дис... канд.биол. наук

»
06.01.05 –
03.02.07 –
:
,
,
– 2011
. .,
.
2
……………………….…………………………………………….........3
1.
………………………….……………………………….......8
2.
………………………………………………………….36
2.1.
…………………………………………………..36
2.2
…………………………………………………………….42
2.3 SDS-
……………………….43
2.4
…………………………………………………………………..43
2.5
………………………………………....49
3. RAPD
Ribes L…..……………………….………………….……55
3.1.
Ribes L……….………55
3.2.
Ribes L…………….……………………….........75
4.
PAAG
SDS……………………………………….………….………80
5.
(
)
(R.nigrum)
(Cecidophyopsis ribis)…………..…………………..………89
6.
Rpf1
-
(P.fragariae subsp. fragariae)...............................................................................…98
6.1
6.2.
SCAR-R1a
………98
....……………...........106
6.3.
…….……………………….……….………………………….………..111
…………………………………………………………………….114
……….………………………………………………..………….…….115
….………………….………………………….………….……..117
………………………..………………...118
…………………………...…………………………..……………145
3
.
,
.
,
-
,
-
,
, 1995).
(Ribes nigrum L)
-
(Cecidophyopsis ribis)
, 1992,
.,1998,
-
(
,
, 2004),
,
-
Phytophthora fragariae Hick. subsp. fragariae) (Parikka,
2004, Ellis, 2008).
,
,
,
(
, 1987,
-
, 2001),
-
,
-
(
, 2005, Francia et al., 2005).
Ribes L.
150
,
.
-
.
,
,
-
,
(
, 2002, Collard and Mackill, 2007).
-
,
,
4
(Brennan et al.,1997, 1998, 2002,2009, Haymes et al., 1997, Weg
et al.,1997, 2006, Sargent et al., 2008).
,
-
(
, 2003).
.
–
-
.
:
1)
RAPD
Ribes L.
;
2)
Ribes L.
RAPD
;
3)
;
4)
SCAR
,
-
GMresa,
-
;
5)
Rpf1
.
.
Ribes L
.,
,
RAPD
. SDS-
-
. SCAR
-
5
.
(Rpf1),
.
.
-
SCAR
,
.
Rpf1
.
-
Rpf1
,
,
,
.
,
RAPD
Ribes L. ,
,
-
,
.
-
.
SDS-
.
.
«Foodomics»
(Cesena),
(28-29
, 2009);
,
35-
-
,
-
6
–
, 16-19
2010
»,
);
,
155-
XXII «
.
» (26-28
.
, 2010) .
.
-
IAMONET-RU,
.
-
(23.01.2009-23.01.2010).
.
9
3
,
.
.
,
,
,6
,
,
(241
),
19
153
-
,
-
,
29
154
,6
.
,
,
.
.(
,
,
,
-
)
.,
-
. (
.,
,
)
.
«
,
;
«
»,
,
,
»
;
,
.
:
.,
.
.
.
-
.
,
:
,
.
7
-
Ribes L.
RAPD
,
,
-
Rpf1
,
-
Rpf1.
«
,
,
»
;
,
;
«
,
.
»,
-
8
1.
.
-
,
, 1985).
,
-
,
,
.
-
,
(
(
,
,
,
,
.)
.,2009).
;
(
300
),
-
-
,
,
( -
)
(
, 2004).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
-
-
.),
,
,
.
-
,
3
2(
, 2009).
(Ribes nigrum L.)
(Fragaria x
Ananassa) –
,
, 1983,
-
, 2004, GIL-ARIZA et al., 2006, Brennan, 2008).
,
,
(Brennan, 2008),
,
,
(
-
, 2010).
,
,
:
,
,
,
(World Horticultural
9
Trade &U.S. Export Opportunities, 2006).
2003
(USA market
report, 2004).
.
(
, 1987,
, 2001).
Ribes L.,
150
,
.
(Ribes nigrum L.),
,
-
(Ribes rubrum L.)
-
(Ribes uva-crispa L. = Ribes grossularia L.),
-
(Ribes aureum Pursh).
guineum Pursh, Ribes aureum
(Ribes san-
.)
, 1987, Hummer,2002).
28
Ribes L.,
-
43
10-12
(
,
, 1992, Brennan 2008).
,
(
,
,
-
, 2010).
-
-
-
(
, 1998).
Ribes L.
)
1908, Berger, 1924;
(2008),
: Ribes
Grossularia Hill
) (Coville and Britton,
, 1939, Komarov, 1971).
(2002)
-
10
Ribes,
.
(1907),
1962),
(Rehder, 1954),
(
,
(Sinnot, 1985).
.
,
,
(
., 2004,
, 2006).
,
,
,
(Janczewski, 1907),
Ribes
Coreosma Spach. –
Ribesia Berl..
.
6
,
, Grossularia Rich.. –
(1939)
Ribesia Jancz.(
)
).
Ribes
,
Eucoreosma Jancz (
-
(Rehder, 1954),
4
,
Ribesia,
.
(
-
, 1962),
9,
.
-
-
(Weigend, 2007)
(Ribes, Core-
osma, Calobotrya, Symphocalyx, Grossularioides, Grossularia, Parilla)
-
,
-
.
,
Ribes
-
,
,
(
, 1987).
,
Ribes
.
,
,
,
,
,
-
11
)
(
, 1992,
, 2004,
Parikka, 2004, Ellis, 2008).
,
1992;
(
, 1995;
, 2000;
, 2000).
,
Cecidophy-
opsis ribis -
.
,
(
)
(
, 1984,
, 1981,
, 1988).
-
.
-
(
, 1939).
.
(
, 1984, Brennan
Robertson et.al., 1992).
,
(
)
,
-
Phytophthora fragariae Hick. subsp.
fragariae (P. Parikka, 2004, Ellis, 2008,
, 2008).
(Ellis,
2008).
(Phytophthora fragariae Hick.
subsp. fragariae)
.
(
26
).
2007 . N 673,
-
12
.
.
-
,
.
.
.
-
,
,
.
(
-
, 1974).
,
-
,
)
, 1993,
(
, 2005,
)(
(
-
, 1983,
-
, 2007, Francia et al., 2005).
(
1).
1.
(
, 2000).
(
. 1)
,
–
13
,
–
-
(
2004,
2000,
, 2005,
, 1993,
, 2003).
,
,
-
.
-
–
.
-
.
,
-
,
,
,
,
(
., 2000, 2002).
(
,
, 1993).
,
.
:
1.
,
(
),
-
.
2.
;
.
3.
,
-
,
,
(
, 2000).
14
,
(
., 1989,
, 2000,
., 2002,
2006,
., 1978,
, 1984,
., 2001,
, 2002,
., 2007,
-
., 2002,
, 2006,
., 2007
(
.,
.).
-
., 2005).
,
,
.
,
,
-
(
Prunus) (Zeinalabedini et. al, 2008).
:
(
,
, 1999)
(
(R.pauciflorum)
, 1994,
, 1995).
,
,
(
, 1994).
(1995)
,
,
,
-
,
.
.
,
.
-
15
,
-
.
,
,
.
-
:
,
-
,
(
),
(Y-
-
),
,
-
.
,
,
,
.,
,
,
(
.) (
-
,
,
-
, 2004).
-
: RFLP, AFLP, RAPD,
DAMD-PCR, RAMPO
.(
APS, SSR, SCAR, NBS-profiling, SNP,
, 2004,
, 2005, Joshi, 1999).
RFLP
,
(Grodzicker, 1974,
otstein, 1980).
-
,
,
,
-
.
(
, 2004).
16
,
,
-
,
,
-
(
, 2004).
,
-
(RAPD, AFLP, ISSR, IRAP, NBS-profiling
c
.)
,
SCAR, SNP
(SSR,
.).
SCAR
RAPD, SSR
,
RAPD (
-
.
)
,
-
.
(
, 2003,
, 2005).
,
,
,
,
.
.
RAPD, AFLP
SSR
-
RAPD
,
AFLP
SSR
(Jones et al., 1997).
-
RAPD
,
-
,
.
RAPD
(
2005).
,
17
RAPD
-
RAPD
(
,
,
-
,
)
-
( ),
-
,
(
SSR
, 2003).
-
-
,
-
,
100
-,
,
,
.
, 2004).
-
,
-
(
-
EST-SSR –
,
.
EST-
SSR –
, ,
,
(Keniry et al., 2006).
,
(
-
., 2003).
:
1.
-
.
2.
.
,
.
10 –100
.,
–
10
.
2
.
.
.
-
18
,
.
-
,
,
(Collard and Mackill, 2010).
(
., 2009).
,
,
.
,
,
,
,
-
(Guilford, Prakash et al.,
1997, oart, Vekemans et al., 2003, Aranzana et al., 2003
.).
2007
2008
-
,
(http://news.discovery.com/earth/apples-genetic-material-is-a-delicious-find.html,
Velasco et al., 2009).
,
«
»
,
,
.
,
(Xu and Crouch, 2008),
,
,
,
.
,
(
-
,2007).
,
-
(Dirlewanger et al., 2004, Korban and Tartarini, 2009).
(Fragaria ananassa)
(Fragaria
19
vesca
.)
(Fragaria virginiana Mill.)
(Ashley,·Wilk et.
al., 2003, Hadonou, Sargent, Wilson et.al.,2004, Cirpiani and Testolin 2004, Folta,
Staton et.al. 2005, Davis, DiMeglio et. al., 2006, Cirpiani, Pinosa et. al., 2006, GilArisa, Amaya et al., 2006
.).
,
«
»
.
NCBI
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)
,
.
-
12
(Brennan et al..
2002).
,
-
,
(Brennnan et al.. 2008).
-
, SSR
(White Pine Blister Rust)
,
(Burnes and Blanchette. 2008).
SCAR
–
-
,
.
»
,
-
,
,
.
,
.
-
SCAR-
-
2004).
.
,
,
(
-
20
, 2002).
(2000)
,
-
1967
.
,
.
,
,
-
,
.
1%
,
-
,
(C
, 2004).
,
,
,
-
,
,
,
(Slater et al., 2008).
,
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
-
.
,
(
-
, 2009).
,
,
Mackill, 2008).
(Collard and
21
RAPD-
,
,
,
(
-
., 2001,
., 2007,
, 2007,
., 2002, 2004,
., 2008,
, 2009, 2010,
., 2008,
., 2010, Bellini, Giordani et al. 1998,
Sureeporn Kate-ngam and Padcharee Lakote, 2008, MITRE and LUKÁCS, 2009,
Sahasrabudhe, A. and M. Deodhar, 2010).
(
, 2004).
.
,
,
-
.
)
(
,
-
,
,
, 2002).
(
, 2005,
, 2007,
, 2002,
, 2004,
-
, 2010).
» (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, APG)
.
APG III (Bremer et al., 2009) -
,
.
-
22
,
,
,
-
.
Ribes L.
,
.
(
, psbA-trnH
,
(ITS)
-
)
,
.
,
,
Grossularia
-
Rib s
(Messinger t al.,
1999, Senters and Soltis, 2003, Schultheis and Donoghue, 2004).
R.nigrum –
,
.
RAPD
21
,
-
,
(Lanham et al., 1995).
,
,
RAPD
ISSR
,
(Lanham et al., 2000).
(
,
) (Henry, 2001).
,
MAS –
-
. Marker Assisted Selection.
.
,
-
23
.
–
-
(
., 2009, Subsp.shney and Tuberosa, 2008).
2.
(
,
2009).
–
,
-
,
(
, 2009).
2
-
,
,
,
5
).
.
(
-
24
(
)
.
-
,
(
,
,
-
.);
-
;
-
;
(
)
,
-
;
,
-
;
. (Francia et. al., 2005, Collard and Mackill, 2008).
.
,
MAS:
(
5
,
-
),
;
-
;
(
);
,
;
-
(Mackill & Ni 2000).
,
.
(
2005,
., 2004,
.,
., 2009, Paran et al., 1993, McDermott et al., 1994, Toojin-
da et al., 1998, Witcombe et al., 2000, Colton et al., 2000, Hash et al., 2003, Hash
et al., 2004, YOU et al., 2005, Ribaut et al., 2007, Jena et al., 2008, Zhang et al.,
2008, Vida et al., 2009
.).
MAS
-
25
,
,
,
(Guimarães, 2007).
,
,
,
.
QTL
(King, Tartarini, 1999, Tartarini et.al., 2000, Bus et
al., 2002, Hemmat, Brown, Aldwinckle, 2003, Liebhard, Koller et al., 2003 Gygax
et al., 2004, Afuniana, Goodwina, Hunter, 2004, Belfanti, Silfverberg-Dilworth et.
al., 2004, Boudichevskaia et al. 2004, Patocchi, Bigler et. al. 2004, , Patocchi et.al.,
2005, Boudichevskaia et al., 2006, Urbanovich et al., 2008, Patocchi et al., 2009),
(Roche, Alston et al., 1997, Cevik and King, 2002, Bus and Chagné et al.
2008),
(Dunemann, Bracker et al., 1999, James and Evans,
2004,),
Erwinia amylovora (Khan et al.,
2009)
.
,
-
(
., 2010).
,
(Silva, Garcia-
Mas, 2005),
(Lecouls, Rubio-Cabetas et al., 1999, Esmenjaud, 2009)
Mnejja, 2004)
(Arús and
.
,
,
,
,
,
,
(Keller-
Przyby kowicz et. al., 2006).
Collard and Mackill (2008)
,
,
26
MAS
,
,
(Collard, Mackill,
2008).
,
(Francia et al., 2005).
.
Cecidophyopsis ribis ,
,
-
(
)
,
-
.
-
.
,
(
, 2004).
:
-
(Anderson,1971)
(Knight et al, 1974).
,
,
,
(Knight, 1981).
.
(
, 1984,
, 1995).
-
(Brennan, Robertson et.al., 1992).
88%
27
.
,
100%
-
.
,
,
,
.(
,
, 1992, Lanham et
al,1997, Brennan et al, 2002).
(SCRI)
,
.
SCRI,
10
,
-
(Brennan et al, 2009).
,
»
(Xu and Crouch,
2008).
,
,
,
,
,
.
,
(Collard and
Mackill, 2008).
MAS
,
,
,
(
, 2003).
,
-
,
,
.
MAS
,
(
)
-
28
.
,
MAS
,
,
-
,
(QTL)
(Francia et al., 2005).
(fine mapping)
3.
MAS (Collard and Mackill, 2008)
(
.3)
;
,
;
,
;
-
;
(
Collard
and Mackill, 2008).
.
-
29
.
.
(1972)
:
-
.«
-
,
,
.
,
,
» (
, 1972, http://selplod.ru/immun/?p=22).
1971
.
(Flor, 1971)
(
-
)
,
.
,
(
),
-
.
,
–
.
-
–
-
«
,
».
-
.
-
,
–
,
–
(Howard, 1968.),
–
(Moseman, 1957),
(Boone, Keitt, 1957, Bagga, Boone, 1968)
«
»(
–
.
.4),
(Jones and Dangl, 2006).
,
.
30
(PAMPs,
).
,
.
(trans-
membrane pattern recognition receptors – PRRs)
,
-
PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI).
4. «
»,
(Jones and Dangl, 2006;
-
).
(
),
PTI,
,
(effector-
triggered susceptibility - ETS).
31
(NB-LRR protein),
-
(effector-triggered immunity - ETI).
(PTI),
.
,
,
-
,
(
)–
.
-
NB-LRR,
,
.
,
,
-
(
)
-
(
)
[PTI – ETS + ETI].
R
LRR
,
NB-
,
,
NBS profiling.
,
,
R
(Linden et.al., 2004).
(Baldi, Patocchi, 2004)
.
,
,
,
,
Jones and Dangl (2006),
NB-LRR
,
/
,
32
,
NBS profiling
-
,
.
(Colleto-
tRich.um acutatum)
(Phytophthora cactorum)
(Guerin et al., 2003, Parikka, 2004).
SCAR
Rca2,
.
43
,
81,4%
(Lerceteau-Köhler et al., 2004).
-
(Lerceteau-Köhler et al., 2004, Weebadde et al., 2008).
-
(Phytophthora fragariae Hick. subsp. Fragariae).
-
,
-
.
,
-
(
.
, 1974).
(1997 )
,
5
-
(1971).
»
-
(Patocchi and Frei, 2009).
.
,
R1, Rpf2
(Weg, 1997).
(Weg, 1997a).
Rpf2
Rpf3
RAPD
R3
-
,
Rpf1
33
(Haymes et al., 1997,Weg et al., 1997c)
SCAR
,
(Haymes
et al., 2000).
,
,
,
-
,
Rpf1 (Haymes et al., 2000,
Sasnauskas et al., 2007),
RAPD
.
-
(
,
)
,
145
(Rh50,
)
Rpf1
,
-
).
b
press).
,
6 (Dijk, in
,
Rpf1,
,
.
-
,
,
-
.
,
.
-
,
-
,
,
,
(
-
., 2004).
,
34
.
,
(
, 2005).
,
-
,
,
(
, 2004).
-
,
(Werner et al., 2004).
2009
,
(Sargent et.al.,
2009)
(Viruel et al., 2002, Sargent et al., 2004, Spigler et al., 2008
.).
(comparative
genetic mapping)
) (Rousseau-Gueutin, LerceteauKohler t al., 2008).
,
,
2008
(Brennan et.
al., 2008).
,
,
,
-
,
.
,
,
.
-
,
,
.
-
35
Rib s L.,
-
,
-
.
-
.
.
36
2.
.
RAPD
Ribes L.
«
»
-
,
,
,
.
.
SDS«
,
»,
.
.,
.
Rpf1
-
,
SCAR
WUR,
.
«
,
»
,
;
;
«
,
,
»,
-
.
2. 1.
2.1.1.
RAPD
Ribes L.
47
Ribesia Berl. (
Grossularia Rich. (
)
Ribes
)
.
besia
Ri-
(Eucoreosma, Calobotrya, Sympho-
calyx, Ribesia),
,
(CCC ,
,
,
)(
1).
R. nigrum,
-
,
9
nigrum
3
Eucoreosma
.
) R.ussuriense (
), R.dikuscha Fisch. ex Turcz. (
R.hudzonianum Rich. (
)
R. Pauciflorum Turcz. (
R.
),
-
37
),
-
.
4
,
,
( 1613/17,
),
Ribes,
- Eugrossularia, Eucoreosma
Calobotrya.
1.
Ribes,
(
1
2
2
3
4
5
258
250
6
Josta
Rehder A., 1954)
3
R. grossularia L.
R. grossularia L.
4
5
6
Grossularia
Rich.
Eugrossularia
Grossularia
Rich. X
Ribesia
Berl.
Eugrossularia R. nigrum
X
Eucoreosma Ribes divaricatum
Jancz.
13-15-3
)
7
203029-61
8
1613/17
,
Grossularia
Rich.
Ribesia
Berl.
:
Eugrossularia R.oxyacanthoides
Engh
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Calobotrya
Spach
9
29
35
-
,
Grossularia
Rich.
Ribesia
Berl.
R. nigrum
R.bra teosum
Dough
R.glutin sum
Benth
:
Eugrossularia R.oxyacanthoides
Engh
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
R. nigrum subsp.
38
1
2
10
11
12
16
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
25
24
27
28
30
31
32
33
26
23
R.hudsonianu
m Bourg. ex
4
Ribesia
Berl.
Ribesia
Berl.
Calobotrya
Spach
5
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
R. nigrum subsp. Ribesia
Berl.
europaeum Jancz.
?*
Eucoreosma
Jancz..
R. nigrum subsp. Ribesia
Berl.
europaeum
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
R. nigrum subsp. Ribesia
scandinavicum
Berl.
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz..
3
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum Jancz.
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum Jancz.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
europaeum
R.dikuscha Fisch.
ex Turcz.
R.glutin sum
Benth
6
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
R.ussuriense
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum
R.ussuriense
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
R. nigrum subsp.
Europaeum
R.dikuscha Fisch.
ex Turcz.
R.hudsonianum
Bourg. ex S.Wats.
39
S.Wats.
34
1
2
3
R.ussuriense Jancz.
36
37
3864-46-62
38
-
39
R.
Pursh
Ribesia
Berl.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
4
Ribesia
Berl.
Ribesia
Berl.
5
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
Eucoreosma
Jancz.
sanguineum Ribesia
Berl.
R.multiflorum Kit..
R.dikuscha Fisch.
ex Turcz.
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum
R.dikuscha Fisch.
ex Turcz.
R.pauciflorum
Turcz
6
R. nigrum subsp.
sibiricum Wolf E.
R. nigrum subsp.
europaeum
R.
procumbens
Pall.
Calobotrya
Spach
Ribesia
Berl.
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
Ribesia
Berl.
Ribesia Berl., R.multiflorum Kit.
emend Jancz.
R.sativum
Syme
subsp.
macrocarpum
Jancz.
R. petraeum subsp.
atropurpureum
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
R.mandshuricum**
40
1002-17-110
41
42
43
44
45
46
R. petraeum subsp. Ribesia
atropurpureum
Berl.
970-18-41
Ribesia
Berl.
R.rubrum L.
Ribesia
Berl.
R.sativum Syme
Ribesia
Berl.
R.sativum
Syme Ribesia
subsp. macrocarpum Berl.
Jancz.
R.
warszewiczii Ribesia
Ribesia Berl., R.sativum Syme
emend Jancz. R.rubrum Z.
R. petraeum subsp.
atropurpureum
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
Ribesia Berl.,
40
47
1
2
48
***-
Jancz.
R.palczewskii
(Jancz.) Pojark
Berl.
Ribesia
Berl.
emend Jancz.
Ribesia Berl.,
emend Jancz.
3
R. aureum Pursh
4
Ribesia
Berl.
5
Symphocalyx
Berl.
,
6
,
Ribesia (
)
-
R.rubrum, R.sativum, R. warszewiczii, R.palczewskii, R. petraeum,
R.multiflorum,
(970-18-41, 1002-17-110).
Calobotrya - R. san-
guineum (
), Symphocalyx - R. aureum (
)
Eugrossularia - R. uva-crispa (
(
),
-
, 203029-61).
–
Philadelphus pallidus Hayek.,
(Hydran-
geaceae).
(
, 1939)
Saxifragaceae DC.
: Saxifragoideae A.Br., Hydrangeoideae R.Br.
,
.
.
-
Ribesioideae Engl.
(2001)
-
(Cronquist, 1988)
,
(Grossulariaceae)
(Saxifragaceae).
,
(Rosales).
SDS-
.
7
(3
-
,
,
4
– 3268-4-36, 2091-39-32, 3190-44-57, 3122-47-29).
,
.
-
41
(R.nigrum)
(Cecidophyopsis ribis).
-
37
.
: 31
,1
-
, 3
(
2
.
-
13).
,
-
.
.
(
., 1995.).
.
0
-
5.
2.1.2.
Rpf1
(64
.),
Fragaria ananassa Duch:
-4 (Rpf1, rpf1),
,
,
,
(rpf1, rpf1),
.
.
,
120
-
,
.
(Weg et al., 1993, 1997, Haymes et al., 2000,
).
(1997b)
(1989), Scott et al. (1975).
Maas et al.
42
2.2
.
Edwards (Edwards et al., 1991) c
.
,
.
-
,
D. Puchooa (2004)
-
(
1).
,
-
,
,
,
,
NaCl,
,
-
.
.
-80º
,
(
Thomas and Tanksley (1990)
.
-
)
,
Doyle and
Doyle, 1987
(
.
2
3).
-
,
-80 º ,
,
.
.
-80º
-
2
– Freeze Dryer (Ilshin R Europe, the Netherlands).
5
28-30.
-
43
.
–
300
.
2.3 SDS-
.
50
,
)
-
,
(
;
., 2000).
-
.
(
8,3),
.
-
. SDS-
12,5 %
(
,
VE-4).
.
,
-
.
,
.
(
,
,
)(
-
,
., 2005).
-
.
2.4
RAPD
Ribes L.
-
OPA, OPD, OPE, OPH, OPK, OPN ("Operon
Technologies",
).
18
.
15
,
44
2.5
MgCl2, 0,2
dNTP; 0,5
; 0,3
, 1x
(«
100
,
Biosystems»,
- 45
»,
:
- 30
37° ;
-1
.
94° ;
-
72°
-5
- 36
(94° ).
-
1,7 %
“Sigma”, MetaPhor)
),
GeneAmp PCR System2700 («Applied
)
.
Taq
1
(High resolution,
,
-
.
GeneRul-
erTM 100bp DNK Ladder Plus (Fermentas,
)
.
SCAR
(R.nigrum)
(Cecidophyopsis ribis).
20
MgCl2, 0,2
,
1,6
dNTP; 0,17
TTACCGCAGATACAAGGTGAAG
(GMresaF 5`
3`
GMresaR
5`
GGACTAGGCCTTCTTATGAC 3`(Brennan et al., 2009)); 0,3
DNA polimerase, 1x
neAmp
,
10
System2700 («Applied Biosystems»,
:
- 30
– 30
- 15
.
94° ;
,
Ge-
).
-
– 30
72° (
Gold
.
58° ;
– 30);
(94° )
– 10
-
72° .
.
2%
1
c
.
-
GeneRulerTM Express DNA Ladder
(Fermentas)
SCAR-R1a
.
-
2.
.
45
,
GeneAmp 2720
Thermal Cycler (Applied Biosystems,
).
2%
,
ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, C
).
,
,
,
-
.
2.
1
BFACT 10
2
UDF-019
3
ARSFL-7
4
EMFn123
5
ChFaM1
6
Fvi6d
7
8
Cx661654
EMFn 185
(GA)11
9
ARSFL22
(GA)11
10
EMFn 228
(CT)9
11
EMFn 225
(CT)21
12
EMFvi 025
(TG)8
13
EMFV104
(AG)25
14
BFACT026
15
BFACT047
16
EMFv6
(GA)34
17
CFVCT030
(GA)25
.
F:TGTCATTTCCTCCAGTCTTATTCC
R: CAGCAACATCCATGGCTACC
F: TGGAAATCTGCACCGTAAGA
R: TCAGCACTTTAAGGCAGGTG
(CT)14(GA)13 F: GCGCGCATAAGGCAACAAAG R:
GCGAATGGCAATGACATCTTCTCT
F:CATTTCGGGCACACTTCC
R:AGACGGCAAAGAGACTCACC
(GA)20
F: GGAGATTATGCACAAAATATAGAGA
R: CCAGAACTCCATCAGCCTCT
(GA)15
F: TCCTGATTCAACCACAAGAT
R: GTAACACTCATTGCTTCAGGTA
F:GTAACGACGGCTGCTTCTCC
R:CGCTCGCTCTTATAAACTTCC
F: GCGAACCCCATTAACAGCTTCA
R: GCGATCAAATTCCCCTCTAACAAT
F:TTGCTGAGGATTTGAAAATGG
R: TGAAGTTTACTGGCGTTTGC
F:AAGGAAAAATGCTCAAATACCC
R:TACGTGCGACGTTAGAGTCC
F: TTGTGATCTCGTAGAAGGAGCA
R: GGGTTCCGTGAAACTAAACTTG
F:TGGAAACATTCTTACATAGCCAAA
R:CAGACGAGTCCTTCATGTGC
F:CTCTTCTAAACCACAAAATCCAGTT
R:AACAAAGGAGAGAAATGGTTGG
F:ATCGTACCTATGCATCATCTGC
R:AGGCAGGACCATCAACTAAGAG
F: CGCCGTTTGAGATTGCCCTGAA
R:CAAATTGCCACCCCTAGAGAAAAG
F: TCGATCGATTATCACCATGAA
RousseauGueutin,2008
Cirpiani and
Testolin,
2004
Ashley
et
al.,2003
Sargent
et
al.,2006
Gil-Ariza et
al., 2006
Ashley
et
al.,2003
Sargent
al.,2006
et
Lewers,2005
Sargent
et
al.,2006
Sargent
et
al.,2006
Sargent
et
al.,2003
Sargent
et
al.,2006
RousseauGueutin 2008
RousseauGueutin 2008
James et.al.,
2003
Momfort et
46
18
CFVCT028
(CT)17
19
EMFn 117
(CT)15
20
FAC-004d
(GAA)6
21
22
R: CGTCCTCAACATCTCCTTCC
F: GGGAAGAGAGGCCTAAAACC
R: CGGCGTCTCAACTTGACC
F:ATCGGATCAACAAGCAAAGC
R:ATGGATGAGGGGAGAAGAGG
F:GTCCATACTTTAAGCCGAATGC
R:ACGTCCCTTCACAATAAAATGG
Rh76
Rh50
23
UFFxa01E0
3
24 CFVCT005
al., 2006
MONFORT
et al., 2006
Sargent
et
al.,2006
Lewers,2005
Yan, 2005
Yan, 2005
F:TGATGAAATCATCCGAGTGTCAG
R:TCACTTTCATTGGAATGCCAGAAT
F:ACCCCATCTTCTTCAAATCTCA
R: GACAAGGCCAGAGCTAGAGAAG
F:GCGACAGCTTAGGGTTGAAG
R:CTTCTCCTCGCCTGTGAAAT
(CAC)10
(GA)10…
(GA)11
Sargent et.al.,
2006
Momfort et
al., 2006
ABI
PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer,
,
.
Sephadex G-50
.
,
-
(Millipore multiscreen),
,
,
.
.
,
-
ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer
,
.
-
–
.
-
,
(
), 2)
3).
1)
(
,
), 3)
-
47
,
(
-
tail)
17
(
,
-
,
),
Schuelke (2000); 4)
17-
-
(
).
.
5
.
3.
,
10x
2,0
MgCl2 (25 mM)
1,6
dNTP's (5 mM)
0,8
F*
+R
(2
GoldStartTaq
M+2
(5 U/
M)
2,0
)
0,06
MQ
12,54
10 ng/
1,0
20
,
MP KIT.
5,00
F1
* + R1
(2+2 µM)
1,00
F2
*+ R2
(2+2 µM)
1,00
10 ng/
1,00
10,00
17
,
10x
2,00
MgCl2 (25 mM)
1,60
dNTP's (5 mM)
0,80
F
+R
17* F
GoldStartTaq
(0.5+2uM)
(2uM)
2,00
2,00
(5 U/
)
0,06
48
MQ
10,54
10 ng/
1,0
20
17
,
MP KIT.
5,00
F1
+ R1
(0.5+2 µM)
1,00
F2
+ R2
(0.5+2 µM)
1,00
17F* (2µM)
2,00
10 ng/
1,00
10,00
*-
.
.
,
EMFV104, BFACT026
EMFvi025,
97-150
, 147-182
267-283
.
,
-
,
.
17
(forward)
,
.
-
– (5`-AACAGGTATGACCATGA-3`).
.
4.
*
94°C
94°C
30
49
50°C
30
35
72°C
72°C
10
*(95)
(72)
(
1°
(50),
(50)
.
4),
-
10
MP kit..
SCAR-R1a
5),
Haymes et al., 2000.
: F: 5 -TGC ATC ATT AAT GTA GAA GTC TTT-3
R: 5 -TGA TGC GAC ATA CAA AAA TAT TAG-3 .
:
94º
45º , 1
3
;
30
72º ;
: 30
7
5.
94º , 45
72º .
SCAR-R1a
,
10x
2,00
MgCl2 (25 mM)
1,60
2 mM
dNTP's (5 mM)
0,80
0,2
SCAR-R1a-F (10 µM)
1,00
0,5
SCAR-R1a-R (10 µM)
1,00
0,5
0,06
0,015
Taq
(5 U/
MQ
)
3,54
(10 ng)
10,00
20,00
2%
.
285
.
-
50
2.5
.
RAPD
Ribes L.
,
300
2000
-
.
,
-
.
RAPD
,
-
RAPD-
1
0
.
(GD)
Statistica 6.0
TREECON (Van de Peer and de Wachter, 1994).
(GD)
-
.
UPGMA
(
-
- unweighted pair-group
method using arithmetic averages).
UPGMA
-
.
(STATISTICA,
,
III, www.statsoft.ru).
:
- RAPD
,
-
– 100
-
Nei and Li (1979),
-
.
-
.
-
,
.
100
,
-
51
–
.
-
,
(
100),
.
,
,
-
,
.
(
,
-
, 1988, Zharkikh and Li, 1992,
1995).
.
ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer
Genotyper
)
GeneMapper.
,
-
52
)
5.
Genotyper 3.6 ( )
Gene-
Mapper ( ).
,
(
-
. 5).
–«
»,
,
,
.). «
»,
,
1-2
30 %
(
6.
,
. 6).
(
« -
»).
Genotyper/GeneMapper Microsoft
Office Exel.
,
,
,
.
53
Rpf1,
.
Microsoft Of-
fice
l.
,
(
,
,
.).
.
.
-
,
.
.
,
(1:1
3:1),
.
«
»,
,
-
,
.
»
«
-
,
,
–
-
,
.
.
,
,
-
,
,
.
JoinMap (manual JoinMap 3.0, 2001).
.
, ARSFL007_YS220Y222S224
,
-
54
ARSFL007
-4 (
220
Y
Yalova),
(S
. Senga-Sengana).
<abxac> (
–
222
220
224
-
–
,
).
, b,
,
b .
(
,
-
SCAR- R1
)
JoinMap 3.0
3.0, 2001).
–
-
(manual JoinMap
–
.
.
.
LOD
-
3.
-
.
2
–
,
(
={4 f12/S-N}
2
-
, 1980)
2
st
f1 -
(
),
-
,
f2 -
,
S-
(S= f1+f2)
Vg-
(V=g-1)
,
.
55
3. RAPD
Ribes L.
.
.
. RAPD
–
,
.
RAPD
Ribes
( .
)
-
(
,
)
,
-
,
,
.
3.1.
Ribes L.
RAPD
,
,
18
(OPN13, OP 10,
OP 1, OP 8, OP 7, OP 5,OP 9, OP 6, OPD12, OPD8, OPD6, OPN14, OPN8,
OP 2, OP 3, OPN12, OPN19, OPD3).
,
(
.7).
OPN-19
.
,
(
(
1),
2),
56
(
4, 5
3).
-
6
-
.
5
6
4
1
3
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
7.
OPH-8, OPE-7
3
OPN-19
,
(
.-
,
-
.–
).
,
OPN-19
,
,
-
,
.
8
OP -
,
,
,
-
,
,
.
OP -7
(
,
-
,
-
57
,),
,
-
.
9
(OPD6, OPD3, OPN14, OPN8,
OPN19, OPE1, OPE3, OPE5, OPE2),
,
-
.
RAPD
47
(
.
.
.
Ribes.
.8,
-
4-6).
dikxhud
.
.
.
.
.
.
3000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
2000
1500
1200
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
8
OPN19
1
. 1;
–
;
–
48
-
,
–
,
.–
,
; 1-
.-
,
.–
-
, dikxhud -
-
, .–
,
, .–
.-
,
.–
).
274
330
2000
,
-
270
,
.
-
,
-
58
,
22 (OPD6)
30 (
41 (OPN14)
6).
6.
,
-
RAPD
,%
D6
D3
N14
N8
N19
1
E3
E5
E2
ACCTGAACGG
GTCGCCGTCA
TCGTGCGGGT
ACCTCAGCTC
GTCCGTACTG
CCCAAGGTCC
CCAGATGCAC
TCAGGGAGGT
GGTGCGGGAA
:
:
22
33
41
32
31
26
32
25
32
274
30
22
32
40
31
31
26
32
25
31
270
30
100,0
97,0
97,6
96,9
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
96,9
98,5
.
Idaeobatus
Rubus L.
9
(Zhang et al., 2009).
24
-
27
RAPD
6,9
(Senthilkumaran, 2008),
– 12,5 (Fernández et al.,
2002).
,
,
97% (
E2)
D6)
100% (
-
98,5%.
,
al.,1995,
,
(Lanham et
, 2001),
21
12
-
RAPD
26%
,
-
29 %
-
.
Ribes (12
6
39 % (Lanham et. al., 2000),
)
,
,
-
59
.
,
.
,
,
,
(47),
, ,
-
,
.
RAPD
tum Moench
,
Fagopyrum esculen-
F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn.,
, 92,85 %
RAPD
,
-
(Senthilkumaran et al., 2008).
RAPD,
Ribes
7).
7.
Ribes L.
RAPD
,%
Ribes nigrum
147
172
172
243
93
140
152
236
63,3
81,4
87,4
97,1
- 207
192
93,2
- 202
192
95
Ribes nigrum
93 –
(9
(29
147
).
)
172
,
(9
,
152
,
236
.
.
)
.
(38
140
172
-
)
243
-
60
(33
)
207
,
192
(13
202
,
,
192
,
.
)
-
.
-
,
-
.
(172
)
(172
),
(29
),
,
-
9
-
.
.
-
.
,
(63,3%)
(81,4
-
87,4%).
,
(93,2%;95%;97,1%).
(Grossularia Rich. - Ribesia Berl.,
reosma Jancz. -93,2; Grossularia Rich. - Ribesia Berl.,
(
Euco-
Ribesia Berl. - 95)
Eucoreosma Jancz. -
besia Berl. – 97,1).
-
,
Ri-
,
,
,
.
(
-
, 1962),
9
,
Grossularia, Symphocalyx, Ribesia, Calobotrya,
Eucoreosma
Calobotrya
Calobotrya.
17
(Cajanus cajan)
17 RAPD
74,7%
-
61
(Neha Malviya and Dinesh Yadav,
2010).
9
R. nigrum
(63,3%)
(81,4%).
-
R. nigrum,
,
.
16
RAPD
-
10
-
63%,
(Fernández, 2002).
(
(
,
. 9),
. 10).
-
,
,
-
RAPD
-
.
38 39
1 2 3 4 5
48
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
9.
2(
; 38 , 39 -
, 48 -
;
–
).
9
,
RAPD
-2
62
( 38),
( 48)
-
( 39).
1
2
2
10.
OPN 14 (
–
,
.
).
10
(1),
:
RAPD
,
,
-
Eucoreosma
Ribesia,
Symphocalyx (2).
,
(
-
8),
-
,
.
6
-
.
(R.grossularia),
(R.sativum
Syme subsp. macrocarpum Jancz.),
nigrum subsp. sibiricum Wolf E.
guineum Pursh
R. nigrum subsp. uropaeum)
(R.
.
R. san-
63
6
.
R.multiflorum Kit.
,
R.mandshuricum
-
6
,
.
8.
,
36
37
, R.ussuriense
3864-46-62, R. nigrum/ R.
procumbens Pall.
, R. sanguineum Pursh
,
R.multiflorum Kit.
R.mandshuricum
, R. uva-crispa
,
R.sativum Syme subsp. macrocarpum Jancz.
,
R. nigrum subsp. sibiricum/R.
nigrum subsp. europaeum
, R. aureum Pursh
38
39
4
45
11
48
1
4
6
6
23
42
**-
**,
OPN14-740
OPN8-510,OPN14-550,OPN14-750,
OPD6-590
OPE2-1000,OPE2-1450,OPN141320,OPE3-670,OPD3-1150,OPE3-1200
OPE2-700,OPN19-530,OPN19710,OPE3-1350,OPD6-640,OPN8-660
1
1
OPD3-1170
OPN8-500
1
OPD3-600
4
OPN8-600,OPE1-790,OPE2-530,OPN14720
OPN14-590
, R. nigrum subsp. 1
sibiricum/R. nigrum subsp.
scandinavicum/
R. nigrum subsp. europaeum/
R.ussuriense
DikXHud38,
R.dikuscha 3
Fisch./
R.hudzonianum
Bourg.
970-18-41, R.sativum Syme/ 1
R.rubrum Z./ R. petraeum
subsp. atropurpureum
20
-
OPE5-430,OPD6-600,OPD6-810
OPD6-650
,
,
, ,
OPN14-460, OPD3-400),
100
,
.11.
.
(
2-920,
64
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
11.
N-14 (
OPN14-4-460,
-
Ribes;
1
-
48
. 1,
–
).
Ribesia Berl. (
. 12),
)
Grossularia Rich. (
950 (
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
1-16-490, OPE3-24-440
)
2-19-800, OPD3 -3-
.13).
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
12.
-
3(
-
Ribesia Berl.;
1
. 1,
–
48
).
(OPN8-1100, OPE2-770, OPE2-1100,
OPN19-22, OPD3-920)
: 6-37),
(
.
-
65
(OPN14-430, OPE5-15).
1 2 3 4
5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 3536 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
13.
-
2(
;
1
1,
-
48
–
.
).
,
-
,
.
-
(OPN8-1100,OPE3-750, OPE3-540)
-
Ribesia Berl. emend Jancz. (
),
Symphocalyx Berl.. (
: 39-48).
,
-
,
Ribesia Berl.
Symphocalyx (OPN8-1200);
,
,
Grossularia Rich.
Symphocalyx (OPN8-690);
,
Eucoreosma Jancz. (
)
,
Calobotrya;
.
,
-
,
.
RAPD
(1997)
66
.
,
, ,
,
(Lanham et al.,1997).
RAPD
(
. 14),
,
2
3
,
RAPD
,
4
-
(1999).
5
2
OPN8
3
4
5
2
14.
RAPD
-
OPN8
–
,5–
2 (2-
13-15-3;
250, 3-
258, 4
.
).
.14
,
,
-
.
250 ( 2)
.
258 ( 3)
13-15-3 ( 4) -
-
67
,
,
,
-
( 5).
,
,
(
,
,
) (
.
15). )
)
15.
)
RAPD
(
-
,
,
); )
.
–
68
,
762-5-82
,
,
,
,
-
.
,
,
,
. (
,
. (1995)
, 2004).
RAPD
.
, 100 %
,
RAPD
-
.
.
-
Statistica.
,
-
Ribes
0,01 (
,
-
Symphocalyx
)
R. sanguineum
0,23 (
R.aureum Pall.
Calobotrya).
-
,
,
,
Ribes L.
,
(
,
,
.)
Microsoft office Exel
,
9).
,
-
(
-
69
9.
-
Ribes L.,
RAPD
-
(
Grossularia Rich.
Berl.
Ribesia 0,13-0,19
.)
.*
.*
0,16
0,0024
0,14
0,0011
Ribesia Berl.
Grossularia Rich.
Berl.
Ribesia 0,12-0,17
Eucoreosma Jancz.
Calobotrya - Grossularia
0,15-0,18
0,17
0,0069
Symphocalyx - Grossularia
0,19-0,21
0,2
0,0036
0,14-0,21
0,16
0,0006
Calobotrya - Ribesia
0,14-0,23
0,17
0,0078
Calobotrya - Eucoreosma
0,12-0,16
0,14
0,0020
Symphocalyx- Ribesia
0,15-0,18
0,16
0,0032
Symphocalyx- Eucoreosma
0,17-0,22
0,19
0,0022
Eucoreosma Jancz.
Ribesia Berl.
Symphocalyx- Calobotrya
0,22
(
R.
nigrum,
R.
ussuriense 0,04-0,05
)
0, 05
0,0009
0,08
0,006
Eucoreosma Jancz. )
, 0,05-0,13
R.petraeum
subsp.
atropur-
pureum, R.rubrum, R. sativum,
R.warszewiczii, R. palczewskii
Ribesia Berl.)
Eucoreosma Jancz.
0,01-0,08
0,04
0,0006
Ribesia Berl.
0,04-0,13
0,07
0,0038
Eugrossularia
0,03-0,05
0,04
0,0024
70
R. nigrum (10-17,19)
0,02-0,05
0,03
0,0012
(27 0,01-0,07
0,04
0,0004
(5 0,04-0,09
0,06
0,005
0,1
0,003
0,07
0,001
, 8-22, 24-35)
, 43-47)
Grossularia Rich.
.- . 0,08-0,11
Eucoreosma Jancz.
0,05-0,09
.- .
29
Eucoreosma,
,
Eucoreosma (R. bracteosum, R.pauciflorum.
R.dikuscha Fisch, R.ussuriense
.),
Grossularia (R. oxyacanthoides) (
Calobotrya (R.glutin sum),
.14)
-
0,01-0,08
,
Ribesia - 0,04-0,13,
-
Ribesia: R. rubrum, R. sativum, R. warszewiczii, R. palczewskii, R. petraeum.
Ribesia
)
ma
Eucoreos),
(
,
5
),
.
.16.
,
R. nigrum
,
,
,
.
-
R. rubrum, R. sativum, R. petraeum,
(Brennan, 2008).
-
71
. 16
.
,
(
,
),
.
16.
(
, 2004;
.
).
(
Grossularia) 0,03-0,05,
,
,
(4
).
,
2030-29-61
,
Grossularia)
: R. disubsp.icatum
R. nigrum (
Ribesia),
72
(0,05-0,09),
(0,08-0,11).
(Ribesia)
osma) (0,14-0,21);
(EucoreSymphocalyx R.aureum (
)
(0,17-0,22);
)
Eucoreosma
)
Symphocalyx R.aureum (
-
Calobotrya R.sanguineum (
) (0,23);
-
Calobotrya R.sanguineum (
)
Ribesia (
-
) (0,14-0,23).
Grossularia
,
Ribesia
.
Grossularia (
Ribesia
-
,
)
Eucoreosma (
)
0,12-0,17;
Grossularia (
Ribesia
-
)
Calobotrya - R.sanguineum (
-
) - 0,15-0,18.
,
-
(0,12 – 0,23),
(
Ribesia
Grossularia)
(0,12-0,21).
(
Grossularia),
Ribesia,
Eucoreosma)
,
.
,
(R. sanguineum)
Calobotrya
Symphocalyx
-
73
(R. aureum)
Ribesia
.
,
,
R. sanguineum
Calobotrya,
-
Ribesia)
(0,14)
,
(0,17)
(0,17).
,
-
,
.
,
-
,
,
R. sanguineum subsp. gluti-
nosum
(
,
, 2004).
4
Ribes
: 1)
Eucoreosma
Calobotrya
Grossularia, 2)
Ribesia
Ribesia, 3)
Sym-
phocalyx.
8
(
.17),
,
,
.
-
,
.
(
)
-
.
0,1 (
).
0,1
0,05,
(
Grossularia Rich..),
-
Ribes L.,
0,05.
R. nigrum
.
-
.
.
17.
RAPD
(
,
.
.
R . n ig r u m
.
,
R . p e t re u m / R . ru b ru m /R .w a rs z e w i
c z i i/ R . s a t i v u m ( R i b e s i a )
R . n ig r u m / R . u s s u r i e n s e ( E u c o r e o
sm a)
E u c o re o s m a /
G r o s s u la r i a /
S y m p h o c a l y x / C o lo b o t r y a
S y m p h o c a ly x / E u c o re o s m a
S y m p h o c a ly x / R ib e s ia
C o lo b o try a / E u c o re o s m a
C o lo b o t r y a / R e b e s ia
(
E u c o r e o s m a / R ib e s ia
G r o s s u l a r ia / S y m p h o c a ly x
G r o s s u l a r i a / C o lo b o t r y a
G r o s s u l a r ia / E u c o r e o s m a
G r o s s u l a r ia / R ib e s ia
74
Eucoreosma Jancz.);
Ribesia Berl.
-
Eucoreosma Jancz.,
-
.
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
.
.
-
-
-
).
-
-
-
75
3.2.
Ribes L.
RAPD
-
(UPGMA)
,
(
.18).
18.
47
Ribes,
RAPD
93%
,
.
-
76
.
-
Ribes
( essinger at al.,1999,
Senters, Soltis, 2003, Schultheis at al., 2004),
.
Ribes
.
,
Eucoreosma
Ribesia (
-
),
-
.
R. grossularia (= R.uva-crispa,
Grossularia),
,
–
Ribesia
Ribesia.
Calobotrya
Ribesia
R. sanguineum
)
Ribesia
Symphocalyx
R. aureum (
).
-
,
R. nigrum.
R. nigrum
R.procumbens,
R.ussurienses
-
.
R. dikuscha
R.hudsonianum.
.(Lanham et al., 2000)
RAPD
ISSR
,
Eucoreosma - R. dikuscha, R. nigrum
R.ussurienses
.
,
-
ITS
(Messinger at al., 1999, Senters and Soltis, 2003).
,
.
,
R.
77
nigrum
,
,
-
,
c
R. nigrum: R. nigrum subsp. euro-
paeum Jancz.
,
,
), R. nigrum subsp. sibiricum (
navicum
)
,
,
-
R. nigrum subsp. scandi-
).
.
(
72%)
,
(
100%
-
R. nigrum subsp. scandinavicum,
,
-25%
).
,
,
R. nigrum subsp. scandinavicum
,
,
50%
25 %,
-
,
(25%).
. (Lanhum et.
al.,1995)
-
.
(
,
,
,
,
),
R. nigrum subsp. euro-
paeum
(65%).
,
-
.
,
(100 %
),
.
,
-
(
,
,
,
78
),
,
,
RAPD
,
.
(Lanhum and al.,1995)
.
,
-
,
,
RAPD
.
:
-
;
,
,
;
.
(
(
100%)
2030-29-61),
,
,
.
(Lanhum at.
al.,1995)
.
(
Eucoreosma
-
Ribesia)
R. grossularia,
Grossularia.
-
,
),
R. sanguineum (
Calobotrya
-
Ribesia.
-
ITS, ETS, psbA-trnH
- R. sanguineum
Grossularia
(Shulthies, Donoghue, 2004).
Ribesia
96%),
.
R. sativum (
,
), R.palczewskii (
), R. petraeum
79
), R. warszewiczii (
),
1002-17-110,
R.multiflorum, R.sativum, R. petraeum.
(
79%),
R.rubrum (
,
R.rubrum
970-18-41).
,
-
R.multiflorum
R.mandshuricum.
,
GRIN (http://www.ars-
grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?31860) R. sativum
R.rubrum
,
R. sativum
R.rubrum
-
R.palczewskii, R. petraeum, R.warszewiczii.
ITS
Ribesia
(Senters and Soltis, 2003).
Ri-
besia (R.mandshuricum, R.petraeum, R.triste)
(
.
R.rubrum)
,
Berisia (Senters and Solt-
is, 2003).
RAPD
Ribes
R. aureum
),
,
.
Symphocalyx (R.aureum
,
psbA-trnH
and Donoghue, 2004).
-
R.odoratum)
-
ETS
(Schultheis
80
4.
SDS.
,
,
.
,
.
,
-
,
.
.
SDS-
7
-
.
SDS-
.
-
:
-
,
(
, 1987,
, 1988), (
-
(1995))
(
, 2000).
,
.
(1994)
7SSDS,
,
11S-
,
-
.
-
-
81
-
: 10-40 (
105-110(
1) (
4), 43-67 (
3), 85-100(
2)
.19).
4
3
2
1
19.
(
,
-
).
,
,
(65
)
(25
-
(45
)-
22
,
37,
,
) – 65
(17,5
) – 108 (
,
2000),
.
43
65
.
)
33
22
39
,
-
(
)
–
17,5
20
.
-
SDS-
(
, 1994)
,
-
82
(
22-25
(1), 32-37
(2)
47
(3))
.
(
43
65
(
)
47
)
.
47
,
,
,
(
. 20).
10 1
0
20.
(
10;
4).
(1995)
40
20
.
-
,
,
2
.
-
,
(
,
)
)
3
11S
(
-
.
.
83
.
,
(
,
2
, 1994,
-
, 1995).
3
,
,
-
.
3 (33-39
48, 50, 52, 53.
)
5
2 (20-22
: 46,
)
5
-
: 85, 86, 88, 90, 92.
.
1 (22-25
)
(1994)
13
,
(1995)
2 (32-37
-
) – 10.
-
8
.
-
,
,
,
.
3
9
4
(
2
10).
10.
-
2
3
3
2
-
46
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
1
1
2
2
1
48
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
50
2
1
1
1
2
2
52
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
53
1
1
1
1
85
1
1
,
86
88
2
2
90
2
2
2
1
92
2
1
1
84
3
48, 50
52,
;
–
46, 48,
50, 52, 53;
46.
-
46, 48
46, 48, 52
48, 52
53,
52;
–
53,
.
–
(46
48)
(50
52).
(46, 50, 52)
,
-
46
52.
2
85, 90
92,
92.
,
(90
.
92),
.
86, 88
90,
.
11.
(
-
)
,%
3
3268-4-36
2091-39-32
3190-44-57
3122-47-29
1 2 3 4 5
55 29 9 2 3
44 6 15 10 21
98
25
6
2
6 7 8
2
4
2
66
70
39
100
9
3
30
61
1
54
48
7
2
30
31
91
3
17
21
2
4
100
100
100
100
85
,
-
(
2091-39-32,
, 3268-4-36,
,
, 3190-44-57),
(3122-47-29) (
(
11).
-
, 1994),
(
, 1995).
,
,
-
,
.
(
-
),
,
1 (3122-47-29)
3122-47-29
.)
6 (
3(
)
.)
2
1 (
,
3.
3122-47-29,
-
2
1
6,
3.
(1994),
28
-
.
4
(
,
1994).
(
. 21)
90%
(
2).
(
1
80%
1
2
3
3
(
2091-39-32,
2
2).
1,3,5
3
2
-
3268-4-36 80%
3
1,2
3
2).
, 3190-44-57
3(
2
1 8,
8
9,
8
9,
( 4).
),
-
86
3190-44-57
,
:
8
30%
9
-
70%
9,
3190-44-57
(61%).
21.
.
2
2
3
–
,
(
, 1980),
12.
2
12.
2
-
32684-36
3
209139-32
319044-57
32247-29
200
200
200
90,5
19,4
200
200
200
41
35,3
87,8
3
3268-4-36
2091-39-32
3190-44-57
322-47-29
2,7*
80,8
203
200
200
200
37,3 59,1
78,5
75,8
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
123,3
117,5
120,3
0*
0*
0*
200
200
200
53,2
0*
0*
0*
2
*-
,
2
.
,
-
87
3
0,001.
,
3.
2
,
3190-44-57, 322-47-39)
(3268-4-36
(2091-39-32,
,
)
-
2.
2(
.22)
.
2091-39-32,
-
, 3190-44-57, 3122-47-29
86, 88
90,
,
3268-4-36
85, 90
92.
22.
312247-29
.
2
3,
-
88
,
-
.
,
,
3122-47-29,
.
(1995),
86%
,
4
-
.
,
SDS.
,
4
(
.
-
3122-47-29)
,
.
–
,
,
-
.
2
.
3.
-
89
5.
(R.nigrum)
(Cecidophyopsis ribis).
(
)
,
.
,
,
-
,
-
.
.
.
SCAR
,
,
-
(
-
).
.
(1,25 mM
(56, 58
60
,
-
).
58
23.
2mM)
.
SCAR
-
90
Gmresa. (
«
»
;
–
;-
–
; 2…12 -
,
-
.13).
,
(
14-24),
,
,
,
(
1613/17, 1448-
,
(130
SCAR
-
. 23,
,
-
),
13).
,
,
,
.
-
,
.
13.
,
(R.nigrum)
(Cecidophyopsis ribis)
SCAR
2
250
3
4
13-15-3
5
Josta (
6
7
)
+
-
+
,
+
-
+
,
+
-
+
,
+
-
+
2030-29-61
+
-
+
1613/17
+
-
+
8
+
-
+
,
9
-
+
-
,
10
-
+
-
,
91
11
-
+
-
,
12
+
-
+
,
+
-
+
,
-
-
-
15
?
-
-
16
-
-
-
,
-
-
-
,
18
-
-
-
19
-
-
-
20
-
-
-
13
1448-14-24
14
Ojebyn (
17
)
3864-46-62
,
,
.
21
Otelo (
)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
) -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
-
29
-
-
-
-
-
-
31
-
-
-
,
32
-
-
-
,
33
-
-
-
,
34
-
-
-
,
35
-
-
-
,
36
-
-
-
,
37
-
-
-
,
38
-
-
-
22
23
Silgo (
24
Wellington XXX (
25
Ben Sarek (
26
Ben Lomond (
27
Titania (
30
)
)
)
)
R.hudsonianum x R. dikuscha
,
,
,
,
,
,
.
(
92
(Anderson,1971)
,
et al, 1974)),
(Knight
,
(
,
)
-
.
.
(
-
. 2004).
-
,
.
,
,
-
.
,
1-2
4-5
,
(
,
-
14
,
2009
,
2006-
(
.)
,
.
14.
-
-
*
1448-14-24
-
,
., 2004).
2005-
1613/17
.
2001
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2001
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2002
2005,2006,2007
0
2006
2009
0
2001
2005,2006
0
2002
2005,2006,2007
0
2005
2009
0
2004
2007, 2008
0
93
2001
-
Ojebyn
2004
0
2005
1
2006
1,5
2001
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2001
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2002
2004
0
2005
1
2006
1,5
2000
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2000
2004
2
2005
3
2006
2009
0
2006
2009
0
2002
2005,2006,2007
0
2006
2009
0
2005
2009
0
2004
2007, 2008
0
2005
2009
0
2005
2009
0
2005
2009
1
2005, 2006
2009
0
2001
2004, 2005, 2006
0
2001
2004
0
2005
1
2006
1,5
2005, 2006
1
2007
3
)
3864-46-62
Otelo (
)
Silgo (
)
Wellington XXX
)
Ben Sarek (
)
Ben
Lomond
)
Titania
)
2002
94
2002
R.hudsonianum x
2001
2005, 2006
1
2007
1,5
2004, 2005
0
2006
1
2005, 2006
1,5
2007
2
2006
2
2007
2,5
2008
1,5
2002, 2004
0
2005
1
2004
1
2005
1,5
2004, 2005
0
2006
1
2005, 2006
0
2007
2
2005
2
2006
3,5
2005
0
2006
1
2007
3
R. dikuscha
-
2002
2003
1999
1999
2001
2002
2001
2002
* -0-
;1 -
10 %
;3:
:
50 %
;230 %
;4-
:
30
:
50 %
;5-
.
,
1448-14-24
(
)
-
(
-
- 0).
,
,
.
1613/17 (
,
-
)
,
(
- 0).
-
95
,
,
1448-14-24
-
762-5-82
,
.
762-5-82
,
.
,
,
,
,
(
2
-
).
,
,
(
106-1-37-16
. 24)
.
.
.1163
.
-
,
,
.
SCAR
Ce
,
.
,
1,5
)
.
,
-
96
)
24.
.
, SCAR
(R. sanguineum),
-
(R. sanguineum subsp. glutinosum) –
-
,
-
(
, 2004).
,
,
,
.
,
-
,
-
(Collard and Mackill, 2007).
,
.
, SCAR
37
,
32
-
97
,
.
,
AFLP
4
23
,
.
AFLP
(
-
125
,
) (Brennan at.al., 2009), ,
,
.
(
-
,
,
-
,
,
-
),
,
SCAR
-
.
,
SCRI
-
(Brennan et.
al., 2009),
(
)
.
98
6.
Rpf1
(P.fragariae subsp. fragariae).
Rpf1
-
(Fragaria x ananassa)
.
.
-
,
.
Rpf1.
.
6.1.
SCAR-R1a
-4
SCAR-R1a
(
285
.
c
.,
(Haymes et al., 2000)),
-
(
-
).
24
,
64
-4
-
.
,
,
(
.25).
-
ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic
Analyzer.
,
1
,
.
-
99
25.
UDF009 (2%
;
,
–
)
2 (EMFn 228)
14 (EMFV104, CFCT05a)
,
7,7
(
15).
15.
-
-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
BFACT 10
CFVCT05a
UDF-019
ARSFL-7
EMFn123
ChFaM1
Fvi6d
Cx661654
EMFn 185
ARSFL22
EMFn 228
EMFn 225
EMFvi 025
EMFV104
BFACT026
BFACT047
Emfv6
-
8
14
8
7
8
10
9
7
5
9
2
10
3
14
12
9
4
,
.
139-167
106-143
102-130
216-263
177-210
213-261
274-305
411-440
219-235
143-229
285/288
256-293
267-283
97-150
147-182
162-188
222-229
100
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
CFVCT030
CFVCT028
EMFn 117
FAC-004d
Rh76
Rh50
Uffxa01eo3
6
3
6
5
11
7
7
101-121
152-156
173-199
334-372
208-233
146-219
165-189
*-
,
-
.
,
.)
,
-
,
,
13
,
.
.
,
,
1-2
et al., 2002).
(Nourse
,
.
-
', , '),
-
.
,
( ,
-
(Bringhurst, 1990).
-
,
.
.
.
. .
(1975)
-
,
- A', Fragaria vesca L. - , F. viridis Duch. - , F. orientalis Los. - AA, F.
moschata Duch - AA'B
ABB',
,
nassa Duch - A'A'CC.
(Ashley et al., 2003)
,
F. x ana-
.
,
-
101
8
,
.
,
ABI PRISM® 3100 Genetic Analyzer
,
GeneMapper
Genotyper.
)
)
26. )
(
EMFn123)
Genotyper, )
.
102
26
Genotyper.
-
–
–
,
-
EMFn123
-4,
–
.
,
-
.
.,
–
,
,
(al.
allele),
(sz.
(ar.
area).
size),
-
,
-
EMFn123.
177, 187, 191, 192, 194-2),
209, 210).
192
– 6 (177, 187, 191, 194,
194-2
.
210
.
194
209
,
,
,
Microsoft Office Excel,
-
.
30
62),
,
.
,
,
(
.).
.
,
-
.
,
,
.
103
(
),
,
(
,
)
-
.
,
-
.
,
,
,
,
.
,
,
,
.
,
,
.
.
)
,
SCAR-R1a,
,
16.
16.
(<
BFACT10_Y139Y159
BFACT10_Y151YSS167/!
BFACT10_YS157Y153S165
BFACT10_S153/!
CFVCT05a_Y141
CFVCT05a_S130S136
CFVCT05a_Y126Y143
CFVCT05a_S122
CFVCT05a_S139S138-2
CFVCT05a_YS114Y112
CFVCT05a_S114
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
-
,
-4
-
-4
>)
-
104
CFVCT05a_Y116Y126
CFVCT05a_YS118Y106S116
UDF19_Y103
UDF19_YS125Y124S130
UDF19_YS124S102
ARSFL007_YYS216S222/!
ARSFL007_YS220Y222S224/
ARSFL007_YSS250Y263/
ChFam1_YS213Y214S228
ChFam1_S251S261
ChFam1_YS245Y218S222
ChFAM1_Y227Y236
EMFN123_YS187/
EMFN123_YS187/
EMFN123_YS187/
EMFN123_Y192Y194-2/
EMFN123_S194S200/
EMFN123_YYS177S210/
Fvi6d-Y279
Fvi6dYS290Y288S305
Fvi6d_YS305Y299S295
ARSFL22_Y143Y163KK163
Cx661654_YS424Y425
Cx661654_Y424!
Cx661654_YY429S429S438
Cx661654_Y411Y440
ARSFL22_S179!
ARSFL22_YS167Y179
Cx661654_S409S439
EmFn228_Y285Y288
ARSFL22_S176S180
ARSFL22_YS173Y229S192
EmFN185_YS219y
EmFN185_YS219s
EmFN185_YS230Y228S232!
EmFN185_YS235!y
EmFN185_YS235!s
EmFN185_YS235!
EmFn225_Y256Y293
EmFn225_YYS284S260
EmFn225_Y264
EmFn225_S275
EmFn225_S265
EmFvi025_Y267Y270
EmFvi025_S283
EmFv104_YS132y
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
105
EmFv104_YS132s
EmFv104_S109
EmFv104_YS97YS124
EmFv104_YS97YS124
EmFv104_YS97YS124
EmFv104_YS147Y143S145
EmFv104_S127S150
EmFv104_Y113Y116
EmFv104_Y123Y137
BFACT26_YS147S148
BFACT26_S173S178
BFACT26_Y166
BFACT26_Y154Y170
BFACT26_Y163
BFACT26_S155
BFACT47_Y169
BFACT47_Y176
BFACT47_YS176S178
BFACT47_S167S171
BFACT47_Y172Y178
BFACT47_S179
EMFV6_S222S227
EMFV6_Y223Y229
CFACT30_YS194Y105S101
CFACT30_S115
CFACT30_Y117Y121
CFACT28_YS156Y152S154
Fac4d_SSY334Y335
Fac4d_S367
Fac4d_Y372
Emfn117_Y179
Emfn117_YS199!
Emfn117_YS199!
Emfn117_S183
Emfn117_S173
Rh76_YYS208S205
Rh76_S210S194
Rh76_YS223Y233S221
Rh76_Y219
Rh76_S233!
Rh76_YS226y
Rh76_YS226s
Rh50_YS179Y146S185
Rh50_YS164Y167
Rh50_S219
Rh50_S164
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxab>
<abxac>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxab>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<abxac>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
106
Uffxa1e3_S167
Uffxa1e3_YS177S185
Uffxa1e3_Y177
Uffxa1e3_Y173
Uffxa1e3_Y189
SCAR-R1
<aaxab>
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<abxaa>
<aaxab>
(
)
-
.
1:1.
-
<abxac>
.
3:1.
17.
-4 x
<aaxab>
<abxaa>
<abxac>
>
43
46
16
1:1
1:1
3:1
1:1 (89
),
3:1 (16
)(
-
17).
24
-4
-
.
1:1
6.2.
3:1.
.
-
,
-4
-
Rpf1
(1:1).
, 34
-
(
).
SCAR-R1a.
107
29
(
.26),
SCAR-R1
8
,
Rpf1.
26.
6d
–
-4: c
;
.
(Rh76, Rh50)
,
,
-
(Fvi6d, EMFn117, EMFn185, EMFn123) –
(FAC-004d, BFACT10)
(
-
18).
Fragaria
- Rosa
,
Fragaria,
.
108
18.
Fvi6d
FAC-004d
F.virginiana
F.ananassa
BFACT10
EMFn117
EMFn185
EMFn123
Rh76
Rh50
F.ananassa
F. nubicola
F. nubicola
F. nubicola
Rosa Hybrida
Rosa Hybrida
Ashley et al.,2003
Lewers,2005
RousseauGueutin,2008
Sargent et al.,2006
Sargent et al.,2006
Sargent et al.,2006
Yan, 2005
Yan, 2005
(Whitton et al.1997; Peakall et al. 1998).
,
,
(Dayanandan et al. 1997; Treuren et al. 1997).
,
,
,
-
,
.
c
-
(Ashley et al. 2003),
F.virginiana
F.ananassa
,
F.virginiana
F.chiloensis
F.ananassa
18-
.
-
(Dirlewanger et al., 2004, Korban and
Tartarini, 2009).
27
,
-
,
6.
109
27.
,
F2
F. vesca 815
-
F. nubicola 601 (Sargent et al., 2006).
Rpf1
:
FAC-004d,
EMFn117, Rh76.
,
SCAR-R1a,
,
EMFn185,
Rh50,
EMFn123,
Rh76,
-
,
.
(FAC-004d, SCAR-R1a, Rh50, EMFn117)
4
-
,
–
,
.
(EMFn185, EMFn123)
,
.
110
.
: EMFn123_ Y187,
EMFn117_Y179
Rh50_YS179Y146S185
FAC-004d_Y372
SCAR-
R1.
(Young &Tanksley, 1989)
Microsoft Office Exel
(
.28).
11
49
59
21
6
12
20
29
37
18
23
4
24
26
13
43
0
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
lm
--
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
{0-}
5
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
ll
ll
ll
lm
ll
{1-}
21
lm
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
SCAR-R1
{1-}
21
lm
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
EmFN185_YS219y
{1-}
23
lm
lm
--
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
RPF1
{1-}
26
ll
lm
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
Rh50_YS179Y146S185
{1-}
27
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
EMFN123_Y187
{1-}
27
ll
lm
--
--
lm
lm
--
--
ll
ll
ll
--
--
lm
ll
lm
Emfn117_Y179
{1-}
27
ll
lm
ll
lm
lm
lm
lm
lm
ll
ll
ll
lm
lm
lm
ll
lm
Rh76_YS226y
{0-}
29
lm
--
--
--
--
ll
--
--
lm
lm
lm
--
--
ll
lm
ll
Fvi6bY290Y288
{0-}
BFACT10_Y139Y159
Fac4d_Y372
28.
(
-
-
11-26)
(13,43) (
.
-
).
28
,
;
–
–
;
.
,
,
-
,
-
(lm)
.
.
-
(ll)
-
,
-
,
.
–
111
.
.
.
–
,
13
43
,
Rpf1
11
EMFn185_YS219y.
Rpf1
Fac4d_Y372
-
10
(
Rh76_YS226 )
11, 49, 59
-
21 (
.28).
Fvi6bY290Y288
-
Fac4d_Y372/SCAR.
(
-
13, 43
.).
,
SCAR
5
,
,
Md683 (Rpf1;
(rpf1;
et al, 2000).
),
,
,
)
-
63
,
-
F1 (Haymes
c
.
-
,
.
,
6d
Rpf1
-
8
SCAR-R1a
.
-
,
-
-4
(64
)
.
6.3
-
,
,
SCAR-R1
-
112
(Haymes et. al., 2000),
Rpf1
(
),
(
19).
19.
,
Rpf1,
,
Rpf1
:
Emfn117,179
Rh50, 145
.
.
SCAR-R1a,
285
.
Fac4d, 372
.
Rpf1*
3
40
0
41
13
rpf1*
3
76
0
79
6
6
116
0
120
19
26
28
2
68
0
59
94
28
61
*(
).
Emfn117 (
,
179
.)
6
116. Rh50 (
146
-
.)
-
. SCAR-R1a
19
. Fac4d (
)
88239,
372
.)
( 4
Rpf1
(
Rpf1
89
-4
-4).
,
Rpf1
: Emfn117/ Rh50/
Rpf1/ SCAR-R1a.
,
Rh50 (
Rpf1.
.28),
-
113
,
.
29.
Rh50
typer (
Geno-
Rpf1,
,
–
-
,
Rpf1).
SCAR-R1a
Rh50 (
146
.)
-
Rpf1
-
.
114
.
,
RAPD
,
-
Ribes L.
,
-
,
;
,
;
-
,
;
-
,
.
,
.
,
RAPD
. SDS-
. SCAR
-
.
,
.
.
Rpf1
,
.
,
-
.
,
,
.
,
-
115
1.
RAPD
-
Ribes L.
(
98,5%),
-
.
Ribesia
,
Eucoreosma.
2.
RAPD
Ribes L.
RAPD
.
3.
,
,
-
,
,
.
,
-
.
4.
,
-
,
;
,
;
.
.
7.SDS4
.
(
3122-47-29)
,
.
,
-
116
,
3.
2
8.SCAR
.
,
GMresa,
,
(
,
,
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145
1
(
D. Puchooa 2004):
1.
1,5
500
,
(100mM Tris ph=8.0, 20mM EDTA
ph=8.0, 2M NaCl, 2%
, 5%
, 2%
10mM AcNH4).
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146
2
Thomas and Tanksley (1990)
:
:
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, 12,5 ml
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147
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30
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