed: (since) was
. .
:
(independent
dependent) 2 .
(conceived)
: noticing
).
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–
(
.
),
.
,
.
P. O.
3
.
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;
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–
,
:
,
,
,
. .
:
The Vances of Chicago, who had been back in
«
»,
.
574
The pages of his mind were blank, and, without
effort, much he read and liked, stanza by
stanza, was impressed upon those pages, so that
he was soon able to extract great joy from
chanting aloud or under his breath the music
and the beauty of the printed words he had
read (London, 57);
4)
,
: get, have,
keep, retain: He resolved to get a tooth- brush
and f rm the habit (London, 40);
5)
: begin, continue, stop,
interrupt, return, resume: And thereat she
began to talk quickly and easily upon the
subject he had suggested (London, 15);
6)
: say, tell, answer, read,
announce, report: She did her best to say how
much she liked them and that they were
beautiful (London, 144);
7)
–
,
,
: Somehow it was not so difficult to
forgive him anything (London, 89).
,
,
-
,
:
1)
, 2)
3)
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I.
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,
,
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:
(
),
.
1.1.
.
(
),
-
2 ( -2)
.
.
-2
-
,
.
: that, if, what, why, how: He ssumed
that he had struck a deep chord (Dreiser, 127).
,
-2
,
:
1)
see, watch, hear, listen, feel, find:
He didn’t notice that a young woman had
entered the room (London, 10-11);
2)
: know, remember, recollect,
imagine, think, understand, wonder, alware,
faget, believe, learn, realise, assume, admit,
accept: He wondered where she had got that item
of etiquette, and whether it had filtered down
from above and was all right (London, 98);
3)
:
despise, be annoyed, blame, excuse, appreciate,
prefer, enjoy, welcome, deny, be sorry, grateful:
575
1.2.
.
-
,
.
,
,
,
(that, which, who, where,
when)
: Mrs. Hurstwood was the
type of the woman who has ever endeavoured
to shine and has been more or less chagrined
at the evidences of superior capability in this
direction elsewhere (Dreiser, 96).
-2-
P-I
,
,
-
(arrangement,
order, thought).
,
-2 –
P-I
:
1.
,
: He had a feeling of
merciless anarchy let loose like thunder on the
hill (Dreiser, 178).
2.
-
,
:
He was standing in a little store, where they
left him for the moment (Dreiser, 401).
3.
.
,
,
(
:
Her actions had passed beyond the control of
her will- she never thought of control or will
in the delicious madness that was upon her
(London, 164).
4.
,
: as,
as if, as...as, like, than, such as: The golden year
was dying as it had lived, a beautiful and
unrepentant voluptuary, and reminiscent
rapture and content freighted heavily the air
(London, 163).
5.
.
-
: All I knew was that the
resolution I had felt earlier that afternoon had
undergone some sort of fragmentation...
(Dreiser, 145).
3.
,
: As all this referred to something
that had taken place when 1 was not there, I
could neither join in nor understand what it
was about (Dreiser, 159).
4.
-2
,
,
: There is no
possibility of our having missed anything
(Dreiser, 131).
1.3.
.
: )
,
,
,
,
,
,
;
)
:
)
(if, unless,
lest, provided, once )
: She
began also to think what she would have done
if she had gone out into the street when she first
started (Dreiser, 237).
6.
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
.
.
1.
,
,
,
,
:
,
.
: He
straightened up sheepishly, while the instructor
stopped the car with the brake (Dreiser, 389).
2.
.
576
,
-
: though, although, even
if, whoever, whichever, whatever, however, no
matter (where, how, etc.): She had one idea
firmly fixed, however, which insured her
security (London, 162).
7.
.
.
»(
. causa –
,
,
,
,
I II.:
Hurstwood walked the floor, mentally arranging
the chief points of his situation (Dreiser, 226).
-
),
.
.
,
,
: Encouraged
by his several small sales, Martin went back to
hack- work (London, 222).
,
-
-2
-
,
,
–
,
,
,
-
,
.
.
,
,
,
:
,
(-1
(
,
,
,
.: I understand him,
because after all, I had experienced the same
(Dreiser, 103); This duty performed, he came
home (Dreiser, 72); Reassured, he drove off into
the sunset (Dreiser, 83).
.
-
),
.
-2),
,
1
.
,
-
,
,
,
.
,
:
.
//
. .:
, 1972. 98 .
2
Bloomfield L., Whorf B. Linguistic Structures of Native American (Viking Fund Publications in
Anthropology). New York, 1946, N 6.
3
. .
:
.
., 1999.100 .
577