H. O. Кожевникова ВЛИЯНИЕ ГРАДИЕНТА ТЕМПЕРАТУР В

,
,
.
.
.
–
,
,
. .
,
,
.
,
-
.
(
)
(
)
(
(
-
),
).
,
.
Melt-blown polymer fibrous materials are extensively applied in filtration systems and possess high
filtration efficiency at low pressure drop. The ability of filters to catch dust particles depends on the electret
properties of the polymer material. In the present study electret properties of polypropylene and
polyethyleneterephtalate films and fibers are investigated by means of thermostimulated and isothermal
relaxation of a surface potential and differential scanning calorimetry. Influence of the temperature gradient
in dielectrics on the interpretation of the experimental data is examined in detail.
1
,
(
(
.
290
),
);
.
-
...
,
,
-
-
, . .
(
50 µ ),
.
,
(
:
,
(
)
– 800 µ ,
:
.1, 2,
1200 µ ;
15 µ ).
-
,
.
.
,
-
,
.
-
.
40
35
40
?=0,025 K/c
35
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
310
? =0,06 7 K/c
30
25
290
?=0,05 K/c
,
,
?=0,05 K/c
?=0,067
?=0,034
30
330
350
370
290
390
34 0
390
440
. 2.
. 1.
1,2
1,2
.
2
0,6
3
1
0,4
3
0,2
0,2
4
340
4
0,0
0,0
290
2
0,8
1
0,6
,
1,0
,
.
1,0
0,4
390
30 0
440
350
400
4 50
. 4.
. 3.
:
:
–
–
–
–
50 0
,
,
1
2
3
4
49 0
,
,
0,8
, =0,050
;
, =0,025
;
,
=0,038
,
=0,019
–
–
-
1
2
3
4
;
291
–
–
–
–
, =0,050
;
T, =0,025
;
,
=0,038
,
=0,019
;
,
.
1,5
).
-
,
(
(
,
)
-
,
).
).
(
(
. 3, 4) (
,
. 1, 2, 3, 4.
-
1
(
)
W,
,
0,57±0,02
107
0,54±0,02
107
340–350
(330-340 )
0,9±0,03
109
0,83±0,02
5 * 108
390–430
(380-390 )
-1
,
2
,
W,
320–340
0,56±0,02
0,73±0,02
360–390
0,75±0,02
-1
,
5 * 107
109
10
9
W,
,
-1
0,73±0,02
105
109
0,76±0,02
5 * 108
0,39±0,01
3
(
)
W,
,
,
108
108
1010
1010
0,74±0,02
360–380
(350–370 )
0,72±0,02
1,02±0,03
430–460
(420–440 )
-1
0,95±0,03
4
(
)
,
W,
0,66±0,02
360–380
0,71±0,02
430–460
0,89±0,03
292
-1
,
8
10
108
1010
...
(
)
1)
.
2
440–443 K.
-
,
:
320–330
,
-
,
;
3)
,
,
,
.
)
.
-
,
,
W = 0,39
( = 105c-1),
,
-
,
W = 0,56
(
4
= 5*10 7 c -1 ).
.
-
.
(
:
)
1)
,
,
,
,
,
3
,
-
.
-
.
-
350-370
(
;
2)
370–390
5
).
420–440
,
.
6
(
-
).
2)
,
(
,
-
,
. 5)
-
.
443 K
.
440 K
,
.
,
,
.
,
-
,
. 5.
-
.
.
.
293
,
1
.
.,
.
//
.
. 2005.
2
1.
. 10–17.
.
Kravtsov A. G., Zotov S. V., Brunig H. Peculiarities of the electret state of melt-spun and melt-blown
fibrous polypropylene materials // Mechanics of Composite Materials. 2000. V. 36. N. 6. P. 491–496.
4
. .,
. .
//
:
.
,
. . .
,
. 2006. . 59–68.
5
Gorokhovatsky Yu., Temnov D., Marat-Mendes J. N., Dias C. J. M., Das-Gupta D. K. On the nature
of thermally stimulated discharge current spectra in polyethylene terephtalate // Journal of applied physics.
1998. V. 83. N 10. P. 5337–5341.
6
.
3
294