;BHEH=BYFHJYlhfk289–295 M>D FHE?DMEYJG:Y;BHEH=BY KJ:<GBL?EVGUC:G:EBABAF?GQB<HKLB FBLHOHG>JB:EVGHC>GDMDHJXRDH<UOJU;1 ]E:KdmjbobgZ:=He_cgbdF<IZgvdh\Z Bgklblml[bheh]bbfhjy><HJ:G<eZ^b\hklhd e-mail: [email protected] KlZlvyijbgylZdi_qZlb] M iylb \b^h\ dhjxrdh\uo ju[ k_f_ckl\Z Osmeridae k bkihevah\Zgb_f j_kljbdpbhggh]h ZgZebaZ RFLP) bkke_^h\ZgmqZklhdfblhohg^jbZevghc>GDdh^bjmxsbcND5/NDkm[t_^bgbpugZ^hdkb^^_]b^jh]_gZauZfiebnbpbjh\Zgguc \ ihebf_jZaghc p_ighc j_Zdpbb JKR Mjh\_gv ^b\_j]_gpbb gmde_hlb^guo ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_cfblhohg^jbZevghc>GDf_`^m\b^Zfbe_`bl\ij_^_eZohl(Hypomesus nipponensis bH. japonicus) ^h (Osmerus mordax dentex b Mallotus villosus catervarius). Ijb wlhf mjh\_gv ]_g_lbq_kdhc ^b\_j]_gpbb f_`^mihimeypbyfbH. nipponensis khklZ\ey_lH. japonicus – hl^h Osmerus mordax dentex – Hlkmlkl\b_ h[sbo ]Ziehlbih\ iha\hey_l ^bnn_j_gpbjh\Zlv [ebadhjh^kl\_ggu_ \b^u dhjxr_d qlh fh`_lihfhqvijbj_r_gbbkihjguo\hijhkh\kbkl_fZlbdbb[bh]_h]jZnbb^Zggh]hk_f_ckl\Zju[ Dexq_\u_keh\ZOsmeridaefblhohg^jbZevgZy>GDj_kljbdpbhggucZgZebaRFLPihebf_jZagZyp_igZyj_ZdpbyPCR]_g_lbq_kdZy^b\_j]_gpby Comparative PCR-RFLP-analysis of the mitochondrial DNA variation in smelts (Osmeridae). L. A. Skurikhina, A. G. Oleinik, M. V. Pankova (Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690041) The mtDNA region coding for ND5/ND6 subunits of NADH-dehydrogenase mitochondrial DNA amplified in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was studied, using the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), in five species of smelts (the family Osmeridae). The divergence of mtDNA nucleotide sequences between the species was in the range from 11.9 (Hypomesus nipponensis and H. japonicus) to 24.7% (Osmerus mordax dentex and Mallotus villosus catervarius). The level of genetic divergence between populations was 0.32% for H. nipponensis, 0.08 to 0.15% for H. japonicus, and 0.025% for Osmerus mordax dentex. The absence of common haplotypes allows one to differentiate between closely related species of smelts, which can be helpful in solving problems of systematics and biogeography of the Osmeridae. (Biologiya Morya, Vladivostok, 2004, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 289–295). Key words: Osmeridae, mitochondrial DNA, restriction endonuclease analysis (RFLP), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), genetic divergence. [bgZlhjghc baf_gqb\hklb b h[eZ^Z_l [he__ \ukhdhc kdhjhklvx gmde_hlb^guo aZf_g q_f y^_jguc ]_ghf %URZQHWDOWlhiha\hey_lgZb[he__lhqghijh\h^blv^bnn_j_gpbZpbx[ebadhjh^kl\_gguolZdkhgh\ < ^Zgghc jZ[hl_ gZfb ij_^ijbgylZ ihiuldZ bkke_^h\Zlv baf_gqb\hklv fblhohg^jbZevghc >GD fl>GD m iylb \b^h\ dhjxrdh\uo ju[ \oh^ysbo \ khklZ\gZa\Zgguo\ur_jh^h\k_f_ckl\Z2VPHULGDH <\h^h_fZoZabZlkdh]hih[_j_`vyb\ijb[j_`guo \h^Zo k_\_jhaZiZ^ghc qZklb Lboh]h hd_ZgZ h[blZxl ij_^klZ\bl_eb gZb[he__ fZkkh\uo jh^h\ k_f_ckl\Z Osmeridae – Osmerus, Hypomesus b Mallotus, \dexqZxsbo fhjkdb_ ijhoh^gu_ b `beu_ nhjfu ;_j] 0F$OOLVWHUDexdZgh\1HOVRQQ_j_rg_\ -RKQVRQ 3DWWHUVRQ J_r_lgbdh\ b ^j Khdheh\kdZyb^jKhdheh\kdbcHdkxavyg N_^hjh\ b ^j ?keb kbkl_fZlbdZ jh^h\ Osmerus b Mallotus g_ \uau\Z_l m bkke_^h\Zl_e_c hkh[uo jZagh]eZkbc lh lZdkhghfbq_kdb_ hlghr_gby b [bh]_h]jZnby jh^Z Hypomesus \gh\v b \gh\v h[km`^Zxlky b mlhqgyxlky +DPDGD 0F$OOLVWHU DexdZgh\ =jbp_gdhQmjbdh\Qmjbdh\DZji_gdh6DUXZDWDU\ HWDOQ_j_rg_\b^j Ba\_klgh qlh \ ihke_^g__ \j_fy ^ey j_r_gby fgh]bo lZdkhghfbq_kdbo ijh[e_f b ijh\_jdb jZaebqguo ]bihl_a ijb\e_dZxlky fhe_dmeyjgh]_g_lbq_kdb_ bkke_^h\Zgby Ijb wlhf [hevrh]h \gbfZgby aZkem`b\Z_l bamq_gb_ fblhohg^jbZevgh]h ]_ghfZ hj]Zgbafh\ dhlhjucgZke_^m_lkyihfZl_jbgkdhcebgbb[_aj_dhf1 F:L?JB:EBF?LH>BD: FZl_jbZehfihkem`bebij_iZjZlu>GDhlju[kh[jZgguo \\_k_gg_e_lgbc i_jbh^ ] lZ[e <b^h\Zy ijbgZ^e_`ghklvgZhkgh\_fhjnheh]bq_kdboijbagZdh\mklZgh\e_gZB:Q_j_rg_\uf Bg^b\b^mZevgu_ ij_iZjZlu lhlZevghc >GD ihemqZeb ba nbdkbjh\Zgguo ldZg_c i_q_gb b k_j^pZ ih klZg^Zjlghc f_lh^bd_ 6DPEURRN HW DO Baf_gqb\hklv fl>GD ZgZebabjh\Zebbkihevamyj_kljbdpbhggucZgZeba5)/3mqZkldZ1'1'dh^bjmxs_]h^\_km[t_^bgbpugZ^hdkb^^_]b^jh]bgZauZfiebnbpbjh\Z\_]h\ihebf_jZaghcp_ighcj_Zdpbb3&5Ijhly`_gghklvwlh]hmqZkldZkhklZ\ey_liZj hkgh\Zgbc _]h iheh`_gb_ gZ dZjl_ fl>GD ijZcf_jgu_ ihke_^h\Zl_evghklb b mkeh\by ZfiebnbdZpbb ijb\_^_gu \ jZ[hl_=Zj_llZkkhZ\lhjZfb*KDUUHWWHWDO Bkke_^h\Zgb_hkms_kl\e_ghijbnbgZgkh\hcih^^_j`d_]jZglh\JNNBbJNNBIjbfhjv_b 289 KDMJBOBG:B>J 290 LZ[ebpZBkke_^h\Zggu_\b^ubihimeypbbdhjxrdh\uoju[k_f_ckl\ZOsmeridae Ghf_j 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 <b^ Ihimeybpy :fmjkdbcaZeb\k_\aZiqZklvaZeI_ljZ<_ebdh]hYihgkdh]hfhjy [Hev]Zk_\aZiqZklvYihgkdh]hfhjy H. japonicus (Brevoort, 1856) [Wdki_^bpbbaZeIhkv_lx]haZiqZklv H. japonicus (Brevoort, 1856) aZeI_ljZ<_ebdh]hYihgkdh]hfhjy jK_j_[jygdZk_\aZiqZklvYihgkdh]hfhjy H. nipponensis McAllister, 1963 [. Hev]Z H. nipponensis McAllister, 1963 jKZfZj]Zx]haZiqZklvLZlZjkdh]hijheb\Z H. olidus (Pallas, 1814) Mallotus villosus catervarius (Pennat, 1784) [GZ]Z_\Zk_\qZklvHohlkdh]hfhjy Osmerus mordax dentex, Steindachner, 1870 [. Hev]Z jFZdkbfh\dZk_\aZiqZklvYihgkdh]hfhjy O. mordax dentex, Steindachner, 1870 Hypomesus japonicus (Brevoort, 1856) H[t_f\u[hjdbwda 10 15 18 15 8 6 12 18 18 Khhl\_lkl\m_lgmf_jZpbbihimeypbc\lZ[e± :fiebnbpbjh\ZggucnjZ]f_glZgZebabjh\ZebgZ[hjhf baj_kljbdpbhgguon_jf_glh\\mkeh\byoj_dhf_g^h\Zgguoba]hlh\bl_e_f0%,)HUPHQWDV/LWKXDQLDKb[Wgabf Jhkkby $VX, **1&& $YD,, **:&& %VW1, &&:** BstUI (CG&* (FR59 *$7$7& +LQI, *$17& 0ER, (*$7&0VS,&&**5VD,*7$&6W\,&&::**7DJ, (TC*$ Ijh^mdlu j_kljbdpbb jZa^_eyeb \ ± Z]Zjhaghf ]_e_ kh^_j`Zs_f h^gm qZklv 8OWUD 3XUH™ agarose ("BRL *LEFR*UDQG1<b^\_qZklb6\QHUJHO™ (Diversified Biotech ,QF %RVWRQ 0$ \ djZlghf ljbk[hjZlghf [mn_j_ 6DPEURRN HW DO NjZ]f_glu >GD \ ]_e_ hdjZrb\Zeb wlb^bmf[jhfb^hfbnhlh]jZnbjh\Zeb\ ijhoh^ys_f mevljZnbhe_lh\hfk\_l_<dZq_kl\_fhe_dmeyjguofZjd_jh\^ebgu bkihevah\Zeb njZ]f_glu >GD nZ]h\ λ b φO ]b^jhebah\Zggu_ j_kljbdlZaZfb 3VW, b +LQI, khhl\_lkl\_ggh Z lZd`_ gZ[hjnjZ]f_glh\>GDdjZlguoiZjZfhkgh\Zgbc%5/ Gibco", Grand N.Y.). =_l_jh]_gghklvf_`^m\u[hjdZfbhij_^_eyebkbkihevah\Zgb_f f_lh^Z Fhgl_DZjeh \ iZd_l_ ijh]jZff 5($3 0F(OUR\HWDODhebq_kl\haZf_ghkgh\ZgbcgZgmde_hlb^guckZcl(d)boklZg^Zjlgh_hldehg_gb_\_ebqbgm^b\_j]_gpbbf_`^m\u[hjdZfbδZlZd`_gmde_hlb^gmxπb]Ziehlbibq_kdmx (h) \_ebqbgu jZaghh[jZaby jZkkqblu\Zeb \ iZd_l_ijh]jZff5($30F(OUR\HWDOKlZlbklbq_kdZy h[jZ[hldZ ihemq_gguo j_amevlZlh\ \dexqZeZ n_g_lbq_kdbc ZgZeba ijbagZdh\ f_lh^hf g_\a\_r_gghc iZjgh]jmiih\hc kj_^g_c k\yab 83*0$ k bkihevah\Zgb_f ijh]jZffu NTSYS (Rohlf, 1990). J?AMEVL:LUBH;KM@>?GB? Mbkke_^h\ZgguogZfbdhjxr_d\uy\e_gh ]Ziehlbih\ fl>GD m Hypomesus japonicus ± m H. nipponensis – m H. olidus ± m Mallotus villosus catervarius – m Osmerus mordax dentex ± lZ[e Wlb]ZiehlbiuhlebqZxlky\h\k_oZgZebabjm_fuolZdkhghfbq_kdbo]jmiiZo :gZeba]_h]jZnbq_kdhc]_l_jh]_gghklbqZklhl]Ziehlbih\ f_lh^hf Fhgl_DZjeh 0F(OUR\ HW DO \uy\beklZlbklbq_kdbagZqbfu_jZaebqbyf_`^m^\mfy bkke_^h\Zggufb ihimeypbyfb H. nipponensis (χ2 = =J <<ZlZd`_f_`^mlj_fyihimeypbyfb H. japonicus (χ2 J = JZaebqby f_`^m ihimeypbyfbO. mordax dentexhdZaZebkvg_^hklh\_jgufb (χ2 J JZkkqblZgu lZd`_ agZq_gby χ2 f_`^mh[t_^bg_ggufb\u[hjdZfbH. japonicus, H. nipponensis, H. olidus, M. villosus catervarius b O. mordax dentex JZaebqby f_`^m \b^Zfb hdZaZebkv \ukhdh^hklh\_jgufbJ << 0.001). Kj_^gb_ agZq_gby jZaghh[jZaby ]Ziehlbih\ b mjh\_gv gmde_hlb^ghc baf_gqb\hklb \ ihimeypbyo H. japonicus (0.9231 ±bkhhl\_lkl\_ggh hdZaZebkv \ur_ q_f \ ihimeypbyo H. nipponensis (0.5845 ±bbO. mordax dentex (0.3105 ± ± b lZ[e Ihkdhevdm ba j KZfZj]Z bkke_^h\Zgh g_[hevrh_ qbkeh hkh[_c H. olidus ihemq_ggu_ hp_gdb \_jhylgh g_ hljZ`Zxl j_Zevguc mjh\_gv ]Ziehlbibq_kdh]h b gmde_hlb^gh]h jZaghh[jZaby ^Zggh]h\b^Z AgZq_gby \gmljb b f_`\b^h\hc ^b\_j]_gpbb ^ey ZgZebabjm_fuolZdkhgh\1HL7DMLPD1HL0LOOHU \ujZ`_ggu_\ijhp_glZogmde_hlb^guoaZf_ggZ j_kljbdpbhgguc kZcl hij_^_e_gu k mq_lhf hlghkbl_evguoqZklhl]Ziehlbih\\ihimeypbyolZ[e<_ebqbgZ ^b\_j]_gpbb gmde_hlb^guo ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_cfl>GDf_`^mH. nipponensis b H. japonicus khklZ\beZ hdheh H. nipponinsis b H. olidus – 14.1%, H. japonicus b H. olidus ± Mjh\_gv ^b\_j]_gpbb fl>GD f_`^m jh^Zfb Hypomesus b Osmerus jZ\gyeky 17.9%, Hypomesus b Mallotus – 18.0%, Osmerus b Mallotus ± Ijb wlhf mjh\_gv ]_g_lbq_kdhc ^b\_j]_gpbb f_`^m ihimeypbyfb H. nipponensis khklZ\eye H. japonicus ± hl ^h O. mordax dentex ± LZdbf h[jZahf mjh\_gv \gmljb\b^h\hcbaf_gqb\hklbfl>GD^ey\k_obkke_^h\ZgguolZdkhgh\g_ij_\urZe GZ hkgh\_ ihemq_gguo hp_ghd ihkljh_gZ n_gh]jZffZ kbkihevah\Zgb_f f_lh^Z g_\a\_r_gghc iZjgh ]jmiih\hc kj_^g_c k\yab 83*0$ kf jbkmghd Bk ke_^h\Zggu_ ihimeypbb H. nipponensis h[jZah\Zeb dhfiZdlgmx]jmiimddhlhjhcijbkh_^bgy_lkydeZkl_j h[t_^bgyxsbc ihimeypbb H. japonicus. >Ze__ d wlhfm deZkl_jm ihke_^h\Zl_evgh ijbkh_^bgyxlky \_l\b H. olidus, O. mordax dentexbgZb[he__^b\_j]bjh\Z\r_c hlgboM. villosus catervarius. Ke_^m_lhlf_lblvqlhjZ[hlihdhjxrdh\ufju[Zf \uiheg_gguo ]_g_lbdh[bhobfbq_kdbfb b fhe_;BHEH=BYFHJYlhf KJ:<GBL?EVGUC:G:EBA 291 LZ[ebpZ<klj_qZ_fhklv]Ziehlbih\fl>GD\ihimeypbyojZaguo\b^h\dhjxrdh\uoju[k_f_ckl\Z2VPHULGDH H[hagZIhjy^q_gb_ dh\uc ]Ziehlbghf_j BstUI EcoRV RsaI ih\ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 HJA HJB HJC HJD HJE HJF HJG HJH HJI HJJ HJK HJL HJM HJN HJO HJP HJQ HJR HJS HJT HNA HNB HNC HND HNE HNF HOA MVA MVB MVC MVD MVE MVF OMA OMB OMC OMD OME OMF A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A C C C C C C E D D F D D D B B B B B B A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A C C C C C C C D D D D D D B B B B B B B I B E B B B E E B B I B I I B B B B B H D F F J F G C C C C C C A A A A A A J_kljbdlZau MspI AsuI A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A C C C C C C E G D D D D D B B B B B B B B B B B F B F B B H G B B B B B B G F C C C C C C E D D D D D D A A A J A A Ihimeypby HinfI AvaII BstNI MboI B B B B B B B B B D B B D B D K B L D M G C C C C C F E E E J E H A A A A I A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A F A A A C C C C C A E D D D D D D B B B B B B A A A H A A A H A A A A A A A A A A A A F C C C C C E D D D D D D B B B B B G B B B B B B G B B B B B B B B B B B G B F C C C C C E D D D D D D A A A A A A StyI A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A C C C C C C E D D D D F D B B B B B B TaqI 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 D D B G G G B G B B D B D B B D D D G D H C C I I C F E E E E E E A J K A A A 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 1 1 1 0 0 I_j\Zy[md\Z\h[hagZq_gbb]Ziehlbih\mdZau\Z_lgZijbgZ^e_`ghklvdjh^m+±Hypomesus, M – Mallotus, O – Osmerus. dmeyjgh]_g_lbq_kdbfb f_lh^Zfb \fbjh\hc gZmqghc ebl_jZlmj_g_fgh]hh^gZdhhgbho\Zlu\Zxl\k_bkke_^m_fu_gZfbjh^uk_f_ckl\Z2VPHULGDHLZd^eyb^_glbnbdZpbb jZaguo \b^h\ dhjxr_d jh^Z Hypomesus m dZebnhjgbckdh]h ih[_j_`vy ij_^eh`_gu Zeehabfgu_ fZjd_ju iha\heyxsb_ jZaebqZlv H. nipponensis b H. transpacificus hij_^_e_gb_ dhlhjuo ih fhjnheh]bq_kdbfijbagZdZfaZljm^g_gh (Stanley et al., 1995; TrenKDPHWDOHlf_lbfqlhgZrbj_amevlZlulZd`_ ;BHEH=BYFHJYlhf iha\heyxl gZ^_`gh ^bnn_j_gpbjh\Zlv H. nipponensis, H. japonicus b H. olidus \ lhf qbke_ b kbfiZljbqgu_ ihimeypbb \ [ Hev]Z ihkdhevdm ijZdlbq_kdb ih \k_f bkihevah\Zgguf\ZgZeba_j_kljbdlZaZf^eygZa\Zgguo \b^h\ ihemq_gu jZagu_ ]Ziehlbiu fl>GD lZ[e IjbwlhfH. japonicus bH. nipponensis ijhy\eyxlk_[y dZd [ebadhjh^kl\_ggu_ \b^u Z H. olidus hl gbo h[hkh[e_gkfjbkmghdqlhkh]eZkm_lkykbf_xsbfbky\ ebl_jZlmj_ ^Zggufb \ qZklghklb k ihemq_ggufb gZ KDMJBOBG:B>J 292 LZ[ebpZAgZq_gby]Ziehlbibq_kdh]hbgmde_hlb^gh]hjZaghh[jZaby\ihimeypbyodhjxrdh\uoju[k_f_ckl\ZOsmeridae Ghf_j 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 <b^ Hypomesus japonicus H. japonicus H. japonicus H. nipponensis H. nipponensis H. olidus Mallotus villosus catervarius Osmerus mordax dentex O. mordax dentex Ihimeypby :fmjkdbcaZeb\ [. Hev]Z [. Wdki_^bpbb j. K_j_[jygdZ [. Hev]Z j. KZfZj]Z [. GZ]Z_\Z [Hev]Z [FZdkbfh\dZ =Ziehlbibq_kdh_ jZaghh[jZab_h Gmde_hlb^gh_ jZaghh[jZab_ π 0.9556±0.0594 0.8857±0.0686 0.9281±0.0401 0.4190±0.1132 0.7500±0.1391 0.0000±0.0000 0.7576±0.1222 0.3072±0.1316 0.3137±0.1376 0.0058 0.0390 0.0059 0.0102 0.0422 0.0000 0.0035 0.0011 0.0092 H[t_f\u[hjhdijb\_^_g\lZ[e hkgh\Zgbbfhjnheh]bq_kdh]hZgZebaZDexdZgh\ 1975; Saruwatary et al., 1997). J_kljbdpbhgguc ZgZeba fl>GD ZleZglbq_kdhc fhc\uM. villosusijh\_^_gguc>h^khghfkkhZ\lhjZfb 'RGVRQ HW DO iha\hebe hijh\_j]gmlv fg_gb_ h lhf qlh \ k_\_jhaZiZ^ghc :leZglbd_ h[blZ_l h^gZ [hevrZy iZgfbdlbq_kdZy ihimeypby wlh]h \b^Z Kj_^gbcijhp_gl^b\_j]_gpbbihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_cfl>GD f_`^m ^\mfy ]jmiiZfb ]Ziehlbih\ h[gZjm`_ggufb kj_^bbkeZg^kdbob[Zj_gp_\hfhjkdboklZ^fhc\u[ue ^h\hevgh \ukhd b khklZ\eye AgZq_gb_ ]Ziehlbibq_kdh]hjZaghh[jZaby^eyZgZebabjm_fuoihimeypbc dhe_[Zehkv hl ^h GZrb ^Zggu_ lZd`_ e_`Zl \ wlbo ij_^_eZo ihkdhevdm m bkke_^h\Zgghc gZfb ihimeypbb ba [ GZ]Z_\Z mjh\_gv ]Ziehlbibq_kdh]h jZaghh[jZaby^hklb]ZelZ[e ;he__ ihegh bamq_gu dhjxrdb jh^Z Osmerus %DE\HWDO7D\ORU%HQW]HQb^j. Bkke_^h\Zgb_ jh^kl\_gguo hlghr_gbc ZgZ^jhfguo dhjxr_d O. mordax, g_j_klmxsbo \ jZaguo ijblhdZo wklmZjby aZeK\EZ\j_glby DZgZ^Z hkgh\Zggh_ gZ j_kljbdpbhgghf ZgZeba_ fl>GD ihdZaZeh bo ]_g_lbq_kdmx h^ghjh^ghklvMjh\_gv]Ziehlbibq_kdh]hjZaghh[jZaby\ bamq_gguo\u[hjdZodhe_[Zekyhl^h%DE\HW DOIha^g__ijbbamq_gbb\u[hjhdO. mordax ba wklmZjby b aZeK\EZ\j_glby k ihfhsvx wlh]h `_ ZgZebaZ mklZgh\e_gh qlh wdheh]bq_kdb_ ijhp_kku b [bh]_h]jZnbq_kdb_ kh[ulby y\eyxlky nZdlhjZfb b]jZxsbfb[hevrmxjhev\nhjfbjh\Zgbbihimeypbhgghc ]_g_lbq_kdhc kljmdlmju m dhjxr_d wlh]h \b^Z \ ^Zgghfj_]bhg_%HUQDWFKH]0DUWLQ O. mordax, h[blZxsZy gZ k_\_jh\hklhd_ K_\_jghc :f_jbdb ij_^klZ\e_gZ fgh`_kl\hf ihimeypbc Bgh]^Z ZgZ^jhfgu_ dhjxrdb aZoh^yl \ j_qgu_ kbkl_fu ]^_ `b\ml ij_kgh\h^gu_ ihimeypbb b g_j_^dh \ h^ghf b lhf `_ ha_j_ kh\f_klgh h[blZxl dhjxrdb ghjfZevgh]h jZaf_jZ b bo dZjebdh\Zy nhjfZ 7D\ORU %HQW]HQ Ijb 5)/3ZgZeba_ fl>GD ZgZ^jhfguo bij_kgh\h^guodhjxr_d\uy\e_gu^\_nbeh]_g_lbq_kdb_ ]jmiiu jZaebqZxsb_ky gmde_hlb^guo ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_c Mjh\_gv gmde_hlb^gh]h jZaghh[jZabymdZjebdh\uodhjxr_djZaguoihimeypbcdhe_[Zeky hl ^h \ kj_^g_f hg khklZ\be mdhjxr_dghjfZevgh]hjZaf_jZ±hl ^hkj_^gbc±bmZgZ^jhfguoihimeypbc±hl^h=Ziehlbibq_kdh_ jZaghh[jZab_ \ p_ehf [ueh g_kdhevdh \ur_ q_f mbkke_^h\Zgguo gZfb ihimeypbc ZabZlkdhc dhjxrdb lZ[e b khklZ\eyeh \ kj_^g_f ^ey dZjebdh\ ^eyju[ghjfZevgh]hjZaf_jZ±b^eyZgZ^jhfguo ihimeypbc±7D\ORU%HQW]HQ Ijb bkke_^h\Zgbb ^ebgu j_kljbdpbhgguo njZ]f_glh\ fl>GD b ihebfhjnbafZ gmde_hlb^guo ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_c mqZkldZ pblhojhfZ E 7D\ORU 'RGVRQ LZ[ebpZAgZq_gby^b\_j]_gpbbfl>GDf_`^m\b^Zfbbihimeypbyfbdhjxrdh\uoju[k_f_ckl\ZOsmeridae <_ebqbgZ^b\_j]_gpbbσ Ghf_j <b^ ihimeypby 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hypomesus japonicus:fmjkdbcaZeb\ H. japonicus ([. Hev]Z) H. japonicus ([. Wdki_^bpbb) H. nipponensis (j. K_j_[jygdZ) H. nipponensis[Hev]Z H. olidus (j. KZfZj]Z) Mallotus villosus catervarius ([. GZ]Z_\Z) Osmerus mordax dentex[Hev]Z O. mordax dentexjFZdkbfh\dZ –– 0.0015 0.0008 0.1483 0.1118 0.1849 0.2193 0.1371 0.1363 –– 0.0012 0.1143 0.0811 0.1706 0.1964 0.1331 0.1325 –– 0.1479 0.1114 0.1887 0.2215 0.1380 0.1371 –– 0.0032 0.1485 0.1390 0.2639 0.2644 –– 0.1337 0.1356 0.2019 0.2025 –– 0.1665 0.2006 0.1964 –– 0.2451 0.2498 –– 0.0003 –– ;BHEH=BYFHJYlhf KJ:<GBL?EVGUC:G:EBA 293 N_g_lbq_kdb_hlghr_gbyf_`^m\b^Zfbdhjxrdh\uoju[k_fOsmeridaeih^ZggufPCR-RFLPZgZebaZfblhohg^jbZevghc>GDDhwnnbpb_gldhn_g_lbq_kdhcdhjj_eypbbIhhkb±hp_gdb^b\_j]_gpbbNei, Tajima, 1981; Nei, Miller, 1990). k^_eZgZ ihiuldZ \uykgblv aZdhghf_jghklb w\hexpbb jh^Z Osmerus. >b\_j]_gpby ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_cfl>GDf_`^mlj_fynhjfZfbdhjxr_dlbohhd_ZgkdhZjdlbq_kdhc k_\_jhaZiZ^ghc ZleZglbq_kdhc b k_\_jh\hklhqghc ZleZglbq_kdhc beb _\jhi_ckdhc dhe_[ZeZkvhl^h^b\_j]_gpby\gmljbnhjf[ueZ agZqbl_evghgb`_bkhklZ\beZ\kj_^g_ff_g__M bkke_^h\ZgguogZfbihimeypbcO. mordax dentex\_ebqbgZ ^b\_j]_gpbb gmde_hlb^guo ihke_^h\Zl_evghkl_c mqZkldZ 1'1' fl>GD [ueZ lZd`_ g_\ukhdhc b khklZ\beZebrvlZ[eijbwlhfmjh\_gv^b\_j]_gpbbf_`^mjh^hfOsmerusb^jm]bfbjh^Zfbk_f_ckl\Z 2VPHULGDH \ ± jZaZ ij_\ukbe mjh\_gv ^b\_j]_gpbb nhjf bkke_^h\Zgguo Lwcehjhf b >h^khghf (Taylor, Dodson, 1994). <gZklhys__\j_fyg_kms_kl\m_l_^bgh]hfg_gby hlghkbl_evgh kbkl_fZlbq_kdh]h iheh`_gby dhjxrdh\uo ju[ ;_j] *RVOLQH DexdZgh\ 1HOVRQQ_j_rg_\J_r_lgbdh\b^j N_^hjh\b^jb^jgh[hevrbgkl\hbkke_^h\Zl_e_c jZkkfZljb\Zxl bo \ dZq_kl\_ [eb`Zcrbo jh^kl\_ggbdh\ ehkhk_\uo < k\yab k wlbf bgl_j_kgh kjZ\gblv ihemq_ggu_ gZfb j_amevlZlu k ebl_jZlmjgufb ^Zggufbihk_f_ckl\m6DOPRQLGDHLZdijbbkke_^h\Zgbb baf_gqb\hklb fblhohg^jbZevgh]h ]_ghfZ m g_dhlhjuo \b^h\ jh^Z Oncorhynchus ih mqZkldm 1'1' hij_^_e_gumjh\gb]Ziehlbibq_kdh]hbgmde_hlb^gh]h jZaghh[jZaby ^ey ]hj[mrb O. gorbuscha – 0.6687 ± ±b^eyd_luO. keta – 0.4408 ± 0.08266 b ^ey g_jdb O. nerka – 0.6077 ± b khhl\_lkl\_ggh&KXULNRYHWDO>eyk_\_jghcbx`ghcfZevfuSalvelinus malma wlbihdZaZl_ebkhklZ\beb±b±^eyk_\_jghc b ± b ± ^ey x`ghc khhl\_lkl\_ggh He_cgbd b ^j LZdbf h[jZahf agZq_gby ]Ziehlbibq_kdh]h b gmde_hlb^gh]h jZaghh[jZaby ^ey ehkhk_\uobdhjxrdh\uoju[e_`Zl\h^ghf^bZiZahg_ AgZq_gby^b\_j]_gpbbjZkkqblZggu_ ^ey ihimeypbcjZaguo\b^h\k_f_ckl\Z2VPHULGDHlZ[ekhihklZ\bfu k ebl_jZlmjgufb oZjZdl_jbamxsbfb \gmljb\b^h\mx baf_gqb\hklv fl>GD ehkhk_\uo ju[ Ih j_amevlZlZf5)/3ZgZebaZZfiebnbpbjh\ZgguomqZkldh\ ;BHEH=BYFHJYlhf ]_gh\1'1'b1'1'mk_\_jhZf_jbdZgkdhcd_lu mjh\_gv ^b\_j]_gpbb f_`^m ihimeypbyfb khklZ\be ± &URQLQ HW DO >b\_j]_gpby f_`^m ihimeypbyfbk_\_jghcfZevfuSalvelinus malma malma, jZkkqblZggZygZhkgh\Zgbbbaf_gqb\hklblj_omqZkldh\ fblhohg^jbZevgh]h ]_ghfZ \ khklZ\ dhlhjuo \oh^bl j_]bhg dh^bjmxsbc 1'1' km[t_^bgbpu gZ^hdkb^^_]b^jh]_gZau khklZ\beZhdhehZf_`^mihimeypbyfb x`ghc fZevfu S. malma krascheninnikovi – hl^hHe_cgbdb^jMjh\_gv \gmljb\b^h\hc ]_g_lbq_kdhc ^b\_j]_gpbb m dhjxr_d ih gZrbf ^Zgguf e_`bl \ ij_^_eZo hl (O. mordax dentex)^h(H. nipponensis). < lh `_ \j_fy mjh\_gv ^b\_j]_gpbb f_`^m jZagufb \b^Zfb b jZagufb jh^Zfb dhjxr_d [ue agZqbl_evgh \ur_ b kms_kl\_ggh ij_\urZe lZdh\hc ^ey ehkhk_\uo ju[ Ih ^Zgguf ;jmgg_jZ k khZ\lhjZfb (BrunQHU HW DO ^b\_j]_gpby jZkFqblZggZy gZ hkgh\_ k_d\_gbjh\Zgby mqZkldZ >i_leb fl>GD ^ey Salvelinus alpinus complex b S. fontinalis khklZ\beZ ^eyS. alpinus complex bS. namaycush±Z ^ey S. alpinus complex b S. leucomaenis ± Mjh\_gvjZaebqbcf_`^mS. malma bS. leucomaenis ^hklb]Ze He_cgbd b ^j Ihemq_ggu_ gZfb hp_gdb ^b\_j]_gpbb f_`^m jZagufb \b^Zfb jh^Z Hypomesus e_`Zl\ij_^_eZohl^hZf_`^m jh^Zfb±hl^h Ba\_klgh qlh dhe_[Zgb_ mjh\gy f_`\b^h\hc ^b\_j]_gpbbih^Zggufj_kljbdpbhggh]hZgZebaZfl>GD ^ey fhjkdbo wklmZjguo b dZlZ^jhfguo \b^h\ ju[ e_`bl \ ij_^_eZo hl ^h Z ^ey ij_kgh\h^guo b ZgZ^jhfguo\b^h\±hl^h%LOOLQJWRQ+HEHUW IhdZaZgh lZd`_ qlh gbadbc mjh\_gv \gmljb\b^h\hc baf_gqb\hklb y\ey_lky lbibqguf ^ey \b^h\ ih^\_j]Z\rboky ^_ckl\byf he_^_g_gbc \ oh^_ w\hexpbb %LOOLQJWRQ +HEHUW :LOVRQ %HUQDWFKW] LZdbfh[jZahfgZrbj_amevlZlu\iheg_kh]eZkmxlkyk ebl_jZlmjgufb^Zggufbbiha\heyxlk\ukhdbfmjh\g_f ^hklh\_jghklb b^_glbnbpbjh\Zlv \k_ bamq_ggu_ \b^u k_f_ckl\Z 2VPHULGDH. <i_j\u_ ihemq_gu dhebq_kl\_ggu_ hp_gdb ^b\_j]_gpbb fl>GD ^ey \k_o \b^h\ dhjxrdh\uo ju[ k_\_jhaZiZ^ghc qZklb Lboh]h hd_Z- KDMJBOBG:B>J 294 gZG_khfg_gghqlhH. japonicus bH. nipponensis ±wlh gZb[he__ [ebadh k\yaZggu_ \b^u jh^Z Hypomesus, Z H. olidus agZqbl_evgh h[hkh[e_g hl gbo GZb[he__ ^b\_j]bjh\Z\rbcfblhohg^jbZevguc]_ghfkj_^b\k_obkke_^h\Zgguo\b^h\bf__lfhc\ZM. villosus catervarius. :\lhju \ujZ`Zxl ]em[hdmx ijbagZl_evghklv K< Njheh\m Bgklblml [bheh]bb fhjy ><H J:G b B:Q_j_rg_\mBgklblml[bheh]bq_kdboijh[e_fK_\_jZ><HJ:GaZg_hp_gbfmxihfhsvhdZaZggmxijb k[hj_ fZl_jbZeZ _]h hij_^_e_gbb b h[km`^_gbb ihemq_gguo j_amevlZlh\ Z lZd`_ FX AZkuidbgm Bgklblml [bheh]bq_kdbo ijh[e_f K_\_jZ ><H J:G XB=Z\j_gdh\m BA IZjimjZ b :X K_f_gq_gdh LBGJHp_gljaZihfhsvijbk[hj_fZl_jbZeZ KIBKHDEBL?J:LMJU ;_j]EKJu[uij_kguo\h^KKKJbkhij_^_evguokljZgF EBa^\h:GKKKJQk =jbp_gdh HN Qmjbdh\ :: Kbkl_fZlbdZ fZehjhluo dhjxr_d jh^Z Hypomesus 6DOPRQLIRUPHV 2VPHULGDH ZabZlkdh]h ih[_j_`vy Lboh]h hd_ZgZ Ahhe `mjg L\uiK± DexdZgh\ <: Gh\u_ ^Zggu_ h jZkijhkljZg_gbb fZehjhluo dhjxr_d\\h^ZoKKKJ>hde:GKKKJL K± DexdZgh\ <: Fhjnheh]bq_kdb_ hkgh\u kbkl_fZlbdb dhjxr_d jh^Z Hypomesus 2VPHULGDH Ahhe `mjg L\uiK± DexdZgh\<:Kbkl_fZlbdZbjh^kl\_ggu_hlghr_gbydhjxr_djh^h\Osmerus bHypomesus 2VPHULGDHbbojZkk_e_gb_Ahhe`mjgL\uiK± DexdZgh\ <: Ijhbkoh`^_gb_ jZkk_e_gb_ b w\hexpby dhjxrdh\uo2VPHULGDHHkgh\udeZkkbnbdZpbbbnbeh]_gbb ehkhk_\b^guo ju[ E ABG :G KKKJ K 13–27. He_cgbd:=KdmjbobgZE:;judh\<e:b^j>b\_j]_gpby fblhohg^jbZevghc >GD ^\mo ih^\b^h\ fZevfu Salvelinus malma 6DOPRQLGDH 3LVFHV >hde J:G LK± He_cgbd := KdmjbobgZ E: ;judh\ <e: >b\_j]_gpby fZevfu Salvelinus malma \ ZabZlkdhc qZklb k_\_jghc IZpbnbdb ih ^Zgguf 3&55)/3ZgZebaZ fblhohg^jbZevghc >GD =_g_lbdZ L K ± 1401. J_r_lgbdh\XK;h]mpdZyG=<Zkbev_\Z?>b^jKibkhd ju[hh[jZaguobju[ij_kguo\h^Jhkkbb<hijbolbheLK± Khdheh\kdZyL=Khdheh\kdbc:KKh[he_\kdbc?BKibkhd ju[ aZeb\Z I_ljZ <_ebdh]h Yihgkdh_ fhj_ <hij bolbheLK± Khdheh\kdbc :K Hdkxavyg ?; Mlhqg_gby b ^hiheg_gby d kibkdm bolbhnZmgu [Zkk_cgZ j_db LmfZgghc Wdheh]bq_kdh_ khklhygb_ b [bhlZ x]haZiZ^ghc qZklb aZeb\Z I_ljZ <_ebdh]h b mklvy j_db LmfZgghc <eZ^b\hklhd >ZevgZmdZK± N_^hjh\ << Q_j_rg_\ B: GZaZjdbg F< b ^j DZlZeh] fhjkdbobij_kgh\h^guoju[k_\_jghcqZklbHohlkdh]h fhjy<eZ^b\hklhd>ZevgZmdZk Q_j_rg_\B::gghlbjh\Zgguckibkhdju[hh[jZaguobju[ ij_kguo \h^ :jdlbdb b khij_^_evguo l_jjblhjbc <hijbolbheLK 597–608. Q_j_rg_\B:R_klZdh\:<Kdhi_pF;HjZkijhkljZg_gbbfZehjhluodhjxr_djh^ZHypomesus 2VPHULGDH\ k_\_jghc qZklb Hohlkdh]h fhjy <hij bolbhe LK± Q_j_rg_\ B: R_klZdh\ :< Njheh\ K< D kbkl_fZlbd_ fZehjhluodhjxr_djh^ZHypomesus 2VPHULGDHaZeb\Z I_ljZ <_ebdh]h Yihgkdh]h fhjy ;bhe fhjy LK± Qmjbdh\ :: DZji_gdh <B Gh\u_ ^Zggu_ h jZkijhkljZg_gbb fhjkdhc fZehjhlhc dhjxrdb Hypomesus japonicus %UHYRRUW \ \h^Zo KKKJ <hij bolbhe L K± Baby M.-C., Bernatchez L., Dodson J.J. Genetic structure and relationships among anadromous and landlocked populations of rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax, Mitchill, as revealed by mtDNA restriction analysis // J. Fish Biol. 1991. Vol. 39. Suppl. A. P. 61–68. Bernatchez L., Martin S. Mitochondrial DNA diversity in anadromous rainbow smelt, Osmerus mordax Mitchill: a genetic assessment of the member-vagrant hypothesis // Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1996. Vol. 53, no. 2. P. 424–433. Billington N., Hebert P.D.N. 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