Влияние интенсивности природопользования на состояние

Ɋɚɪɢɬɟɬɧɚ ɬɟɪɿɨɮɚɭɧɚ ɬɚ ʀʀ ɨɯɨɪɨɧɚ. Ʌɭɝɚɧɫɶɤ, 2008
(ɉɪɚɰɿ Ɍɟɪɿɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨʀ ɲɤɨɥɢ. ȼɢɩɭɫɤ 9. ɋ. 239–242)
ɍȾɄ 577.4-599.323.3
ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɣ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɸɝɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ
Ɂɨɹ ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ
ȼɩɥɢɜ ɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɤɨɪɢɫɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɧ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɿɣ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɿɜ ɧɚ ɩɿɜɞɧɿ
ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ. — ɋɟɥɸɧɿɧɚ Ɂ. — ɇɚ ɩɿɜɞɧɿ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ ɦɟɲɤɚɽ ɞɜɚ ɜɢɞɢ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɿɜ: ɬɭɲɤɚɧ ɜɟɥɢɤɢɣ
Allactaga major ɬɚ ɤɚɧɞɢɛɤɚ Stylodipus telum. Ɍɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɜɿɞɞɚɸɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɜɚɝɭ ɫɬɟɩɨɜɢɦ ɛɿɨɬɨɩɚɦ,
ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲɚ ɳɿɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ʀɯɧɶɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɫɨɜɢɳɚɯ. ɑɟɪɟɡ ɫɤɨɪɨɱɟɧɧɹ ɜɢɩɚɫɭ ɫɜɿɣɫɶɤɢɯ ɤɨɩɢɬɧɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɳɿɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɹ ɭ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɿɹɯ ɤɚɧɞɢɛɤɢ, ɬɭɲɤɚɧɚ
ɜɟɥɢɤɨɝɨ ɬɚ ɿɧɲɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜɢɯ ɦɟɲɤɚɧɰɿɜ ɩɨɫɭɲɥɢɜɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɿɜ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ, ɳɨ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɸɬɶ ɞɢɧɚɦɿɤɭ ɱɢɫɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɿɣ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɿɜ ɭ ɪɟɝɿɨɧɿ ɪɨɡɬɚɲɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɑɨɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɶɤɨɝɨ ɛɿɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɤɚ ɽ ɚɧɬɪɨɩɨɝɟɧɧɿ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɿ ɚɛɿɨɬɢɱɧɿ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɢ. Ɂɚɪɚɡ ɭ ɪɟɝɿɨɧɿ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ ɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɿɝɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɱɢɫɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɱɟɧɧɹ ɦɿɫɰɶ ɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɨɛɨɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɿɜ, ɚɥɟ ɡɚɝɪɨɡɢ ɿɫɧɭɜɚɧɧɸ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɿɣ ɰɢɯ ɜɢɞɿɜ ɧɟɦɚɽ, ɬɨɦɭ ɳɨ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɿʀ ɡ ɬɚɤɨɸ ɧɢɡɶɤɨɸ
ɱɢɫɟɥɶɧɿɫɬɸ ɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɣ ɱɚɫ ɿɫɧɭɸɬɶ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɯ ɬɟɪɢɬɨɪɿɹɯ.
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɩɨɫɭɲɥɢɜɿ ɫɬɟɩɢ, ɩɚɫɨɜɢɳɚ, ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ, ɡɧɢɠɟɧɧɹ ɱɢɫɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ.
Ⱥɞɪɟɫɚ: ɑɨɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɶɤɢɣ ɛɿɨɫɮɟɪɧɢɣ ɡɚɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɤ, ɜɭɥ. Ʌɟɪɦɨɧɬɨɜɚ, 1, ɦ. Ƚɨɥɚ ɉɪɢɫɬɚɧɶ, ɏɟɪɫɨɧɫɶɤɚ ɨɛɥ. E-mail: [email protected].
Influence of intensity of nature management on the state of jerboas populations in the south of
Ukraine. — Selyunina Z. — In Southern Ukraine two species of jerboas occur: Allactaga major and
Stylodipus telum. The jerboas prefer steppe biotopes with low vegetation, the biggest density of their
population has been marked at pastures. Reduction of pasturage has led to decrease in density of populations of S. telum, A. major and other typical inhabitants of xerophytic steppes. The main factors determining dynamics of number of jerboas’ populations in the region of Chernomorsky Biosphere Reserve are anthropogenic and, as well, natural abiotic ones. In present in the studied region decrease of
number and habitats of both A. major and S. telum is observed. However, we believe that there is no
threat for populations’ existence of these species as populations with such low number have been observed for a long time on the reserve territories.
Key words: arid steppes, pastures, jerboas, decrease of number.
Address: Black Sea Biosphere Reserve, 1 Lermontov st., Hola Prystan, Kherson region. E-mail:
[email protected].
ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ
ɇɚ ɸɝɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɨɛɢɬɚɟɬ ɞɜɚ ɜɢɞɚ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ: ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤ Allactaga major
(Kerr, 1792) ɢ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤ Stylodipus telum Lichtenstein, 1823 (Dipodidae)1. Ɂɚɩɚɞɧɚɹ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ
ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɧɚ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ ɫ ɡɚɩɚɞɚ ɪɟɤɨɣ
ɂɧɝɭɥɟɰ, ɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɟɟ — ɨɬ ɝ. ɋɜɟɬɥɨɜɨɞɫɤɚ ɜ Ʉɢɪɨɜɨɝɪɚɞɫɤɨɣ ɨɛɥ. — ɪɟɤɨɣ Ⱦɧɟɩɪ, ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɟ
— ɪɟɤɨɣ Ⱦɟɫɧɚ, ɧɚ ɸɝɟ — ɫɟɜɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɨɬɪɨɝɚɦɢ Ʉɪɵɦɫɤɢɯ ɝɨɪ (Ɉɝɧɟɜ, 1948). Ɋɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɜ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɨ ɇɢɠɧɟɞɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɢɦɢ ɚɪɟɧɚɦɢ. Ɉɛɚ ɜɢɞɚ ɡɚɧɟɫɟɧɵ ɜ
«Ʉɪɚɫɧɭɸ ɤɧɢɝɭ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ» (1994) ɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ
ɑɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɢɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ (ɑȻɁ) ɤɚɤ ɮɨɧɨɜɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɚɪɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ.
1
Ɋɚɧɟɟ ɷɬɢ ɞɜɚ ɜɢɞɚ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɢ ɤɚɤ Allactaga jaculus ɢ Scirtopoda telum, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɣ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɩɨɞɜɢɞɨɦ S. t. falzfeini Brauner (ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ, 1995, Ɋɟɣɦɨɜ ɢ ɞɪ., 1996).
239
ɐɟɥɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ — ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ.
Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɭɱɟɬɚ
ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɬɟɪɢɨɮɚɭɧɵ ɑȻɁ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɨɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɟ ɭɱɟɬɵ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ. ɂɡ ɜɫɟɯ ɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɧɚɦɢ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɵ ɭɱɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɚɦ ɢ ɚɜɬɨɭɱɟɬɵ (Ʌɨɛɚɱɟɜ,
ɒɟɧɛɪɨɬ, 1973). ɉɪɢ ɭɱɟɬɟ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɩɨ ɧɨɪɚɦ ɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɟɤɬɚɯ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɫɟ ɧɨɪɵ ɜ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɟ. ɒɢɪɢɧɚ ɭɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞɫɱɟɬɚ ɧɨɪ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ — 20 ɦ. Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɚ
ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɢɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ:
P 100 2 n zlh , ɝɞɟ P — ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ (ɨɫ./ɝɚ); n — ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɭɱɬɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪ, l (ɦ) —ɞɥɢɧɚ ɦɚɪɲɪɭɬɚ, h (ɦ) — ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɭɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɵ, z — ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ
ɧɨɪ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɨɫɨɛɶ. Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɭ ɨɫɨɛɶ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ
ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɬɪɢ ɧɨɪɵ (z=3), ɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ — ɨɞɧɚ ɧɨɪɚ (z=1).
ɉɪɢ ɭɱɟɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɫɟ ɨɛɢɬɚɟɦɵɟ ɢ ɩɨɫɟɳɚɟɦɵɟ ɧɨɪɵ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ.
ɗɬɨɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɵɲɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɨɱɧɵɯ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɞ:
P n / zS1 , ɝɞɟ S1 — ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɭɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɜ ɝɚ.
ɇɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ.
ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɨɜ ɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ, ɨɛɳɚɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ:
N
¦ P S , ɝɞɟ N — ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ (ɨɫɨɛɢ); Pi — ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɜ ii
i
ɬɨɦ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɟ (ɨɫ./ɝɚ), Si — ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɚ (ɝɚ).
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɚɜɬɨɭɱɟɬɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɜ ɧɨɱɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ, ɨɛɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɢ ɤɚɤ ɭɱɟɬ ɧɚ
ɬɪɚɧɫɟɤɬɟ, ɝɞɟ ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɟɤɬɵ — ɨɫɜɟɳɚɟɦɚɹ ɮɚɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɚ (7–10 ɦ), ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɩɢɞɨɦɟɬɪɭ, ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɢɡɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɢ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ.
Ȼɢɨɬɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ
ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɟ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɢɬɚɸɬ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɟ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɵ ɫ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ
ɢɦɟɸɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɚɯ. Ɉɧɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɵɦ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ, ɬ.ɟ. «ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɬɟɫɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ, ɥɸɛɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɞɭɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ
ɢ, ɜ ɢɬɨɝɟ, ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬ ɤ ɫɭɤɰɟɫɫɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɫɦɟɧɚɦ ɜɫɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɱɬɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɨɣ
ɞɢɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ, ɪɟɡɟɪɜɚɬɧɵɯ ɫɦɟɧɚɯ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ» (Ⱥɛɚɬɭɪɨɜ, 2007).
ɇɚ ɸɝɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɟ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɝɚɥɨɮɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɭɫɬɵɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɵɧɧɨ-ɡɥɚɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɵ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɚ əɝɨɪɥɵɰɤɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɨɫɬɪɨɜɟ, ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɨɛɟɪɟɠɶɟ ɑɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɨɪɹ ɢ
ɟɝɨ ɡɚɥɢɜɨɜ ɤ ɜɨɫɬɨɤɭ ɨɬ Ⱦɧɟɩɪɚ. ȿɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɢɬɚɟɬ ɫɥɚɛɨ ɯɨɥɦɢɫɬɭɸ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɶ
ɇɢɠɧɟɞɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɚɪɟɧ ɫ ɪɚɡɪɟɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ, ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɬɪɚɜɨɫɬɨɟɦ, ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ — ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ Festuceta beckerii. ɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɚɪɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɹɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟɦ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ (ɪɢɫ.
1).
ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɪɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ ɧɟɜɟɥɢɤɨ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɢɡɵɦɚɸɬ ɥɢɲɶ 1,5 % ɧɚɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɛɢɨɦɚɫɫɵ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ. ȼ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɩɵɬɧɵɦɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦɢ (ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɞɚ
Euphorbia, Secale, Helichrysum) (ɪɢɫ. 2), ɚ ɜ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ
ɞɨɥɸ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɤɨɪɧɟɜɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɡɥɚɤɨɜ, ɬ.ɟ. ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɭɫɩɟɲɧɨ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɸɬ ɢ ɧɚ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɚɯ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɞɢɝɪɟɫɫɢɢ. ɉɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɮɢɬɨɰɟɧɨɡɨɜ
ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɪɨɸɳɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ-ɡɟɦɥɟɪɨɟɜ.
240
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɫ./ɝɚ
5%
6
6%
15%
10%
24%
4
6%
2
34%
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟ, %
Ɋɢɫ. 1. ɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɜ
ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ.
Secale sylvestre
Agropyron lavrenkoanum
Helichrysum arenarium
Alyssum tortuosum
Koeleria sabuletorum
Euphorbia seguieriana
Artemisia
Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɵ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ.
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɚɧɬɪɨɩɨɝɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ 1998–2005 ɝɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɫɨɤɪɚɬɢɥɚɫɶ ɫɟɥɶɫɤɨɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ. Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɩɚɯɨɬɧɵɯ ɡɟɦɟɥɶ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɫɜɨɟɧɧɨɣ. ɇɚ ɛɪɨɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɟɥɶɯɨɡɭɝɨɞɢɹɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɭɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɮɢɬɨɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɫ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɚɞɜɟɧɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ. ȼ
ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɪɭɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɛɪɨɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɹɯ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ
2,5–3,0 ɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ.
Ɂɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɮɚɭɧɭ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɤ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɭ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ
ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɩɚɫɚ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɫ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɝɨɥɨɜɶɹ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɦɟɥɤɨɝɨ ɪɨɝɚɬɨɝɨ
ɫɤɨɬɚ. Ɂɚɪɚɫɬɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɟɩɢ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ:
ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɫɭɫɥɢɤɚ, ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ, ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ, ɫɬɟɩɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɪɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ
ɝɨɞɵ ɝɨɞɨɜɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɫɚɞɤɨɜ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɡɚɪɚɫɬɚɧɢɸ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ (ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ, ɍɦɚɧɟɰ, 2006). ɉɨɞ
ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɫɫɨɦ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ (ɪɚɞɢɭɫɨɦ
ɞɨ 5 ɤɦ), ɝɞɟ ɢ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɫɬɪɟɱ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɩɹɬɶ ɥɟɬ.
ɉɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɢɨɬɨɩɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɫɵɝɪɚɥɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɪɢɫɨɫɟɹɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɨɪɨɲɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɡɟɦɥɟɞɟɥɢɹ. ȼ ɩɪɢɦɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɟ
(ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɜɟɪɧɨɦ ɩɨɛɟɪɟɠɶɟ Ɍɟɧɞɪɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɥɢɜɚ) ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚɫɭɲɥɢɜɚɹ ɩɪɢɱɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɟɩɶ. ɇɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɱɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ ɢɯ ɡɚɫɟɥɹɸɬ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɟ ɜɢɞɵ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ, ɫɪɟɞɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ
ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤ. ɇɚ ɧɟɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɇɢɠɧɟɞɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɚɪɟɧ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɡɚɫɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɨɠɚɪɢɳɚ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ, ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɚ. ɇɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɥɟɫɨɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɜɟɞɭɬ ɤ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɟɧɢɸ ɢɯ ɧɚ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɟ ɧɟɨɛɥɟɫɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɢ.
Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ
ɂɡ-ɡɚ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɩɚɫɚ ɧɚ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ, ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɤ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦ (ɨɯɪɚɧɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɂɜɚɧɨ-Ɋɵɛɚɥɶɱɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ, ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹ ɛɵɜɲɟɝɨ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ), ɜ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɹɯ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ, ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɫɭɫɥɢɤɚ — ɜɢɞɨɜ ɤɫɟɪɨɮɢɬɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ, ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ. Ʌɢɲɶ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ (ɨɯɪɚɧɧɚɹ ɡɨɧɚ ɉɨɬɢɟɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ, ɨɤɪɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɭɧɤɬɨɜ)
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɢ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɥɚɫɶ. ɇɚ
ɡɚɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ (ɪɢɫ. 3).
241
ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤ: ɜɧɟ
ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ
ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤ:
ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤ
ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ
ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤ
ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
0,5
0,0
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
Ɋɢɫ. 3. Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ
ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ
ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ (ɨɫ./ɝɚ) ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ (ɨɫ./ɤɦ) ɜ
ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɑɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɢɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ
ȼɵɜɨɞɵ
1. Ɍɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɢ ɧɚ ɸɝɟ ɍɤɪɚɢɧɵ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɢɬɚɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɚɫɬɛɢɳ. ɉɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɨɟ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɨ — ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɨɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɪɢɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɣ — ɧɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɣ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯ. Ɋɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ
ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɵɩɚɫ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɢ ɪɨɫɬɭ ɢɯ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ.
2. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɭ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɣ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɑɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɛɢɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ, ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɚɧɬɪɨɩɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɚɛɢɨɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ. ɂɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨ, ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɨɜɚ: ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɹ,
ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɬɪɚɜɨɫɬɨɹ ɢ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɪɚɫɬɟɧɢɣ1.
3. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɫɬ
ɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɟɦɭɪɚɧɱɢɤɚ. Ɉɩɵɬ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɞɤɢɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɹɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ.
Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ
Ⱥɛɚɬɭɪɨɜ Ȼ. Ⱦ. ɉɚɫɬɛɢɳɧɵɣ ɬɢɩ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɟɩɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɭɫɬɵɧɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɫɢɫɬɟɦ // Ɍɟɪɢɨɮɚɭɧɚ
Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ: Ɇɚɬɟɪ. ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ. ɫɨɜɟɳ. (31.01–2.02.2007 ɝ., Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ). —
Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ: ɄɆɄ, 2007. — ɋ. 5.
Ʌɨɛɚɱɟɜ ȼ. ɋ., ɒɟɧɛɪɨɬ Ƚ. ɂ. ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ // Ȼɸɥɥɟɬɟɧɶ ɆɈɂɉ. ɇɨɜɚɹ ɫɟɪɢɹ., ɨɬɞ. ɛɢɨɥ. — 1973. — Ɍɨɦ 28, ɜɵɩ. 2. — ɋ. 47–56.
Ɉɝɧɟɜ ɋ. ɂ. Ɂɜɟɪɢ ɋɋɋɊ ɢ ɩɪɢɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ. — Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ-Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞ: ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ Ⱥɇ ɋɋɋɊ, 1948. — Ɍɨɦ 6
(Ƚɪɵɡɭɧɵ). — ɋ. 11–57.
Ɋɟɣɦɨɜ Ɋ., ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ Ɂ., Ɋɟɣɦɨɜ Ⱥ. Ɇɨɪɮɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ Allactaga jaculus ɢ Scirtopoda telum ɜ
ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɢɯ ɚɪɟɚɥɚ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ Ʉɚɪɚɤɚɥɩɚɤɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɇ Ɋɍɡ. — ɇɭɤɭɫ, 1996. —
ʋ 1 (143). — ɋ. 48–55.
ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ Ɂ. ȼ. Ɍɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜɵɟ ɝɪɵɡɭɧɵ (Dipodidea) ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚ ɑɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ // Ɂɚɩɨɜɿɞɧɚ
ɫɩɪɚɜɚ ɜ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɿ. — ɑɟɪɧɿɜɰɿ, 1995. — Ɍɨɦ 1. — ɋ. 23–28.
ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ Ɂ. ȼ. Ɇɧɨɝɨɥɟɬɧɢɣ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɵɲɟɜɢɞɧɵɯ ɝɪɵɡɭɧɨɜ ɑɟɪɧɨɦɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɜɟɞɧɢɤɚ // ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɡɨɨɥɨɝɢɢ. — 2003. — Ɍɨɦ 37 (2). — ɋ. 23–30.
ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ Ɂ. ȼ., ɍɦɚɧɟɰ Ɉ. ɘ. ȼɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɯ ɨɫɚɞɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ
ɇɢɠɧɟɞɧɟɩɪɨɜɫɤɢɯ ɩɟɫɤɨɜ // Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɿ ɟɤɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɩɿɜɞɧɹ ɍɤɪɚʀɧɢ: Ɂɛ. ɧɚɭɤ. ɩɪɚɰɶ. —
ɏɟɪɫɨɧ, 2006. — ɋ. 142–147.
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Ⱦɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɰɢɤɥɢɤɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɭɲɤɚɧɱɢɤɨɜ ɜ ɪɟɝɢɨɧɟ ɧɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɚ (ɋɟɥɸɧɢɧɚ, 2003).
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