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FF65#%%HA "\F#3HA 6A##3 % !%= !"6C= $#76_E\ "=#C%: ]7=!> "#%#3 #%#3 % !%=A< !=9 3 "5678!! #Ch%#\ "=#C%: ]7=> !"#%#3 #%#3 #@ 6"3%% l+m $"%! 3 ( ! Γ ! ) = ν # + ν 6 − β ! ! ! l*m ⋅ q D!#! $";#\ #%5: 3 "5678!! !#7=%#3> 6 ⋅ 6 q D!#! !6$%D!#\ #%5: 6 !!C78%#@# 6"#3%;< 6 q $7#!%#> 8 ν # = %\ ]7=!"#%#3 !# 3 #%#3%# #!#;%< ν 6 = ! %\!"78%HA !##3 3 #%#3%# !!C78%# #!#;%;A ##!3!> !3%%#< 6 q $#!#;%%H ##!3!!36_EA $"#:#3< β ! q =#]FF> :%! #Ch%#\ "=#C%: ]7=!"#%#3 #%#3 7; :7%"D=#\ @#!" "5"; 3 :%!" "5";%#\ !"6C= =#%> :%!": 5";9%%HA D!: =78%H #!@B 3 "5678!! F> F65 "\F 3 "78%# ]7=!"D=# $#7 !%#= ]7=!"#%H #%H "=#C%"6_! % $#3"A%#! 2#]!#6 #CHD%# $"$#7@!;< D!# A =#%:%!":; % !%=A "5";%#\ !"6C= "6 "3% %67_ `"> %D%H 67#3; 3 ]!# 76D 5$H3_!; == = = 7; ! = ! ! ( ) = ( ) = l0m l0Cm "3%%; l.>*m #3!%# @"%D%H 67#3; l0m $#7%#!8_ #$"> 7;_! 6!%#33B; "$"7% =#%:%!":\ ]7=!"#%#3 #%#3 $# "66 3 $#7#9!78%# !#7C @5#3#@# "5"; %5=#!$"!6"%#\ 7C##%5"#3%%#\ $75 !$"!6" !;97HA D!: 3 #Ch $75H %%#@# %9 !$"!6"H 3#C#%HA ]7=!"#%#3 ( << ( < $#39%#! !=9 78%# #!7D_!; C << C 6D!# ]!A ##!> %#B%\ 3H"9%; 7; C$#7;"%#@# "78%#@# ]7=!"D=#@# $#7; 7; $#!#=#3 = !%= 5";9%%HA D!: l)m 6$"#E_!; $"%_! 3 &! = − ( ⋅ ⋅ ! Γ ! = − 2= ⋅ *3? ⋅ ! lIm 8 2= = C ( q =#]FF:%! C$#7;"%#\ FF65 B%; 6"3%%\ l.<*m 6$"#E%%H 3H"9%; 7; $#7; $#> !#= lIm E 3 3 ( ! ) = γ ( ! ) ⋅ ( ! ) ( ! ) = ⋅ M ( ! ) :%!" !"6C> = =#%:%!":; ]7=!"#%#3 "3% < =#%:%!":; #%#3 = γ ⋅ =7 !6$%D!#\ #%5: 3 #CE =#7D!3# 3#C#%HA ]7=!"#%#3 3 $75 53! #! D7 3#5C69%%HA< 3 %%# 76D< !!C78%HA !##3 6 3#_ #D"8< "$"7% !!C78%HA !##3 $# "> 66 "5";%#\ !"6C= 6 ( ! ) #$"7;!; ##!3!!36_E 6"3%%> C7%< %7#@D%#@# 6"3%%_ l*m :78_ 6$"#E%; "D!#3 C6> A#!8 5 76_E@# $"C79%%#@# 3H"9%; 7; 6 ( ! ) 6 (! ) = @ ν 6 = ⋅ ⋅ ( ! ) < 64 ⋅ ( ! ) + ν 6 6 l,m 26 ⋅ q D!#! @C7 !!C78%HA !##3 3 "5678!> ! FF65#%%#@# 6A# % !%= !"6C=< 26 q =#]FF:%! FF65 !!C78%HA !##3< ν 6 = 6 ⋅ q D!#! 3#5C69%; !!C78> %#@# #!#;%; ]7=!"#%%H 6"#< 6 q $#!#;%%; $"A# !# 5 #%#3%#@# #!#;%; 3 !!C78%# #!#;%< 64 q $#!#;%%; "5"6> B%; !!C78%#@# #!#;%; ]7=!"#%%H 6"# 2" ]!# !# $> "A#! 3 "6@# ]7=!"#%%# #!#;% 7 #%5"6!; $#7856; =78%6_ !"_ 5D< 33 %#36_ C5"5"%6_ ! ! 6"3%%; 26#% l.m 6"3%%; C> $"%%6_ ? = 7% D7 5";9%%HA D!: l*m 7; %A#9%; M ( ? ) γ ( ? ) $"%> ! 76_E\ 3 ? M ⋅ + . ⋅ M ⋅ (γ − ) = ? M ? ? ⋅ γ ⋅ M + . ⋅ M + .6 ⋅ M − . ⋅ γ ⋅ M = ! .64 ⋅ M + ? M ? l^m *3> π ⋅ ⋅ = ! ⋅ ! ( ⋅ β ⋅ 2 64 ! ν = = = q D> .64 = .! = ν = ν6 8 33%H 76_E #C#5%D%;/ . = . = ν ν 6 ⋅ 6 ⋅ .6 = ν= ν = ⋅ν 6 !#! 6A# 5";9%%HA D!: % !%= "5";%#\ !"6C= 3 "5678!! ( !π q C3=\ "6 ]="%> C$#7;"%#\ FF65< ! = "#3%; ]7=!"#%%#@# @5 3 :%!" !"6C= $#785#3% $"C79%%HA 3H"9%\ 7; $#7; $#!#=#3 $#%57# !$%8 !H FF"%:78> %HA 6"3%%\ $"37# = %#$"7%%#! 67#3\ % @"%: 7; $7#!> %#! #%#3 7 #!%#B%; γ ! # "5"; M ( ) = %D% γ ( ) = γ 37D% $"#53#%#\ F6%=: "78%#@# "$"7%; M = M < #$"> $7#!%#! ]7=!"#%#3 3 !#D= ? = < =#!#"6_ #C#5%D ? 7;_!; 76_E\ !#\ 6"3%%\< =#!#"; $#76D!; 5 !H l^m M + . ⋅ (γ − ) = γ ⋅ M + . − .! ⋅ γ = l+(m . 6 @ . = . + . + 64 B% ]!#\ !H ! 3 γ = .! .! . − + − + ⋅ . . . M = − . ⋅ (γ − ) l+(m l+(Cm 7; #$"7%; $7#!%#! ]7=!"#%#3 3 :%!" !"6C= 769! 6"3%> % $#39%#!< =#!#"# 6!%373! 3;58 96 "$"7% $7#!> %#!\ 5";9%%HA D!: $# D%_ $#7%H !#=# "5"; ! ! = π & j ⋅ ∫ C ! + C ! !! l++m 8 &j q 5%D% 6!%#33B@#; $"##78%#@# ]7=!"D=#@# $#7; 3 2 "5"; *3@ %!"%# #!!!8< D!# 3 $"C79% $#!#;%!3 #!%#B%; $7#!> %#!\ 5";#3 $# D%_ γ ! = # = γ ! 6"3%%\ l^m "$> !; % 3 %53HA 6"3%%; #!%#!78%# M ? 2" ]!# !#D> %H "B% $"3#@# 6"3%%; l6"3%%; 26#%m ;37;!; F6%=:; − M = [ + . γ − ⋅ ? ] < "B% 3!#"#@# 6"3%%; !H l^m l6"3%%; C7%m $" #!6!!3 #Ch%#\ "=#%: ;37;!; F6%> =:; 7; $"3#@# "#/ M0 = .6 ⋅ ? γ g! 3 "B%; #3$> _! !#78=# 3C75 # "5";< =#@ ? << 7# 5CH!#D%HA l%=#$%"#3%%HAm $#7#9!78%# 5";9%%HA #%#3 % # @5#3#@# "5"; #$"7;!; 3H"9% A = ( − ) = ⋅ (γ − ) l+'m 7D% $"#!"%!3%%#@# 5"; % # !"6C= "3% = ⋅ A !"6%# 6C!8;< D!# γ ≥ 7 . ≥ .! 2" ]!# $"#53#%; M #!":!78%< ! $7#!%#!8 ]7=!"#%#3 =78% % # "5"; #!> 6!!3 #Ch%#\ "=#C%: ]!# 67#3 3H$#7%;!; 3@ 6D> !# #Ch%#\ "=#C%: 3#5#9% !6:; $" %=#!#"HA 5%D%;A $"!"#3 "5";< 3%6!"%%A 3%B%A< =#@ γ ≤ $"#53#%; M ≥ g!# %6!#\D3H\ "9< != $" ]!# $7#!%#!8 ]7=!"#%#3 3 :%> !" !"6C= %78% "!! #!=7#%% #! :%!" 7; #:%= 37> D% A $" "57D%HA 67#3;A "5"; %69%# 6D!8 53#!8 3A#;EA 3 F#"67H l+'m $"!"#3 #! 37D%H ]7=!"#%%#\ !$"!6> "H ( < #! 5%D%; =#%:%!": ]7=!"#%#3 % # !"6C= < #! =#]FF> :%! #Ch%#\ "7=: β ! < #! !$"!6"H ( $7#!%#! 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